Emergency Response SectionRAPID

SFUND RECORDS CTR167890

Emergency Response andTime-Critical

Quality Assurance Sampling Planfor

Soil, Debris and Water Matrices

Response Location: Maipalaoa Road Site87-272 Maipalaoa RoadWaianae, Oahu, HI

Date: 08/15/03

Prepared By: Benjamin Castellana

Reviewed By:

Approved By (F0£»C or Inwdent Commander): Janet Yocum

This sampling plan form has been designed to assist field responders in theirpreparation for collecting, analyzing, shipping, storing and in all other ways handlingsamples collected in the field. The use of this generic sampling plan form will involveforethought and planning that should help direct the sampling and analytical work. It ismeant to be used in the case of emergency responses or time-critical responses whensampling teams may not have the opportunity to write a more thorough sampling plan.Sampling teams should always reference their own agencies' standard qualityprocedures and SOPs for field guidance and analytical procedures.

The development of this generic plan will improve the documentation, communication,planning, and overall quality associated with the sampling and analysis by:

1) encouraging field teams to consider their goals and objectives before gatheringtheir samples,

2) creating a common written plan for multiple field sampling teams from differingagencies or with differing sampling tasks,

3) increasing communication between clean-up contractors and jurisdictionalagencies, and

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Emergency Response SectionRAPID

Emergency Response andTime-Critical

Quality Assurance Sampling Planfor

Soil, Debris and Water Matrices

Response Location: Maipalaua Street Site[Site Address]City, Oahu, HI

Date: 08/15/03

Prepared By: Benjamin Castellana

Reviewed By:

Approved By (FOSC or Incident Commander): Janet Yokum

This sampling plan form has been designed to assist field responders in theirpreparation for collecting, analyzing, shipping, storing and in all other ways handlingsamples collected in the field. The use of this generic sampling plan form will involveforethought and planning that should help direct the sampling and analytical work. It ismeant to be used in the case of emergency responses or time-critical responses whensampling teams may not have the opportunity to write a more thorough sampling plan.Sampling teams should always reference their own agencies' standard qualityprocedures and SOPs for field guidance and analytical procedures.

The development of this generic plan will improve the documentation, communication,planning, and overall quality associated with the sampling and analysis by:

1) encouraging field teams to consider their goals and objectives before gatheringtheir samples,

2) creating a common written plan for multiple field sampling teams from differingagencies or with differing sampling tasks,

3) increasing communication between clean-up contractors and jurisdictionalagencies, and

4) detailing expectations before samples are collected.

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1.0 Introduction and Background. What is the problem, what precipitated theresponse, what agencies and companies are on site, who has taken the lead forthe response and for environmental clean-up actions:

This is a former residential property that has become a junkyard and scrapmetal repository. It is situated within a residential area and covers an area ofabout 1 acre. The Site was referred to the US EPA Superfund EmergencyResponse Section by the State of Hawaii Department of Health (DOH) due to anumber of environmental problems which may pose an immanent andsubstantial threat to human health and the environment.

According to the DOH and an adjoining property owner, the followingactivities have occurred here: dumping of scrap metal, automobiles, drums,batteries, and miscellaneous materials, opening and draining batteries for metalrecovery (drain into a pit), opening and draining room-sized air conditioners formetals recovery (fluids are allowed to drain onto ground), vehicle, forklift, andgolf cart maintenance and/or disassembly. There are numerous safety hazardsand dozens of drums, most of which have the same appearance (color andlabel). There are compressed gas cylinders, steel saddle tanks, former USTs,dozens of batteries of various sizes, and numerous areas of soil staining. Theentire space is filled with metal debris and containers of various sizes.

EPA is interested in this site for the following reasons: There appears to be anongoing, unpermitted disposal/scrap metal operation. A nephew of a formertenant is living on the property and is processing scrap to recover metals forresale. Dumping of potentially hazardous materials appears to be ongoing, toinclude oils and solvents. The site is open to the general public and childrenhave been seen breaking glass here. The state has made several attempts torestrict access to the site, but their gate has been torn down twice. Groundwateroccurs at a depth of 5 feet, and the neighbor mentioned that there is a well onthe property. There is sufficient evidence within the debris to begin to identifyone or more PRPs.

The US EPA is proceeding with a Removal Assessment based on the referralby DOH and the potential threats identified during a site walk. The DOH is thelead agency for the site until the EPA determines whether an immanent andsubstantial threat exists. It is the purpose of this sampling event to determinewhether materials and soils present at the site constitute a threat.

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2.0 Objectives

Objectives are summarized in Table A.

