Radiation and Environmental Protection Handbook

MSc Radiation and Environmental Protection 2010-11

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University of Surrey Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences

Department of Physics Guildford, Surrey

GU2 7XH

MSc Radiation and Environmental Protection Handbook 2010 -11 Session


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CONTENTS SECTION A – WHO IS WHO IN THE MSc REP RPOGRAMME 3 SECTION B – PROGRAMME OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES 6 SECTION C – COURSE STRUCTURE, CONTENT AND PATTERN OF DELIVERY 9 SECTION D- FULL MODULE DESCRIPTIONS 14 SECTION E – PRIZES AND SPONSORSHIP 36


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VALIDITY

1. The information in this Course Handbook should be read in conjunction with the

General Regulations for Higher Awards of the University for Students Pursuing Programmes on a Modular Basis.

2. The information contained within this Course Handbook is believed to be accurate at

the time of production. The University and the Faculty is not responsible for errors, omissions or changes which may have occurred.

3. The information in this Course Handbook will be added to during the course with the

issue of additional material. This additional material shall be read as part of the overall Course Guidelines and is

considered to be part of the requirements of the Course which the student is expected to satisfy.

4. The course regulations governing performance requirements for the assignments,

examinations and dissertation will be implemented within the scope of the General Regulations as provided in the General Handbook.


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SECTION A – WHO IS WHO IN THE MSc REP PROGRAMME

COURSE SUMMARY The University of Surrey MSc in Radiation and Environmental Protection is a one-year full-time or two-year part-time modular course designed to provide the student with a thorough grounding in radiation protection and its relation to environmental impact. The course may also be taken on a two-year part-time basis. Students who do not wish to undertake a dissertation project may be awarded a Postgraduate Diploma in Radiation and Environmental Protection or Postgraduate Certificate in Radiation Physics. The following staff members are central to the organisation of this course: Professor Patrick Regan FInstP CPhys Course Director Room 18BC03 Email: [email protected] Telephone: 01483 686783 Dr John Cooper External Examiner The Health Protection Agency (Radiation Protection Division) Mrs Lucie White MSc Course Administrator Room: 04AA02

Email: [email protected] Telephone: 01483 686133 LECTURING STAFF The course is taught by a number of specialists, who are either full time academic staff at the University of Surrey or are based in industries related to radiation and environmental protection. The following paragraphs list the course lecturers and their affiliation. University of Surrey: Prof. David Bradley, Physics Department Prof. Wilton Catford, Physics Department Dr Walter Gilboy, Visiting Senior Fellow, Physics Department Prof. Ben Murdin, Physics Department Prof. Andrew Nisbet, Physics Department and Royal Surrey County Hospital Dr Zsolt Podolyak, Senior Lecturer, Physics Department Prof. Patrick Regan, Course Director, Physics Department Prof Paul Sellin, Head of Department, Physics Department Prof. Nicholas Spyrou, Emeritus Professor, Physics Department Prof. Philip Walker, Physics Department External Lecturers: Dr Jamie Cleaver, Senior Lecturer, Chemical and Process Engineering Department Dr Elizabeth A. Ainsbury Lectures on Stochastic and Deterministic Effects of Radiation and Biological Dosimetry Senior Radiation Protection Scientist Health Protection Agency (RPD), Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ


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Mr Gareth Beard Lectures on Environmental Protection Head of Environment Group AWE plc, Aldermaston, Berkshire, RG7 4PR Dr Simon Bouffler Lectures on Cellular Radiobiology and Carcinogenesis Cell/Molecular Biologist Head of Radiation Effects Department, Health Protection Agency (RPD), Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ Mr Raj Bunger Lectures on Non-ionising Radiation Radiation Protection Advisor Aurora Health Physics Services Ltd, Harwell Innovation Centre, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QG Professor Roger Clarke, CBE, DUniv, FRCR, FSRP Lectures on ICRP Recommendations and ICRP 103 Emeritus member of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Former UK Representative to the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation Visiting Professor Dr Chris Elliott FREng Lectures on Perception and Governance of Risk System Engineer and Barrister Pitchill Consulting Ltd, Magalee, Moon Hall Road, Ewhurst, Surrey GU6 7NP Dr George Etherington Lectures on Biokinetics and Dosimetry of Radionuclides Health Protection Agency (RPD), Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ Dr Bahram Ghiassee BS, MSc, DIC, PhD, MBA, LLB, LLM Lectures on Environmental Protection - Law and Policy Independent Consultant / Senior Lecturer, Kingston University Member, UK Environmental Law Association, Member, International Nuclear Law Association (Brussels) Dr Richard Haylock BSc, MSc, PhD Lectures on Radiation Epidemiology Statistician / Epidemiologist Health Protection Agency (RPD), Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ Dr Iain Holloway Lectures on Nuclear Reactors and Future Designs Nuclear Department, HMS Sultan, Gosport, Hants Visiting Researcher at University of Surrey Mr Dominic Jones, RPA, CRadP Lectures on Nuclear Decommissioning Head of Radiation Protection AWE plc, Aldermaston, Berkshire, RG7 4PR


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Mr Rob Kenyon, MSc Lectures on Practical Radiation Protection GE Healthcare, White Lion Road, Amersham, Bucks HP7 9LL Dr John Lillington Lectures on Nuclear Power, Present and Future, Fuel Cycle and Materials and Thermal Hyrdaulics and Reactor Safety Serco, 308/A32 Winfrith, Dorchester, Dorset DT2 8DH Mr Robert Major Lectures on Decommissioning and Radioactive Waste Disposal Amec, The Renaissance Centre, Birchwood Park, Birchwood, Warrington, WA3 6GN Mrs Emma Oakley MSc Lectures on Ionising Radiation Regulations, Natural & Man-made Sources & Population Exposures

Mrs Debbie Peet Lectures on Basic Safety Standards and Euratom Directives Head of the Radiation Protection Services and Radiation Protection Advisor Radiation Protection Services, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XX Dr Azadeh Peyman Lectures on Measurement of Electromagnetic Fields Senior Radiation Protection Scientist Electromagnetic Fields Group, Non-ionising Radiation Department, Health Protection Agency (RPD), Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ Dr John Roberts Lectures on Radioactive Waste Management, the NDA and the CORWM process External Liaison Manager for the Dalton Nuclear Institute and Nuclear Fellow for the Engineering Doctorate Programme Dalton Nuclear Institute, The University of Manchester Dr Zenon Sienkiewicz, BSc, PhD Lectures on Biological Effects of Non-Ionising Radiation. Radiobiologist Health Protection Agency (RPD), Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ Mr Nigel Smith Lectures on Nuclear Industry Safety Case Principles Serco, 308/A32 Winfrith, Dorchester, Dorset DT2 8DH Dr Michael Thorne, BSc, PhD, FSRP Lectures on the Distribution and Transport of Radionuclides in the Environment. Environmental Scientist Mike Thorne & Associates Ltd


