REASONS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF DEADLY DISEASES IN CURRENT SCENERIO

BYS.SRIVIDHYA

Global warming The mother of all apocalyptic fears Increasing temperature causes dehydration and low BP  if night time temperatures do not drop, extreme heat can be a killer.  Poor air quality causes respiration problems like asthma Increase in CO2 – plants fast growth – diseases Vector remained dormant during winter gets activated with full power and

cause severe cholera Anthrax , zombie disease , zika , tick borne illness , cholera , heat stroke Other diseases on the rise due to extreme weather include hantavirus ,  

schistosomiasis , river blindness, and tuberculosis . It also causes the rise in hay fever, as when the weather gets warmer there is a rise in pollen levels in the air.

Nuclear radiation Radiation poisoning, also called "radiation sickness" or a "creeping

dose“ due to ionising radiation Cause mutation to DNA resulting in cancer  if the exposure to the air comes after some time,  radioactive material does

not pose a health risk Radioactive cesium, on the other hand, can stay in the environment for

more than a century.  Bone marrow death , Prodromal syndrome , Gastrointestinal death , Central

nervous system death , pulmonary insufficiency ,Cancer induction In utero (within the womb) effects on human development , Transgenerational genetic damage

Nuclear war of Japan – Dysentery ,Typhoid, Infectious hepatitis, Salmonellosis ,Cholera ,Meningococcal meningitis , Tuberculosis ,Diphtheria , Whooping cough, Polio ,Pneumonia etc (40 rems)

Overpopulation The fear of an overpopulated globe has been around since

the 18th century, when Thomas Malthus predicted that population growth would cause mass starvation and overtax the planet.

With the global population at 7 billion and counting, many conservationists think population growth is one of the key threats to the planet.

Not everyone agrees Many think population growth will stabilize in the next 50

years, and that humanity will innovate its way out of the negative consequences of the overcrowding that does occur.

Mosquitos Malaria is caused by a parasite that infects mosquitos. People get it from the bite of

an infected mosquito. Malaria caused about 627,000 deaths in 2012, according to WHO. Sub-Saharan Africa took the brunt with 90 percent of all malaria deaths. Malaria is not contagious.

Mosquito-borne diseases are probably the greatest threat to humans as they include malaria, elephantiasis, Rift Valley fever, yellow fever, and dengue fever.

 flooding and drought - Flooding creates more standing water for mosquitos to breed; 

Measles is a contagious viral disease that can be prevented through immunization. In 2010, it killed about 139,300 people around the world, according to the CDC.

 These extended seasons are creating climates that are able to sustain vectors for longer periods of time, allowing them to multiply rapidly, and also creating climates that are allowing the introduction and survival of new vectors.[5]

No proper toilets and sanitation facilities

Microorganisms

Bacteria. These one-cell organisms are responsible for illnesses such as strep throat, urinary tract infections and tuberculosis.

Viruses. Even smaller than bacteria, viruses cause a multitude of diseases — ranging from the common cold to AIDS.

Fungi. Many skin diseases, such as ringworm and athlete's foot, are caused by fungi. Other types of fungi can infect your lungs or nervous system.

Parasites. Malaria is caused by a tiny parasite that is transmitted by a mosquito bite. Other parasites may be transmitted to humans from animal feces.

Food contamination

Another way disease-causing germs can infect you is through contaminated food and water.

This mechanism of transmission allows germs to be spread to many people through a single source.

E. coli, for example, is a bacterium present in or on certain foods — such as undercooked hamburger or unpasteurized fruit juice.

The diseases caused due to food contamination may have a stronger impact as the microbes acquire nutrition directly from the food source

Genetic disorder A genetic disorder is an illness caused by changes in a person’s DNA resulting

in mutation. Mutation can be due to environmental factors, such as cigarette smoke and

exposure to radiation, which cause changes in the DNA  sequence. These changes can affect the nitrogenous bases (A, C, G or T) or changing

the sequences of DNA or even chromosomes. Example : Cancer, Down’s syndrome , diabetes statistics 80% rare disease are due to genetical factor

Nutrition Lack of nutrition causes malfunction of immunity Radish and cabbage are anti cancerous To be optimally healthy, we require adequate intake of water, fibre, and

phytonutrients. Nutrient-rich foods include fresh vegetables, legumes, fruits, whole grains,

nuts, and seeds. Organic eggs and wild fish are also healthy, micronutrient-rich foods.

Prevent highly processed foods , soda, white flour, junk food , soft drinks.

Physical stress

It leads to scar tissue formation and joint dysfunction that may cause problems with mobility and flexibility over the long term.

Leading obesity due to inactivity Examples :wearing a backpack over only one shoulder, talking too long

on the phone while leaning to one side strains shoulder and neck The way to avoid : stay physically comfortable ,Designing an optimal

work environment, taking regular breaks, and not taking asymmetrical position during work 

Bending the spine exerts pressure on lungs

Engineered disease

Natural diseases aren't the only ones to fear. Earlier scientists engineered drugs against pathogens but in

recent days researchers are engineering diseases without a remedy for creating biowar.

The results sparked fears that engineered deadly diseases could inadvertently escape from the lab or be intentionally released, leading to a global pandemic.

In 2011, the scientific community was outraged that researchers had engineered a mutant version of the bird flu H5N1 that was transmissible in ferrets and transmitted via the air.