R hawkes cheney_school_session2_planningks4

Joined Up! Rachel Hawkes [email protected]/linguacom

The benefits of the new GCSE

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.rachelhawkes.typepad.com/linguacom

• To give a brief overview of the main changes to the GCSE specification

• To look at implications for the way we teach speaking

• To listen to a sample GCSE speaking test and assess using new criteria

• To share ideas and practice for curriculum planning and assessment organisation and management

Aims of this session

Rachel Hawkes

• Curriculum design at key stages 2 and 3 has an impact on pupils’ desire to choose a language

• The option system makes it easy for pupils to choose a language

• There is a choice of qualifications at key stage 4 • There is much informal discussion about options and

encouragement to choose a language • All pupils are offered the opportunity to enjoy and achieve in

languages • The languages department has high status in the school and

support from the senior leadership is strong• Pupils understand the importance of learning a language

Maximising take-up in languages at KS4 (1)

QCA Survey – taken from Chris Maynard presentation 2008

• There is a commitment to providing good resources and the languages department is well staffed

• Behaviour in school and in languages classes is good • Parents are informed about how well their child is doing at an

appropriate time • Pupils think they are well taught and enjoy the lessons,

especially in Years 8 and 9• Relationships between staff and pupils are strong • There are several trips and extra-curricular activities• Pupils know how they are doing and how to improve • Pupils are helped to organise their work

Maximising take-up in languages at KS4 (2)

QCA Survey – taken from Chris Maynard presentation 2008

• GCSE subjects will have 0%, 25% or 60% CA• Percentage fixed for each subject, not optional • MFL has 60% CA, covering S & W with up to 10% allowed for

L/R• Minimum two tasks for each component (S & W)• Tasks must require candidates to use language for different

purposes• Three possibilities for schools: - Use exemplar tasks provided by awarding body- Adapt awarding body tasks- Design your own tasks within defined parameters

GCSE controlled assessment (1)

taken from Chris Maynard presentation 2008

Writing (& reading)• “Informal supervision” of preparation• Awarding body indicates what teacher support is allowed• Candidates must complete work independently under

controlled conditions• Candidates are permitted access to a dictionary and may refer

to limited notes (but not to an earlier draft)• Awarding body indicates required length (min & max)• Awarding body marks all candidates’ work



Speaking • “Informal supervision” of preparation• Awarding body indicates what teacher support is allowed• Candidates must provide an individual response, but they may

work with others, eg in a conversational group• Candidates may refer to limited notes• Awarding body indicates required length (min & max)• Teachers to assess using awarding body mark scheme• A sample of candidates to be recorded for external moderation

purposes• Exemplification and Training to be provided



Benefits of new GCSE

• 60% GCSE now under teacher (and student?)control• ‘Active’ knowledge to be tested can be determined

by the teacher• Timing of assessments flexible• Content of assessments can be centre-devised or

chosen from ‘best-fit’ themes• Opportunity to tailor KS4 to follow on from KS3• 60% untiered – differentiation by outcome• Opportunity for learner choice in assessment

Rachel Hawkes

Challenges of controlled assessment

Rachel Hawkes

What are the implications of controlled assessment for teachers? We will need to:• re-think how we teach and assess speaking• consider what sorts of tasks will be motivating for students• decide how best we can take advantage of the opportunities• choose, adapt or design tasks that will give our students the best opportunity to show what they can do• ensure that we teach learners in the optimum way

Changing how we teach

Rachel Hawkes

• Preparing students to respond to questions effectively

• Embedding questioning• Adapting key phrases• Move from memorising -> manipulating

language readily• Developing spontaneous talk in the classroom• Building on learning at KS3

NEW secondary curriculum (speaking related PoS)

1.1 Linguistic competencea. Developing the skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing in a range of situations and contexts.b. Applying linguistic knowledge and skills to understand and communicate effectively.1.2 Knowledge about languagea Understanding how a language works and how to manipulate it.1.3 Creativitya Using familiar language for new purposes and in new contexts.b Using imagination to express thoughts, ideas, experiences and feelings.2.2 Developing language skillsc respond appropriately to spoken and written languaged use correct pronunciation and intonatione ask and answer questionsf initiate and sustain conversationsk deal with unfamiliar language, unexpected responses and unpredictable situations.

