RCS 6080 Medical and Psychosocial Aspects of Rehabilitation Counseling Medical Terminology.
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Transcript of RCS 6080 Medical and Psychosocial Aspects of Rehabilitation Counseling Medical Terminology.
RCS 6080 Medical and Psychosocial Aspects of
Rehabilitation Counseling
Medical Terminology
POSITION IN TIME OR SPACEPre- means before or in front of
prenatal: before birth
Peri- means around or aboutperinatal: around the time of the birthperithoratic: around the thorax
Post- means behind, after, or followingpostnatal: following birthposterior: toward the back
POSITION IN TIME OR SPACE
Ab- means away fromabnormal: away from normal
abduction: drawing away from the mid-line of the body by the arm or leg
Circum- means aroundcircumaticular: around a joint
QUANTITATIVE INFORMATION
A- or An- means withoutanorexia: without appetite
anoxia: without enough oxygen
Hemi- means halfhemiplegia: paralysis of one lateral half of the body
QUANTITATIVE INFORMATION
Diplo- means doublediploplia: double vision
Quad- means fourquadriplegia: paralysis of all four extremities
QUALITATIVE INFORMATION
Mal- means bad or illmalfunction: defective functioning
malocclusion: faulty positioning of the upper or lower teeth in relation to the other
Eu- means good or healthyeuphoria: sense of well-being or condition of good health
euthanasia: easy or painless death
SAMENESS AND DIFFERENCE
Hetero- means differentheterogeneous: differing in kinds or nature
heterosexual: sexual orientation directed to the opposite sex
Homo- means samehomogeneous: of the same kind
homosexual: sexual orientation directed to the same sex
PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES
Micro- means smallmicrocephalia: abnormal smallness of the head
micromelia: abnormal smallness or shortness of the extremities
Brachy- means shortbrachycephalia: having a short head
brachydactylia: having abnormally short fingers and toes
PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES
Oxy- means pointed or sharpoxycephaly: having a high and pointed head
Albo- means whitealbinism: absence of pigmentation
FORM ADJECTIVES
-al means pertaining toperitoneal: pertaining to the peritoneum
arterial: pertaining to an artery
-ible or -able means abilitydigestible: capable of being digested
operable: subject to being operated
EXPRESS DIMINUTIVE SIZE
A number of suffixes serve this purpose, including -cule, -icle, -ium, -ole, -ule, and variations
diverticulum: a small outpocketing from a hollow organ
arteriole: a small artery
granule: a small grain
INDICATE A SURGICAL PROCEDURE
-ectomy means removal of an organ or partappendectomy: removal of the appendix
-lysis means loosening, usually of adhesions
cardiolysis: freeing of the heart of pericardial adhesions
INDICATE A SURGICAL PROCEDURE
-ostomy means an operation in which an artificial opening is formed between two hollow organs or between one or more such viscera and the abdominal wall for discharge of intestinal content or urine
colostomy: the surgical creation of an opening between the colon and the exterior of the body
-pexy means fixationnephropexy: the surgical attachment of a floating kidney
INDICATE A SURGICAL PROCEDURE
-plasty means plastic surgeryblepharoplasty: plastic surgery of the eyelids
-rrhaphy means suture or operative repairtenorrhaphy: the suturing of a tendon
-scopy means viewing or examining, usually with an instrument
endoscopy: visual inspection of any body cavity by means of an endoscope
INDICATE A SURGICAL PROCEDURE
-tomy means cutting or incisionlaparotomy: the surgical opening of the abdomen
-tripsy means the intentional surgical crushing of a structure
lithotripsy: the disintegration of a kidney stone by a high-energy shockwave
EXPRESS CONDITIONS OR CHANGES
-mania means excessive excitement or obsessive preoccupation
pyromania: an irrational compulsion to set fires
-sis means an action, process, or conditionsilicosis: a fibrotic disorder of the lungs following inhalation of dust containing silicon dioxide
thoracentesis: surgical puncture of the chest wall for removal of fluid
EXPRESS CONDITIONS OR CHANGES
-itis means inflammationappendicitis: an inflammation of the appendix
BASIC TERMS
-algia means painneuralgia
angio- means blood vesselangiogram
ante- means beforeantecubital
BASIC TERMS
arth- means jointarthroscopy
blephar- means eyelidblepharospasm
cardi- means heartelectrocardiogram
BASIC TERMS
-cele means either a swelling or a herniavaricocele, rectocele
cerebro- means cerebrumcerebral
chole- means gall or bilecholecystectomy
BASIC TERMS
chondr- means cartilagechondrocostal