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SECTION B - PROGRAMME OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES

PROGRAMME OBJECTIVES Radiation has always been a natural part of our environment and continues to be a topic of great public concern. Natural radioactive sources in the soil, water and air contribute to our exposure to ionising radiation, as well as man-made sources resulting from mining and use of naturally radioactive materials in power generation, nuclear medicine, consumer products, military and industrial applications. The understanding of mankind's impact on the environment, both locally and globally, assumes ever-increasing importance. The ability to apply nuclear and radiation technology has a key role in the health sector, plays a principal part in national defence and is essential for the continued operation of existing nuclear power stations. It is also essential to nuclear and radiation decommissioning and clean-up, and to support a wide spectrum of research, development and manufacturing activity. Radiation Protection can act as a technical and organisational model for the broader concept of Environmental Protection which is a view shared by the National Radiological Protection Board. The course aims to provide a thorough grounding in Radiation Protection, with particular emphasis on ionising radiations, though non-ionising radiations such as UV sources, lasers, radiowaves and low frequency electric and magnetic fields are also covered briefly to give an introduction to non-ionising electromagnetic radiation. The course benefits from the flourishing departmental research programmes in fundamental and applied nuclear physics and in radiation physics. The course is largely physics based and is suitable for graduates with good honours degrees in physics or in other combinations of subjects with a physical science content. Students with degrees in medicine, chemistry, mathematics, materials technology, biochemistry, biology, marine biology, geology, zoology, forensic science and environmental sciences have all passed successfully through the course in previous years, together with the more numerous students holding physics qualifications. A combination of physical and biological sciences is particularly suited to some subsequent careers such as hospital physics, and students with a geology background can make contributions to the increasingly important field of radioactive waste disposal. We guide the private study of our non-physics entrants and monitor their progress in the first part of their studies. Following the completion of the formal, modular examinations the students undertake a dissertation project in order to pursue the full MSc degree in Radiation and Environmental Protection. The student's background, aptitude and interests are taken into account when selecting topics for the MSc dissertation.


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PROGRAMME OUTCOMES In line with the University Descriptor for a qualification at Masters (M) level, students graduating from the MSc in Radiation and Environmental Protection should be able to demonstrate: Subject knowledge and skills � A systematic understanding of Radiation and Environmental Protection in an academic

and professional context together with a critical awareness of current problems and / or new insights.

� A comprehensive understanding of techniques applicable to their own research project in Radiation and / or Environmental Protection.

� Originality in the application of knowledge, together with a practical understanding of radiation-based, experimental research projects.

� An ability to evaluate and objectively interpret experimental data pertaining to radiation detection.

� Familiarity with generic issues in management and safety and their application to Radiation and Environmental Protection in a professional context.

Core academic skills � The ability to plan and execute under supervision, an experiment or investigation and to

analyse critically the results and draw valid conclusions from them. Students should be able to evaluate the level of uncertainty in their results, understand the significance of uncertainty analysis and be able to compare these results with expected outcomes, theoretical predictions and/or with published data. Graduates should be able to evaluate the significance of their results in this context.

� The ability to evaluate critically current research and advanced scholarship in the discipline of radiation protection.

� The ability to deal with complex issues both systematically and creatively, make sound judgements in the absence of complete data, and communicate their conclusions clearly to specialist and non-specialist audiences.

Personal and key skills � The ability to communicate complex scientific ideas, the conclusions of an experiment,

investigation or project concisely, accurately and informatively. � The ability to manage their own learning and to make use of appropriate texts, research

articles and other primary sources. � Responsibility for personal and professional development. Ability to use external

mentors for personal / professional purposes. On successful completion of the PGDip, it is intended that students should be able to demonstrate: Subject knowledge and skills � A systematic understanding of Radiation and Environmental Protection in an academic

and professional context together with a critical awareness of current problems and/or new insights.

� Originality in the application of knowledge, together with a practical understanding of radiation-based, experiments.

� An ability to evaluate and objectively interpret experimental data pertaining to radiation detection.

� Familiarity with generic issues in management and safety and their application to Radiation and Environmental Protection in a professional context.


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Core academic skills � The ability to plan and execute under supervision, an experiment and to analyse critically

the results and draw valid conclusions from them. Students should be able to evaluate the level of uncertainty in their results, understand the significance of uncertainty analysis and be able to compare these results with expected outcomes, theoretical predictions and / or with published data. Graduates should be able to evaluate the significance of their results in this context.

� The ability to deal with complex issues both systematically and creatively, make sound judgements in the absence of complete data and communicate their conclusions clearly to specialist and non-specialist audiences.


investigation or project concisely, accurately and informatively. � The ability to manage their own learning and to make use of appropriate texts, research

articles and other primary sources. � Responsibility for personal and professional development. Ability to use external

mentors for personal / professional purposes. On successful completion of the PGCert in Radiation Physics, it is intended that students should be able to demonstrate: Subject knowledge and skills � A systematic understanding of Radiation Physics in an academic and professional

context together with a critical awareness of current problems and / or new insights. � A practical understanding of radiation-based, experiments. � An ability to evaluate and objectively interpret experimental data pertaining to radiation

detection. � Familiarity with generic issues in management and safety and their application to

Radiation Protection. Core academic skills � The ability to plan and execute under supervision, an experiment and to analyse critically

the results and draw valid conclusions from them. Students should be able to evaluate the level of uncertainty in their results, understand the significance of uncertainty analysis and be able to compare these results with expected outcomes, theoretical predictions and/or with published data. Graduates should be able to evaluate the significance of their results in this context.


investigation or project concisely, accurately and informatively.


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SECTION C - COURSE STRUCTURE, CONTENT AND PATTERN OF DELIVERY

COURSE STRUCTURE Full time students normally take the course over a one year period starting in September. However, the course is also designed to be taken over two years by part-time students on a day release basis from their place of employment. Full time students attend lectures and laboratory classes on Mondays and Thursdays during Semesters 1 and 2. Part time students attend on Mondays during Year 1 and Thursdays during Year 2. Full time students sit six examination papers which take place in May / June, after which they undertake a summer dissertation project over 10 weeks. Satisfactory completion of both the examinations and project will lead to the award of the MSc degree in Radiation and Environmental Protection. Alternative exit awards also exist, namely, the Postgraduate Diploma (PGDip) in Radiation and Environmental Protection and the Postgraduate Certificate (PGCert) in Radiation Physics. The academic requirements for these awards are described in the General Handbook. Start date of course Week 1 of Semester 1, Monday 4 October 2010 Finish date of course Summer Vacation period, Friday 09 September 2011 Induction Week During Induction Week the students will be introduced to the course by the Course Director. The student will receive instruction on safety procedures, use of the University library, register for computing and will be required to participate in a photograph session. Part time students are encouraged to attend activities during the Induction Week. Teaching Days The formal lectures and laboratory sessions on the course will be taught over two full days a week, i.e. 3 hours in the morning and 3 hours in the afternoon. Coursework Completion of all assessed course elements is compulsory. This includes laboratory work and all examinations. (See Appendix A in the General Handbook, for details on report format.) Professional Placements Professional placement does not form an integral part of the course. However, placement in an industrial or hospital setting is encouraged for dissertation work. It is the ultimate responsibility of the student to obtain such a placement if they so wish, but informal support will be offered by the Course Director and academic members of the department to help those students who wish to pursue this option. There is no additional financial support for any student undertaking an external project through the university, but in certain cases, the industrial placement might pay a partial salary or expenses for the students project work, such a through the EMPower scheme for example.


