Jordan 1999 - How to Read a Journal Article in Social Psychology - EnG
Read Eng Hour
Transcript of Read Eng Hour
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Tahap 1 English Hour
Ministry of Education Malaysia
Curriculum Development Department
The English Hour
Training Module
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Reading as Backbone of The English Hour
The National English Hour has as its base a reading
programme based on an established reading scheme.
The aim of the National English Hour is to bring upattainment levels in English, beginning with Tahap 1.
The English Hour
The MOE uses 2 schemes:- The Ladybird Series
- The Sound Start Series
Tahap 1 English Hour
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The PPKs structured reading reading programme or The English Hour is
based on the model used in the UKs Literacy Hour programme.
The Literacy Hour of 60 minutes is organised as shown below.
The English Hour
The English Hour
Summing
up
Guided Reading or
Writing andIndependent Work Focused Word Work
pronunciation, spelling,word attack skills
Shared Reading orShared Writing
15 mins
15 mins
10 mins
20 mins
Review, reflect, consolidate, what
has been taught during the lesson
Teacher reads abook together with
the pupils
Teacher works with 2
groups per day on aspecific area that
needs attention.
Other pupils will do word or
sentence level work, or
independent reading
Phonics/Pronunciation,
grammar, spelling and
meanings of words
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
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A 4-Step Activity Hour
Step 1: Shared Reading15 mins
Step 2: Focused Word Work15 mins
Step 3: Guided Reading
20 mins
Step 4: Plenary Summing-up10 mins
The English Hour Comprises:
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3
4
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Summing up
Guided Reading orWriting andIndependent Work
Focused Word Work pronunciation, spelling,
word attack skills
Shared Reading or
Shared Writing
15 mins
15 mins
10 mins
20 mins
Review, reflect, consolidate, what has
been taught during the lesson
Teacher reads
a booktogether with
the pupils
Teacher works with 2
groups per day on a
specific area that needs
attention.
Other pupils will do word or
sentence level work, orindependent reading
Phonics/Pronunciation,
grammar, spelling andmeanings of words
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Tahap 1 English Hour
Review
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hour Teacher-Pupil
Interaction
Summing up
Guided Reading
or IndependentWork Focused WordWork
Shared Reading
15 mins
15 mins
10 mins
20 mins
hour indivi
dualwork
hour Teacher-Pupil
Interaction
hour Teacher-Pupil
Interaction
High Quality Teacher Interaction
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The Literacy Hour of 60 minutes can be divided intotwo 30 minute periods, only if time-tabling is a problem.
Two Part English Hour of 30 Minutes Each
The English Hour
Tahap 1 English Hour
Summing up
Guided Reading or
Writing andIndependent Work Focused Word Work
pronunciation, spelling,word attack skills
Shared Reading orShared Writing
15 mins
15 mins
10 mins
20 mins
Review, reflect, consolidate, what
has been taught during the lesson
Teacher reads abook together with
the pupils
Teacher works with 2
groups per day on aspecific area that
needs attention.
Other pupils will do word or
sentence level work, or
independent reading
Phonics/Pronunciation,
grammar, spelling and
meanings of words
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Repeat
shared
reading
5 mins
Summing up
5 mins
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What it is
The Management of the English Hour contains: a time structure a class management structure
In the English hour, classroom time is structured into set
activities every 15 to 20 minutes. Teachers spend the timereading with the pupils either as a whole class or in groups
and pupils are not asked to cope with reading on their own
before they are ready.
The class routine is clear and predictable and pupils knowwhat is expected of them.
The common structure allows teachers to share lesson
plans, especially when it involves a particular book.
The advantage for teachers
The advantage for pupils
The English Hour
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Time Allotment
The English Hour
Pupils are interacting with the teacher of the time and doing
individual work only of the time.
Pupil-teacher interaction takes place during the shared reading,
focused word work and plenary sessions.
Summing
up
GuidedReading orIndependentWork
FocusedWordWork
SharedReading
15 mins
15 mins
10 mins
20 mins
hour
Teacher-PupilInteraction
hourindividualwork
The interaction is of high quality because teachers have planned out whatthey have to do and how they will occupy every minute of the lesson.
Because the time is so structured, there is a sense of urgency,
the pace is lively and pupils are on their toes every second of
the time hence there is said to be high pupil engagement.Tahap 1 English Hour
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Shared Reading - 15 mins
The teacher uses one big book or poster of a story and sitstogether with the class. Everyone can see the text and the
illustrations (pictures).
The book chosen for shared reading is one pupils are not able
to read on their own.
The teacher makes pupils read one or two words where they
can.
In shared reading pupils see how good reading is done.
Later they will be able to read on their own from the example
given by the teacher in the shared reading.
Step 1 The English Hour
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Shared Reading - 15 mins
The atmosphere is accepting and non-threatening. Mistakes areaccepted and corrected without the pupil being aware of it.
The teacher shows how good expressive reading is done. The
teacher reads slowly word by word. She does not rush
through.
The teacher reads word by word and points clearly to the word
that s/he is reading. S/he may read a sentence more than
once.
