RE Mini-Grid: The Indian Experience

Amit Kumar

TERI, New Delhi

Outline

• India’s power scenario

• Key Indian programmes

• Indian experience

• TERI’s initiatives

• Smart micro grid at TERI

0

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2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

MW

0.02.04.06.08.010.012.014.016.018.0

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Peak Demand (MW) Peak Met (MW) Percentage shortage

0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

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2007-08

2008-09

MU

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2.0

4.0

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Energy requirement (MU) Energy availability (MU)Percentage shortage

Power scenario in India Energy scenario in India

Increasing gap of energy supply and demand Requirement of additional power generation capacities by 2012: 100,000 MW

India’s Power Scenario

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200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

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2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13

Years

(MU

)

Energy requirement (MU) Energy available (MU)

Scope for large scale penetration of renewable energy sources

Scope of distributed generation

Sources/ Systems Achievements during 2010-11 (as on 30.06.2010)in MW

Cumulative achievements (MW) as on 30.06.2010

Biomass power (Agro residues)

45.50 901.1

Wind power 202.73 12009.48

Small Hydro Power (up to 25 MW)

31.64 2767.05

Cogeneration-bagasse 67.50 1411.53

Waste to Energy 7.5 72.46

Solar Power 12.28

Sub Total 356.87 17173.9

MNRE, GoI Achievements

Grid-connected RE power

Sources/ Systems Achievements during 2010-11

Cumulative achievements (MW)

Biomass Power/ Cogen.(non-bagasse)

6 MW 238.17 MW

Biomass Gasifier 4 MWeq. 125.44 MWeq.

Waste-to- Energy 6 MWeq. 52.72 MWeq.

Solar PV Power Plants and Street Lights

0.29 MWeq. 8.01 MWp

Aero-Generators/

Hybrid Systems

1.07 MW

Sub-total 16 MWeq. 420.32 MWeq.

Total (Grid-interactive + Off-Grid/Distributed) =17,594.22 MW

Decentralized RE power

• National Solar Mission – Create an enabling policy framework for the deployment of

20,000 MW of solar power by 2022 – Promote programmes for off grid applications, reaching 1000 MW

by 2017 and 2000 MW by 2022 . – Deploy 20 million solar lighting systems for rural areas by 2022.

• Remote Village Electrification Program • Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidhyutikaran Yojana

– Decentralized Distributed Generation (DDG) and Supply – Rural Household Electrification of Below Poverty Line

Households

Key Indian programs

WIND HYDRO

GRID

Stand-alone Solar Systems

1980

Mini Hydro Biomass

Wind

+ Solar

Solar Micro grid

1990 2008

Smart Mini Grid

Evolution of mini-grid system in India Technology trends and Development

Control room Local distribution grid

150kW solar power plant in Sunderban

A typical solar micro-grid in India

20kW biomass gasifier based mini-grid in Odisha

Biomass gasifier based mini-grid

55kW solar PV and 3.5kW wind generating based mini-grid in Sunderbans

Solar wind hybrid system

Wind-diesel hybrid system

• Solar Multi-Utility charging station • Smart micro-grid

TERI’s initiatives

Water purifier

Turmeric grinder

Bamboo splitting

Honey extracting

Battery charger

Solar Lanterns

5kW SMU

Remote monitoring system

Central generating station Transmission Tower

Solar Power plant Wind Generators

Mini grid

Reliability and quality

of power

Requirement of

multiple local

control system

Require effective power

management for power routing

• Smart Mini-grid- an electricity distribution network operating below 11 KV. • It is supplied by a diverse range of small, local, conventional generators,

such as a diesel gensets combined with a range of renewable generators, such as micro-hydro power plants, wind turbines, biomass and solar PV.

Courtesy: TERI

Distributed Generation based smart micro-grid in TERI

• First- of –its- kind project in India • Demonstration of the project by April 2011

First of its kind project in India

…Smart micro-grid in TERI

Charge Controller

Inverter

Generator

Switch Intelligent Load Dispatch

Analog Digital

Interface

Charge Controller

Inverter

Generator

Distributed Generation based Smart Mini-Grid at TERI

…Smart micro-grid in TERI

• Real time data acquisition: acquiring data in mili-seconds • Over 20 parameters (Physical +electrical) at 1000 points acquired and monitored

Data Acquisition system

Load profiling and categorization

Resource profiling

• Simulation, energy resource modeling and optimization of smart mini-grids/ micro-grids

• Load and resource forecasting techniques

• Developing control strategies that allow the distributed generation technologies as well as the load to be optimally managed in any given instance

• Performance assessment of different DG technologies such as solar, wind, biomass gasifier, and energy storage

• Policy, regulatory and financial aspects

TERI’s expertise

akumar@teri.res.in www.teriin.org

Thank You!