Reading Comprehension Skills -Common Core State Standards Participants Training Book
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Transcript of Reading Comprehension Skills -Common Core State Standards Participants Training Book
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Reading Comprehension Skills -Common Core State Standards
Participants Training Book
Name_________________________________
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• Understanding text structures prepare students to become writers.
Therefore:
In the development of this training, it became very clear that – Comprehension Skills , are embedded in the genre’s text structure.
Key Points of Training:
In this training, we will learn…
• how to recognize Comprehension Skills, as integrated components of Text Structures.
Key Take-Aways:
• Comprehension skills are not isolated from text structures.
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A skill is the learned capacity to carry out pre-determined results.
Skills are evidenced by an end product.
A strategy is a plan of action designed to achieve a specific goal.
Strategies are evidenced by an on-going process.
Strategy Assembly Line
Product
Skill
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Reading comprehension skills are an extension of the function (purpose and language) of a text’s structure.
Reading comprehension skills create a vehicle that allows students to construct meaning within a specific genre structure. 1
What is a Reading Comprehension Skill?
1“Students who are taught to identify the structure of expository and narrative text have been found to have better comprehension than students who have not received such instruction.” (Taylor, 1992)
2“Students must be able to read and comprehend independently and proficiently the kinds of complex texts commonly found in college and careers.” ~ Common Core State
Text Structure
The Common Core State Standards require students to recognize text structures that are specific to genre on a continuum of increasing complexity.2
Text Structure is a qualitative measure on the CCSSText Complexity Continuum.
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5 Steps to…Selecting a Comprehension Skill
Comprehension skills should. . .
2Support the
Genre
3Parallel the
Text Structure
4Connect
Reading to Writing
5Assessment
Matches Depth of Knowledge
1CCSS
Standard
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Grade 3 Reading… Common Core Standards
Example: Reading LiteratureRL.3.2 Recount stories, including fables, folktales, and myths from diverse cultures; determine the central message, lesson, or moral and explain how it is conveyed through key details in the text.
Example: Informational ReadingRI.3.3 Describe the relationship between a series of historical events, scientific ideas or concepts, or steps in technical procedures in a text, using language that pertains to time, sequence, and cause/effect.
1CCSS
Standard
Comprehension Skills align with the CCSS genre.
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2Support the
Genre
Example of Grade 3, CCSS Reading and Writing Genres
Grade 3 CCSS Reading GenreLiterary Genres Informational Genres
Stories Historic Non-Fiction
Story Series Science Non-fiction
Fables Technical Writing
Folktales Graphs
Culturally Diverse Myths Maps
Narratives
Songs
Drama
Poems
Grade 3 CCSS Writing GenreDescriptive Informative/Explanatory
Narrative Short Research Projects
Personal Narrative Persuasive/Opinion
CCSS Text Exemplar Lists
Comprehension Skills are determined by the genre’s structure.
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Literary Story Elements Informational Text StructuresCharacters Cause and Effect
Setting Sequence
Problem/Solution Compare and Contrast
Plot Description
Problem and Solution
Non-fiction text is written with an emphasis on the function or purpose of the text.
Fictional text is written with an emphasis on story elements, however; literary text contain one or more text structures found in informational text.
3Parallel the
Text Structure
Text Structure with Literacy Leader
Common Genre Structures and Patterns of TextComprehension Skills are titled after text structures.
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4Connect
Reading to Writing
Cause and EffectEffectCause
Text structures - have specific graphic organizers that parallel the reading comprehension skills. Graphic organizers prepare students to write.
Writing to Read
Comprehension Skills graphic organizers are titled after text structures.
Evidence of skill understanding should match its highest…
Depth of Knowledge (DOK)5
Assessment Matches Depth of Knowledge
Common Genre Structures and Patterns of Text
Informational Text Structures
Cause and Effect
Sequence
Compare and Contrast
Description
Problem and Solution
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2 Skills and ConceptsApplication
I am asking students to solve problems for new situations by applying learned knowledge, facts or rules in a different way.