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COURSE CONTENT The MSc course in Radiation and Environmental Protection comprises 8 taught topics and one laboratory based topic, each of which is mandatory. There are also a number of industrial visits (typically two or three) are arranged during the course. Topics 1 to 4 build expertise in the basic physics and human biology which underpins Radiation and Environmental Protection. Topics 5 to 8 develop an understanding of how to apply the core knowledge in the area of Radiation and Environmental Protection. The eight modules with associated contact hours including schedule tutorial sessions are: 1. Radiation Physics [48 hours lectures, 60 hours (Radiation Physics lectures And Radiation Laboratories) specialist radiation laboratories] 2. Radiation Measurement [33 hours] 3. Nuclear Power & Non-ionising Radiation [33 hours] 4. Radiation Biology [33 hours] 5. Radiation Protection [33 hours] 6. Environmental Physics and Environmental Protection [33 hours] 7. Extended Project [30 hours] 8. Research Project and Dissertation [370 hours] (10 weeks @ 37 hrs per week)

The following information describes each of these topics, listing their individual aims and content. Appropriate reading lists are supplied, and students are encouraged to study (though not necessarily purchase) these texts. PATTERN OF DELIVERY The diagrams on the following three pages give an overview of the structure of the course for full-time students taking the course over one year and for part-time students taking the course over two years. Detailed lecture timetables will be distributed to students during Induction and the first week of Semester Two. FULL TIME STUDENTS (Teaching on two days per week - Mondays and Thursdays. Project full time) PART TIME STUDENTS Year 1: (Teaching on Mondays) Year 2: (Teaching on Thursdays)


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week Mon 10-13 Mon 14-17 Thu 10-13 Thu 14-17

0

1 M1 M1 GSM M4 Lab Intro 1

2 M1 M1 GSM M4 Lab Intro 2

3 M1 M1 GSM M4 RS

4 M1 M1 lab1 M4 M1 lab1








Vacation

Vacation

Vacation

12 M1 M1 lab9a M7 PROJ M7 PROJ

13 M1 M1 lab9b M7 PROJ M7 PROJ

14 M7 PROJ M1 lab10a M7 PROJ M7 PROJ

15 M7 PROJ M1 lab10b M7 PROJ M7 PROJ

1 M2 M3 REP M5 M6

2 M2 M3 REP M5 M6

3 M2 M3 REP M5 M6

4 M2 M3 REP M5 M6

5 M2 M3 REP M5 M6

6 M2 M3 REP M5 M6

7 M2 M3 REP M5 M6

8 M2 M3 REP M5 M6

9 M2 M3 REP M5 M6

Vacation

Vacation

Vacation

Vacation

10 M2 M3 REP M5 M6

11 M1/M2 TUT M3 TUT REP M5/M4 TUT M6 TUT

12 Self Revision

13 EXAMS

14 EXAMS

15 EXAMS


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ARRANGEMENTS FOR PART-TIME STUDENTS Part-time students in their first year attend Monday and in their second year, attend on Thursdays. There are a number of occasional activities timetabled on Wednesdays which part time students are encouraged to attend. These include industrial visits (typically two or three) during the course and supplementary lectures. Year One Modules 1, 2 and 3 are completed in Year 1. Part-time students must submit a total of four Laboratory Reports. The first two reports should be submitted by Monday morning 09.00am, Week 12 (10

th January 2011) to allow

constructive feedback and to ensure that the Laboratory Reports are of the required standard. The remaining two reports must be submitted by the end of the Semester 1 in Year 2. Exams Papers for modules 1, 2 and 3 are sat in the first year. Year Two Modules 4, 5, 6 and 8 are completed in Year 2 Extended Project (Module 7) begins after exams and can continue through the Autumn Semester of the second year. An oral presentation on the project is then delivered in the February of the second year, with formal submission being at the same time as full time students (i.e., early in the Semester 2 of Year 2). Exams: Papers 4 - 6 sat in the second year Dissertation (Module 8) begins in the Summer of the second year with submission being at the same time as full time students, i.e. second week in September.


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ARRANGEMENTS FOR PG CERTIFICATE AND PG DIPLOMA STUDENTS Possible alternative exit points exist leading to the awards of PG Cert and PG Dip as follows: A student who has been awarded 60 module credits at Level M with minimum passes in Modules 1 and 2 and has completed their programme of study [or by reason of permanent withdrawal or course termination does not continue on their programme and does not satisfy the requirements for any higher award] may be awarded the Postgraduate Certificate in accordance with the General Regulations. A student who has been awarded 120 credits at Level M, with Modules 1 and 2 as core components and has completed their programme of study [or by reason of permanent withdrawal or course termination does not continue on their programme and does not satisfy the requirements for any higher award] may be awarded the Postgraduate Diploma in accordance with the General Regulations. Award requirements PGCert Radiation Physics: 60 credits (Modules 1 & 2 core) at level M PgDip Radiation and Environmental Protection (Modules 1 & 2 core) 120 credits at level M MSc (Radiation and Environmental Protection): 180 credits at Level M and completed the programme of study


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SECTION D – FULL MODULE DESCRIPTIONS

Module 1: Radiation Physics

Module Provider: Physics Module Code: PHYM014

Level: M Number of Credits: 30

Module Co-ordinator: Dr Zsolt Podolyak

Module Availability Semester 1 Assessment Pattern

Unit(s) of Assessment Weighting Towards Module Mark (%)

Closed book examination 50 %

Coursework 50%

Part-time Students: Same as for full time students

Qualifying Condition(s) None

Pre-requisite/Co-requisites

None

Module Overview

Lectures provide a detailed and systematic overview of atomic and nuclear physics and the interaction of radiation with matter, plus introductory material describing detector operation and dosimetry. Laboratory sessions are designed to provide the student with practical experience in handling radioactive substances, detectors and instrumentation.

