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Tuesday,4 January 2011 MUMBAI THIRUVANANTHAPURAM KOLKATA HYDERABAD CHENNAI BANGALORE AIZAWL

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EDUCATION INDEPENDENCE DAY 2008

Rapid transformation in Technical Education in India

Ashok Thakur*

11:58 IST

India has the potential to be a global technology leader. Its economy has been growing at therate of 9% per year. The industry has also become globally competitive in several sectors andcan increase its global market share. A critical factor in this will be the success of the technicaleducation system in the nation.

The investment made in higher education in the 1950s and 1960s has given us a strongknowledge base in many fields and contributed significantly to economic development, socialprogress and political democracy in independent India. At the time of Independence, thenumber of universities was no more than 20, of colleges around 500 and the total enrolment wasless than 1.0 lakh. By the end of the X Plan, the Indian higher education system has grown intoone of the largest in the world with 5818 technical institutions with an intake capacity of11,18,810 students.

Prevalence of Low General Enrolment Ratio

Despite the expansion that has occurred, it is evident that the system is under stress toprovide a sufficient volume of skilled human power, equipped with the required knowledge andtechnical skills to cater to the demands of the economy. The accelerated growth of oureconomy has already created shortages of high quality technical manpower. The demographic

advantages of a young population can only be realised if we can expand opportunities for ouryouth on a massive scale and in diverse fields of basic science, engineering and technology,healthcare, architecture, management etc.

Expansion, inclusion and rapid improvement in quality throughout the higher andtechnical education system by enhancing public spending, encouraging private initiatives andinitiating the long overdue major institutional and policy reforms will form the core of theEleventh plan effort.

Our GER of around 11% is very low compared to the world average of 23.2%, 36.5% forcountries in transition, 54.6% for Asian countries. We should aim to increase the GER to 21%by the end of the Twelfth Plan with an interim target of 15% by 2011-12.

Expansion of Technical Education with Quality

As on August 31, 2007, the annual intake of technical education institutions at Degreeand Diploma levels, as approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), was9.08 lakh and 3.95 lakh respectively. To further increase this intake several new initiatives have

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been undertaken in the sector of technical education in the XI Five year Plan. The followingexpansion is proposed without letting the brand value of these institutions get diluted :

Eight New Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs)

The main objective of Indian Institutes of Tech is to impart world class education inengineering and technology. The Government has decided to set up 8 new IITs in Bihar,

Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Orissa, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh and Gujaratduring the XI Plan Period. It is also proposed to convert the Institute of Technology, BHU intoan IIT. An allocation of Rs. 2000 crore has been provided in the XI Plan and Rs. 50 crore hasbeen allocated for 2008-09.

B.Tech Courses in three branches with a limited batch of about 120 first year students, havestarted from the academic session of 2008-09 in the 6 new IITs being set up in AndhraPradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Orissa, Punjab and Gujarat and these will be mentored by theexisting IITs of Madras, Guwahati, Kanpur, Kharagpur, Delhi and Mumbai respectively.

The State Governments have been requested to identify the suitable sites for setting up of thenew IITs which is likely to be finalized soon.

Seven New Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs)

The Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) are institutions of excellence, established with theobjectives of imparting high quality management education and training conducting researchand providing consultancy services in the field of management to various sectors of the Indianeconomy. Seven new IIMs are proposed, out of which, the IIM at Shillong has commenced itsacademic session from 2008-09 with an initial intake of 64 students based on CAT 2007score.

The remaining six IIMs will be located in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand, Jammu &Kashmir, Tamil Nadu and Haryana. Several State Government have identified land for thecampuses and the same will be finalized soon after the Site Selection Committee visits thethem shortly

Educational Consultants India Limited (Ed.CIL) has been requested to prepare a Model DPRfor all the new IIMs.

An allocation of Rs. 600 crore has been provided in the XI Plan and Rs. 10 crore has beenallocated for the year 2008-09.

Five Indian Institute of Science, Education & Research (IISERs)

The Scientific Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (SAC-PM), under the Chairmanship ofProf. C.N.R.Rao, recommended creation of five new institutions devoted to science educationand research to be named Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research broadly onthe lines of IISc., Bangalore. 3 IISERs at Mohali, Pune and Kolkata have already beenfunctioning and two more at Bhopal and Thiruvanthapuram will start their classes this year inthe month of August.

An allocation of Rs. 2000 crores has been provided in the XI Plan and Rs. 150 crores hasbeen allocated for 2008-09 for 5 IISERs.

Twenty Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs)

In order to develop manpower for different areas of the knowledge economy, education andtraining of information technology is a core prerequisite. The Central Government hasestablished four IIITs at Allahabad, Gwalior, Jabalpur and Kanchipuram. 20 more IIITs areproposed under the PPP mode. NASSCOM has very recently submitted its model ProjectReport, which is being sent to the State Governments and to the concerned Ministries in theGovernment of India for inter-ministerial consultations.

The setting up of IIITs in PPP mode has been discussed with the State Education Ministers inthe national conference held on 23rd and 24th July 2008 under the Chairmanship of HRM. Mostof the States were agreed to tap not for profit private investment, ensuring that PPP should notlead to any erosion of access to poor sections of society.

The IIIT at Kanchipuram has started functioning from its temporary campus at IIT Madras sincethe last academic session in 2007.

An allocation of Rs. 400 crore has been provided in the XI Plan and Rs. 30 crores has been

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allocated for 2008-09.

