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BUSINESS OBJECTS (DESIGNER)1.AliasA logical pointer to an alternate table name. The purpose of an alias is to resolve loops in the paths of joins.2.CardinalityExpresses the minimum and the maximum number of instances of an entity B that can be associated with an instance of an entity A. The minimum and the maximum number of instances can be equal to 0,1, or N.3.Cartesian productA situation in which a query includes two or more tables that are not linked by a join. If executed, this type of query retrieves all possible combinations between each table and may lead to inaccurate results.4.ClassA logical grouping of objects and conditions within a universe. In general, the name of a class reflects a business concept that conveys the category or type of objects.5.ConditionA component that controls the type and the amount of data returned by a specific object in a query. A condition created in the Designer module is referred to as a predefined condition.6.ConnectionSet of parameters that provides access to an RDBMS. These parameters include system information such as the data account, user identification, and path to the database. Designer provides three types of connections: secured, shared, and personal.7.ContextA method by which Designer can decide which path to choose when more than one path is possible from one table to another in the universe.


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8.Detail objectAn object qualified as a detail provides descriptive data about a dimension object. A detail object cannot be used in drill down analysis.9.Dimension objectAn object being tracked in multidimensional analysis; the subject of the analysis. Dimensions are organized into hierarchies.10.Document domainThe area of the repository that stores documents, templates, scripts, and lists of values.11.DrillThe action of navigating through levels of data. When you drill up, you obtain more summarized or general information. By drilling down, you can reach more refined or detailed information.12.Equi-joinA join based on the equality between the values in the column of one table and the values in the column of another. Because the same column is present in both tables, the join synchronizes the two tables.13.Enterprise modeA work mode whereby a designer creates universes in an environment with a repository. The mode in which a universe is saved determines whether other designers are able to access it. By default, a universe is saved in the mode in which the designer is already working.14.HierarchyAn ordered series of related dimensions used for multidimensional analysis.15.JoinA relational operation that causes two tables with a common column to be combined into a single table. Designer supports equi-joins, theta joins, outer joins, and shortcut joins.


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16.List of valuesA list of values contains the data values associated with an object. These data values can originate from a corporate database, or a flat file such as a text file or Excel file. In Designer you create a list of values by running a query from the Query Panel. You can then view, edit, purge, refresh and even export this file. A list of values is stored as an .lov file in a subfolder of the UserDocs folder.17.LoopA situation that occurs when more than one path exists from one table to another in the universe.18.Measure objectAn object that is derived from an aggregate function. It conveys numeric information by which a dimension object can be measured.19.ObjectA component that maps to data or a derivation of data in the database. For the purposes of multidimensional analysis, an object can be qualified as a dimension, detail, or measure. Objects are grouped into classes.20.Offline modeThe work mode in which the designer works with universes stored locally.21.Online modeThe work mode appropriate for a networked environment in which the general supervisor has set up a repository.22.Outer joinA join that links two tables, one of which has rows that do not match those in the common column of the other table.


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23.Personal connectionA personal connection is used to access resources such as universes or documents. It can be used only by the user who created it. Information about a personal connection is stored in both the PDAC.LSI and PDAC.SSI files; its definition is static and cannot be modified.

24.QualificationA property of an object that determines how it can be used in multidimensional analysis. An object can be qualified as one of three types: a dimension, detail or measure.25.QueryIn Designer a query is a technique for creating or modifying a list of values associated with an object. From the Query Panel, a designer builds a query from the classes, objects, and conditions of a universe.In the BusinessObjects User module, a query is a type of data provider. An end user builds a query from a universe, and then runs the query to generate a Business Objects report.26.Quick DesignA wizard in the Designer module that provides guided instructions for creating a basic universe. It lets a designer name a universe, set up a connection to a database, select strategies, create classes and objects, as well as generate joins with cardinalities.27.RepositoryA centralized set of relational data structures stored in a database. It enables BusinessObjects users to share resources in a controlled and secured environment. The repository is made up of three domains: the security domain, the universe domain, and the document domain.


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28.Secured connectionA secured connection is used to access universes or documents that may be restricted or confidential.It can be shared by several authorized users. Stored in the repository, the definition of a secured connection is updated dynamically.29.Shared connectionA shared connection is used to access common resources such as universes or documents. It can be used by several users. Information about a shared connection is stored in a SDAC.LSI or SDAC.SSI file; its definition is updated dynamically.30.Shortcut joinA join that links two tables by bypassing one or more other tables in the universe.31.StrategyScripts that automatically extract structural information about tables, columns, joins, or cardinalities from a database. Designer provides default strategies but a designer can also create strategies. These are referred to as external strategies.32.Structure paneThe graphical component within the main Designer window that shows the schema of the universe. It reflects the underlying database structure of the universe.33.SubclassA component within a class that groups objects. A subclass can itself contain other subclasses or objects.34.Table BrowserThe graphical component within the main Designer window that lets you create the classes and objects of the universe from the tables and columns of a database.