Module Aims

To provide the student with a detailed understanding of the structure of matter, radioactivity, types of radiation and the mechanisms by which radiation interacts with matter. To provide the student with the comprehensive understanding of the experimental use of radioactive materials, radiation counting, spectroscopy equipment, dosimetry measurements and standard radiation experimental techniques.

Learning Outcomes

After completing this module, the student should be able to:- Module Specific Skills: � Systematic understanding of the fundamental processes involved with the interaction of

X- and gamma-ray photons, charged particles and neutrons with matter � Critical analysis and self-directed problem solving of the practical aspects of handling

radioactive substances and the ability to extract qualitative and quantitative information about the emitted radiations

� Understand basic evaluation of experimental data using standard statistical methods Discipline Specific Skills: � Confidence in handling radioactive materials � Application of statistical analysis techniques to specialised radiometric data through

appropriate software tools � Application of skills in an experimental context for the measurement for various radiation

emissions in terms of both dosimetry and spectroscopy � Perform a detailed investigation of radiation sources and their interactions in media


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Personal and Key Skills: � Maintain a laboratory diary at a level appropriate of a professional scientist � Critically analyse and summarise data � Provide concise and accurate reporting of findings, including limitations resulting from an

appreciation of equipment capability and the availability of calibration standards

Module Content

Lecturer Title Lecture Lab Hours Hours

Dr D A Bradley Atomic physics: Bohr model, Pauli Exclusion Principle, de Broglie hypothesis, Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, electronic structure of atom, x-ray spectra; Moseley’s law, x-ray fluorescence and x-ray fluorescence yield, Auger electrons. Experimental evidence for size of nucleus; Rutherford scattering, nuclear systematics, nuclear binding energy. Systematic study of nuclear binding energy: Von Weizsäcker Semi-Empirical Mass Formula and Liquid Drop Model, beta decay, energy released during fission of heavy nuclei; Shell Model, Woods-Saxon potential, spin-orbit interaction, Collective-Shell Model. Optical model. Theory of alpha and beta decay; Geiger-Nuttall Law, electron capture. Gamma emissions. Coulomb scattering. Nuclear reactions and kinematics. Breit-Wigner Formula. Fission. Radioactive decay through a chain. Production of radionuclides.

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Dr Z Podolyak Interactions of radiation with matter, photons, neutrons and charged particles. Attenuation coefficients and the Mixture Rule. Concept of neutron flux and cross-section; the neutron spectrum. The interaction of electrons (and other charged particles) with matter; elastic and inelastic processes, bremsstrahlung and radiative yield, energy dependence. Measurement of radioactivity and standards. Introduction to radiation detectors, describing the basic function and operation of semiconductor, scintillator and gas detectors, counting statistics, dead time and energy resolution.

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Prof P H Regan Introduction to dosimetry measurements, air ionisation chambers, use of absolute standards, calculation of exposure, absorbed dose, and dose rate. Basic biological effects of radiation.

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Prof P H Regan Prof W N Catford Prof P J Sellin Dr Z Podolyak

Radiation Laboratory experiments. Laboratory demonstrations and safety instruction Scripted experiments that students undertake in pairs, one per week. Students undertake 10 one week experiments selected from a range of possible topics.

60

Prof B M Murdin

General Laboratory skills. In particular basic statistical analysis, error analysis, errors on the mean, weighted means, binomial, normal and Poisson distributions, least squares fitting.

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Methods of Teaching/Learning Selected Texts/Journals 1. “Nuclear & Particle Physics”, Blin-Stoyle, R.J., Chapman & Hall (ISBN 0-412-38320-9) 2. “Nuclear Physics: Principles and Applications”, Lilley, J., John Wiley & Sons, 2001 ISBN 0-471-97935) 3. Radiation Laboratory manuals, University of Surrey 4. “Radiation Detection and Measurement”, Knoll, G.F., John Wiley & Sons, 4

th Edition

2010. 1999 Practical Radiation Monitoring, Measurement Good Practice Guide, The NPL, 2002. ISSN 1368-6550

5. “Introduction to Radiological Physics and Radiation Dosimetry”, Frank Herber Attix, Wiley-Interscience Publication, 1986 New York

6. “Introductory Nuclear Physics”, Krane, K.S., John Wiley & Sons, 1988 New York 7. ‘’Introduction to Health Physics, fourth edition’’, Herman Cember and Thomas E. Johnson, ISBN 978-0-07-142308-3 Methods of Assessment This module is assessed in three separate units of assessment: 50% of the marks of the 30 module credits are awarded for Paper 1 which will consist of 6 questions from which students answer 4 questions from 6. The remaining 50% of the module marks will come from (a) the assessment of 4 marked laboratory experimental reports from work carried out in the radiation laboratory which make up 40% of the total module mark; and (b) a class test on the statistics and related laboratory skills which will make up 10% of the final module mark.


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Module 2: Radiation Measurement


Level: M Number of Credits: 15

Module Co-ordinator: Prof Wilton Catford







None

Module Overview

These lectures describe in detail the principles of radiation detection, measurement and dosimetry.

Module Aims

This course will give the student a detailed understanding of the physical/chemical principles underlying the operation of a wide range of techniques for detection/dosimetry of ionising radiation enabling him/her to make appropriate choices of instrumentation in practical situations.

Learning Outcomes

After completing this module, the student will have acquired the following: Module Specific Skills: � Comprehensive understanding of the role of fundamental processes involved with the

interaction of X- and gamma-ray photons, charged particles and neutrons with matter � Planning and implementation of the critical aspects of radiation detection and shielding � Critical analysis of dose calculations and assessments from specific radiation sources � Detailed knowledge of the principles of operation of solid state semi-conductor detectors,

scintillation counters, gas ionization detectors Discipline Specific Skills: � Confidence in handling radiation monitors/detectors and dosemeters � Critical awareness of the selection and application of radiation detectors for different types

of radiation measurement and in what environments � Select appropriate means of measurement for the various radiation emissions in terms of

both dosimetry and spectroscopy � Carry through a detailed investigation of radiation sources and their interactions Personal and Key Skills: � Critical analysis and ability to summarise original dosimetry data � Comprehensive understanding of the methods required to calculate dose and radiation

effects


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Module Content


Prof W N Catford Principles of radiation counting and review of nuclear electronics for selection, recording and analysis of detector outputs. Action of gas filled ionisation chamber and proportional counters, gas multiplication; ion mobility, recombination, pulsed and direct current modes of operation; Geiger-Muller counter, internal and external quenching, practical devices. Scintillation counting with gases, liquids and solids; theory of operation, selection for various applications. Solid state detectors; semiconductor counters, surface barrier detectors, Si(Li), Ge(Li) and hyper-pure Ge.