Rachel Hawkes

Year 7 Framework - speaking

Year 8 Framework - speaking

Year 9 Framework – speaking

1.4 Talking togetherY7 Construct and generate language, using a stock of words, phrases and sentences for social communication and to talk about their workY7 Make effective use of simple verbal or visual prompts in order to take part in conversations and discussions

1.5 Presenting and narratingY7 Plan and present a short talk or narrative, speaking clearly, audibly and with accurate pronunciationY7 Engage listeners’ attention through expression and non-verbal techniques

4.4 Sentence structureY7 Use knowledge of word order, high-frequency words and punctuation to understand and build simple and compound sentences

4.6 Questions and negativesY7 Understand and use confidently some common question types in different contextsY7 Understand and use confidently some common negative forms in different contexts

1.4 Talking togetherY8 Initiate and participate in unrehearsed pupil-teacher and pupil-pupil exchangesY8 Plan and carry out unscripted conversations and discussions, taking into account the views, preferences and ideas of each group member

1.5 Presenting and narratingY8 Use some complex language in a prepared but unscripted talk or narrativeY8 Add authenticity through use of simple idioms

4.4 Sentence structureY8 Develop and improve sentences by adding, rearranging or replacing elements4.6 Questions and negativesY8 Understand and use a range of question types Y8 Understand and use a range of negative forms

1.4 Talking togetherY9 Make extended and/or frequent contributions to classroom talkY9 Deal effectively with unexpected responses in order to sustain conversations and discussions

1.5 Presenting and narratingY9 Respond quickly and appropriately to audience comments or questions following a talk or narrativeY9 Add interest through extended sentences, rhetorical devices and imaginative use of vocabulary

4.4 Sentence structureY9 Use knowledge of word order, phrases and clauses to understand and build a wider range of extended sentences 4.6 Questions and negativesY9 Make confident use of question types with simple and compound tenses Y9 Make confident use of negative forms with simple and compound tenses

NEW GCSE Assessment criteria (speaking component - Edexcel)

Communicates comprehensive and detailed information related to chosen stimulus Interacts very well Speaks very confidently and with spontaneity. Frequently takes initiative and develops elaborate responses. No difficulty in expressing and explaining a range of ideas and points of view. Very little or no hesitation. Able to deal with unpredictable elements without difficulty.

16-18

Communicates detailed and relevant information related to chosen visual/topic/stimulus. Interacts well.Speaks confidently. Takes initiative and develops more elaborate responses. Has little difficulty expressing and explaining ideas and points of view. Little hesitation and little or no prompting necessary.Able to deal with unpredictable elements with some success.

12-15

Communicates relevant information related to the chosen stimulus but with some obvious omissions. Some interaction. Able to participate in familiar, straightforward discussion and conversation, but experiences problems with more complex question forms. Conveys opinions, but rarely expands. Some hesitationAble to deal with some unpredictable elements.

8-11

Limited communication related to chosen visual/topic/stimulus. Some coherence in unambiguous presentation of simple information and opinions, but responses very limited. Very hesitant and reliant on teacher-examiner prompting. Able to deal with isolated unpredictable elements.

4-7

Minimal description of chosen stimulus. Conveys little relevant information in minimal responses (mainly one word) Largely disjointed and unconnected ideas. Very limited comprehension of basic questions.Wholly-reliant on teacher-examiner prompting..

1-3

Open Interaction GCSE Example: Spanish

Rachel Hawkes

NEW GCSE Assessment criteria (speaking component - Edexcel)

Communicates comprehensive and detailed information related to chosen stimulusInteracts very wellSpeaks very confidently and with spontaneityFrequently takes initiative and develops elaborate responsesNo difficulty in expressing and explaining a range of ideas and points of viewVery little or no hesitationAble to deal with unpredictable elements without difficulty

16-18

Uses wide range of appropriate vocabulary and structures, including complex lexical items

Consistently competent use of different tenses.

