Rachelle Zoromski
-
Upload
brad-klitzke -
Category
Documents
-
view
304 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Rachelle Zoromski
Great War Museum
Next Room
Causes of WWI
Next Room
Imperialism
Nationalism
Militarism
Alliances
Trench Warfare
Next Room
Why the U.S entered WWI
Next Room
Lusitania
Submarine Warfare
Zimmerman Note
U.S. in WWI
Next Room
General Pershing
Nationalism
• Nationalism– Pride in your country
• Pan-German Movement– The hope to unite all German speaking people
• Pan-Slavic Movement– The hope to unite all Slavic speaking people
• Example: Bosnia-95% speak Slavic, yet it’s controlled by German speaking Austria.
Imperialism
• Imperialism– Competing for Colonies
• European nations were competing for land
• They believed that “Bigger is better”
• Example: Africa, Bosnia, Allsace &Lorraine
Militarism
• Militarism– Building up the military
• Military was built up for two reasons1. Protect their colonies 2. Peer Pressure• They used a mandatory draft to accomplish this• Russia had the largest army, Germany had the best
trained, and Britain had the largest navy
Alliances
• Alliances– Forming partnerships with other nations
• Central Powers: Germany, Austria, Ottoman Empire
• Allies: Britain, France, Russia, U.S
Trench Warfare
• To protect their positions and to cut down on losses both sides dug trenches
• At night, supplies were brought in and scouts were sent out
• At dawn/dusk attacks came: hit them with artillery and then go over the top– Went through barbwire, machinegun fire, craters
• Problems in the trenches: mud, rats, smell, body rot, cold, maggots, diseases
Sinking of the Lusitania
• Lusitania- a passenger ship that was secretly carrying ammunitions
• A German submarine sunk the ship• 1,198 passengers died (128 were Americans)• President Wilson demanded that the Germans
apologize and pay for the damages
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
• Sussex pledge – Germany promised not to sink merchant ships without first
warning them & rescuing passengers
• By 1917 Germany is defeating Russia on the Eastern front, they want a quick victory on the western front
• To do this they use Unrestricted Submarine Warfare– Sinking all ships headed towards Allied Nations
Zimmerman Note
• Zimmerman was a German official
• He sent a letter to Mexico asking them to attack the United States
• In exchange he promised that Germany would aid them in retrieving some of the land that we took from them.
U.S. in WWI
• General Pershing led the U.S. troops• By 1917 Germany controlled: Belgium, Italy, &
North France– Now Germany can concentrate on the western
front• By July, 1918 the U.S. had 1 million troops in
war
U.S. in WWI (cont.)
• We cut off the German rail lines which supply their troops– We attack through the Argonne forest. It takes us 47
days & 1.2 million soldiers, but we cut off their supply• By October 1918 German lines are crumbling• In November the Allies have captured the high
ground & Germany surrenders• The 11th hour, 11th day, 11th month in 1918 the
war ends
Treaty of Versailles
1. Created new countries• Russia: Poland, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia• Austria-Hungary: Austria, Hungary, Czech,
Yugoslavia• Ottoman Empire: Divided up between the Allies
Treaty of Versailles (Cont.)
1. Punished Germany• Must take full responsibility for the war • Pay for the war, $33 billion
2. Created the league of nations• Organization of countries designed to maintain
peace and stability
Treaty of Versailles
Exit