2.1 Data Use Objectives.

Check Appropriate Box(es):

Data that are generated will be used:

1 X To be compared with federal or state occupational health limits to determinewhether there has been a release to the environment that may pose a threat tohuman health and/or the environment.

2 D To assist in Off-Site Acute Exposure Assessment.

3 D To assist with determining the area of impact due to a hazardous materialrelease.

4 D To assist in the identification of the potential source of contaminant.

5 D To be compared with or other risk-based action levels (e.g. ERA PreliminaryRemedial Goals) to determine if chronic health threats exist.

6 D As definitive confirmatory data for non-definitive (screening) data.

7 D To be compared to a background level or sample(s).

8 D Other objectives:

2.2 Sampling Objectives. (What are you proposing to do?)

1 X Judgmental (Authoritative)Surface Soil Sampling.2 D Statistical Grid Surface Sampling._____________________3 X Judgmental (Authoritative) Subsurface Soil Sampling using: Hand auger or

shovel.4 D Statistical Grid Subsurface Soil Sampling using:5 X Personal air monitoring of on-site personnel using screening methods (For Personal

Health and Safety).6 D Personal air sampling of on-site personnel (For Personal Health and Safety).7 D On-site air monitoring (real-time) to determine contamination levels (Not for personal

Health and Safety).8 D On-site sampling to determine contamination levels (Not for personal Health and safety).9 D Other objectives:

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2.3 Data Categories

In general, the quality of the data should be known and documented prior to use. TheU.S. ERA has divided data into two categories: definitive methodology data (generallylaboratory data using ERA methods), and non-definitive methodology data (alsoreferred to as screening data) with conformation of 10% by definitive methodology. Anadditional category referred to as screening data is usable in emergency situationswhere definitive data is not available. Note that the data category is not an indicator ofprecision or accuracy! It is only a practical indicator of QA/QC documentation. Refer tothe ERS QAPP for specific DQO parameters. Reported data can be verified (by aparty other than the laboratory) as meeting quality control and data categoryrequirements by following a verification or validation procedure.

Check appropriate box(es):

1 D Screening category data will be generated. The data by themselves may notbe verifiable. These data will be used for Health and Safety Purposes.

2a D Screening data with 10 percent definitive category data will be generated. Datausing non-definitive analytical methodologies will be used for comparison toaction limits. The data by itself may not be verifiable. Due to the time criticalsituation the data must be reported and used for comparison. Screeningdata will be evaluated and reported with definite category data at a later time.

2b D Screening data with 10 percent definitive category data will be generated. Datausing non-definitive analytical methodologies will be used for comparison toaction limits. The data by itself may not be verifiable. Data will not bereported until it is evaluated with definite category data.

3a D Definitive category data will be will be generated. The sampling must be done onan emergency basic. Due to the time critical situation the data must bereported and used for comparison without validation. Documentation willbe required, however the validation will not be confirmed.

3b D Definitive category data will be will be generated. The sampling must be doneon an emergency basic. Due to the time critical situation, the data must bepreliminarily reported and used for comparison without validation.Documentation will be required. Documentation will be reviewed andvalidated. Qualified data will be reported.

3c X Definitive category data will be will be generated. Full Documentation will berequired. Documentation will be reviewed and validated prior to reporting.

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: Table AData Objective^ and Sample Collection

SampleLocation

Refer to Section 3.3.1

Soil 1 - 8 (up to 8samples, locationsTBD)

Soil 1 - 8 (up to 6subsurface samplesat co-located pointsTBD)

Soil 1-8

TVA (organicvolatiles)

Data Use Objective(s)Refer to Section 2.1

Characterization

Characterization

Characterization

Health and Safety Monitoring

Data CategoryReferto Section 2.3

Definitive

Definitive

Screening

Screening

Analytical MethodRefer to Section 3.1

total metalsSemi-volatile organic compounds

Volatile organic compounds

Headspace using a PID

Ambient Organic Volatiles

Number ofSamples

up to 8 (1 8-oz.glass jar persample)

up to 6 (3 EncoreVOA samplers persample)

up to 8 usingdedicated,disposable plasticbags.

as needed

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3.03.1

Soil

Approach and Sampling MethodologiesSampling and Analysis Equipment. Specify the sampling method andanalytical procedures. Check the appropriate boxes.

Debris

Sample Type:Sampling Trowel:Sample Volume:

Sample Type:Sampling Trowel:

Sample Volume:

X Grab D CompositeX Dedicated D Non-DedicatedD4oz. X8oz . D16oz.

D Grab D CompositeD Dedicated D Non-DedicatedD4oz. D8oz. D16oz.

