So Won YoonSeoul National University, Korea

Tae Yong Jung

IGES, Japan

Dong Kun Lee

Seoul National University, Korea

March 11, 2005 ,NIES, Tsukuba, Japan

RCC meeting of APEISRCC meeting of APEIS--SDBSDB

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Table of Contents

1. Structure of Environmental Innovation Options (EIO)

2. List of (EIO) : Transport & Residential sector

3. Diagram & Illustration

4. Example of EIO

5. Analysis (samples)

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1. Structure of EIO- Transport Sector

Low emission vehicle

Efficient transport system

Institution

Eco-Consciousness

Regulation Policy

Public transportRoad InfrastructureICT application

Eco education Eco driving

Hybrid vehicleNatural gasFuel cell

Strategic Database

SDB

Strategic Database

SDB

Tax/Subsidy

Energy taxAir pollutant taxSubsidy for high eff. V..

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- Residential Sector

Tax / subsidy

Energy Efficiency

Institution

Eco-Consciousness

Regulation Policy

Energy tax

Subsidy

High efficient applianceEco education Eco lifestyle

Strategic Database

SDB

Strategic Database

SDB

Eco friendly development

Eco-cityEcology houseWind street

1. Structure of EIO

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2. List of EIO

- Transport Sector

Institution Metropolitan area air quality improvement special law

Understanding destination before departureDon't do that unnecessary idlingDon't load unnecessary luggageEconomy speed observanceDon't do sudden starting, braking and acceleratingTire pressure maintenanceWalking short distanceBuying high energy efficiency carUsing compact carCar account bookUsing public transportation

Eco consciousness

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2. List of EIO

- Transport Sector

CNG Vehicle Program

Electronic car & Hybrid electronic car

Diesel Particulate Filter

Lighting the Weight of Vehicle

Fuel cell

Bus-only Central Lane in Seoul

Highway Traffic Management System

National Highway Traffic Management System

Bicycle road

ITS (Intelligent Transportation System)

Improvement of Traffic Charge System

Traffic Congestion Charge

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)

Electronic Toll Collection System: ETCS

Efficient transport system

Low emission vehicle

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energy taxEconomic method

Subsidy

Promotion of Eco-Product Purchase LawInstitution/policy

The promotion of Rainfall usage: facilities & Policy

Sun-flooded house

Drafty house

Green roof system

Air tight and insulated house

artificial ground greening system

community garden

Eco friendly house town design

Wind corridor

Eco education at school

Eco education via TV program

Eco education via web site

Holding environmental events

Establishment of earth day

Establishment of eco incentive system

Promotion of environmental appliance store

Promotion of eco label

Eco consciousness(Eco education)

Urban development

Ecology house

2. List of EIO- Residential Sector

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2. List of EIO- Residential Sector

Wearing thick underwear in the winter

Lighting & shading

Lighting follow with the size of area

Plug off no use electronic machinery

Buying high energy consumption efficiency product

Making a double window

Negative ion bulb

PSL : Power Saving & Safety Lamp

Garbage Bag Charge System

Condensing Boiler

Air condition (economy cooling system)

High efficiency refrigerator

High efficiency device

Adiabatic house

Changing the electronic bulb to the fluorescent lamp

5kW class polymer fuel cell system for residence

Photovoltaic power generation technology

Building automation system

Efficient appliance

Eco consciousness(Ecolife style)

3. Diagram & Illustration

AHS *1

Eco-drivinglicense

Car sharingsystem

Eco-navigationsystem

Gas

BiofuelConstraint

Bio fuelImport

Bio fuelRefinery

Biomass

BiomassConstraint

Decrease ofCongestion

AHS *2 AHS *1ETC *3 AHS *1VICS *4 AHS *1PTPS *5 AHS *1MOCS *6

Paved Road

HydrogenConstraint

HydrogenImport

Hydrogen(Biomass)

Hydrogen(Gas)

Maintaining Economical

speedsCorrect tire

pressureCorrect

laden weightRev

controlSuppression of

sudden acceleration

Timelyshifting up

Reduction ofillegal parking

Air conditionertemperature adjustment

Air conditionertemperature adjustment

Strengthenroad/bridge

AHS *1TDM *1

Inland containerdepot

Center of physical distribution

[Eco driving]

IC cardticket

Teleworking/ SOHO

[Road infrastructure][Freight facilities]

[ICT application]

NOx removalcatalyst

PM removalair filter

Eco educationbudget

Bio refinery Tech. Imp.

