Radiotheraphy and Nuclear Medicine Applications in Turkey€¦ · TAEK (Turkish Atomic Energy...
Transcript of Radiotheraphy and Nuclear Medicine Applications in Turkey€¦ · TAEK (Turkish Atomic Energy...
Radiotheraphy and Nuclear
Medicine Applications in Turkey
Prof. Dr. Osman EROGUL
Phone: +90 312 2924053
TOBB University of Economics & Technology
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Ankara-TURKEY
Thanks for your invitation!!
Outline
Introduction
About Turkey
TAEK (Turkish Atomic Energy Authority)
Medical Institutions & Devices
TAC (Turkish Accelerator Center) Project
R&D potential
Facilities
Ongoing Projects
Medical Studies
TOBB The Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey
Conclusion
Turkey
Republic of Turkey
Foundation: October 29th 1923
Capital: Ankara
Total Area: 783,562 km2
Population: ~81 million
source: TUIK
TAEK (Turkish Atomic Energy Authority)
TAEK is the national authority responsible for licensing and
inspection, R&D and training activities in nuclear energy and
technology.
TAEK undertakes R&D activites by research centers in
collaboration with universities and industry.
CERN activities are coordinated and funded by TAEK since 2006.
Turkey is an associated member of CERN since 6 May 2015.
Turkey is the founding member of SESAME (Synchrotron-Light for
Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East) and
activities in Turkey are coordinated and funded by TAEK.
Turkey: Medical Institutions
Inpatient medical institutions: 1510 (217771 beds)
Universities: 69 (37707 beds)
Private: 565 (47143 beds)
Attached to the Ministry of Health: 876 (132921 beds)
Outpatient medical institutions: 31470
Ongoing City Hospitals Project: 25 Hospitals
source: Ministry of health in Turkey, 2016
Medical and Industrial Accelerators
TAC (Turkish Accelarator Center) Project
TAEK’s 30 MeV Proton Cyclotron Facility for medical radio-isotopes
235 medical linacs for radiotheraphy
17 baby-cyclotrons to produce (18F) FDG and other radioisotopes
3 electron accelerators for experimental and industrial purposes
In addition, there are many diagnostic, radiology, radiography and irradiation units for
medical and industrial applications in Turkey:
Diagnostic and interventional radiology units in medicine : 16233
Diagnostic radiology units in dentistry : 12385
Devices in nuclear medicine laboratories using radioactive sources : 554
X-ray devices for package control : 4802
Vehicle screening devices for security purposes : 55
Industrial radiography/radioscopy units : 760
Irradiation facilities of food and medical devices : 5
Source: TAEK’s Annual Report (2017)
Diagnostic and interventional radiology units
Diagnostic and interventional radiology units in medicine: 16233
Graphy/Scopy: 11105
Angiography: 658
Computerized Tomography: 1668
Mammography: 1603
Bone density measurement: 1113
Microfilm: 86
Source: TAEK’s Annual Report (2017)
Medical Devices
Linear accelerators: 235
Co-60 Teletherapy: 7
Brachytherapy: 73
Cyber knife: 13
Gamma knife: 13
Tomotherapy: 19
Spect: 370
Spect-CT: 59
PET: 3
PET-CT:150
PET-MR: 4
Source: TAEK
Turkish Accelerator Center (TAC) Project
Mission of TAC
To design, construct and use of high energy particle accelerators for scientific
research and technological development in basic and applied sciences in
Turkey and the region.
To form a national accelerator community and a national industrial
production base in accelerator technologies.
To collaborate with international accelerator community.
http://thm.ankara.edu.tr
Contact PersonProf. Dr. Ömer YAVAŞ
+90 312 203 3457
+90 312 485 1377/ 5003
Turkish Accelerator Center (TAC)
First Facility of TAC: TARLA
TARLA is a superconducting electron accelerator based infrared Free Electron
Laser (FEL) and Bremsstarhlung facility that is under construction with the
coordination of Institute of Accelerator Technologies of Ankara University in
Gölbaşı, Ankara
http://tarla.org.tr
First Facility of TAC: TARLA
Infrared FEL & Brems. Facility (TARLA)
TARLA will be ready with FEL in 2021
First beam from DC e-Gun!