The teacher reads in a loud clear voice with good pronunciation
and intonation.
The teacher dramatises the text. She is sad when the person in
the story is sad and happy when the person is happy.
Step 1 The English Hour
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Shared Reading - 15 mins
The teacher focuses on:
- comprehension understand the storyline
- the progress and sequence of the story
- characters in the story
- meanings of words
In addition, teachers develop self-help strategies in pupils, i.e.
- word level skills- use of reading cues to check on meaning
- identify and self-correct errors
Shared reading provides a situation for developing pupils:
- grammatical awareness
- understanding of sentence construction- punctuation
Apart from showing pupils how to read well, and developing
strategies (cues) used, the teacher uses this time for teaching
grammar, punctuation and vocabulary work as the sharedreading progresses to focused word work.
The English Hour
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Focused Word Work - 15 mins
The teacher teaches the sound system of English. Pupils need
to understand that letters in English (especially vowels) do not
carry the same sound as Bahasa Malaysia.
Pupils must be able to hear and tell the difference and
regularities in sounds of letters and blends of letters.
In the very early stages
word recognition, i.e. able to recognise a certain
number of key words that they have met beforevocabulary work, i.e. able to understand
the meanings of a number of key words
understand the sounds of letters
Step 2 The English Hour
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Focused Word Work - 15 mins
Sentence building
Tenses
Refrains Is Pen in the tent, Ben?
Instructions Get up, Hit it!
Requests / permission Can Rob help?
Step 2The English Hour
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In the later stagesspelling and vocabulary
grammar
punctuation
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Focused Word Work - 15 mins
4. Vowel sounds: silent e
like
5. Punctuation: ?, !Bed, Ben! Bed!
Is it Ben in the hut?
The English Hour
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6. Singular/Plural: verbsPen helps mum
Dad and Ben help?
like, likes
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Guided Reading and Independent Work - 20 mins
This time during the English hour:
allows teachers to concentrate on one group each day
allows other pupils to work independently on their
own or in a group - and learn to work independently
Guided Reading
The book chosen is at a level pupils can read on their own i.e.
they can read 95% of the book. The teacher guides and
facilitates the reading when the pupil needs help and offers
praise and encouragement throughout.
Independent Work
Independent reading, writing, grammar work, spelling, etc. Pupils
are trained about what they should be doing and it is important
that they do not disturb the teacher.
Step 3The English Hour
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Independent Work - 20 mins
Activities pupils can do on their own or in small groups are the following:
Independent reading of a text simple enough to read and has
been read before with the teacher
Phonic study and spelling practice
Practice and study of grammar, punctuation and sentence
construction
Vocabulary extension (adding to pupils own stock of
vocabulary) and dictionary work
Understanding sentence building.
During this time, pupils are trained not to interrupt a teacher. If
they come across any difficulty in their work they should rely on
their own resources to solve the problem. This is good practice
for them to become independent learners.
The English Hour
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Doing written work by having to refer to story.
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Plenary - 10 mins
Teacher re-emphasises and reinforces teaching points.
Pupils reflect upon what they have learned and clarify their
thinking.
Pupils revise and practise new skills learned during earlier part ofthe lesson.
Teacher monitors and assesses how much pupils have learnt
and clarifies misconceptions.
Teacher rounds up or sums up main teaching points.
Step 4The English Hour
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Focus of Teaching
The focus of teaching in the English hour is pupils working on
books. The English Hour is the time for the explicit teaching of
reading and writing.
If time is needed for applying new skills learned during theliteracy hour, this time should be taken from elsewhere, such as,
as homework. It should not be taken from the English hour,
which emphasizes quality interaction and active engagement
between teacher and pupils.
Active engagement and high quality interaction means that the
teacher and pupils are always talking to each other or discussing
with each other about the ideas in the story or about spelling,
grammar, pronunciation, etc.
The English Hour
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What Makes the Programme Work
Lots of talk between teacher and pupils during shared readingand focused word work.
Pupils feel valued and important pupils ideas are
encouraged, repeated and extended.
Class time is used to the full pupils know what to do at anytime during the English Hour and the pace of the lesson is brisk
and fast and efficient.
Teachers are confident about what they are doing they
understand the programme well; they know what they have toachieve in terms of what pupils should be able to do as they go
through the programme.
Expectation of success. Teachers have no doubt in their minds
that the programme will succeed. Pupils also expect to do well.
The English Hour
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High Motivation and Active Engagement of Pupils
Teacher guides pupils every step of the way: Pupils alwaysknow what they have to do at any point in the lesson. Teacher
draws attention to important aspects of phonics (sounds),
spelling, pronunciation grammar and meaning of words,
phrases and sentences.
Teacher shows pupils how to do something
(demonstrates) e.g. how to pronounce or sound out
words, blends, etc. that are common to several words.
Teacher models, i.e. performs something as it should bedone, i.e. become a good example.
Teachers listens and responds to pupils: encourage
pupils to talk, give ideas and opinions, accepts pupils ideas
and opinions and flesh out these ideas and opinions.
The English Hour
Tahap 1 English Hour