FC TechnologyImprovement

Bio refinery R&D budget

FC R&D budget

Large freightstation

Freight facilitiesCapital information

Budget

A

Road capital information

budget

ITS capitalinformation

budgetIC card

preferential treatment system

Car sharingpreferential tax system

Low sulfuroil refinery

Low S oilrefinery plant

budget

S content of oil

PM removalbudget

NOx removalbudget

SO2 emissionregulation

PM emissionregulation

NOx emissionregulation

[Flue gas purification]

Subway

[Public transportation]

Public Trns.capital formation

budget

LRTPrioritybus lane Bicycle Road

Eco-drivingeducationat school

Eco-drivingeducation

via TV program

Eco-drivingeducation

via Web site

Distribution ofeco-driving

leafletDriving monitor

Eco-drivercommendation

Eco-drivingLicense system

Subsidy fordriving monitor

Subsidy forEco-Nav. Sys.

B

C(Priority to public transportation)

M O(Improve of efficiencyof freight vehicle)

(Improve of efficiencyof passenger vehicle)

H(Priority to high efficiency vehicle)

I

K(Priority to train/ship)

L(Priority to large freight vehicle)

Q(Priority to Bus)

R(Decrease ofpassenger transportation)

S(Priority to Train)

Priority topublic

transportation

Priority towalking / bicycle

D(improvement of energy efficiencyof freight transportation)

F(improvement of energy efficiencyof passenger transportation)

T(Decrease ofpassenger transportation)

U(Priority to public transportation)

V X(Improve of efficiencyof freight vehicle)

(Improve of efficiencyof passenger vehicle)

E(reduction of air pollutantand GHG emission of freightvehicle)

G(reduction of air pollutantand GHG emission of passengervehicle)

(reduction of air pollutantof freight transportation)

J(reduction of air pollutantof passenger transportation)

N(reduction of air pollutantand GHG emission of freightvehicle)

P(reduction of air pollutantand GHG emission of passengervehicle)

W(reduction of air pollutantand GHG emission of freightvehicle)

Y(reduction of air pollutantand GHG emission of passengervehicle)

[Eco education]

Environmental/energy tax scenario

Tax benefit forhigh Eff. vehicle

Subsidy forhigh Eff. vehicle

Subsidy forhigh train/ship/air

AA AB

Energy Eff.regulation

by government

Air pollutantregulation

by government

Voluntary planof auto company

AC AE(Improve of efficiencyof freight vehicle)

(Improve of efficiencyof passenger vehicle)

AD(reduction of air pollutantand GHG emission of freightvehicle)

AF(reduction of air pollutantand GHG emission of passengervehicle)

Voluntary planof rail company

Voluntary planof ship company

Voluntary planof air company

(Priority to high Eff. vehicle)

AG

AH

AI

AJ

[Tax/Subsidy]

[Regulation]

[Voluntary plan of private company]

(Increase of inflow price) (Decrease of initial / O&M priceof high efficiency transportation )

Energy tax Air pollutanttax

Budget of subsidy

Energy Eff.regulation

Air poluutionregulation

Priority to highEff. vehicle

by voluntary plan

Priority to highEff. train

by voluntary plan

Priority to highEff. ship

by voluntary plan

Priority to highEff. ship

by voluntary plan

(Priority to high Eff. airplane)

(Priority to high Eff. rail)

(Priority to high Eff. ship)

GHG tax

BRT

- Transport Sector

(Priority to eff. hot water device)

(Priority to eff. warming device)

(Priority to eff. cooking device)

(Priority to eff. cooling device)

(Priority to eff. lighting device)

(Priority to eff. other electric appliance)

J4

J7

J3

(Priority to eff. refrigerator)

J6

I4I5I6I7 I1

I2I3

HEMS Urbandevelopment

scenario

[Urban development ]

[Ecology house ]

[Regulation]Budget

for subsidy

B C

[Eco education]

(Improvement of energy eff. in warming)

(Improvement of energy eff. in hot water)

(Improvement of energy eff. in cooking)

(Improvement of energy eff. in lighting)

(Improvement of energy eff. in cooling)

(Improvement of energy eff. in refrigerator)

(Improvement of energy eff. in electric appliance)

G1

Regulationscenario

Taxscenario

[Economic method]

Mandatory effort to ecology house

Top runnersystem

Regulationscenario

Low investment

loan for ecology house

Tax benefit for

ecology house

Subsidy for energy

eff. appliances

Additional loan for ecology house

Subsidy for HEMS

Subsidy for eco monitor

Community garden

Eco friendly

town design

G2(Decrease ofwarming

demand) (Decrease ofcooling

demand)

H1H2(Decrease ofwarming

demand) (Decrease ofcooling

demand)