April 11, 2013
e-beam energy : up to max. 40 MeV
IR FEL wavelength : 5-400 microns
Energy of Brems. : up to 30 MeV
Research Potential of TARLA
Superconducting
accelerator based
electron beam0 - 40 MeV ,
0-1 (1.5) mA
40 (60) kW
cw / pulsed
Free Electron LaserCoherent IR Radiation (3-250 µm)
• Material, (bio)physics, (bio)chemistry,
medical..
Polarized Bremmstrahlung (0-30 MeV)• Nuclear Physics, Astrophysics, Radiation hardness
• Gamma induced positron spectroscopyRadiator Foil (Al,Nb)
Direct UseElectron Beam (0-40 MeV)• Radyobiolgy, Detector study, Thomson scattering
• Electron difraction, plasma studies
Mono Chromatic Positron (10-300 keV)
• Semiconductors, material, …W Moderator
Crystal Channeling &
Compton Back
Scattering
Quasi Monochromatic X-ray (10-100 keV)
• Radiation physics, Radiobiology..
Lead TargetNeutron Source (0-30 MeV)
• Fission, material, nuclear physics
Bending MagnetTHz Radiation (0.1-3 THz)
• Material research, detector study…
TARLA
“Green field” campus view of TAC
TAC SR Facility
TAC SASE FEL Facility
TAC PAF Facility
Other Buildings:
Institutes, User offices,
Workshops, Library,
Guesthouse etc.
Linac on Ring PF (optional)
TARLA
50 m
International MoUs in Frame of TAC
Memorandum of Understandings between TAC (Turkey) and
DESY, Germany (1996) IHEP-BEPC, China (2011)
CERN CLIC CTF3, Switzerland (2004) European XFEL, Germany (2012)
BESSY-II, Germany (2007) ESS, Sweden (2013)
HZDR, Germany (2007) INFN, Italy (2013)
The Cockcroft Institute, UK (2011)
JAPAN
iFEL, JAERI, KEK
ENGLAND
Cockcroft Inst. USA
ANL, JLab
CHINA
IHEP, BESIII
RUSSIA
BINP
SWITZERLAND
CERN
ITALY
INFN
GERMANY
DESY, FZB-BESSY,
FZDR, European XFEL
JORDAN
SESAMESWEDEN
ESS
TURKEY
TAC
> 400 scientific visits to these centers
TAEK Proton Accelerator Facility
Opening ceremony: May 29, 2012
• The machine
- 15-30 MeV proton cyclotron (Cyclon 30, IBA)
• Main objectives:
- Production of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals (I-123, In-111,
Ga-67, Tl-201 and F-18) and quality control.
- R&D activities on nuclear physics, material science, neutron
activation, irradiation tests, industrial applications.
- Education and training.
• Facility Location:
- SANAEM-TAEK, Ankara
SPECT Related Studies at Northern Cyprus
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Dilber Uzun Ozsahin
Asst. Prof. Dr. Ilker Ozsahin
Department of Engineering,
Biomedical Engineering,
Near East University
North Cyprus
DynamicCardiac-SPECT (DC-SPECT) System:
Design Concept
Specifications:
• Detectors with high IDR (< 2 mm) pixelated by
LIOB technique
• One pinhole collimator per detector module (no
projection overlap). Pinhole diameter: <3 mm
• Large area detector coverage:
• Transaxial: 13-15 detector modules
• Axial: 3-4 modules
• Large number of projections: >36
• Stationary imaging
• Large patient population
• FOV: 18 cm diameter sphere
CsI:TI 10 mm
3 mm hole
70 mm
70 mm
Collimator
Motivation: Develop a cardiac dedicated SPECT system
with higher performance than existing systems cost-
effectively.