Learning about the structure of stories provides readers with a schema they can use when reading or listening to a new story or writing a story on their own.~ Akimi Gibson
Comprehension Skills have a Depth of Knowledge following text structures.
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How do the 5 Steps
work together?
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5 Steps to Bringing It All Together!
1.CCSS
Standard
2Support
the Genre
3Parallel
the Text Structure
4Connect
Reading to Writing
5Assessment
Matches Depth of
Knowledge
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Bringing It All Together
1. Select your CCSS Reading Standard.
2. Select the genre.
RL.3.2 Recount stories, including fables, folktales, and myths from diverse cultures; determine the central message, lesson, or moral and explain how it is conveyed through key details in the text.
1. CCSS
Standard
Fable
RL.3.2 Recount stories, including fables, folktales, and myths from diverse cultures…..
2Support
the Genre
3. Select the genre’s text structure.
Cause and Effect
3Parallel
the Text Structure
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Bringing It All Together [cont…]
4. Select a graphic organizer.
5. Select an assessment to match the DOK.
Cause and EffectEffectCause
4Connect
Reading to Writing
5Assessment
Matches Depth of
KnowledgeWebb’s Depth of Knowledge 2 - Skills and Concepts
Application
I am asking students to solve problems for new situations by applying learned knowledge, facts or rules in a different way.
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2. Genre Fable 3. Structure Cause and Effect
4. Graphic OrganizerCause and Effect Chart
5. DOK Assessment 2 - Application
Selecting a Comprehension Skill - is dependent on the genre’s text structure.
Which box is the “comprehension skill?”
RL.3.2 Recount stories, including fables, folktales, and myths from diverse cultures; determine the central message, lesson, or moral and explain how it is conveyed through key details in the text
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Genre ________________ Structure ________________
Graphic Organizer________________
DOK Assessment _____________________
Instructional Comprehension Skill Planning Tool.
Standard: RI.3.3 Describe the relationship between a series of historical events, scientific ideas or concepts, or steps in technical procedures in a text, using language that pertains to time, sequence, and cause/effect.
Use the following resource pages to complete this graph.
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Resources - to help select comprehension skills.
1.CCSS
Standard
Instruction of comprehension skills begins with knowing the Common Core State Standards.
CCSS require students to read complex texts, about them, write about them, discuss them, analyze them, and make connections between them. Comprehension skills are the link to constructing meaning of text.
Common Core State Standards
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2Support
the Genre
Text Structures Possible Reading GenresCause and EffectCause/effect-The author delineates one or more causes and then describes the ensuing effects.
Sophisticated NarrativesRealistic FictionInformational TextEvent Building Stories
Fictional Narratives
SequenceThe author uses numerical or chronological order to list items or events.
MemoirsAutobiographicalFairy TalesFolk TalesStory SeriesHistorical Events
FantasyFablesMythsScience FictionRealistic FictionOral Histories
Compare and ContrasThe author compares and contrasts two or more similar events, topics, or objects.
Historic Non-Fiction & FictionScience Non-FictionSocial Studies Non-Fiction
DescriptionThe author describes a topic.
Informational Texts and BooksRiddle BooksPoemsProse
Problem and SolutionThe author poses a problem or question and then gives the answer.
Realistic FictionInformational WritingArgumentsScientific Reports and Research
Some Folk Tales
Matching Reading Genre to Text Structure
Know text structures. Text structures parallel comprehension skills and language functions.
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Text Structures as….. Comprehension SkillsCause and Effect
Cause and Effect Sub-Categories Cause and Effect
Predicting OutcomesPredictionInference Inferences
Drawing ConclusionsDrawing Conclusions
Sequence Sequence Sub-Categories Sequencing
Main Idea and Details Main IdeaNote TakingFollowing Directions
Story StructureText OrganizationSummarizing Summarizing
Compare and Contrast
Compare and Contrast Sub-Categories Compare and Contrast
Fantasy and RealismFact and Opinion Facts and Opinions Supporting FactsAnalyzing *
Description Description Sub-Categories
GeneralizationsCategorizeClassify
Reports Arranged by Categories
Problem and Solution
Problem and Solution Sub-Categories
EvaluatingPropagandaMaking JudgmentsAuthor’s Purpose Point of View
InterpretationHypothesis *
3Parallel the
Text Structure
Text Structures as Comprehension Skills
Know the Sub-Groups of the common text structures. These are your comprehension skill parallels!