D Gloved handother:_____

D Gloved handD other:_____

WaterSample Type: D Grab D CompositePopulation: D surface water D sludge D groundwaterSample Device: D bottle D dedicated bailer D other:.Sample Volume: D VOA D 1 liter D other:______

Direct Reading Instruments:Organic Vapor Monitor (PID)

DDnDnnDn

Combustible Gas Meter: D O2X-Ray FluorescenceImmuno Assay Kit: D Pesticide [HCN MonitorS02 MonitorRadiation Meter Monitor

D Combustible Gas D CO

D TPH D PCB D other:

Field pH screening (10 ml Dl water in 10 grams of sample with field pH meter)Drager sampling; check appropriateD acetic acid D chloroform

D acetone D chromic acid

D alcohol D cyanide

D ammonia D ethyl benzene

D benzene D formaldehyde

D carbon tetrachloride D hexane, n-

D chlorine D hydrocarbons

D other:

chemical tubes:D hydrocarbons, halogenated D nitrous fumes

D hydrocarbons, petroleum D perchloroethylene

D hydrochloric acid D phenol

D hydrogen peroxide D sulfur dioxide

D hydrogen sulfide D trichloroethane

D methylene chloride D vinyl chloride

D nitric acid

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Sampling and Analysis Procedures:EPA Methods:

D Corrosivity (pH) x Volatile Organic Compounds (8260) D PAHs (HPLC)

x Semi-Volatile Organic CompoundsD Chromium, hexavalent (8270) D Dioxins

X Metals (ICP) [6010/7471] D Hydrogen cyanide D TCLP __metals_

D Asbestos & other fibers [7400] D PCBs

D other:

Other Sampling Procedures:

Surface soil samplesSurface sampling locations will be identified based on best professionaljudgment, using physical evidence (e.g. staining, odor, etc.) and/or likelihood ofrelease. Surface soil samples will be collected from the first 6 to 10 inches ofsoil of an approximately 100 square centimeter area. Samples will be collectedusing a dedicated plastic trowel and initially deposited in a clean, dedicatedplastic bag. The bag is to be sealed, and, after about 5 minutes, the PID probeis to be inserted into the bag while the technician disturbs the soil. The highestreading is to be recorded in the logbook. The soil will then be homogenized andplaced into an 8-oz. glass jar, sealed, and placed on ice awaiting delivery to thelaboratory for analysis by EPA Method 6010 (metals) and EPA Method 8270.

Subsurface soil samplesOnce all the surface samples have been collected and PID readings have beenrecorded, the team will return to the locations with the six highest readings.Using a shovel or hand auger, advance to no less than 12 inches below thesurface, or no more than 18 inches. If using a hand auger, collect threeEncore™ VOA samples from the soil at the base of the auger. If using a shovel,scrape the 12 to 18-inch sidewall area of the excavation with a dedicated trowel,then collect three Encore™ VOA samples directly from the sidewall excavation.Samples will be sealed and placed on ice awaiting delivery to the laboratory foranalysis by EPA Method 8260.

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3.2 Field Sampling Equipment

Field equipment requirements are summarized in Table B.

Table BField Sampling Equipment

Analyses

Metals, SVOCs

VOCs

Sampling Equipment

Dedicated trowel, 8-oz. glass jars

Hand auger or shovel (never comes into direct contactwith sample), dedicated trowel, Encore™ sampler and T-bar handle.

Resource/Contractor

Weston Solutions

Weston Solutions

3.3 Field Methods and Procedures

3.3.1 Sample Location. Describe the rationale for the sample locations chosen.

Surface sampling locations will be identified based on best professional judgment,using physical evidence (e.g. staining, odor, etc.) and/or likelihood of release.Subsurface samples will be collected at the surface soil locations where the highest PIDreadings were collected.

Sketch a map of the sampling area in Figure A.

The sample locations will be judgmental. Before sampling, sketch the site outline andthe approximate sample locations. Note any deviations due to refusal or otherconsiderations.

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Figure ASample Location Map

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Sample Jar Labels

Sample labs will clearly identify the particular sample, and should include the following:

1. Site name and number.2. Time and date sample was taken.3. Sample preservation.4. Analysis requested.5. Sample Location.

Sample labels will be securely affixed to the sample container.

Chain of Custody Record

A Chain of Custody record will be maintained from the time the sample is taken to itsfinal deposition. Every transfer of custody must be noted and signed for, and a copy ofthis record kept by each individual who has signed. When samples (or groups ofsamples) are not under direct control of the individual responsible for them, they mustbe stored in a locked container sealed with a Custody Seal.

