Ralph Waldo Emerson

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SAN MARCOS UNIVERSITY AMERICA LITERATURE School: Education Student: Elida cullanco menenses Teacher: Yony Cárdenas Cornelio

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AMERICA LITERATURE

Transcript of Ralph Waldo Emerson

Page 1: Ralph Waldo Emerson

SAN MARCOS UNIVERSITY

AMERICA LITERATURE

School: Education Student: Elida cullanco

menensesTeacher: Yony Cárdenas

Cornelio

Page 2: Ralph Waldo Emerson

(May 25, 1803 – April 27, 1882) was an American essayist, philosopher,

lecturer, and poet.

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Emerson was born in

Boston, Massachusetts.

He was son of Ruth

Haskins and William

Emerson.

He was the second of five

sons who survived into

adulthood.

His father died from

stomach cancer on May 12,

1811.

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One of the greatest influence

on his childhood was his aunt

Mary Moody Emerson, a great

lover of women Puritan

culture.

He studied at Harvard

University.

He studied theology at

Harvard Divinity School and

was ordained pastor in 1829.

In 1829 he married Ellen

Tucker. In 1831 she died of

tuberculosis.

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A year later he abandoned

his ecclesiastical career and

moved to Europe, traveling in

Italy, England, France and

Scotland.

In 1834 he returned to his

country to settle in Concord, a

town in which he lived with

his second wife, Lydia

Jackson, with whom he had

married in 1835.

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Along with his role as

writer, cultivating poetry

and essays, Ralph Waldo

Emerson was an

influential intellectual

who also left their mark

on European thought.

He died of pneumonia

in Concord, April 27,

1882. He was 78.

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The joy, the more you spend, The joy, the more you spend, the more it remains.the more it remains.

Every man alone is sincere, as Every man alone is sincere, as is a second person hypocrisy is a second person hypocrisy

begins. begins.

Confidence in yourself is the Confidence in yourself is the first secret of success.first secret of success.

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Emerson begins "Self-Reliance" by defining genius: "To believe your

own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart

is true for all men—that is genius.’’ Every educated man, he writes,

eventually realizes that ‘‘envy is ignorance" and that he must be

truly himself. God has made each person unique and, by extension,

given each person a unique work to do, Emerson holds. To trust one's

own thoughts and put them into action is, in a very real sense, to

hear and act on the voice of God.

Emerson adds that people must seek solitude to hear their own

thoughts, because society, by its nature, coerces men to conform. He

goes so far as to call society "a conspiracy against the manhood of

every one of its members."

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Individualism

Emerson repeatedly calls on

individuals to value their own

thoughts, opinions, and

experiences above those

presented to them by other

individuals, society, and

religion. This radical

individualism springs from

Emerson's belief that each

individual is not just unique

but divinely unique; i.e.,

each individual is a unique

expression of God's

creativity and will.

Trust Your Own Inner Voice

Emerson urges his readers to retain

the outspokenness of a small child

who freely speaks his mind. A child

he has not yet been corrupted by

adults who tell him to do otherwise.

He also urges readers to avoid

envying or imitating others viewed

as models of perfection; instead, he

says, readers should take pride

in their own individuality and

never be afraid to express their

own original ideas.

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GENIUS: "To believe your own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart is true for all men-that is

genius”

GENIUS: "To believe your own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart is true for all men-that is

genius”

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Society everywhere is in conspiracy against the manhood of every

one of its members. Society is a joint-stock company, in which the

members agree, for the better securing of his bread to each shareholder, to

surrender the liberty and culture of the eater.  The virtue in most requests is

conformity.  Self-reliance is its aversion.  It loves not realities and creators,

but names and customs.

        Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist. He who would

gather immortal palms must not be hindered by the name of goodness, but

must explore if it be goodness.  Nothing is at last sacred but the

integrity of your own mind.  Absolve you to yourself, and you shall have

the suffrage of the world.  I remember an answer which when quite young I

was prompted to make to a valued adviser, who was wont to importune me

with the dear old doctrines of the church. On my saying, what have I to do

with the sacredness of traditions, if I live wholly from within? My friend

suggested, -- "But these impulses may be from below, not from above."

Society everywhere is in conspiracy against the manhood of every

one of its members. Society is a joint-stock company, in which the

members agree, for the better securing of his bread to each shareholder, to

surrender the liberty and culture of the eater.  The virtue in most requests is

conformity.  Self-reliance is its aversion.  It loves not realities and creators,

but names and customs.

        Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist. He who would

gather immortal palms must not be hindered by the name of goodness, but

must explore if it be goodness.  Nothing is at last sacred but the

integrity of your own mind.  Absolve you to yourself, and you shall have

the suffrage of the world.  I remember an answer which when quite young I

was prompted to make to a valued adviser, who was wont to importune me

with the dear old doctrines of the church. On my saying, what have I to do

with the sacredness of traditions, if I live wholly from within? My friend

suggested, -- "But these impulses may be from below, not from above."

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VOCABULARYManhood: the state or time of being an adult man

rather than a boy.

Joint-stock company: a company that is owned by all

the people who have shares in it.

Shareholder: an owner of shares in a company or

business.

Conformity: behavior or actions that follow the

accepted rules of society.

Hinder: to make it difficult for sb to do sth or sth to

happen.

Consistency: the quality of always behaving in the

same way or of having the same opinions, standard, etc.

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1. How does society conspire against manhood? Why must a man be a non-

conformist?

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2. According to Emerson, why is it problematic for an individual to be

concerned with “consistency”?

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1. How does society conspire against manhood? Why must a man be a non-

conformist?

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2. According to Emerson, why is it problematic for an individual to be

concerned with “consistency”?

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1. What I must do is all that concerns me, not what the

people think.  This rule, equally arduous in actual and in

intellectual life, may serve for the whole distinction between

greatness and meanness.

1. What I must do is all that concerns me, not what the

people think.  This rule, equally arduous in actual and in

intellectual life, may serve for the whole distinction between

greatness and meanness.Comment: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Comment: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. I have to be myself. I can not break for more time for

yourself, or you. If you can love me for who I am, we will be

happier.

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Comment: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Insist on yourself; never imitate. Your own gift

you can present every moment with the cumulative

force of a whole life's cultivation; but of the adopted

talent of another, you have only an extemporaneous,

half possession.

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CONCLUSIONS:

1. What mistakes do we make in terms of imitating others?

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2. Emerson strongly urges readers to trust their own insight and

common sense when making a decision. Is this advice flawed in any

way? Why?

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