Eco education at school

Eco education

via TV program

Eco education via web

site

Eco education

by distributing leaflet

Holding environmental events

Establishment of

earth day

Establishment of ecology network

for children

Environmental

education on receipt of energy

Information

supplement at

appliance store

Establishment of eco incentive system

Eco monitor

Promotion of

environmental account

book

Promotion of eco label

Tax benefit for

FCSubsidy for FC

Subsidy for PV

Tax benefit for PV

Rooftopgardening

Drafty house

Sun-flooded house

Air tight and

insulated house

F

Switch offunnecessar

y appliancesAppropriate way of

usingAppropriate operation

time

Periodicmaintenanc

e

[Eco lifestyle]

[Other electric appliance][Refrigerator] [Cooling] [Lighting] [Cooking] [Hot water] [Warming]Switch offunnecessar

y appliancesUse of curtains or

blinds

Appropriate preset

temperature

(20℃)

Periodicmaintenanc

e(keep filters clean)

Adjustment of

direction of wind

Not putting

things near outdoor

appliance

Simultaneous use of

fan

Unplug in off season

Utilization of timer

Appropriate water

temperature in dish washingWash

dishes with stored waterPut a lid on

a bathtub after

bathing

Take a bath

continuously

Avoid wasting water while

bathingAvoid

wasting water while

washing dishes

Appropriate caloric

force

Little ingenuity to avoid cookingWipe

water drops of

pan before cooking

Utilization of after

heatSwitch off unnecessar

y lights

Periodicmaintenanc

e(keep

shades clean)

Avoid unnecessary opening

and closingKeep appropriate distance

Avoid too much

packing

Appropriate preset

temperature

Periodicmaintenanc

e(change rubber

packing ) Cool before packingNot setting

near cooking stove

Unplug in off season

Utilization of timer

Use of curtains or

blinds

Switch offunnecessar

y appliances

Adjustment of

direction of wind

Simultaneous use of

fan

Not putting

things near outdoor

appliance

Appropriate preset

temperature

(20℃)

Periodicmaintenanc

e(keep filters clean)

Energy tax GHG tax

A

(Decrease in priceof hot water device)

(Decrease in priceof warming device)

(Decrease in priceof cooking device)

(Decrease in priceof cooling device)

(Decrease in priceof lighting device)

(Decrease in priceof other electric appliance)

D2

D4

D7

D1

D3

D5(Decrease in priceof refrigerator)

D6

(Improvement of energy eff. of hot water device)

(Improvement of energy eff. of warming device)

(Improvement of energy eff. of cooking device)

(Improvement of energy eff. of cooling device)

(Improvement of energy eff. of lighting device)

(Improvement of energy eff. of other electric appliance)

E2

E4

E7

E1

E3

E5(Improvement of energy eff. of refrigerator)

E6

J2 J1

J5

(Decrease in price of fuel cell)

(Decrease in price of PV)

(Increase of energy price )

(Decrease oflightign

demand)

Budget for eco education/ information supplement

3. Diagram & Illustration - Residential Sector

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4. Example of EIO

- Transport Sector

Institution / Policy

Metropolitan area air quality improvement special law

Descriptions* The Ministry of Environment (MOE) of Republic of Korea (ROK) develop a 10-

year framework plan for the air quality control in the metropolitan area of Seoul

• Based on this framework plan, the local governments will establish 5-year implementation plans and selected special agencies will coordinate the air quality control plans.

* The Total Air Pollution Load (TAPL) management system entails a calculation of the environmental carrying capacity, and a policy to 'cap' the amount of pollution discharge in the region.

* the MOE is encouraging the consumers to make environmentally sound choices.

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4. Example of EIO

Institution / Policy

ITS (Intelligent Transportation System)

Descriptions• ITS master plan 21 was finalized in March 2001. • Background : The demand for new transportation policy due to the heavy

traffics • Strategy step

-Step 1(2001~2005) Make a base for New service application & verification -Step 2(2006~2010) Expansion of the verified new service -Step 3(2011~2020) Improvement & Reform of new service

• Main project : Highway Traffic Management System, National Highway Traffic Management System

- Transport Sector

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4. Example of EIO

- Transport Sector

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4. Example of EIO

Policy / Efficient technology

CNG Vehicle Program

Descriptions*CNG Local Bus -Substituting CNG for 20,000 diesel buses until 2007 in the whole cities -Subsidy : government & local government 22.5million won, fuel 8.5million won, deduction of tax 460,000won, environmental improvement responsibility fee 1,660,000won -83 gas stations operating, a plan to build 17 gas stations and 17 moving gas stations operating now

GHG emission : comparing with diesel bus, exhaust fumes 0%, HC 16%, Nox37%, CO 41%

- Transport Sector

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0

50

100

TSP CH4 Nox CO

Diesel bus

CNG bus

- Transport Sector

4. Example of EIO

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Low emission vehicle

Electronic car & Hybrid electronic car

Descriptions* improved performance due to the development of high efficient motor & battery *Now New technology to charge within 30 minutes is under development. *A parallel circuit type of hybrid car is under development. *Hyundai - Tucson Hybrid car(FCHEV) has been doing showing race in America. RV car (Santafe) has been doing showing race in Jejuisland.(2003.11~2005.10)

