Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading....
-
Upload
maria-mason -
Category
Documents
-
view
212 -
download
0
Transcript of Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading....
![Page 1: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Gerunds
![Page 2: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Reading is pleasant.We have a fondness of reading.
He gives attention to reading.
I love reading.We learn by reading.
Gerund
![Page 3: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
English = -ingDifferent from “–Ing Participle” because of the way it acts.
Gerund acts like a NOUNShe is desirous of reading.
“–Ing Participle” acts like an ADJECTIVEThe woman reading is my aunt.
Gerund = Verbal Noun
donuts.
pretty woman
![Page 4: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Gerunds are always:NeuterSingularActive
Nominative = InfinitiveReading is pleasant.Legere est iucundum.
Gerund = Verbal Noun
![Page 5: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
All other cases use the same form as the Future Passive Participle.
2nd PP – RE + ND + endingsGenitive = legendīDative = legendōAccusative = legendumAblative = legendō
Gerund = Verbal Noun
of readingto/for
readingreading
by reading
![Page 6: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Reading is pleasant.We have a fondness of reading.
He gives attention to reading.
I love reading.We learn by reading.
Gerund = Verbal Noun
![Page 7: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Legere est iucundum.We have a fondness of reading.
He gives attention to reading.
I love reading.We learn by reading.
Gerund = Verbal Noun
![Page 8: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Legere est iucundum.Habemus studium legendī.
He gives attention to reading.
I love reading.We learn by reading.
Gerund = Verbal Noun
![Page 9: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Legere est iucundum.Habemus studium legendī.
Operam dat legendō.I love reading.We learn by reading.
Gerund = Verbal Noun
![Page 10: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Legere est iucundum.Habemus studium legendī.
Operam dat legendō.Amo legendum.We learn by reading.
Gerund = Verbal Noun
![Page 11: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Legere est iucundum.Habemus studium legendī.
Operam dat legendō.Amo legendum.Discimus legendō.
Gerund = Verbal Noun
![Page 12: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
1st Conjugation
NOM amāreGEN amandīDAT amandōACCamandumABL amandō
2nd Conjugation
NOM vidēreGEN videndīDAT videndōACCvidendumABL videndō
![Page 13: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
3rd Conjugation
NOM ducereGEN ducendīDAT ducendōACCducendum
ABL ducendō
4th Conjugation
NOM audīreGENaudiendī
DAT audiendōACCaudiendum
ABL audiendō
![Page 14: Reading is pleasant. We have a fondness of reading. He gives attention to reading. I love reading. We learn by reading.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649ccc5503460f949954fd/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Ad + ACCUSATIVE“for the purpose of…”
GENITIVE + causā / gratiā“for the sake of…”
He went to the library to read.Ivit ad bibliothecam ad legendum.Ivit ad bibliothecam legendī causā.Ivit ad bibliothecam legendī gratiā.
PURPOSE using Gerunds