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Text Structures Graphic OrganizersCause and Effect•Prediction•Inferences•Conclusions
WheelChain ProcessCause = EffectFishboneGoal-Reasons Web
Process-Cause-Effect
Sequence•Main idea and details•Note taking•Following directions•Story structure•Text organization•Summarizing
TimelineFlow ChartEvent DiagramsY-ChartLadder GraphGarden GateStory Maps
Star ChartCycle DiagramE-ChartTree ChartSandwich ChartTic-Tac-ToeSequence Chart
Compare and Contrast•Fact and opinion•fantasy and realism•Analyzing*
Venn DiagramT-ChartCompare/Contrast MatrixFact and Opinion ChartComparison Chart
Perspectives ChartDouble Bubble
Description•Generalizations•Categorize/classify•Arranging
ISP Chart (information - sources - page)Observation ChartSense ChartKWS Chart
Classification Chart
Problem and Solution•Propaganda•Evaluating•Judgments•Author’s purpose•Interpretation•Hypothesis
Spiral EffectsDecision Making DiagramProblem-Solution ChartPersuasion MapRanking ChartsIf-Then ChartsSynectics Organizers
Scientific Method ChartsDecision Making GraphicHistorical InvestigationInvention GraphicProblem Solving
4Connect
Reading to Writing
Know which Graphic Organizers - signify specific text structures. These are your instructional formats to teach comprehension skills.
Graphic Organizers Guide Comprehension Skill Instruction
•Graphic Organizers and Uses•Eduplace Graphic Organizers
•Write Design Graphic Organizers•Marzano Graphic Organizers
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1 Recall and ReproductionKnowledge
I am asking students to remember previously learned material by recalling facts, terms, concepts or answers.
Comprehension
I am asking students to show me understanding by organizing, comparing, giving descriptions and stating a main idea.
2 Skills and ConceptsApplication
I am asking students to solve problems for new situations by applying learned knowledge, facts or rules in a different way.3 Short term Strategic Thinking‐Analysis
I am asking students to examine and break apart information into parts by looking at motives, causes and relationships.
Evaluation
I am asking students to present and defend an opinion or make a judgment based on a set of criteria
4 Extended ThinkingSynthesis
I am asking students to put information together in a different way by combining elements in a new pattern or proposing a different solution.
5Skill Matches
Depth of Knowledge Depth of Knowledge & Bloom’s
Assess comprehension skills at the standard’s Depth of Knowledge.
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Literary DOKs K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-10 11-12
Standard 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 3
Standard 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 4
Standard 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3
Standard 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3
Standard 5 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 3 3
Standard 6 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Standard 7 2 1 2 2 3 2 2 3 4 4 4
Standard 8 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Standard 9 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Standard 10 Read and comprehend complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently.
Informational DOKs K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-10 11-12
Standard 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Standard 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 3 4
Standard 3 3 3 3 2 3 4 3 3 3 3 3
Standard 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3
Standard 5 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3
Standard 6 2 2 2 3 4 4 3 4 3 3 3
Standard 7 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 4 3 3 4
Standard 8 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 4
Standard 9 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Standard 10 Read and comprehend complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently.
Webb's Depth of Knowledge Guide
Depth of Knowledge Chart K - 12
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Webb’s and Bloom’s Reference Chart
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Summary
Did we achieve…
Is it clear why…
• how to recognize Comprehension Skills, as integrated components of Text Structures?
• understanding text structures prepare students to become writers?
• comprehension skills are not isolated from text structures?
CELEBRATE!
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Next Steps…• Comprehension Skill Instruction• Reading Strategies Guide the Way
Goodbye