The Chain of Custody record should include (at minimum) the following:1. Sample identification number.2. Sample information.3. Sample location.4. Sample date.5. Names(s) and signature(s) of sampler(s).6. Signature(s) of any individual(s) with control over samples.

Custody Seals

Custody Seals demonstrate that a sample container has not been tampered with, oropened. The individual in possession of the sample(s) will sign and date the seal,affixing it in such a manner that the container cannot be opened without breaking theseal. The name of this individual, along with a description of the samples packaging, willbe noted in the field book.

All sample documents will be completed legibly, in ink. Any corrections or revisions willbe made by lining through the incorrect entry and by initialing the error. These includethe sampling logbook, the chain-of-custody forms, this field air QASP and any otherforms.

Field Logbook

The field logbook is essentially a descriptive notebook detailing site activities andSoilQASP 8/15/03 10

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observations so that an accurate account of field procedures can be reconstructed inthe writer's absence. All entries will be dated and signed by the individuals making theentries, and will include the following:

1. Site name, site address, Latitude and Longitude, and project number.2. Names of sampling personnel.3. Dates and times of all entries (military time preferred).4. Descriptions of all site activities, especially sampling start and ending

times, including site entry and exit times.5. Noteworthy events and discussions.6. Weather conditions.7. Site observations.8. Identification and description of samples and locations.9. Subcontractor information and names of on-site personnel.10. Date and time of sample collections, along with chain of custody

information.11. Record of photographs.12. Site sketches.13. Changes from standard procedures or methods: The rational should also

be given with the change.

3.3.3 Sample Containers and Preservatives

Containers and preservatives are summarized in Table C.

Table C

Analyses

metals

SVOC

VOCs

Container Type

8-oz glass jar

8-oz glass jar

3x Encore™

Preservation

4°C

4°C

4°C

Holding Time

28 days

1 4 days

48 hours

3.4 Schedule of Sampling Activities

Sampling activities are summarized in Table D.

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Table DProposed Schedule of Work For Air Sampling Activities

ActivityScreening and Sampling

Deliver to laboratory

Receive raw data

Start Date08-19-03

08-19-03

09-04-03

End Date

08-19-03

3.5 Analytical Methods and Procedures

The analytical methods to be used are presented in Table A. General fieldQC considerations and requirements are presented in Table E.

Table E

QC Sample Number/Frequency Evaluation Comments/Exceptions

FIELD SPECIFIED QA/QC

Background or referencesample

Field Blanks

Sampling Media

Equipment blanks

Field Duplicates

At least one sample should be collectedfrom an area believe to be unaffected bysource contamination.

1 per SDG1, per matrix, per method

1 per SDG, per matrix, per method

1 per SDG, per matrix, per method

1 per SDG, per matrix, per method

Source samplesshould be at least3 times background.

Source samplesshould be at least3 times the blank.

Source samplesshould be at least3 times the blank.

Source samplesshould be at least3 times the blank.

50 to 200 RPD2

collect 1 background samplefor metals and SVOCs

Do not collect field blanks forthis event.

Not applicable.

Do not collect equipmentblanks for this event.

Collect 1 field duplicate at alocation to be determined forSVOCs, metals, and VOCs.

SELECTED LABORATORY QA/AC

Method Blank (MB)

Matrix Spike

1 per SDG, per matrix, per method.

1 per SDG, per matrix, per method onfield designated sample.

Stds and samplesshould be at least3 times the blank.

75-125%R3

This is a laboratory QC task.

Designate sample on COC.

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Matrix Spike Duplicate orReplicate

Reference Standards

Internal Standards

Laboratory ControlStandards

1 per SDG, per matrix, per method onfield designated sample.

1 per SDG, per matrix, per method.

All samples.

1 per SDG, per matrix, per method.

<50 RPD forOrganics; <20 RPDfor metals.

75-125%R

50 -200 %R

75- 125%R

Designate sample on COC.

If available.

All GC/MS and some GCanalyses only

Per method for organic analyses

1 SDG = Sample Delivery Group (Maximum 20 samples)2 RPD = Relative Percent Difference3 %R = Percent Recovery

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3.6 Project Laboratories

Laboratories used for this project are summarized in Table F.

Table FLaboratories

Lab Name/ Location

Oceanic Analytical Laboratory, Oahu, HI

Methods

Metals, SVOCs, VOCs

4.0 Project Organization and Responsibilities

Project personnel and responsibilities are summarized in Table G.

Table GSample Team(s) Personnel

Personnel (Agency) Responsibility

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