contra- means opposed tocontraception
cost- means ribintercostal
BASIC TERMS
cysto- means bladdercystitis
-desis means fusionarthrodesis
derm- means skindermatology
BASIC TERMS
dys- means difficult or abnormaldyspnea
ect- means outsideectomorph
-ectomy means removalsplenectomy
BASIC TERMS
-emia means condition of the bloodpolycythemia
enceph- means brainencephalitis
end- means withinendocrine
BASIC TERMS
enter- means intestineenterostomy
epi- means upon or aboveepithelium
-genic means giving rise topsychogenic
BASIC TERMS
glyco- means sugarglycosuria
hemi- means halfhemiplegia
hepat- means liverhepatitis
BASIC TERMS
hyper- means in excesshypertension
hyster- means uterushysterectomy
-iosis means a pathological conditionamebiosis
BASIC TERMS
-itis means inflammationtonsillitis
luek- means whiteleukocyte
lip- means fathyperlipemia
BASIC TERMS
-lith means stonenephrolithiasis
-megaly means a state of largenesshepatomegaly
myel- means either bone marrow or spinal cordmyelocyte
BASIC TERMS
myo- means musclemyocardium
neph- means kidneynephrosis
-oid means resemblingthyroid
BASIC TERMS
-oma means tumor or swellingcarcinoma
-oscopy means visual examinationlaparoscopy
-osis means disease process or conditionnecrosis
BASIC TERMSosteo- means bone
osteoarthritis
-ostomy means creation of an artificial opening in an organ
tracheostomy
-otomy means incisioncraniotomy
BASIC TERMS
para- means near, alongside, beyond, or outsideparavertebral
-pathy means disease ofcardiomyopathy
-penia means lack ofleukopenia
BASIC TERMS
-plasty means reparative or reconstructive surgeryrhinoplasty
pneumo- means airpneumothorax
pre- means beforeprecancerous
BASIC TERMS
pro- means in front of or beforeprognathism
proct- means rectum or anusproctology
-ptosis means lowering of an organ or partnephroptosis
BASIC TERMS
pyel- means pelvispyelogram
pyo- means puspyorrhea
spondyl- means vertebraspondylolysis
BASIC TERMS
sub- means undersubmandibular
super- means above or excessivesupersensitivity
supra- means abovesupraventricular
BASIC TERMS
syn- means togethersynarthrosis
trans- means acrosstransurethral
tri- means threetriceps
LANDMARKSlateral - to the side (used in contradistinction to medial)
medial - to the center
superior - above (used in contradistinction to inferior)
inferior - below
LANDMARKSanterior - before or in front (used in contradistinction to posterior)
posterior - behind or in back
dorsal - pertaining to the back (used in contradistinction to ventral)
ventral - pertaining to the front or abdominal surface
LANDMARKS
palmar - pertaining to the palm of the hand
plantar - pertaining to the sole of the foot
BODY AREASabdominal - pertaining to the stomach and intestinal area
carpal - pertaining to the wrist
cervical - pertaining to the seven vertebrae in the neck
costal - pertaining to the ribs
BODY AREAScranial - pertaining to the skull
femoral - pertaining to the thigh
frontal - pertaining to the forehead
lumbar - pertaining to the five vertebrae in the lower portion of the back
pelvic - pertaining to the pelvic girdle
BODY AREASrenal - pertaining to the kidney area
sacral - pertaining to the five vertebrae in the lowest portion of the back
sternal - pertaining to the sternum or breastbone
thoracic - pertaining to the twelve vertebrae in the upper portion of the back
ABBREVIATIONSa.c. - before mealsb.i.d. - twice dailyB.P. - blood pressureC-1, C-2, C-3 - cervical vertebrae by numberCBC - complete blood countC.C. - chief complaintC.N. - cranial nerveC.N.S. - central nervous systemCPR - cardiopulmonary resuscitationCT - computed tomography
ABBREVIATIONSCVA - cerebrovascular accidentdB - decibelDX - diagnosisESR - erythrocyte sedimentation rateF.H. - family historyFX - fractureGI - gastrointestinalHg - hemoglobinGU - genitourinaryHBV - hepatitis B virus
ABBREVIATIONSHDL - high density lipoproteinHg - mercuryh.s. - at bedtimeH & P - history and physical examinationHX - historyL-1, L-2, L-3 - lumbar vertebrae by numberL.L.Q. - left lower quadrantL.M.P. - last menstrual periodL.U.Q. - left upper quadrantMRI - magnetic resonance imaging
ABBREVIATIONSOA - osteoarthritisO.D. - right eyeO.S. - left eyep.c. - after mealsP.H. - past historyP.I. - present illnessp.r.n. - as neededq.i.d. - four times dailyRA - rheumatoid arthritisR.B.C. - red blood count
ABBREVIATIONSR.L.Q. - right lower quadrantR/O - rule outR.U.Q. - right upper quadrantRX (or TX) - treatmentS-1, S-2, S-3 - sacral vertebrae by numberSOAP - subjective findings, objective findings, assessment, planT-1, T-2, T-3 - thoracic vertebrae by numbert.i.d. - three times dailyW.B.C. - white blood count