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Prof P H Regan

Thermoluminescent dosimetry, radio-photoluminescence. Relation between detection and dosimetry; concept of exposure, the Roentgen, air-kerma, exposure measurements with free air chamber. Absorbed dose, dose equivalent, Gray, Sievert, quality factor, radiation and tissue weighting factors, build-up factors, charged particle equilibrium, Bragg-Gray cavity principle, cavity chambers. Primary and secondary dosemeters, calorimetry, chemical dosimetry, gas dosimetry, W-values, stopping power ratio, matching to medium, air and tissue equivalence, interface effects.

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Prof N M Spyrou The activation equation and 1/v absorbers. Source standardisation and radiation spectroscopy. Neutron detection and dosimetry, mixed field dosimetry, fission track detectors, and neutron spectrometry.

3

Methods of Teaching/Learning Selected Texts/Journals 1. “Radiation Detection and Measurement”, Knoll, G.F., John Wiley & Sons, 4

th Edition

2010 2. “Introduction to Radiological Physics and Radiation Dosimetry”, Frank Herber Attix,

Wiley-Interscience Publication, 1986 New York 3. “Nuclear Physics: Principles and Applications”, Lilley, J., John Wiley & Sons, 2001

(ISBN 0-471-97935) 4. “Fundamentals of Radiation Dosimetry”, Greening, Hilger 1985 (Medical Physics

Handbooks 15) 5. “Radiological Risk, Assessment and Environmental Analysis”, Till and Grogan, (ISBN:

978-019-51272), Oxford University Press 6. “Introduction to Health Physics”, Herman Cember (ISBN: 0-07-105461-8), McGraw-Hill 7. “Radioactive Fallout After Nuclear Explosions and Accidents (Radioactivity in the

Environment)”, Iurii Izrae, (ISBN: 0-08-043855-5), Elsevier Science 8. “Radiation Protection in the Health Sciences”, (ISBN: 978-981-270-5), World Scientific

Publishing 9. “Introduction to Radiation Protection Dosimetry”, (ISBN: 978-981-02-21), World

Scientific Publishing


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Methods of Assessment This module is assessed in Paper II which will consist of 6 questions. Students answer 4 questions from the 6. Full marks for 4 questions will be equivalent to 100 % of the total marks available in assessment of this module.


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Module 3: Nuclear Power and Non-Ionising Radiation


Level: M Number of Credits:

15

Module Co-ordinator: Prof Patrick Regan







None

Module Overview

This course describes the physical propagation of electromagnetic radiation, its interaction and effect in biological tissue and methods for calculating dosimetry of non-ionising radiation. Radiation types considered range from power transmission at the very low end of the spectrum through radio waves ending with the frequencies of optical radiation. Legislative and standardisation issues for EM fields also will be discussed. This course will also provide an overview of optical radiation safety, introducing the relevant safety legislation and standards and appropriate control measures and protection hierarchy. Following an introduction to neutron interactions and the underlying concepts in reactor physics, this course describes reactor operation, control and changes in fuel composition, the course concludes with an overview of reactor decommissioning, fuel storage and disposal.

Module Aims

To develop an understanding of the biological effects of time varying electromagnetic fields and radiation on humans, animals and isolated cell preparations. To review the physics of electromagnetic wave propagation and the restrictions on the use of non-ionising radiation. To provide practical information on the legal and technical issues related to restrictions on exposures to and emissions of electromagnetic fields. To understand what optical radiation is and the hazards associated with exposure to it. To understand the current legislation with regard to exposure to optical radiation sources, and to be aware of the relevant standards and guidance. To understand the importance of carrying out risk assessments and implementing control measures to reduce exposure to optical radiation sources. To provide an understanding of reactor operation, reactor physics principles and aspects of nuclear power production at an introductory level. To overview reactor decommissioning and disposal of radioactive materials.

Learning Outcomes

After completing this module, the student should be able to: Module Specific Skills: � Critical analysis of how non-ionising radiation propagates and its interaction with tissue � Critical analysis of the biological basis for setting standards for human exposure to

electromagnetic fields and radiation � Appreciate what effects occur and to be aware of the controversy surrounding the

biological and health effects of non-ionising radiation


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� To have a broad grasp of experiments that have been performed and be aware of their limitations and strengths for setting exposure guidelines

� To understand guidelines for exposure to EM fields, who sets them, who enforces them

and what the legal issues are public and occupational exposures Discipline Specific Skills: � Gain an understanding of the basic concepts of reactor physics � Be able to discuss and assess the importance of factors influencing reactor operation � Be able to discuss problems inherent in reactor decommissioning and disposal � Be aware of present and future activities regarding nuclear power Personal and Key Skills: � Ability to discuss the problems inherent in reactor decommissioning and waste disposal

Module Content


Mr R Bunger Optical radiation, ultra violet radiation, sources and biological effects, laser safety

6

Dr D Jones Practical radiation protection aspects of emergency response

3

Dr Z Sienkiewicz Possible biological effects, acute effects on behaviour and the nervous system, reproduction and development and cancer related effects

3

Dr I Holloway General survey and review of present nuclear power production, nuclear fuel resources and recycling; reactor types and special features.

6

Prof P Regan Reactor physics, neutron induced fission, energy release in fission, concept of neutron flux and cross-section, neutron cycle in thermal reactors, criticality, the six factor formula, effects of fuel and moderator temperature, short and long term changes in fuel. Radioisotope inventory of irradiated fuel, amounts produced, fissile and fertile materials. Differences between thermal reactors and fast reactors; the role of plutonium and higher isotopes. Reactor control and operation, neutron lifetime and delayed neutrons.

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Dr J Lillington Fuel cycle and materials, thermal hydraulics and reactor safety.

6


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Methods of Teaching/Learning Selected Texts/Journals 1. “NIEHS Report on Health Effects from Exposure to Power-Line Frequency Electric and

Magnetic Fields”, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Prepared by the NIEHS EMF-RAPID Program Staff. NIH Publication No. 99-4493. Website - www.niehs.nih.gov/emfrapid/home.htm

2. “A review of the Potential Health Risks of Radiofrequency Fields from Wireless Telecommunication Devices”, an Expert Panel Report prepared at the request of the Society of Canada for Health Canada. Publication No. RSC.EPR 99-1. Website - www.rsc.ca (main address, follow links)

3. “Mobile Phones and Health”, Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones, NRPB, Chilton. Website - www.iegmp.org.uk

4. “Hazards of Optical Radiation”, McKinlay, Harlen and Whillock, Hilger, 1988 5. "Lighting at Work", HSE Guidance Note HS/G, HSE Books, 1987 (ISBN 0 11 883964) 6. "Safety in Universities"; Notes of Guidance Part 2:1 Lasers, CVCP, 1992 7. British standard BS EN 60825:1992, BSI 8. "Lasers Festival and Entertainment Lighting Code", Institution of Lighting Engineers,

