7/31/2019 Radiation: The other side of the coin. 11 July 2012

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Rmfamvagj? Vhd gvhdr pafd ge vhd `gaj

Fr* Nraphjmom M*[*Otiq ==) 2;=2*

7/31/2019 Radiation: The other side of the coin. 11 July 2012

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Rmfamvagj? Vhd gvhdr pafd ge vhd `gaj

Vhd |grf rmfamvagj gevdj `gjotrdp t{ acmldp ge vhd |grpv najf aj vhd {tbia` cajf? Vhd

mvgca` bgcbajlp aj Hargphacm mjf Jmlmpmna gr vhd jt`idmr fapmpvdrp mv @hdrjgbqi mjf

Etntphacm* Dmriq 2;vh `djvtrq gbpdrumvagjp gj vhd umragtp bagigla`mi deed`vp ge rmfamvagj

dx{gptrd) aj vhd mevdrcmvh ge \grif \mr AA) hdalhvdjdf {tbia` `gj`drj mjf p`adjvaea`

`tragpavq mbgtv vhap fgtbid#dfldf) ajuapabid djalcm* Gevdj m `gjvrgudrpami vg{a` ge hdmvdf

fdbmvd) vhd imqcmj mv vacdp ap tjm|mrd ge vhd vrdcdjfgtp bdjdeavp ge rmfamvagj gr

avp eajdr jtmj`dp* Iand mjq htcmj {rm`va`d mjf avp mppg`amvdf rapnp) vhd bdjdeavp ge

rmfamvagj emr gtv|dalh vhd hmrceti deed`vp |avh otfa`agtp hmjfiajl* Av ap mipg ac{grvmjv

vg rd{im`d vhd edmr ge rmfamvagj aj vhd {tbia` cajf |avh mj m{{rd`amvagj ge |hmv rmfamvagj

bagiglq hmp vmtlhv tp mbgtv bagiglq avpdie) m{mrv ergc lauajl tp ajpalhvp ajvg vhd

bagigla`mi deed`vp ge rmfamvagj*

\d hmf mi|mqp iaudf |avh rmfamvagj mjf `gjvajtd vg iaud aj m jmvtrmiiq rmfagm`vaud |grif?

Pvmrvajl |avh dx{gptrd vg `gpca` rmfamvagj ergc p{m`d (vhgtlh cgpv ge av ap big`ndf bq

dmrvhp mvcgp{hdrd!) vg vhd rmfagm`vaud `mrbgj mjf {gvmppatc `gjvmajdf bq gtr ctp`idp)

gr vhd rmfagm`vaud {gigjatc mjf rmfatc {rdpdjv aj gtr bgjdp vg vhd {rdpdj`d aj gtr itjlp

ge rmfagm`vaud jgbid lmpdp mjf vravatc* Cmj#cmfd m`vauavadp pt`h mp |dm{gjp vdpvajl mjf

jt`idmr {g|dr ldjdrmvagj) gudr vhd impv `djvtrq) hmud etrvhdr aj`rdmpdf bm`nlrgtjf

rmfamvagj*

Vhd tpd ge rmfamvagj mjf jt`idmr vd`hja}tdp aj umragtp eadifp) iand htcmj hdmivh)

mlra`tivtrd) eggf pvgrmld) ajftpvrq) djdrlq) hqfrgiglq) mr`hmdgiglq (`mrbgj fmvajl!)

p{m`d dx{igrmvagj) ldgiglq (cajajl!) m`mfdca`p) p`adj`d) vd`hjgiglq mjf

im| djegr`dcdjv vg cdjvagj m ed|) hmp brgtlhv accdjpd bdjdeavp vg cmjnajf* Vhd

ogtrjdq bdlmj |avh vhd fap`gudrq ge X#rmqp* Mii ge tp mv pgcd {gajv hmud fdeajavdiq

bdjdeavdf ergc vhap cgpv bmpa` ge famljgpva` vggip) mv idmpv mp m `hdpv gr fdjvmi X#rmq*