DynamicCardiac-SPECT (DC-SPECT) System:
Design Concept
35x45 cm2
Three designs for DC-SPECT platform:
DC-SPECT-1:
• Circular gantry (conventional version)
• 20 cm heart-collimator distance
• 45 detector modules
DC-SPECT-2:
• Circular gantry (skinny people)
• 15 cm heart-collimator distance (according to NEMA standard)
• 36 detector modules
DC-SPECT-3:
• Body-contouring geometry
• 45 detector module
• Heart-collimator distance is different for each module
• 35x45 cm2 torso
DC-SPECT-3 Design:
Stationary Small Animal (SSA)-SPECT System
•High intrinsic resolution: 0.4 mm x
0.4 mm pixel pitch
•Crystal thickness: 5 mm
•Magnification:0.76
•Pinhole diameter:0.3
•One pinhole collimator per detector
module (no projection overlap)
Large number of projections:42
Large area detector coverage:
•Transaxial:14
•Axial: 3 modules
•Stationary imaging
0.4mm
0.4 mm
Array of 58 x 58
individual pixel
5 mm
0.3 mm
17.4 mm
Detector
Collimator19 mm
Awake Animal Functional Imaging to Investigate
the Effects of General Anesthesia on BrainIn Collaborations with Harvard Medical School and
Massachusetts General Hospital
MicroPET Scanner
• Detector diameter 26 cm
• Effective opening (bore) 22 cm
• Transaxial active Field of View 19 cm
• Axial Field of View 7.6 cm
• Number of detector blocks 168
• Pixel element size1.5x1.5x10mm3
• Total number of LSO elements 24,192
• Absolute system sensitivity ≥4.0%
• Resolution at center of FOV ≤1.4 mm
Restraint System
•rat bag
•plastic mask with a bite-bar
•nose pressed down onto the bar with a soft
restraint
•put into a tube which immobilizes the animal via
constraint of the mask equipped with shoulder bars
Animal Imaging Research, Holden, MA, USA
Asociate Membership to CERN and Participation to
CERN Projects
Source: http://www.taek.gov.tr/egitim-arastirma/cern-tr.html
CERN
PROJECTS
Turkey was observer to CERN since 1961 and became associated member in May 6, 2015
More than 200 scientists from
~ 40 Universities are collaborating
with 9 different CERN projects
TOBB Industrial Liaison Office (ILO) @ CERN
Established in June 2015 by the Union of Chambers and Commodity
Exchanges of Turkey (TOBB)
Turkish companies in following sectors are dealing with CERN tenders (1200 hi-tech companies are registered in ILO database)
Electrical engineering and magnets
Electronics and radio frequency
Information technology
Mechanical engineering and raw materials
Vacuum and low temperature
Particle and photon detectors
Optics and photonics
Gases, chemicals, waste collection and radiation equipment
Health, safety and environment
Transport, handling and vehicles
Civil engineering, building and technical services
Office supply, furniture, communication and training
Since 2015 (associate
membership),
Turkish Companies
applied for ~200
tenders of CERN and
they won ~20 of them.
www.tobb.org.tr/cern
ILO representative: Hakan Kızıltoprak, [email protected]
The Union of Chambers and Commodity
Exchanges of Turkey (TOBB)
The umbrella organization of the Turkish private sector
1.5 million members
85% of National Income
77% of Investments
100% of Exports
Conclusions
- Turkish industry has good potential to develope and production of acceletor based
medical systems for national and international demands.
- Ministry of Industry and Technology, Scientific and Technological Research Council of
Turkey (TUBITAK) and Turkish Atomic Energy Authority (TAEK) are funding agencies
for accelerator based projects, applications and international collaborations.
- Turkish universities, institutes and industry are ready to collaborate with not only
European countries but also other countries on national and international projects and
on EU Programmes.
- It is recommended to keep in touch with Turkish Societies related with medicine such
as: Molecular Biology Association of Turkey, Turkish Biochemical Society, Turkish
Cancer Society, Turkish Society of Medical Oncology, Turkish Society for Radiation
Oncology, Turkish Society of Nuclear Medicine etc.
Medical Applications in CERN Presentation
Thanks for your attention!!