1995 9. “Nuclear Physics: An introduction”, Burcham, W.E., Longmans, 1965 10. “Radiation Detection and Measurement”, Knoll, G.F., Wiley, 2nd edition, 1989 11. “Elementary Reactor Physics”, Grant, P.J., Pergamon Press, 1966 12. “Nuclear Reactor Engineering”, Glasstone, S. and Sesonske, A., Van Nostrand, 1967 13. “Fast Breeder Reactors”, Waltar, A.E. and Reynolds, A.B., Pergamon Press, 1980 14. “Radiological Risk, Assessment and Environmental Analysis”, Till and Grogan, (ISBN:

978-019-51272), Oxford University Press 15. “Introduction to Health Physics”, Herman Cember (ISBN: 0-07-105461-8), McGraw-Hill 16. “Radioactive Fallout after Nuclear Explosions and Accidents (Radioactivity in the

Environment)”, Iurii Izrae, (ISBN: 0-08-043855-5), Elsevier Science 17. “Radiation Protection in the Health Sciences”, (ISBN: 978-981-270-5), World Scientific

Publishing 18. “Introduction to Radiation Protection Dosimetry”, (ISBN: 978-981-02-21), World

Scientific Publishing Note: References 5-8 may be borrowed from the University of Surrey Safety Office by

special arrangement. In addition, various course handouts will be provided. Methods of Assessment This module is assessed in Paper III which will consist of 6 questions. Students answer 4 questions from the 6. Full marks for a question will be equivalent to 100 % of the total marks available in assessment of this module.


24

Module 4: Radiation Biology



15

Module Co-ordinator: Prof Andy Nisbet







None

Module Overview

This course starts with an overview of human biology, followed by a discussion of the nature of the interaction of ionising radiation with biological systems. The course emphasises the effects at the cellular level and the impact that this has on the individual and across the population. The behaviour and effects of ingested and inhaled radionuclides are also covered.

Module Aims

To provide an understanding of the human body and the effect on it of ionising radiation.

Learning Outcomes

After completing this module, the student should be able to: Module Specific Skills: � Critical analysis of basic molecular cell and tissue structure and function and description

of the principles of anatomy Discipline Specific Skills: � Describe the control systems of the human body � Application of radiation knowledge to understand basic radiobiology and genetics Personal and Key Skills: � Appreciate science underpinning radiological protection standards

Module Content


Prof A Nisbet Human Biology; the cell, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, nervous system and anatomy

15

Dr S Bouffler Primary events in the cell; deposition of energy from low and high LET radiations; molecular events; DNA damage and repair; cellular radiosensitivity; dose-rate and LET dependence; molecular genetics of radiation cancer, human variation in radiation sensitivity

3


25

Dr E A Ainsbury Acute (non-stochastic) effects after whole and partial body irradiation; damage to red bone marrow, gut epithelium, gonads, optic lens and developing brain of the foetus

3

Dr G Etherington

Radionuclides in man; the behaviour of radionuclides in the body including isotopes of tritium, caesium, strontium, iodine, radium and plutonium; ICRP biokinetic and dosimetric models; dose calculations; doses to the embryo and foetus

3

Dr R Haylock

Concepts of epidemiological studies

3

Dr A Peyman

Dosimetry, practical measurements and theoretical modelling, instrumentation, antennas

3

Methods of Teaching/Learning Selected Texts/Journals 1. “Human Physiology: the Mechanisms of Body Function”, Venture, J.V., Sherman, J.H.

and Luciano, D.S., McGraw-Hill, 1994 (6th edition) 2. “Principles of Anatomy & Physiology”, Tortora, G.J. and Grabowski, S.R., Harper-

Collins, 1993 (7th edition) 3. “Concepts of Human Anatomy & Physiology”, Van de Graaff, K.M. and Fox, S.I., Wm.

C. Brown, 1995. 4. “Radiobiology for the Radiologist”, Hall, E.J., Lippincott Co (3rd Edn or later) 5. “Molecular Biology of the Cell”, Alberts B 6. “Publication 60 - 1990 Recommendations of the ICRP”, ICRP, Pergamon Press, 1991

(ISBN 00 08 041144-4) 7. “Publication 66 - Human Respiratory Tract Model for Radiological Protection”, ICRP,

Pergamon Press (ISBN 0 08 041154 1) 8. “Publication 68 - ICRP Dose Coefficients for intakes of radionuclides by workers -

tract model”, ICRP, Pergamon Press (ISBN 0 08 042651 4) 9. “Publication 72 - Age-dependent doses to members of the public from intake of

radionuclides”, ICRP, Pergamon Press 10. “Health effects of exposure to low-level ionising radiation”, Hendee and Edwards, IOP

Publishing, 1996 (ISBN 0 7503 0349 2) 11. “Health effects of internally deposited radionuclides: Emphasis on radium and

thorium”, Van Kaick et. al. (ISBN 981 02 2015 4) Methods of Assessment This module is assessed in Paper IV which will consist of 6 questions. Students answer 4 questions from the 6. Full marks for a question will be equivalent to 100 % of the total marks available in assessment of this module.


26

Module 5: Radiation Protection



15

Module Co-ordinator: Prof David Bradley







None

Module Overview

This course describes the international legislative framework of radiation protection. From this starting point the course covers population and personal exposures to radiation, the principles of dose calculations, and example procedures for implementing radiation protection programmes.

Module Aims

To give a thorough understanding of the underlying philosophy and the practical implementation of the ICRP system of radiological protection. To encourage a quantitative approach to radiological protection; and to illustrate the need for a detailed understanding of the sources of radiation exposure and methods for applying the principles of radiation protection.

Learning Outcomes

After completing this module, the student should be able to: Module Specific Skills: � Demonstrate a critical analysis understanding of principles of radiation protection � Ability to perform simplified dose calculations from original data to show problem solving

aspects of such work � Ability to understand case studies illustrating a holistic approach to radiation protection in

a wide range of applications Discipline Specific Skills: � Critical analysis of data to gain ability to perform simplified dose calculations Personal and Key Skills: � Ability to understand case studies illustrating a holistic approach to radiation protection

and methods for applying the principles of radiation protection


27

Module Content


Prof R Clarke History of Radiological Protection: The development of ICRP Policy over 80 years. The Risks of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation; ICRP Dosimetric Quantities and Units. The 2007 Recommendations of ICRP; Protecting People in the Event of a Radiological Emergency. The Current Programme of Work of ICRP.

