Reasons for benchmarking voltage sag performance
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Transcript of Reasons for benchmarking voltage sag performance
1McGranaghan/Sabin US Session 2 Block 3 Question 8
Barcelona 12-15 May 2003
Calculating System Events and Using Voltage Sag Benchmarking as a System Performance Indicator –
What are utilities doing?
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Reasons for benchmarking voltage sag performance
Basis for evaluating ongoing system performance (based on events that impact customers – more than traditional reliability)
Basis for evaluating economics of power quality improvement options
Basis for implementing PQ-based contracts Basis for attracting customers that are
concerned about PQ levels Can be basis for standards
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Important Concept - Aggregation
• Measurement aggregation– multiple phases or channels per measurement
• Temporal Aggregation– breaker reclosing
• Spatial Aggregation (system events)– multiple monitors per location
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San Diego Gas & Electric?• Monthly reports on SARFI rates and power factor
are distributed to power quality engineers, distribution engineers, grid operation engineers, and some customer reps.
• The cause of every voltage sag below 0.90 per unit is tracked for periodic review.
• Monitoring at over forty substation and customer locations
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Baltimore Gas and Electric• In March 1996, BGE began a monitoring project at the
substation busses of 40 distribution feeders.• Over three years of power quality disturbances and steady
state samples collected to date constitute a five gigabyte database.
• BGE has looked into using SARFI indices as a factor for determining where to allocate planning and maintenance dollars.
• In June 1997, BGE placed an advertisement in their regional edition of the Wall Street Journal that quoted SARFI statistics.
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To assure quality and price,BGE’s power passesthrough this line first.
THE WALL STREET JOURNAL, TUESDAY, JUNE 17, 1997
For a special team of BGE experts, their most importantjob is keeping your business up and running. BGE’s dedicated Power Quality Team evaluates customer needs to improve your business operations. They do power quality metering. Visual and thermovision inspections. System evaluations. Substation reconfiguration. And more. That’s why BGE’s
power quality is almost a third better — 27.7% fewer voltage sags — than the 24 other utilities studied by the Electric Power Research Institute. And we provide this extra power quality service while holding the line on electric rates. It all addsup to greater energy valuefor you and your business.
www.bge.com
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United Illuminating CompanyNew Haven, Connecticut
• UI employs about 40 power quality monitoring instruments to monitor every bulk power substation and many key customers.
• SARFI rates are computed regularly and tracked to determine where problem areas are in system.
• Key customers have been presented monitoring and SARFI data when questions arise on whether UI is providing sub par power.
• UI published its annual SARFI rates in an Edison Electric Institute journal article.
McGranaghan/Sabin US Session 2 Block 3 Question 8
Barcelona 12-15 May 2003
UI Example - Voltage Sags to 70% or Less Including Feeder Outages - 1998
Faults on Parallel Feeders
56.43%
Faults on TransmissionSystem
31.54%
Faults on Own Feeder 12.03%-SARFI70 =7.075
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UI Example – Using SARFI-70 to track individual substation performance
Comparison of UI Substation's SARFI 70 performance of the last 12 months vs. their 3 year average
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Substation Name
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SARFI70 from Distribution Events 3 years average SARFI70 from Trasmission Events 3 years average
SARFI70 from Distribution Events during the last four Quarters SARFI70 from Trasmission Events during the last four Quarters
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Detroit Edison Company• Detroit Edison’s monitoring system includes over
136 monitors for the purpose of administering its contracts at 58 locations operated by Ford Motor Company, General Motors Corporation, and DaimlerChrysler.
• The contracts require payments when excessive numbers of interruptions and/or voltage sags are tallied during a calendar year, using a “sag score” to track the payments.
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Example Sag Score Report from PQView
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PowerGrid (Singapore)
• Continuous benchmarking of voltage sag performance due to importance of semiconductor industry customers.
• Developed to concept of a SARFI Map to characterize the different expected voltage sag performance characteristics for different parts of their system.
