Read pages 545 - 550 of Hamblin for details on the tectonic movements along Transform Boundaries....
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Transcript of Read pages 545 - 550 of Hamblin for details on the tectonic movements along Transform Boundaries....
![Page 1: Read pages 545 - 550 of Hamblin for details on the tectonic movements along Transform Boundaries. Other Continental Transform Fault boundaries: Dead Sea,](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070407/56649e205503460f94b0bd27/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Read pages 545 - 550 of Hamblin for details on the tectonic movements along Transform Boundaries. Other Continental Transform Fault boundaries: Dead Sea, New Zealand: the Southern Alps.
![Page 2: Read pages 545 - 550 of Hamblin for details on the tectonic movements along Transform Boundaries. Other Continental Transform Fault boundaries: Dead Sea,](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070407/56649e205503460f94b0bd27/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Far from Plate boundaries, the movement of plates and earth’s internal heat together produce a new set of landforms. These are produced at the Hot Spots above the mantle plumes.
Latest addition to the theory: in 1963 from observations in Hawaii. Volcanoes are progressively older along the direction of plate movement.
mantle plume
![Page 3: Read pages 545 - 550 of Hamblin for details on the tectonic movements along Transform Boundaries. Other Continental Transform Fault boundaries: Dead Sea,](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070407/56649e205503460f94b0bd27/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Hot spots do not drift with the plates. They are rooted deep in the mantle.
The lava erupted here are different from the ones produced at divergent plate boundaries: derived from deep in the mantle
Plumes rise from 400 -- 700 km below
Plumes carry materials of significantly higher temperatures (200ºc) than the mantle; ther rise from the base of the mantle; they are driven by internal heat;they lose heat with time (about 100 million years): temporary features.(Read pages 586 - 598 of Hamblin, but you may reduce the contents)
![Page 4: Read pages 545 - 550 of Hamblin for details on the tectonic movements along Transform Boundaries. Other Continental Transform Fault boundaries: Dead Sea,](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070407/56649e205503460f94b0bd27/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Iceland lies at the intersection of Mid-Atlantic Ridge but also sits on a mantle plume which makes the volcanic material different from the usual basaltic rocks of the mid-oceanic ridges.
60 million years ago
Today
30 million years ago
![Page 5: Read pages 545 - 550 of Hamblin for details on the tectonic movements along Transform Boundaries. Other Continental Transform Fault boundaries: Dead Sea,](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070407/56649e205503460f94b0bd27/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
(Read pages 41 - 42 of Hamblin)
Plates and Plate Motion
Earth’s major features, rocks, structures can be understood from the interactions of the plates in the tectonic system1. Divergent margins: being pulled apart: marked by oceanic ridges2. North and South American plates are moving westward: interacting with Pacific, Juan de Fuca, Cocos, and Nazca plates3. Pacific plate is moving NW: deep sea trenches in western Pacific basin4. Australian plate, includes Australia, India and NE Indian Ocean: moving Northward: produced Himalayan Ranges, Volcanic Arcs of Indonesia5. African Plate, including Africa, SE Atlantic and W. Indian ocean: moving Northward: colliding with Eurasian plate6. Eurasian plate moving eastward7. Antarctic plate: includes Antarctica and floor of Antarctic Ocean: surrounded by oceanic ridges
![Page 6: Read pages 545 - 550 of Hamblin for details on the tectonic movements along Transform Boundaries. Other Continental Transform Fault boundaries: Dead Sea,](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070407/56649e205503460f94b0bd27/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)