6 + tutorial

Mrs D Peet

Basic Safety Standards, Ionising Radiations 6

Mrs E Oakley Environmental radiation, natural sources, man-made sources and population exposures

3

Mr R Kenyon Radiation Protection Practices in Radiopharmaceutical Source Manufacture: - Environmental Discharge Legislation, Modelling & Monitoring - Operator and public dose assessment - Risk assessment process & Hierarchy of Control - Application of engineered systems, PPE and contingency planning for radiation protection and how they are used in minimising operator risk in normal and accident conditions

3

Dr W Gilboy Radiation shielding. Gamma-ray attenuation and build-up processes. Point kernel calculations and their application to extended sources

3

Dr C Elliot Assessment of Risk

3

Mr N Smith Nuclear Industry Safety Case Principles

3

Mr R Major Phases of decommissioning, radiation sources and controls, options and assessment methods, economic considerations and examples Waste management and disposal, categorisation and arisings, disposal routes, inventory management and assay techniques

3

Methods of Teaching/Learning Selected Texts/Journals 1. “Publication 60 - 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on

Radiological Protection”, ICRP, 1991, Pergamon Press (ISBN 008 0411444) 2. “Becquerel's Legacy: A Century of Radioactivity”, O'Riordan, M.C. (ISBN

1870965477) 3. “An Introduction to Radiation Protection”, Martin and Harbison, Chapman & Hall, (4th

Edition) (ISBN 0 412 631105) 4. “Radiation Exposure of the UK Population - 1993 Review”, (NRPB-R311), Hughes,

J.S. 1999 Review, HMSO 5. United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, UNSCEAR

2000 Report Vol. 1. Sources, Vol. 2. Effects, United Nations New York, 2000 6. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Vol 42, No 3 1992 – “Radon 2000” - Proceedings of a

Conference, London, March 1992 7. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Vol 48, No 1, 1993 – “Radiation Exposure of Civil


28

Aircrew” - Proceedings of a Workshop, Luxembourg, June 1991 Methods of Assessment This module is assessed in Paper V which will consist of 6 questions. Students answer 4 questions from the 6. Full marks for a question will be equivalent to 100 % of the total marks available in assessment of this module.


29

Module 6: Environmental Physics and Environmental Protection



15

Module Co-ordinator: Prof Phil Walker







None

Module Overview

This module provides a basic understanding of the transport of pollutants through the environment. It covers aerosol physics, introductory physics of the atmosphere and compartmental modelling in soil-plant-animal and aquatic systems. This module also describes the legislative framework of environmental protection, describing the major concepts in the field. It reviews the establishment and verification of systems for environmental protection, considering both legal and economic aspects. The course concludes with a practical review of environmental protection as applied in the nuclear industry.

Module Aims

To provide an understanding of the physical-chemical mechanisms by which pollutants move through the environment To establish a basic grounding in the principles and practice of environmental protection. To develop a qualitative approach to environmental protection, establishing the need for systems of control and verification with an analysis of associated cost.

Learning Outcomes

After completing this module, the student should be able to: Module Specific Skills: � Assimilate concepts related to transport of pollutants through the environment � Demonstrate critical analysis of numerical data to perform simple calculations of relevant

physical phenomena � Demonstrate a depth of understanding of the principle of environmental protection � Ability to discuss environmental sampling strategies and understand case studies in a

range of applications � Understand legislation underpinning environmental protection Discipline Specific Skills: � Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of Environmental Management Systems and

ISO14001


30

Module Content


Dr J A S Cleaver Properties of aerosols, flow, diffusion, size distributions, optical properties, coagulation, sampling and aerosol production.

6

Dr M C Thorne Mathematical modelling of radionuclide transport in the environment, including applications of compartmental models. Radionuclide dispersion in groundwaters, terrestrial surface waters, estuaries and marine environments. Uptake of radionuclides by plants and animals. Assessment of critical group and collective exposures.

6

Dr N B Ghiassee Environmental Protection – Law and Policy. The general principles and legislative basis of environmental protection policy in the UK, European Union, and at International level, and an overview of International Nuclear Law.

9

Mr G Beard ISO14001 Environmental Management System: protecting the environment whilst maintaining your business, environmental impact minimisation, best available techniques, setting improvement targets, legal compliance, auditing and review.

6

Dr J Roberts Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environment Management

3

Methods of Teaching/Learning Selected Texts/Journals 1. “Introduction to Environmental Physics”, Mason, N. and Hughes, P., Taylor & Francis,

London, 2001 (ISBN 0-7484-0765-0) 2. “Aerosol Technology, Properties, behaviour and measurement of airborne particles”,

Hinds, W.C., Wiley, New York, 1982 (ISBN 0 471 08726 2) 3. “Aerosol Science for Industrial Hygienists”, Vincent, J.H., Pergamon Press, Oxford,

1995 (ISBN 008 042029X) 4. “Aerosol Sampling - Science and Practice”, Vincent, J.H., Wiley, New York, 1989

(ISBN 0-471-9217-5) 5. Radioecology, Radioactivity and Ecosystems, International Union of Radioecology,

2001. E. Van der Stricht and R. Kirchmann. (Particularly Chapter 7 ‘Assessing the Radiological Impact of Releases of Radionuclides to the Environment’)

6. Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution, 1976, 6th Report: “Nuclear Power and the Environment”, Cmnd 6618, HMSO

7. Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution, 2000, 22nd Report: “Energy – the Changing Climate”, Cm 4749, HMSO

8. “Environmental Radioactivity from Natural, Industrial and Military Sources”, Eisenbud, M. and Gesell, T., Academic Press, 1997

9. Environmental Law, Thornton, J, Beckwith,S, Sweet & Maxwell, London 1997 10. Environmental Law, 6th Edition, Bell, S, McGillivray, D, O.V.P. Press, Oxford, 2006 11. Principles of International Environmental Law, 2nd Ed, Sands, P, Cambridge

University Press, 2003 12. International Law & the Environment, 2nd Edition, Birnie, P, & Boyle, A, University of

Oxford Press, 2002 13. “The Environment of England and Wales - A Snapshot”, Environment Agency, Bristol,

1996


31

14. “Environmental Economics”, Hodge, I., Macmillan (ISBN 0-333-57771-X). 15. “Environmental and Natural Resource Economics”, Tietenberg, T., Harper Collins

(ISBN 0-673-99472-4) 16. “Sustainability and Policy: Limits to Economics”, Common, M., Cambridge University

Press (ISBN 0 521 43605-2) 17. “Sustainability and Environmental Economics; An Alternative Text”, Bowers, J.,

Addison Wesley Longman Ltd. (ISBN 0 582 27656-X) 18. Ward, N.I., (1993), “Quality control and sampling procedures used for determining

heavy metals in biological and environmental materials”, Heavy Metals in the Environment Vol 1, Allan, R.J. and Nriago, J.O. (eds), CEP Consultants Ltd, Edinburgh, pp 298-303