6

Very accurate, with only isolated and usually insignificant errors.Consistently good pronunciation and intonation.

6

Communicates detailed and relevant information related to chosen visual/topic/stimulus.Interacts well.Speaks confidently.Takes initiative and develops more elaborate responses.Has little difficulty expressing and explaining ideas and points of view.Little hesitation and little or no prompting necessary.Abe to deal with unpredictable elements with some success.

12-15

Good variety of appropriate vocabulary and structures.Unambiguous use of different verb tenses.Generally at ease with subordination.

5

Some errors, especially in more complex structures, but generally accurate.Pronunciation and intonation generall y good.

5

Communicates relevant information related to the chosen stimulus but with some obvious omissions.Some interactionAble to participate in familiar, straightforward discussion and conversation, but experiences problems with more complex question forms.Conveys opinions, but rarely expands.Some hesitationAble to deal with some unpredictable elements.

8-11

Adequate but predictable range of vocabulary and structures. May include different tenses or time frames, perhaps with some ambiguitySome examples of subordination

3-4

A fair number of errors made, including some basic, but communication overall unaffected.

Pronunciation and intonation generally accurate.

3-4

Limited communication related to chosen visual/topic/stimulus.Some coherence in unambiguous presentation of simple information and opinions, but responses very limited.Very hesitant and reliant on teacher-examiner prompting.Able to deal with isolated unpredictable elements.

4-7

Limited and/or repetitive range of vocabulary or structures.Predominantly uses short sentences

2

Many basic errors, but main points communicated.Simple ‘pre-learnt’ stereotypes correct.Pronunciation generally understandable.

2

Minimal description of chosen stimulus.Conveys little relevant information in minimal responses (mainly one word)Largely disjointed and unconnected ideas.Very limited comprehension of basic questions.Wholly-reliant on teacher-examiner prompting..

1-3

Very limited range of basic structuresFrequently resorts to non-target language

Rarely offers complete sentences.

1

Consistently inaccurate language and pronunciation frequently impede communication

Only isolated examples of accurate language.

1

Edexcel GCSE 2010

Units 2 & 4 Speaking and Writing

Unit Grade A* A B C D E F G

Maximum Uniform mark = 90 81 72 63 54 45 36 27 18

Uniform mark as percentage 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20

Suggested raw mark boundaries based on percentages 28 25 22 18 14 11 8 5

GROUP : Task:

STUDENT NAMES

Tutor group

Content &

Response (18)

Range of language

(6)Accuracy

(6)

Total mark (30)

projected grade

1 0 U

2 0 U

3 0 U

4 0 U

5 0 U

6 0 U

7 0 U

8 0 U

Rachel Hawkes

How do you teach ‘spontaneous talk’?

Rachel Hawkes

What do you think we mean by unplanned or spontaneous speaking?

a) Lack of prior preparationb) Absence of written supportc) The immediacy of the experienced) Like a conversatione) Not knowing the questions/answers in advance

289 students from Years 7 – 10 from 5 different secondary schools were asked.

Why do you think unplanned or spontaneous speaking is an important focus

in language learning?

"Because in real life you don't know what

the other person is going to say."

2/3 students asked equate spontaneous speaking with ‘real life’ activity.

"To make sure you definitely know it and

are able to have conversations without reading off a sheet."

Students feel that what they can do without notes/preparation is what they 'truly' know.

They also mention the link between spontaneous speaking and increased confidence.

Define a confident language learner - how would he/she cope in an unplanned speaking situation?

"They would cope really well because they would

speak confidently and spontaneously really easily'

2/3 answers are unrealistic and do not mention strategies or attributes of a language learner in unrehearsed speaking situations.

1) Most other answers stress fluency as key2) Fewer mention accuracy3) Top set students most likely to mention accuracy AND fluency together 4) A few mention quality of language, including range of vocabulary, tense use, opinions, extended answers - particularly Year 10 learners and 9 top sets

5) Rare answers mention attributes of a confident learner mentioned were: risk-taking, not afraid of mistakes, responds readily, good pronunciation6) Very few mentioned these strategies: listen carefully to pick out key words and understand the question, take time to think, use words and structures they know, ignore mistakes and keep going, use gestures and facial expression to help support meaning

Speaking targets•Give detailed information

•Express personal opinions

•Justify points of view

•Use longer sequences of speech

•Use a variety of vocabulary and structures

•Use time references

•Refer to the past

•Refer to the future

Do these speaking targets work for spontaneous talk?