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35.Theta joinA join that links tables based on a relationship other than equality between two columns.36.UniverseA mapping of the data structure found in databases: tables, columns, joins, etc. A universe, which is made up of classes, objects, and conditions, can represent any specific application, system, or group of users.37.Universe domainThe area of the repository that holds exported universes. The universe domain makes it possible to store, distribute, and administrate universes. There may be multiple universe domains in a repository.38.Universe paneThe graphical component within the main Designer window that displays a hierarchical view of the classes, objects, and conditions in a universe.Two radio buttons on the lower edge of the pane filter the display of the components. One button, the Classes/Objects filter, provides a view of the classes and objects. The other button, Classes/Conditions, provides a view of the classes and conditions.39.User objectAn object created by the end user from the BusinessObjects User module. A user object can be inserted into a universe by the designer.40.Workgroup modeA work mode whereby a designer creates universes in an environment without a repository. The mode in which a universe is saved determines whether other designers are able to access it. By default, a universe is saved in the mode in which the designer is already working.


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41.What is Designer?Designer is a BusinessObjects IS module used by universedesigners to create and maintain universes. Universes are the semantic layer that isolates end users from the technical issues of the database structure.Universe designers can distribute universes to end users by moving them as files through the file system, or by exporting them to the repository.42.How do you design a universe?The design method consists of two major phases. During the first phase, you create the underlying database structure of your universe. This structure includes the tables and columns of a database and the joins by which they are linked. You may need to resolve loops which occur in the joins using aliases or contexts. You can conclude this phase by testing the integrity of the overall structure. During the second phase, you can proceed to enhance the components of your universe. You can also prepare certain objects for multidimensional analysis. As with the first phase, you should test the integrity of your universe structure. You may also wish to perform tests on the universes you create from the BusinessObjects User module. Finally, you can distribute your universes to users by exporting them to the repository or via your file system.For a universe based on a simple relational schema, Designer provides Quick Design, a wizard for creating a basic yet complete universe. You can use the resulting universe immediately, or you can modify the objects and create complex new ones. In this way, you can gradually refine the quality and structure of your universe.43.How do you define universe parameters?The first step in creating a universe is to specify its parameters. These parameters include the definition of a universe, which is comprised of:the universe name


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a description of the universea connection to an RDBMS

You enter universe parameters from the Universe Parameters dialog box. This dialog box also lets you set up database options, external strategies, graphic options, and print settings.44.How do you select tables and columns?You create the initial classes and objects of your universe by selecting them from the tables and columns listed in the Table Browser, and inserting them into the Structure pane. Depending on the database connection parameters, the browser presents you with a list of database tables and columns.NoteBefore selecting tables, you should indicate the strategies you wish to use in creating your universe.45.How do you test the integrity of a universe?With the Check Integrity command, you can test the structure of your active universe. This means testing to determine whether its components are accurate and up-to-date.Check Integrity serves the following purposes:It detects any inconsistencies in the objects, joins, conditions, and cardinalities of your universe.

It detects whether there are any loops in the joins.It determines whether changes were made to the database to

which the universe is connected.46.What is a universe?A universe is a business-oriented mapping of the data structure found in databases: tables, columns, joins, etc. It can represent any specific application, system, or group of users. For example, a universe can relate to a department in a company such as marketing or accounting.In the BusinessObjects User module, universes enable end users to build queries from which they can generate and perform analysis. Universes isolate end users from the complexitiesof the database structure as well as the intricacies of SQL syntax.


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47.What is aggregate awareness?Aggregate awareness is a feature that makes use of predefined aggregate tables to enhance the performance of SQL transactions. It is used to improve the speed by which aggregates are calculated in the database.To set up aggregate awareness in a universe, you define or more objects using the @Aggregate_Aware function. The syntax for this function is as follows:@Aggregate_Aware(aggregate_table_1, ... aggregate_table_n)The arguments of this function are all the names of alternative aggregate tables. When you formulate the syntax, you should beaware of the order of the arguments. The precedence is from left to right; this means that BusinessObjects determines the aggregate to use beginning from the leftmost argument.As a general rule, you should enter the most aggregate table as the first argument, the next most aggregate table as the second argument, and so on. You must then use the Aggregate Navigation editor to set up a list of incompatible objects and/or incompatible conditions for each aggregate table in your universe. These are the components that cannot be used with an aggregate table. You can either set up these lists manually, or cause the list of objects to be detected by Designer.48.What is multidimensional analysis?Multidimensional analysis is a technique for manipulating data in order to view it from different perspectives and on different levels of detail. In BusinessObjects, multidimensional analysis involves drill mode and slice-and-dice mode, and is enabled by the Analyzer and Explorer components of the User module.To set up a universe for multidimensional analysis, you must define hierarchies and dimensions that determine how users view and analyze the data.A dimension is simply the object to be tracked. A dimension can bean object such as Country, Region, and City. A hierarchy is an


