RADIOTRACERS IN PHARMACY

RADIOTRACERS IN PHARMACYSubmitted by:Viraj SukthankarDept. of PharmaceuticsKLE college of PharmacyBelagavi-Karnataka.

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CONTENTS:

IntroductionPreparation and Characterization of radiotracersApplications of radiotracersNuclear Imaging TechniquesMarketed ProductsPatentsFuture scopeConclusion and References.KLEU'S College of Pharmacy2

Introduction:A radioactive tracer, or radioactive label, is a chemical compound in which one or more atoms have been replaced by a radioisotope so by virtue of its radioactive decay it can be used to explore the mechanism of chemical reactions by tracing the path that the radioisotope follows from reactants to products. Radiolabeling is thus the radioactive form of isotopic labeling

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Radioisotopes of hydrogen, carbon, phosphorus, Sulphur, and iodine have been used extensively to trace the path of biochemical reactions. A radioactive tracer can also be used to track the distribution of a substance within a natural system such as a cell or tissue or as a flow tracer to track fluid flow. Radioactive tracers are also used to determine the location of fractures created by hydraulic fracturing in natural gas production. Radioactive tracers form the basis of a variety of imaging systems, such as, PET scans, SPECT scans and technetium scans

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Principle:The basic principle of the radiotracer is that the radioactive tracer will have the same chemical and biochemical properties as that of its non-radioactive counterpart, as the chemical and biochemical properties are governed in both tracer as well as in the non-radioactive entity by their reactivity which are depending only on the number of extra nuclear electrons and their organization in the electronic orbits.

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Classification:Uniformly Labelled (U): Uniformly labeled compounds are labeled in all positions in a uniform or nearly uniform pattern.E.g. L-Valine-14C (U) implies that all carbon atoms in L-valine are labeled with equal amounts of 14C.

Specifically Labelled (S): Chemicals are designated as specifically labeled when all labeled positions are included in the name of the compound and 95% or more of the radioactivity of the compound is at these positions.E.g. Aldosterone1,2-3H implies that