Rmfamvagj ap mipg m {racd vggi aj vhd vrdmvcdjv ge `drvmaj najfp ge `mj`dr) tpdf davhdr bq

avpdie) gr mp m `gc{idcdjv vg ptrldrq gr frtlp* Rmfagjt`iafdp mjf rmfamvagj m{{ia`mvagjp

mrd jg| |dii dpvmbiaphdf aj cdfa`ajd mjf cgpv {mvadjvp fdraud bdjdeav ergc pgcd egrc ge

jt`idmr cdfa`ajd* Rmfamvagj pgtr`dp mrd dc{igqdf aj famljgpap) vhdrm{q mjf rdpdmr`h*

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Pcmii mcgtjvp ge rmfagapgvg{d vrm`drp mrd tpdf egr famljgpva` mjf rdpdmr`h {tr{gpdp*

Rmfagjt`iafdp mrd vhd {racmrq pgtr`d ge rmfamvagj) dp{d`amiiq aj fdudig{ajl `gtjvradp*

Ajpvrtcdjvp iand `gc{tvdrazdf mxami vgcglrm{hq (@MV! gr `gc{tvdf vgcglrm{hq (@V!

p`mjjdrp aj |ha`h X#rmq cm`hajdp `gjjd`vdf vg `gc{tvdrp aj cm`hajdp {rguafd fg`vgrp

|avh `gigtr acmldp vhmv phg| vhd phm{dp mjf fdvmaip ge ajvdrjmi grlmjp* Vhap hdi{p

{hqpa`amjp ig`mvd mjf afdjvaeq vtcgrp) pazd mjgcmiadp) gr gvhdr {hqpagigla`mi gr etj`vagjmi

fded`vp aj grlmjp* Vhd AMDM aj `giimbgrmvagj |avh vhd \grif Hdmivh Grlmjazmvagj

(\HG! hmp fappdcajmvdf `gc{mrmvaudiq pac{id vd`hja}tdp ge brm`hqvhdrm{q egr `mj`dr ge

vhd `druax*

Vhtp vhd ac{m`v ge rmfamvagj aj cdfa`ajd aj vdrcp ge famljgpap mjf vrdmvcdjv mrd

djgrcgtp* Aj vhd cdfa`mi eadif) cgpv m{{ia`mvagjp mrd bmpdf gj avp vharf dqd vhd mbaiavqge rmfamvagj vg pdd bdqgjf (|hmv ap uapabid! mjf vhd mbaiavq ge ajvdjpd rmfamvagj vg naii `diip*

Vhdrd mrd gvhdr tjfaljaeadf tpdp vgg pt`h mp {rqajl ajvg vrmudidrp ptav`mpdp mjf hmjfbmlp

mv mar{grvp) `hd`najl egr `rm`np aj btaifajlp) {a{diajdp mjf gvhdr pvrt`vtrdp mjf ge `gtrpd)

cgrd faljaeadf tpdp pt`h mp cgjavgrajl egr arrdltimravadp aj vhd vha`njdpp ge {m{dr

{rgft`vp) {impva` eaicp) cdvmi phddvp) `hd`najl egr |difajl drrgrp) cdmptrajl ia}taf idudip

aj imrld pvgrmld vmjnp dv`*

@gcajl vg vhd mlra`tivtrmi pd`vgr) rmfamvagj hmp bddj pt``dppetiiq tpdf aj fdudig{ajl m

jtcbdr ge jd|dr pvrmajp ge eggf `rg{p mjf {imjvp |avh m bdvvdr qadif) |ha`h mrd cgrd

rdpapvmjv vg {dpvp mjf `iacmva` `gjfavagjp pt`h mp hdmuq rmaj gr ergpv vhmj vhd gralajmi

p{d`adp* Jt`idmr m{{ia`mvagjp mrd rgtvajd aj cmjq mrdmp pt`h mp {imjv brddfajl) {dpv

`gjvrgi) pgai edrvaiavq) {rgft`vagj) pvgrmld ge eggf (egr ajpvmj`d) {rdudjvajl p{rgtvajl aj

{gvmvgdp!) mjacmi hdmivh mjf pvtfadp ge {dpva`afd rdpaftdp* Vhd pvdraid ajpd`v vd`hja}td hmp

bddj pt``dppetiiq dc{igqdf gj m imrld p`mid vg `gjvrgi pt`h {dpvp mp vhd Cdfavdrrmjdmj

ertav eiq mjf vhd vpdvpd eiq*

Ajftpvrami m{{ia`mvagjp ajugiud mtvgcmva` {rg`dpp `gjvrgi) jgj#fdpvrt`vaud vdpvajl (JFV!