GHG emissions*No exhaust emission *Hybrid electronic car reduce pollution *Hybrid electronic car 30km/L , normal car 10km/L - 3 times fuel economy

- Transport Sector

4. Example of EIO

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- Transport Sector

4. Example of EIO

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Policy/ Eco friendly facilities

The promotion of Rainfall usage: facilities & Policy

Descriptions•Capital law(2001.3. reform) -A duty to establish facility for the use of rainfall where stadium, indoor gym and so on have roof (more than 2,400m²), visitor capacity (more than 1,400 seats)

-Government and local government supply construction costs and local government can reduce water rate.

-A fine is under 10 million won, when the requirement is not met.

Social barrier*The two-third of yearly precipitation concentrates in taiphoon season from June to August. *The one-fifth of yearly precipitation concentrate in the dry season fromNovember to April. *The outflow of rainy season is copious. On the other hands, the outflow of dry season is short.

- Residential Sector

4. Example of EIO

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- Residential Sector

4. Example of EIO

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Policy

Garbage Bag Charge System

Description * Garbage Bag Charge system is applied to general garbage management area on 1 of article13 of RCRA (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act)

* Application target is general garbage & some of business general garbage that can apply to standard of general garbage.

* The fee of collection, movement and management, residents pay the money that is dumping amount of garbage.

*Town unit garbage bag charge system for small rural place

Secondly effect*Annual garbage quantity - Quantity of recycled garbage has increased 145.9% than 1994. In other words, quantity of dumping garbage has decreased 43.2%. *Annual garbage bag sale quantity - Sale quantity was 941 million sheets in 2003 decreased 40.8% than 1,590 million sheets in 1995.

- Residential Sector

4. Example of EIO

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- Residential Sector

4. Example of EIO

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- Transport Sector

Institution / Policy

Bus-only Central Lane in Seoul

Descriptions• Changing bus lane : Blue(town)bus, Green(local)bus, Yellow (circulating)bus,

Red(metro)bus• Expansion of bus lane : bus only use the central lane, also bus station is

relocated at the center of the road, ordinary vehicles are not allowed to use this lane.

• Advanced Bus operating management : control the bus system by satellite, providing the information on the arrival time of bus at the station.

• Upgrading bus : new large capacity refractive bus • Convenient transfer equipment : reorganize transfer system • Intelligent traffic card : multi-service card & discounting traffic fare • Reasonable fare system : transfer free when moving distance is

short(within10km) and 100won each 5km

5. Analysis (samples)

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- Transport Sector

5. Analysis (samples)

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- Transport Sector

5. Analysis (samples)

Trends of speed changeTrends of speed change

Bus Passenger car

0

5

10

15

20

25

2004.6 2004.7 2004.8 2004.9 2004.10

a.m. (07:00-09:00) Noon(11:00-13:00)

p.m. (18:00-20:00)

km/h

0

5

10

15

20

25

2004.6 2004.7 2004.8 2004.9 2004.10

a.m. (07:00-09:00) Noon(11:00-13:00)

p.m. (18:00-20:00)

km/h

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Ecology house

Green roof system

Descriptions*Light weight roof garden*Possibility of application, any artificial ground*Possibility of construction, any basic material (concrete, metal, wood and etc)*Possibility of planting on the lowest soil depth(10㎝)

Secondly effect*Rain is used for supplying water.*Improvement: keeping warm efficiency because of construction reservoir and drainage adiabatic board

*Mulching of volcanic sand to protect from flying away and heavy rain

- Residential Sector

5. Analysis (samples)

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- Residential Sector

CTRI

5. Analysis (samples)

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Division Average T.

Lowest T.

Highest T.

Differences of T.

Tem. Of outside 29.5 23 36 13

concrete 36.5 23 50 27

ground 30.0 22 38 15

0.5㎝ 27.5 23 32 9

10㎝ 27.0 24 30 6

Green roof

4402Green roof

107-31concrete

117-41.5Tem. Of outside

Differences of T.

Highest T.

Lowest T.Average T.Division

Summer

Winter

5. Analysis (samples)

- Residential Sector

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Effect of green roofEffect of green roof

baseline : AIM bau scenario (residential sector)

30% housing with this option

Green roof option: 9.8% energy saving (KCTI, 2001)

Energy savings : - 2001 : 2.45%, - 2010 : 2.5%, - 2020 : 2.52%

5. Analysis (samples)

0

50

100

150

200

250

2001 2010 2020

heating cooling reduction

10 6̂GJ

- Residential Sector