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SARFI Map
ENV S ENOKO INCINERATOR
S ENOKO
QUEENSTOWN
LABRADOR
LABRADOR
ADMIRALTY WES T
PULAU BUKOM
PIONEER SECTOR
UPPER JURONG
GUL CHANNEL
PIONEER RD
TUAS P/S
NORTHERN TUAS
S ERAYA CHEMICALS
PANDAN
PULAU S ERAYA
PULAU S ERAYA S /H
PULAU S AKRA
PULAU AYER CHAWAN
NEW MOBIL
PULAU AYER MERBAU I
PULAU AYER MERBAU II
PULAU MERLIMAU
JURONG HARBOUR
JURONG PIER
JURONG PIER
JURONG WEST
INTERNATIONAL RD
CHOA CHU KANG
UPPER JURONG
JLN BAHAR
NTU
BUONA VISTA
NUS AYER RAJAH
BUKIT PANJANG
AYER RAJAH
JURONG EAST
CLEMENTI
BUKIT BATOK
CHOA CHU KANG
DUNEARN
CHOA CHU KANG NEW TOWN
MARSILING
MANDAI
230kV S UPPLY ZONES
OCTOBER 1999
ALJUNIED
MARINA CENTRE
KALLANG BASINKG JAVA
OUTRAM
NEW ARMENIAN ST
S OMERSET
S TAMFORD RD
TK BLANGAH
KG BAHRU
S T JAMES
GRANGE RD
HENDERSON
ANN S IANG HILL
TRAFALGAR
GEORGE ST
RAFFLES
CRAWFORD
CHANDERRD
S UNTEC CITY
THOMSON
BRIGHT HILL
KALLANG BAS IN
KG JAVA
TOA PAYOH
S ERANGOON NORTH
ANG MO KIO
BISHAN
MARINE PARADE
TG RHU
YAS IN
PAYA LEBAR
AIRPORT
EUNOS
PAYA LEBAR
HOUGANG
AIDA
BEDOK
TAMPINES
TAMPINES
YIS HUN
ADMIRALTY WEST
CHANGI AIRPORT
CHANGI
TAMPINES NEW TOWN
PAS IR RIS
PAYA LEBAR
S OXAL
NISM
TAMPINES AVE 10
PANDAN LOOP
TUAS S OUTH AVE 3
WOODLANDS LINK
TUAS INCINERATOR
SenokoS A R F I 90 – 11 .2S A R F I 80 – 6 .1S A R F I 70 – 4 .6
Paya LebarS A R F I 90 – 13S A R F I 80 – 12 .1S A R F I 70 – 7 .1
T ampinesS A R F I 90 – 13 .2S A R F I 80 – 10 .9S A R F I 70 – 9 .2
K allang BasinS A R F I 90 – 13 .2S A R F I 80 – 11S A R F I 70 – 6 .6
K g J avaS A R F I 90 – 12 .9S A R F I 80 – 10 .7S A R F I 70 – 6 .5
LabradorS A R F I 90 – 14 .7S A R F I 80 – 11 .1S A R F I 70 – 6 .8
Ayer RajahS A R F I 90 – 13 .4S A R F I 80 – 10 .9S A R F I 70 – 8 .0
P SerayaS A R F I 90 – 13 .3S A R F I 80 – 11S A R F I 70 – 9 .5
J urong PierS A R F I 90 – 13 .7S A R F I 80 – 10 .7S A R F I 70 – 10 .6
U pp J urongS A R F I 90 – 12 .9S A R F I 80 – 11S A R F I 70 – 6 .5
C hoa C hu K angS A R F I 90 – 13 .3S A R F I 80 – 10 .8S A R F I 70 – 10 .7
22kV SA R F I M A P
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Integrated Monitoring System (e.g. PQView and PQWeb)
Substations
PQ DataManagementSystem
Server
PQMonitoringDatabase
Internet/Intranet/Dialup System(TCP/IP)
Smart Relays
T X /RX
DiagOK
AlarmPowe
r
DFRs
T X /RX
DiagOK
AlarmPowe
r
Hub
Gateway
Workstations
PQ Monitors RevenueMeters
PQ Monitor
Facilities
Hub
PQ Monitors
PQ Monitor
Panel Meters
InfoNodeInfoNode
Account Representatives
Plant Managers
DistributionEngineers