ge cmvdramip mjf {rgft`vp) mjf {rg`dppajl mjf pvdraiazmvagj bq cdmjp ge arrmfamvagj* JFV

vd`hja}tdp) |hdrdaj vhd cmvdrami gr {rgft`v bdajl mjmiqzdf rdcmajp ajvm`v) mrd bd`gcajl

cgrd {g{timr aj {rg`dpp mjf }tmiavq `gjvrgi cdmptrdp* \grif|afd) mj dpvacmvdf 6);;);;;

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{drpgjp mrd fard`viq `gj`drjdf |avh JFV m`vauavadp* Halh fgpdp ge agjazajl rmfamvagj mrd

tpdf vg pvdraiazd {rd#{m`ndf) rdmfq#vg#tpd cdfa`mi pt{{iadp egr ajed`vagj#erdd hdmivh

`mrd pdrua`dp*

Pvtfadp gj rmfagm`vaud vrm`drp hmud {rguafdf umitmbid jd| ajegrcmvagj gj dppdjvami vrm`ddidcdjvp aj jtvravagj mjf gj hdmivh hmzmrfp mppg`amvdf |avh g``t{mvagjmi mjf

djuargjcdjvmi dx{gptrd vg vgxa` ptbpvmj`dp* Vhd pmcd vd`hja}tdp mrd tpdf vg cgjavgr

idudip ge vgxa` ptbpvmj`dp aj eggf) mar mjf |mvdr) {rguafajl m bmpap egr rdltimvagj mjf

`gjvrgi*

Rmfamvagj hmp avp tpd aj hqfrgiglq mp |dii* \mvdr rdpgtr`d ajudpvalmvagjp mjf vhd miiadf

eadifp ge pdfacdjvmvagj mjf ldgvhdrcmi dx{igrmvagj cmnd tpd ge apgvg{d vd`hja}tdp vg

mppdpp vhd {gvdjvami ge tjfdrlrgtjf |mvdr pgtr`dp mjf vg afdjvaeq idmnmldp ergc fmcp mjfrdpdrugarp* Vhd aj`rdmpajl `gpv ge gai hmp {rguafdf mj ac{dvtp vg rdpdmr`h ldgvhdrcmi

djdrlq* Apgvg{d vd`hja}tdp mlmaj `gcd aj hmjfq aj pt`h rdpdmr`h) |ha`h ajugiudp

dumitmvajl vdc{drmvtrdp ge eitafp mv lrdmv fd{vhp*

Cmjq ge vhdpd bdjdea`ami tpdp aj cdfa`ajd) mlra`tivtrd) eggf arrmfamvagj mjf ajftpvrq mrd

mj geephggv ge vhd m{{ia`mvagjp ge fap`gudradp aj rmfamvagj p`adj`dp* Rmfamvagj hmp bddj mj

deed`vaud vggi vg {rgbd etjfmcdjvmi bagigla`mi {rg`dppdp* (O*P* Bdfegrf mjf \*@*Fd|dq

2;;2* Rmfamvagj Rdpdmr`h =48* 24=#21=* Hapvgra`mi mjf `trrdjv halhialhvp aj rmfamvagjbagiglq? Hmp mjqvhajl ac{grvmjv bddj idmrjdf bq arrmfamvajl `diip7! Av ap mj argjq vhmv vhd

hmrceti mjf bdjdea`ami deed`vp ge rmfamvagj |drd earpv gbpdrudf aj htcmjp mjf jgv ca`d*

Vhd jmud dx{dradj`d mjf hmrf njg`np pteedrdf bq dmriq rmfagiglapvp mjf rmfamvagj

p`adjvapvp {mudf vhd |mq egr vhd pvrajldjv {rgvg`gip ge vgfmq* Vg pgcd dxvmjv) vhd

pvmjfmrfp mjf ltafdiajdp egr rmfamvagj {rgvd`vagj fdraudf ergc vhd {raj`a{idp ge Rmfamvagj

ldjdva`p g|df ct`h vg vhd dmriq ldjdva`apvp iand Ctiidr) Pvmfidr) Lggfp{rdmf mjf Gipgj*

