Quick Write

• 1) Think of a major cause of WWII• 2) Choose a major event, ideology or policy

and write a paragraph about how it contributed to causing WWII” (Ex. Treaty of Versailles, Appeasement, Nazi ideology, Stock Market crash ect.)

• 3) Explain what you wrote to a neighbor

Objectives

• -Explain the causes of WWII

• - Describe Axis aggression leading up to WWII

• -Summarize specific battles before the invasion of Poland

Axis Aggression

Invasion of Manchuria

I. Japan 1931– Deeply effected by the Great Depression– Imports 80% of oil from the United States-> views

themselves as Have-Nots– Their solution is expansion

II. Japan attacks China Province of Manchuria 1931– World condemns them– World sees imperialism as out of date->upsets

Japan

Quest For Lebensraum Background

I. What is Lebensraum?-German term for “Living Space”

- Term coined by German Geographer Freidrich Ratzel 1844-1904. - Expansion is natural for all species and is necessary for survival

II. Mein Kamf 1921-1925- Part autobiographical->part blue print- Basic theme is racial->Jews are using communism to take over

the world->warped social Darwinism-> Hitler's world view->destroy communism for living space

How do you think Hitler can convince people to support Lebensraum?

Quest For Lebensraum 1933-1934

I. Hitler was a demagogue– A person who plays to the misfortunate

II. Propaganda Tools– Fear of War-> Appeasement– Fear of Communism– Dictat (Dictated Peace)– Self-Determination-> determine ones own fate– Have Nots

III. Dishonesty – 1933 Disarmament conference

» German delegates ask everyone to disarm» French refuse

– Hitler is dictating peace – 1934 Sign Non-Aggression Pact with Poland

» West is off balance->conveying peace gaining power

Quest For Lebensraum 1935

I. Military Build Up– 1935 Goering announces Germany has an air force

» England and France protest– John Maynard Keynes writes book critical of reparation

» People are sympathetic to Germany mainly British– Anglo- German Naval agreement-> Allows Germany to build it’s navy

up to 35% of the British navy» Legitimate violation of the Treaty of Versailles

– Mussolini is anti-Hitler at this point

How do you expect the League of Nations to respond to this?

Invasion of Ethiopia 1936

I. Italian war machine invades Ethiopia– Invades for two reasons

» To build an Empire» Revenge -> defeated in 1896 by Ethiopians

– Haille Sellassi-> Leader of Ethiopia –> orders total mobilization-> every able person fights->gruesome fighting» Italian victory but turns out to be a self inflicted wound

on Italy» League of Nations places sanctions on Italy-> Angers

Mussolini… does NOT stop him

Quest For Lebensraum (Occupy Rhineland) 1936-1937

I. 1936 Hitler moves German troops into Rhineland – WHY? Clear path to city of Ruhl->German industry– British and French do nothing– Hitler declares it a victory – First living space claim– More living space

II. Spanish Civil War 1936-1939– Francisco Franco revolts against government claiming they are

communist– Italy and Germany send troops and air force– 1937 German air force attack Guernica killing 5,000 people– Painting of Guernica

Demonstration (LL vs G)

Invasion Of China/Rape of Nanking 1937

I. Japan invades China– City of Nanking is attacked-> Japanese army

slaughters everyone– 20,000 women are raped and killed– 300,000 to 350,000 people are killed – Within 5 months 1 million Chinese were under

Japanese control and mahjor Chinese cities were capture by the end of 1937

Quest for Lebensraum 1938

I. 1938 Munich Agreement – Settlement permitting Germany to annex Czechoslovakia

(Sudetenland)-> German speaking territory along the border of Germany

– Czechoslovakia was never invited to the meeting– World hails this as a peaceful resolution->appeasement– More living space

II. Anschluss 1938 – Occupation and annexation of Austria– Germans stage a coup (government take over)-> handed

Austria over to German– More living space

Quest For Lebensraum 1939

I. Hitler takes over the rest of Czechoslovakia– How? Hitler claims it’s self-determination– Hacha-> President of puppet government in

Czech thinks he can prevent it– Goes to meet Hitler get there at 11pm – Hitler makes him wait until 4am – Then forces him to sign an agreement -

>underestimates him– More living space

Invasion of Albania

I. Mussolini invades Albania-> April 1939– Expanding empire– Albania has valuable ports– Revenge for losing it after WWI

Ticket to Leave

• 1) Explain 1 cause of WWII

• 2) List 3 events that were apart of Axis Aggression

• 3) Describe one of these events in detail