RealismRealism

Chapter 24-4Chapter 24-4

Characteristics of Characteristics of RealismRealism

Belief that Literature and Art should Belief that Literature and Art should depict life as it really wasdepict life as it really was

Something of a reaction to the failed Something of a reaction to the failed revolutions of 1848-49 and loss of revolutions of 1848-49 and loss of idealismidealism

Remember…Romanticism was highly Remember…Romanticism was highly idealisticidealistic

Realism in LiteratureRealism in Literature

France: France: Honore de BalzacHonore de Balzac (1799-1850) (1799-1850) The Human Comedy:The Human Comedy: depicts urban society depicts urban society

as grasping, amoral, brutal (characterized as grasping, amoral, brutal (characterized by Darwinian struggle for wealth and powerby Darwinian struggle for wealth and power

Gustave Flaubert Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880)(1821-1880) Madame BovaryMadame Bovary: portrays the provincial : portrays the provincial

middle class as petty, smug, hypocriticalmiddle class as petty, smug, hypocritical

Realism in literature Realism in literature France France

continuedcontinued

Emile ZolaEmile Zola (1840-1902) (1840-1902) Germinal:Germinal: showed the hard life of showed the hard life of

young miners in southern Franceyoung miners in southern France Portrayed the seemy, animalistic Portrayed the seemy, animalistic

view of working-class lifeview of working-class life

Realism in Literature: Realism in Literature: EnglandEngland

George Eliot George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans) 1819- (Mary Ann Evans) 1819-18801880 Examined the ways that people are shaped Examined the ways that people are shaped

by their class as well as their inner by their class as well as their inner strivings, conflicts, moral choicesstrivings, conflicts, moral choices

Tomas HardyTomas Hardy (1840-1928) (1840-1928) Tess of the d’UrbervillesTess of the d’Urbervilles: Portrayed a : Portrayed a

woman who was ostracized for having woman who was ostracized for having premarital sexpremarital sex

Realism in Literature: Realism in Literature: RussiaRussia

Leo TolstoyLeo Tolstoy (1828-1910) (1828-1910) The greatest Russian RealistThe greatest Russian Realist Fatalistic view of history BUT Fatalistic view of history BUT

regarded love, trust, family ties as regarded love, trust, family ties as life’s enduring valueslife’s enduring values

War and Peace: Story of Russian War and Peace: Story of Russian Society during the Napoleonic WarsSociety during the Napoleonic Wars

Realism in Literature: Realism in Literature: ScandinaviaScandinavia

Henrik IbsenHenrik Ibsen (1828-1906) (1828-1906) Father of Modern DramaFather of Modern Drama His plays examined the conditions of His plays examined the conditions of

life and issues of morality…often at life and issues of morality…often at odds with the Victorian views of the odds with the Victorian views of the dayday

Realism in ArtRealism in Art

The most important artists of the 19The most important artists of the 19thth and 20and 20thth centuries created art for centuries created art for art’s sakeart’s sake This includes the Romantic PeriodThis includes the Romantic Period Did not rely on patrons but sold their Did not rely on patrons but sold their

work to the publicwork to the public

Remember: Renaissance and Baroque Remember: Renaissance and Baroque did depend on patrons: Church, nobilitydid depend on patrons: Church, nobility

Realism in Art Realism in Art continuedcontinued

France was still the center of the art France was still the center of the art worldworld

Artists sent their work to the Paris Salon Artists sent their work to the Paris Salon to be judged by a distinguished panelto be judged by a distinguished panel

Realists did not idealize life: portrayed Realists did not idealize life: portrayed life as it really waslife as it really was

Ordinary folk became the subjects of Ordinary folk became the subjects of many paintingsmany paintings

Sometimes work rejected by the Salon Sometimes work rejected by the Salon because it was too mundanebecause it was too mundane

Gustave Courbet coined the Gustave Courbet coined the term, “realism” term, “realism” The Stone The Stone

BreakersBreakers

Francios Millet The Francios Millet The GleanersGleaners

Honore Daumier Honore Daumier Third Third Class CarriageClass Carriage

Edgar Degas Edgar Degas Laundry Girls Laundry Girls IroningIroning

Edouard ManetEdouard Manet

Considered the first modernist painterConsidered the first modernist painter Bridged realism to impressionismBridged realism to impressionism Portrayal of female nudes was Portrayal of female nudes was

shocking!shocking!

Luncheon on the GrassLuncheon on the Grass: park setting. : park setting. Female nude and two clothed malesFemale nude and two clothed males

OlympiaOlympia: casual nude portrayal of a : casual nude portrayal of a prosttituteprosttitute

ManetManet

ManetManet