Jgbdi imtrdmvd Bmrbmrm C`@iajvg`n) |avh hdr pvtfadp gj vhd {gppabid `hrgcgpgcmi bmpap

egr X#rmq ctvmldjdpap aj cmazd) |mp mjgvhdr jgvmbid ldjdva`apv ge vhap dmriq drm mjf m

{raj`a{mi egtjfdr ge vhd jd| p`adj`d ge `qvgldjdva`p* Cmjq em`vp ge lrdmv etjfmcdjvmi

ac{grvmj`d aj ldjdva`p hmud bddj idmrjv bq arrmfamvajl `diip* Fap`gudradp pt`h mp)

vrmjp{gpmbid didcdjvp) duafdj`d iajnajl ldjdva` cmvdrami vg jt`ida` m`afp) `dii `q`id `hd`n

{gajvp) gxafmvaud pvrdpp) FJM rd{mar) ldjdva` fapdmpdp |avh fded`vaud FJM rd{mar)

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ctvmldjdpap) vhd iajn bdv|ddj ctvmldjdpap mjf `mr`ajgldjdpap) ldjgca` ajpvmbaiavq mrd m

ed| mrdmp aj |ha`h |dud lmajdf bdvvdr ajpalhv bq arrmfamvajl `diip* Vhrtpv mrdmp ge pvtfq

aj vhap rdmic vhdj aj`itfdf m`tvd vapptd mjf vtcgr rdp{gjpdp egr m{{ia`mvagjp aj cdfa`ajd)

|hgid bgfq rmfamvagj deed`vp aj {imjv mjf mjacmi pqpvdcp) rmfamvagj ldjdva`p) rmfamvagj

`qvgldjdva`p) ctvmldjdpap) `mr`ajgldjdpap) ctvmvagj brddfajl) eggf arrmfamvagj) `diitimr

rmfamvagj rdp{gjpdp) `dii `q`id mjf `hd`n{gajv rdp{gjpdp) m{g{vgpap) cgid`timr vmrldvp)

umramvagjp aj rmfagpdjpavuavq mjf ldjdva` `gjvrgi ge rmfagpdjpavuavq* Vhd eadif ge rmfamvagj

bagiglq ap m eajd dxmc{id ge ajvdrfap`a{iajmrq rdpdmr`h ajugiuajl {hqpa`apvp) `hdcapvp)

bagiglapvp mjf cdfa`mi ermvdrjavq* Vhdrd mrd jtcdrgtp dxmc{idp ge {rdpvalagtp m|mrfp)

aj`itfajl vhd Jgbdi (Ctiidr mjf C`@iajvg`n! bdajl `gjedrrdf gj rmfamvagj rdpdmr`hdrp)

aiitpvrmvajl vhd em`v vhmv vhd p`adjvaea` `gcctjavq |afdiq rd`gljazdp vhmv cmjq vhajlp ge

ac{grvmj`d hmud bddj idmrjv bq {dg{id |hg hmud p{djv m `gjpafdrmbid {grvagj ge vhdar

`mrddrp arrmfamvajl `diip*

Aj Cmrad @tradp g|j |grfp) \d ctpv jgv egrldv vhmv |hdj rmfatc |mp fap`gudrdf) jg

gjd njd| vhmv av |gtif {rgud tpdeti aj hgp{avmip* Vhd |grn |mp gjd ge {trd p`adj`d* Mjf

vhap ap {rgge vhmv p`adj`d ctpv jgv bd `gjpafdrdf ergc vhd {gajv ge uad| ge vhd fard`v

tpdetijdpp ge av* Av ctpv bd fgjd egr av pdie) egr vhd bdmtvq ge p`adj`d mjf vhdj vhdrd ap

mi|mqp vhd `hmj`d vhmv m p`adjvaea` fap`gudrq cmq bd`gcd) iand rmfatc) m bdjdeav egr

htcmjavq*

Vhd bdjdeavp ge vhd m{{ia`mvagjp ge rmfamvagj fgjv accdfamvdiq pvrand gjd) mjf |hmv

rdcmajp dv`hdf aj gtr cajf mrd avp emiigtvp (vhd jt`idmr fapmpvdrp dv mi!* Btv vhdpd fmqp)

|hdj A vhajn ge rmfamvagj) vhd {a`vtrd vhmv `gcdp vg cq cajf ap vhmv ge vhd pcaiajl em`dp ge

mj gif `gt{id (vhd htpbmjf ap 86 mjf vhd |aed)