Can learners have these sorts of targets in their heads in an

unplanned speaking situation?

If not, what targets or strategies would we give to learners who are trying to

hold a 'conversation' in the target language?

•Listen to the question VERY carefully – work to make sense of it

•Buy yourself time with a ‘hesitation’ word

•Think of something you know you can say quickly – e.g. Repeat back a couple of words of the question with raised intonation - ¿Todos los días?

•Use what you know how to say when you put your answer together (not necessarily exactly what you want to say)

•Keep talking for as long as you can – it’s always easy to add in a ‘por ejemplo’ or an opinion

•When you are beginning to run out of flow, ask a question! (¿Y tú?)

•Use other ‘help’ to get your message across well – i.e. expression, emotion – sound like you mean it + facial expressions + body language + gestures

“A confident language learner wouldn't panic, would listen

carefully for key words to respond to and take time to

think about answer.”

“A confident learner would use the words they do know to turn the conversation to what they

are comfortable to speak about - use heavy facial expression

and body language.”

“A confident learner would be able to use what they know

already to come up with appropriate responses - and

maybe even ask new questions.”

A ver...

Pues...Bueno..

Entonces..

Para mí..

En mi opinión...

Por

ejemplo... O sea... Es decir...

¡No te olvides!

Developing talking routinesfor all students

Rachel Hawkes

Asking questions

• Group talk routines

• Find someone who

• Speaking lines

• What are the questions?

• Free conversation tasks

Rachel Hawkes

Target talk

Odd one out

Spot the difference

5 Ws?Reading images

ExtensionsThen & now

Tell a story

Say something

else

Understanding

& responding

¿Dónde estamos?

¿Qué o quién hay en la foto?

¿Qué se puede ver?

¿Qué no se puede

ver?

¿Cuándo se hizo la

foto?

¿Qué acaba de pasar?

¿Qué va a pasar ahora?

Task: Picture-based discussion• Generate as many questions as you can that you could ask about this picture

• Assume that the learner will present for 1 minute to introduce the picture

• Think about how you can make use of previous classroom routines, both to enable the student to answer spontaneously and use a range of language

Rachel Hawkes

Me encanta la natación – es mi deporte preferido. Empecé a nadar cuando tenía cinco años y llevo siete años nadando por un club. Es el club de natación basado en la piscina de Parkside en Cambridge. Me encanta porque puedo entrenar para mejorar. Mi entrenadora se llama Beth y es super simpática. Siempre me anima y me apoya. Lo malo es que tengo que madrugar porque tengo que entrenar tres veces a la semana antes de ir al colegio. Pero no me importa eso porque me gusta la natación. También participo en competiciones regionales algunos fines de semana que me encantan.

1 minute introduction1. Bueno, dime primero,¿Dónde estamos en esta foto?2. Y descríbeme la foto un poquito, ¿qué se puede ver?3. ¿Quiénes hay en la foto? ¿Estás tú en la foto? 4. Y esta piscina – parece que en la foto está abierta al público - ¿Hay también clases de natación allí para los alumnos? 5. Y el agua, ¿no está fría? Porque la piscina está al aire libre ¿no? 5. ¿Cuándo se hizo esta foto?6. . ¿Y la natación es un deporte muy popular aquí en el instituto?7. Y ¿qué va a pasar en el futuro? ¿Qué planes tienes para el futuro? ¿Piensas seguir nadando como profesión?