Two Schools of Planning & Architecture (SPAs)

SPA provides undergraduate and post-graduate education and training in the fields ofarchitecture, planning, design and management of different aspects of human habitat andenvironment. Two schools of Planning & Architecture are to be set up at Bhopal and

Vijayawada.

The State Governments had offered about 100 acres of land each in Bhopal and Vijayawada,free of cost. However, it is proposed to start the academic session in both the new SPAsthrough temporary campuses by taking suitable accommodation on rent from this academicsession of 2008. While the NIT Bhopal will mentor the new SPA at Bhopal, SPA at Vijayawadawill be mentored by SPA, Delhi.

* An allocation of Rs. 250 crore has been provided in the XI Plan and Rs. 15 crores has beenallocated for 2008-09.

Setting up of new Polytechnics

In pursuance of Honble Prime Ministers speech on Independence Day in 2007,to launch a mission on vocational education and skill development, the

Department of Higher Education had prepared a scheme on Sub-Mission ofPolytechnics under National Skill Development Mission. Under Sub-Mission ofPolytechnics, it is proposed to take up the following four components:-

Setting up of 1000 polytechnics (300 in Government Sectors, 300 through PPP mode and 400private polytechnics;

Strengthening of existing 500 polytechnics;

Construction of womens hostel in 500 polytechnics;

Revamping of the Community Polytechnics scheme and increasing their number from 669 to1000.

The Expenditure Finance Committee in its meeting held on 28th May, 2008 hasapproved the above proposal. An allocation of Rs. 6310 crore has been provided in the XI Planand Rs. 141.5 crore has been allocated for 2008-09.

Scholarship for College and University students

It is proposed to give scholarships, based on merit, at the rate of Rs. 1000 per month for thefirst 3 years and after that Rs. 2000 per month for the balance period of the professional orother courses in Higher Education to non-creamy layer students to the extent of about 2% ofthe student population who pass out from various intermediate boards. It is proposed to coverevery year about 41,000 boys and 41,000 girls under the above scheme.

An amount of Rs. 1000 crores has been provided for in the XI Plan allocations for this schemeand Rs. 50 crore is allocated for 2008-09.

Review of functioning of UGC and AICTE

A Committee has been set up on 30/4/08 under the Chairmanship of Prof. Yash Pal,former UGC Chairman, to review the role and functioning of UGC and AICTE. The Committeehas started functioning and has held several meetings.

Summer Training of Teachers

With a view to improve the quality and standard of teaching by the faculty, in thissummer i.e. in June and July 2008, 10,000 faculty members of the Engineering Institutions and5,000 faculty members of the University system teaching basic/social sciences, are being givensummer training/refresher courses to improve their domain knowledge as well as pedagogy. Therefresher/summer training courses on the technical subjects are being given in the IITs, NITs,NITTTRs etc

Education Loan Interest Subsidy Scheme

A proposal to introduce a Central Sector scheme for providing interest subsidy during the

moratorium period on the educational loans taken by students belonging to non-creamy layerfor pursuing professional education in India under the revised Model Educational Loan

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Scheme formulated by the Indian Banks Association has been under consideration of theGovernment.

A provision of Rs. 4000 crore has been provided in the XI Plan for this proposed scheme andRs. 2 crore has been allocated for 2008-09.

National Education Mission through ICT

Under this Mission, it is proposed to network each of the Departments of about 400 universitylevel institutions & 20000 colleges through broadband connectivity and make availablesuitable e-learning material. State Governments have to share 25% of the cost of providingbroadband connectivity to the institutions under their control. Private institutions will have toshare 25% of the cost of providing the broadband connectivity.

States have also been consulted on this issue during the conference of the States EducationMinisters by the Human Resource Development Minister (HRM) held on 23rd and 24th July2008 and have agreed for above proposal.

National Institutes of Technology (NITs)

The main aim of setting up NITs is to create the required technical manpower by providingundergraduate education and training in different branches of engineering & technology. At

present there are 20 National Institutes of Technology (NITs) which are fully funded by theCentral Government. NIT Act 2007, which came into effect from 15.8.2007, has declaredthese NITs as Institutes of National Importance.

In the XIth Plan period, it is proposed to establish 10 new NITs. Probable location of theseNITs will be in States/UTs, which at present dont have an NIT. MHRD will considerestablishing NITs in Manipur, Mizoram, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Uttrakhand, Sikkim andArunachal Pradesh.

The NIT at Goa may also cater to the needs of Daman & Diu, Dadra & Nagar Haveli andLakshadweep.

Pudducherry or Andaman & Nicobar may have one common NIT, which will cater the needs ofeach others.

For establishing new NITs, States/UTs are required to provide 300 acres of land, at a place

having road, rail and air connectivity.

Status of Implementation of the recommendations of Oversight Committee (OSC) forensuring OBC reservation in technical institutions

Allocation of Rs. 2522 crore has been provided in 2008-09 for implementation of therecommendations of OSC. All the Central Educational Institutions are implementing OBCreservations as per the Central Educational Institutions (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2006from this year onward on a staggered basis and the necessary funds have been released tomany of them after holding the meetings of the Empowered Committees, while the balance willget funds in the next few days. As per the CCPA approval, it is also proposed to amend theCentral Educational Institutions (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2006 so as to extend the threeyears staggering period up to the year 2010.With the implementation of the OSCrecommendation, an additional student capacity of 6,204 has been created in this academic

session.

**Additional Secretary, Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development