Quiz – Chapter 10 Vocab

1. Igneous rock – define 2 points2. Sedimentary rock – define 2 points3. Metamorphic rock – define 2 points4. Rock cycle – define 2 points5. Staple vocab to this quiz for 2 points

Daily Start up• Warm up : List three types of Igneous rocks• Exit: How does cooling time affect the texture of

Igneous rocks

• Homework: – Read pages 175-177; answer questions on page 177 due 1/6/15

– Chapter 10 vocabulary due 1/9/15, write definitions and give a fact on page 190

– Read pages 178 – 181; answer questions on page 181 due 1/9/15

– Study for vocab quiz on 1/9/15

Chapter 10 Terms : Define and write sentences 1. Igneous rock2. Sediment3. Sedimentary rock4. Metamorphic rock5. Rock cycle6. Intrusive igneous rocks7. Extrusive igneous rocks8. Porphyritic9. Batholiths10. Stock

11.Laccolith12.Sill13.Dike14.Volcanic neck15.Lava plateau16.Compaction17.Cementation18.Clastic sedimentary rock19.Chemical sedimentary

rock20.Organic sedimentary rock21.Conglomerate

Chapter 10 Terms : Define and write sentences

22. Breccia23. Evaporites24. Stratification25. Fossils26. Concretions27. Metamorphism28. Contact metamorphism29. Regional metamorphism30. Foliated31. Nonfoliated

Essential QuestionI will be able to identify the three types of rock,

and explain how each is formed

Standards

3c. Students know how to explain the properties of rocks based on the physical and chemical conditions in which they formed, including plate tectonic processes.

Section 1 Essential Questions

• Identify the three major types of rock, and explain how each is formed.

• Summarize the steps in the rock cycle.

Notes Section 10.11. Rocks and the rock cycle

1. Magma is the parent of all rock2. Three types of rocks

2. Three major types of rock1. Igneous – formed from magma2. Sedimentary – pressed or cemented together3. Metamorphic – forms from heat, pressure and

chemical process.

3. The rock cycle1. Process in which rocks change form.2. Not all rocks go through each stage.

Section 1 Essential Questions wrap up- write a short explanation of each

• Identify the three major types of rock, and explain how each is formed.

• Summarize the steps in the rock cycle.

Section 2 Essential Questions

• Describe how the cooling rate of Magma and lava affects the texture of igneous rock.

• Classify igneous rocks according to their mineral composition.

• Describe a number of identifiable igneous rock structures.

Notes Section 10.21. Igneous rock

1. 2 groups intrusive and extrusive2. Crystalline size determines the grouping.

2. Texture of igneous rock1. Intrusive has a coarse grain texture.2. Slow cooling allows large crystal structures3. Extrusive has a fine grain texture4. Faster cooling allows for smaller crystal structures5. Silica-rich magma forms obsidian.6. Porphyritic

3. Composition of igneous rocks1. Chemical composition determines rock family – Felsic, intermediate,

Mafic2. Felsic has a light color in main mineral.3. Mafic has low amounts of silica, dark in color4. Intermediate family has less quartz and a medium color.

Notes Section 10.24. Igneous rock structure

1. Intrusion – underground2. Extrusions – on surface

5. Intrusions1. Batholiths are the largest of all intrusions.2. A stock is an intrusion that covers less then 100 sq. KM3. Laccolith is what forms dome mountains.4. Sill are harden magma between layers of rock and lies

horizontal.5. A dike is when magma pushes up through fissures to

the surface

Notes Section 10.2

4. Extrusions1. Erupts on the surface

1. When it erupts onto the surface from cracks it can form a lava plateau.

2. Forms a volcanoes1. The central vent of a volcano is the volcanic neck.

Section 2 Essential Questions wrap up- write a short explanation of each

• Describe how the cooling rate of Magma and lava affects the texture of igneous rock.

• Classify igneous rocks according to their mineral composition.

• Describe a number of identifiable igneous rock structures.

Section 3 Essential Questions

• Name the three types of sedimentary rock and give an example of each

• Describe several identifiable sedimentary rock features

Notes Section 10.31. Sedimentary Rock

1. Made in two ways: Compaction & cementation2. Compaction is when overlying layers press down and

push out the air and water.3. Cementation is when minerals are left behind to bind

the fragments together.4. Classified by the kind and size of fragments.

2. Formation of Sedimentary Rocks1. Clastic sedimentary rocks are run off water, wind or

ice.2. Chemical sedimentary rocks are precipitated from

water.3. Organic sedimentary rocks form from the remains of

organisms.

Notes Section 10.33. Clastic Sedimentary Rocks

1. Rounded gravel or pebbles are a conglomerate.2. If the fragments have sharp corners it is breccia.3. Sand size or sandstone have pores that allow water

and oil to flow through.4. Shale is made of clay sized materials.

4. Chemical Sedimentary Rocks1. Rocks that are formed from minerals that were

once in water, it settles and solidifies.2. Evaporites are when the water evaporates and

leaves the minerals behind. (salts)

Notes Section 10.35. Organic sedimentary rocks

1. Are formed from what used to be a living organism.2. Coal (plants), limestone & chalk (sea life) are

examples.6. Sedimentary rock features

1. Stratification, ripple marks, mud cracks, fossils and concretions.

7. Stratification1. This is the layering of the sediments, flowing water

makes smooth layers and wind makes a crossing pattern.

2. Graded bedding is when the size of materials causes the layering.

Notes Section 10.38. Ripple marks and mud cracks

1. Ripple marks are formed by water or winds 2. Mud cracks form when the mud dries and shrinks, it

then is later covered by sediment again.

9. Fossils1. Are found in sedimentary rocks, they are covered

by the sediment.

10. Concretions1. Are deposits that build up in cracks or openings in

the sedimentary rock2. Sometimes crystals grow and form a geode.

Section 3 Essential Questions wrap up- write a short explanation of each

• Name the three types of sedimentary rock and give an example of each

• Describe several identifiable sedimentary rock features

Section 4 Essential Questions

• Distinguish between regional and contact metamorphism

• Distinguish between foliated and non foliated rocks and give an example of each

Notes Section 10.4• Metamorphic Rock

– Formed by heat, pressure and chemical process deep inside the earth.

• Formation of Metamorphic Rocks– Caused by heat, pressure and hot fluids.– It can change in size and shape or separate into parallel

bands.– 2 types; Contact metamorphism and regional

metamorphism.– Contact is when the rock is near magma or the hot

fluids.– Regional is caused in the areas of plate movement.

Notes Section 10.4• Classification of metamorphic rocks

– Foliated and Nonfoliated– Foliated has mineral bands– Nonfoliated does not

• Foliated rocks– Form in two ways; extreme pressure may flatten the

crystals into mineral bands or they may separate by density into dark and light bands.

• Nonfoliated rocks– Do not have bands, the heat and pressure cause the rock

to recrystallize so the spaces disappear.

Section 4 Essential Questions wrap up- write a short explanation of each

• Distinguish between regional and contact metamorphism

• Distinguish between foliated and non foliated rocks and give an example of each