Discussion questions

Rachel Hawkes

Task setting

Rachel Hawkes

• Is the task something that will engage my students? • Does the task arise naturally from the work my students are doing? • Does the task provide appropriate challenge for my students? • Is the task accessible to all students, including any students with disabilities? • Am I making good use of opportunities to customise tasks, for example by referring to local circumstances, or topical issues or aspects of the culture, life and traditions of target language countries or communities? • Is the task manageable for me? Would it be possible to record it if necessary? • Should I provide a stimulus in English or in the target language? • Does the task allow my students to meet the marking criteria laid down by the awarding body? • Can I see how the exam board’s marking criteria can be used to assess performance on this task?

Task taking

Rachel Hawkes

• Timing of assessments

• Number of students assessed at one time

• Location of assessments

• Release of stimulus material to students

• Length of assessments

• Recording of assessments

Olympus WS-321M Digital Voice Recorder (www.amazon.co.uk) £56.47

Logitech USB Desktop Microphone(www.amazon.co.uk) £17.65

Free software to download:http://audacity.sourceforge.net/

NB: must download LAME Encoder too or won’t save as MP3

http://audacity.sourceforge.net/help/faq?s=install&item=lame-mp3

Easi Speak Digital Voice Recorder (www.easi-speak.org.uk ) £25

Rachel Hawkes

• Prepare a list of all possible questions on the theme that you think could be answered well spontaneously

• Make a copy of this sheet so that you have one per student• Use this list as you listen to the student presentation and or picture-

based introduction and highlight questions that you could ask to follow up on (but not repeat) the material

• Allow yourself more leeway at the start of the day as the first few take longer

• Try out the recording equipment yourself in good time before the exams to familiarise yourself and become confident

• Before each recording say: Candidate Name & Number, Centre Name, the task type and topic and the date

• When you save the sound file, name it usefully (see Audacity instructions) to when your sample is requested (months later!) you can find the material easily.

Top tips so far…..

Rachel Hawkes

Task marking

Rachel Hawkes

• Marking ‘live’ or from recording

• Standardisation / Internal moderation

• External moderation

To support controlled assessment

Rachel Hawkes

'GCSE modern foreign languages: controlled assessment of speaking - guidance for teachers’

free copies of this DVD obtainable via http://orderline.qcda.org.uk/

order reference: QCA/09/4138

present

present (other persons)

past (preterit)

past (imperfect)

past (perfect)

future

conditional

subjunctive

verb & infinitive(e.g. modal)

links

opinions

reasons

negatives

comp./sup.

idioms

vocabulary +

errors

Mi película favorita “Slumdog Millionaire”

Mi película favorita es “Slumdog Millionaire” que es una película de risa, esperanza y suerte. Fue la última película que ví en el cine con mis amigos y pensamos que fue emocionante. Normalmente voy al cine una vez al mes pero el mes pasado fui al cine cinco veces, pero “Slumdog Millionaire” fue la mejor película. También en general veo muchas películas de horror, pero me encantó “ Slumdog Millionaire” porque fue diferente. Es la historia de Jamal Malik, un chico muy pobre que se enamora de una chica, que está casada con un hombre alto y muy violento. Sin embargo, Jamal quiere estar con la chica, que se llama Latika. Para impresionar a Latika, Jamal juega “who wants to be a millionaire” y gana, pero porque nación el el barrio más bajo de India, los productores creen que está haciendo trampa. Sim embargo, Jama sabe las respuestas porque cuando era joven, tuvo muchas experiencias. Para todas las preguntas hay historias pequeñitas que le enseñan las respuestas. En general pienso que “Slumdog Millionaire” fue una aventura enorme, y era muy interesante ver la vida en los barrios bajos de India – hay una cultura muy diferente a la nuestra. Aunque “Slumdog Millionaire” fue fenomenal, la próxima película que vaya a ver será und película graciosa, porque mis amigos y yo queremos ver algunas películas divertidas. Vamor a ir al cine la semana próxima y después voy a cenar en un restaurante aunque todavía no sé qué películar veremos.

Joined Up!

Rachel HawkesComberton Village CollegeASTFormer Regional Subject AdvisorSSAT Lead Practitioner www.rachelhawkes.typepad.com/[email protected]

Rachel Hawkes

Save the date!Monday 29 NovemberJoined Up Conference

Comberton Village College, Cambridgeshire

R hawkes cheney_school_session2_planningks4

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