Radionuclide Transport in River Systems
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Transcript of Radionuclide Transport in River Systems
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Radionuclide Transport Model
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU Service Contract 99310
Harald KalkaUIT GmbH
Zum Windkanal 2101109 Dresden
Stakeholder-Meeting, Obninsk, 26/27.02.2008
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
The Extraordinary Task
... requires a pragmatic approach.
Ob-Irtysh-BasinD
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Criterions of Science ( Ideal Model )
logical coherence
simplicity and elegance
experimental adequacy
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
There are many River Models.
CE-QUAL-W2
TRANSFER
Com
plex
ity
Model Space
rivNET
RIVTOX
this project
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Why a New Model ?
Huge River System(with Floodplains)
Site-Specific (“made-to-measure”)1
Fast ScenarioAnalysis
no “Black-Box”
Implementation into Warning System2
High Flexibility3Easy Problem-HandlingOpen for Extensions
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Task 5
Project “Monitoring and warning system for the Ob/Irtysh river basin – Russian Federation” EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU Service Contract 99310 Interim Technical Task Report 05 – EAP RU 06 - ITT05- Final
Report on Task 5.1
Final Version, 30.05.2007
The European Union’s TACIS Programme Russian Federation
This project is funded by the European Union
A project implemented by the Consortium WISUTEC Wismut
Umwelttechnik GmbH, Stoller Ingenieurtechnik GmbH and Wismut GmbH, supported by UIT GmbH Dresden and led by WISUTEC GmbH Chemnitz
Complete Model Description
Aug 2007
Dec 2007
Task 5.1
Task 5.2
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Mat
hem
atica
l Bac
kgro
und
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
contamination source junction of two rivers
Contamination SourceJunction of Two Rivers
Compartment Structure
1D-Rivers + Floodplains = 1.5 D Model
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Radionuclide Transfer
solute colloidal
river segments
wind erosion
flood-plain
flood-plain
flood-plain
flood-plain
wind erosion
(seasonal)
(perennial)
Transport
deeper deposits
bedsediment
bedsediment
bedsediment
bedsediment
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
River Flow Hydraulics
Sediment Transport
Nuclide Transport
Hierarchy of Submodels with
Floodplai
ns
The Basis
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
The Basis: Flow Hydraulics
nonlinear PDE
Low Inertia approximation
2
2in
xQDv
xQq
tQ
h
v
QSaint-Venant Eq.
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Flow Hydraulics
Q(t0) Q(t)
Initial Condition
B
hA
mass conservationmomentum conservationSt Venant Eq (1851)
B)t(h)t(vAvQ
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Input Data
90 Sr
137Cs
j(t) in Bq/s
Hydrological Data
Initial Concentrations ( t = 0 )
Radionuclide Sources
Model-Space Discretization
Geometrical / Global Data
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Hydrologic InputQ
(tim
e) H (t)
GeometryJan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
19821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
annual monthly
or
H (Q)
The Model
+
floodplains
river channel
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Test of Numerics
0,95
1,00
1,05
1,10
1,15
1,20
0 40 80 120 160 200 240Distance [km]
Wat
er S
tage
[m]
our model
exact
Distance [km]
Wat
er S
tage
[m]
t = 6 h t = 12 h
t = 24 h
Open Channel Flow
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Model Validation & Calibration
1
2
with Floodplain Inundation
Fast Scenario Simulations
Radionuclide Transport
River System
Water Flow / Water Budget
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
First Model CalculationsRiver Techa – 1998 to 2004
time step Dt = 30 min
207 km with 50 cells á 4 km
Computer Time = 30 s
about 50 runs / dayModel Calibration
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Techa River
0,00,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,91,01,11,21,31,41,5
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Dam 11 Muslyumovo Pershynskoe
05
101520253035404550556065707580
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Dam 11 Muslyumovo Pershynskoe
Water Stage [m]
Discharge [m³/s]
normal
Spring Flood
seasonal (monthly)
annual
Extreme Fluctuations !!
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Floodplains
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
upper reach middle reach lower reach
uppermiddle
lower
1 km 3 km100 m
20 m
Floo
dpla
in W
idth
[m]
25 m
Techa River
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Floodplains
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
25.03.03
04.04.03
14.04.03
24.04.03
04.05.03
14.05.03
24.05.03
03.06.03
13.06.03
-2,0
-1,5
-1,0
-0,5
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
25.03.03
04.04.03
14.04.03
24.04.03
04.05.03
14.05.03
24.05.03
03.06.03
13.06.03
Floo
dpla
in W
idth
[m]
Inflow [m³/s]
Backflow
Techa River
Backflow Inflow
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Transport of Radionuclides
S)CC(AqC
xCAD
xA1
xCv
tC
adsin
in
f)CC(hS1)CC(
ASSq
Cx
CADxA
1x
Cvt
C SBads
SSin
ininS
S
S
SS
dispersionsolute
colloidalsources
sediment
advection decay
adsorption
Sediment Transport
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Radionuclides
Bq/L
Concentration in River Water
Model Calculations
0
5
10
15
20
25
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Muslyumovo Pershinskoe
0,00,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,91,0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Muslyumovo
Pershinskoe
Sr-90
Cs-137
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Scenario A
Sr-9
0 [ k
Bq/L
]
Muslyumovo
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
day 0 day 1 day 2 day 3 day 4 day 5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
day 0 day 1 day 2 day 3 day 4 day 5
Dam 11 Pershynskoe
April
August
Sr-9
0 [ k
Bq/L
]
90Sr input at Dam 11
1 day
100 59 kBq/s
annual mean 2004
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
The Software
Fast running model
Modular Design in C++
Online Graphics
... Interface to Database System
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
The Unseen World
Object OrientedProgramming
103 to 104 Lines
C++
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
Two Types of Simulation
FlowHydrau
lics
TransportAccu
mulationsolute Sediment colloidal
Fast Scenarios(Warning System) X X
Long-Term X X X X X
requires additional Parametersfor sediment and adsorption
EUROPEAID 121579/C/SV/RU: “Monitoring and Warning System for the Ob/Irtysh River Basin”, Service Contract 99310, funded by the European Union
End of Presentation.
Khanty-Mansysk 2007