19. Ward N.I., (1993), “Quality control in trace element analysis of human and animal samples: Are we using poor data to evaluate nutritional, agricultural, chemical or biological problems?”, Trace Elements in Man and Animals -TEMA 8, Anke, M., Meissner, D., and Mills, C. (eds), Verlag Media Touristik, Gersadorf, Germany, pp 108-112

20. Ward, N.I., (1995), “Environmental sampling - the first important area of measuring heavy metals in the environment”, Heavy Metals in the Environment, Vol 2, Wilken, R.D., Forstner, U. and Knochel, A. (eds), CEP consultants Ltd, Edinburgh, pp 281-284

21. Ward, NI (1995), “Trace elements, in Environmental Analytical Chemistry”, Fifield, F.W. and Haines, P.J. (eds), Blackie Academic and Professional, London, pp 320-351 (ISBN 0-7514-0052-1)

22. “Neutron activation analysis”, Vol 1 & 2, de Soete, D., Gijbels, R. and Hoste, J., Wiley Interscience

23. International Commission for Radiological Protection Publication No 23, Report of the Task Group on Reference Man. Pergamon Press, 1975

24. “Neutron Activation Analysis for Clinical Trace Element Research”, Vol I&II, CRC Press, Florida, 1983

25. The Pollution Handbook 2002. Editor Loveday Murley. ISBN 0-903-474-530 26. An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation by M. I. Ojovan and W. E. Lee ISBN-

10: 0080444628 27. Tromans S (2010), Nuclear Law – The Law Applying to Nuclear Installation and

Radioactive Substances in it Historic Context, 2nd

ed, Hart Publishing, Oxford. Useful Web Sites � Department of Environment (DEFRA): www.defra.gov.uk/environ

� UK Government Site on Sustainable Development: www.sustainable-development.gov.uk

� UK Parliamentary Office of Science & Technology: www.parliament.uk/post/home.htm

� European Union Environment Site: http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment � The Institute of Environmental Management & Assessment www.iema.net

Methods of Assessment This module is assessed in Paper VI which will consist of 6 questions. Students answer 4 questions from the 6. Full marks for a question will be equivalent to 100 % of the total marks available in assessment of this module.


32

Module 7: Extended Project



15


Module Availability Semester 1 and 2 Assessment Pattern


Oral presentation 20%

Coursework 80 %




None

Module Overview

All students undertake an Extended Project. Full-time students undertake the Extended Project from Week 12 to end of Semester 1. Part-time students undertake the Extended Project during Semester 1 of their second year. Part-time (1 year) PGCert students may undertake the Extended Project over the Summer period between June and September in Year 1. The work is assessed as follows: Oral presentation Students present a ‘project talk’ (10 minutes duration + 5 minutes for questions) to the Radiation and Environmental Protection class during Semester 2. Project write-up A write up of no more than 25 pages in total, including title page, brief abstract, text, diagrams and references must be submitted. Supervisors will give guidance on the layout of the project and the first draft of material where appropriate.

Module Aims

This module provides an introduction to research and serves as a preparation for the MSc dissertation project.

Learning Outcomes

After completing this module, the student should be able to: Module Specific Skills: � Application of research techniques to demonstrate problem solving ability, critical analysis

and (where possible) original research of relevance to radiation physics work � Perform a literature search � Give a scientific presentation � Write a scientific report


33

Discipline Specific Skills: � Time management � Report writing � IT skills and communication Personal and Key Skills: � Oral and written presentation

Methods of Assessment This module is assessed via the presentation of a short dissertation (25 pages max) and an oral presentation (as part of the Extended Project Presentation Day). Full marks for the oral presentation will be equivalent to 20 % of the total marks available in assessment of this module. Full marks for the project write-up will be equivalent to 80% of the total marks available in assessment of this module.


34

Module 8: Research Project and Dissertation



60


Module Availability Summer Assessment Pattern


Coursework Dissertation (100 %)




None

Module Overview

All students aiming for the MSc degree qualification undertake an MSc dissertation project. Students choose a project either from a list of proposed topics within the University, or in some cases arrangement is made for the project to be undertaken in industry. The majority of part-time students arrange to undertake the project in their place of work. Students are assigned a supervisor relating to the project chosen. Students undertaking their project outside of the University are assigned both an internal and an external supervisor. The work is assessed as follows: Project write-up A write up of no more than 40 pages in total, including title page, brief abstract, text, diagrams and references must be submitted. Supervisors will give guidance on the layout of the project and the first draft of material where appropriate. The completed reports must be submitted on Monday 22

nd August 2011. Details of the format

for submission are presented in the General Handbook.

Module Aims

This module provides exposure to independent research at postgraduate level.

Learning Outcomes

After completing this module, the student should be able to: Module Specific Skills: � Application of research techniques to demonstrate problem independent solving ability,

critical analysis and (where possible) original research of relevance to radiation physics work

� Perform a literature search � Development of experimental/computation technical skills associated with radiation

protection based project work Discipline Specific Skills: � Time management � Report writing


35

� IT skills and communication � Data evaluation and critical analysis Personal and Key Skills: � Written presentation of a formal report

Methods of Assessment This module is assessed via a formal write up of the project undertaken in the form of an MSc dissertation.


36

Industrial Visits

Module Provider: Physics Module Code: None


0


Module Availability Semesters 1 and 2 Assessment Pattern


None -




None

Module Overview

Industry visits are organised so as to give the student an insight into the types of working environment that they may choose to go into following the MSc course. Supervised visits, with guided tours are available at some of the following organisations:- � The Health Protection Agency (Radiation Protection Division) � GE Healthcare � NUVIA Ltd

Module Aims

To give students an insight into Industry and to build depth in understanding of Radiation and Environmental Protection.

Learning Outcomes

After completing this module, the student should be able to:- Module Specific Skills: � Have knowledge of industrial applications of Radiation and Environmental Protection Personal and Key Skills: � Direct access to ‘real life’ industrial environments associated with radiation physics and

protection

Methods of Assessment None


37

SECTION E – PRIZES and SPONSORSHIP

PRIZES AWE plc Prize A prize of £500 is awarded annually for the Best Dissertation on the MSc in Radiation and Environmental Protection course and the Best overall Performance on the Course. Thermo Fisher – Radiation Measurement and Protection Prize A prize of £350 is awarded annually for the best overall experimental work (Laboratory reports + Extended Project) on the MSc in Radiation and Environmental Protection course.

Winners to be announced at the Postgraduate Reception on Graduation Day in April 2012

SPONSORSHIP Industrial Sponsorship AWE plc..and the Society for Radiological Protection (SRP) provide some additional sponsorship for tuition fees to support students on the MSc course. Support includes payment of course fees, a stipend ‘top-up’ and supervision of the Dissertation project undertaken at the company.

SPONSORS OF THE MSc REP PROGRAMME

Radiation and Environmental Protection Handbook

Documents

Transcript of Radiation and Environmental Protection Handbook