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ordered series of related dimensions. An example of a hierarchy is Geography, which may group dimensions such as Country, Region, and City.49.What are classes?A class is a logical grouping of objects within a universe. In general, the name of a class reflects a business concept that conveys the category or type of objects. For example, in a universe pertaining to human resources, one class might be Employees.A class can be further divided into subclasses. In the human resources universe, a subclass of the Employees class could be Personal Information. As designer, you are free to define hierarchies of classes and subclasses in a model that best reflects the business concepts of your organization.50.What are objects?An object is the most refined component in a universe. It maps to data or a derivation of data in the database. Using objects, end users can build queries to generate reports. The name of an object suggests a concept drawn from the terminology of a business or discipline. For a human resources manager, objects might be Employee Name, Address, Salary, or Bonus, while for a financial analyst, objects might be Profit Margin, Return on Investment, etc.For the purposes of multidimensional analysis, objects are qualified as one of three types: dimension, detail, or measure51.What is a list of values?A list of values contains the data values associated with an object. These data values can originate from a corporate database, or a flat file such as a text file or Excel file. In Designer you create a list of values by running a query from the Query Panel. You can then view, edit, purge, refresh, and even export this file. A list of values is stored as an .lov file in a subfolder of the UserDocs folder.\


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52.What is the SQL editor?The SQL editor lets you enter or modify an SQL statement for either the Select statement or Where clause. To invoke this editor, click the button to the right of either the Select or Where text box. You can type the SQL statement directly in the text box located in the upper part of the editor window. Or you can formulate your syntax by using any combination of the following elements: tables, columns, classes, objects, operators, or functions. To select an element (and cause it to appear in the text box) double-click it in the appropriate pane.The functions listed in the Functions pane include the native SQL functions of your RDBMS as well as BusinessObjects @ functions. For further information on @ functions, click .By clicking on a function, you can view its syntax and purpose; this information is displayed in the Description box.53.Create a universe using the Quick Design wizard

1 Click the button on the Standard toolbar.2 Follow the wizard through a series of dialog boxes to create a basic universe.

NotesIf you intend to export the universe, you must select Secured as the connection type.

If you click the File/New starts Quick Design wizard check box in the General tab (Tools menu, Options command) the New command automatically launches the Quick Design wizard.


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54.What are the components of the Designer interface?In Designer, you create a universe using three areas:the Universe pane

the Structure panethe Table Browser

The Universe pane displays the components of the universe from the point of view of BusinessObjects; that is the classes, objects, and conditions.The Structure pane reflects the underlying database structure of the universe including the tables, columns, and joins.The Table Browser is the component that lets you create the classes and objects of the universe from the tables and columns of a database.55.What are the visualization options available?Designer contains a variety of features for organizing and viewing the tables and columns in the Structure pane. Among these features are:List Mode, which adds three panes to the Structure pane. These panes are for viewing the names of tables, joins, and contexts. When you click a component in a pane, its corresponding graphical representation in the schema is highlighted.

Graphic options, which let you customize the shape or appearance of the tables, columns, joins, and cardinalities in the Structure pane.

Arrange tables, a feature that reorganizes the tables in the Structure pane so as to produce an orderly display. Gridlines, a command that displays a grid, which you can use to align tables in the Structure pane.

Table (Column) Values, commands that display the data values associated with a particular table or column.


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56.Create a database connection1 Select the Connections command from the Tools menu.2 Click the Add button.3 In the Add a connection dialog box, click the name of the network driver, then click OK.connection dialog box specific to your RDBMS appears. It is made up of two tabs: Login and Advanced. In each tab, the parameters shown depend on the network driver you selected. For more information, click .4 Type or select the connection parameters in the appropriate boxes, and click OK.Connections dialog box appears once again. It displays the connection you just created.5 Click OK.57.Modify a database connection1 Select the Connections command from the Tools menu.2 Click the connection.3 Click the Edit button.4 In the dialog box, type or select the connection parameters in the appropriate boxes, and click ok. The Connections dialog box appears once again. It displays the connection you just modified.5 Click OK.58.Delete a database connection1 Select the Connections command from the Tools menu.2 Click a previously defined connection.3 Click the Remove button.dialog box prompts you to confirm the action.4 Click Yes.


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59.How do you specify strategies?A strategy is a script that automatically extracts structural information from a database. Designer provides a number of default strategies you can use. These are strategies for extracting joins, detecting cardinalities, and creating default classes and objects. Options for indicating default strategies are located in the Database tab of the Options dialog box.You can also create your own strategies. Such strategies are referred to as external strategies. With an external strategy, you can specify the exact way that objects and joins are to be extracted from the database structure. The strategy you use, for example, can be a script generated from a CASE Access tool. An external strategy is specific to one RDBMS.60.Specify default strategies1 Select the Options command from the Tools menu.2 Click the Database tab.3 In the Default Creation box, select the default strategies you want.Option DescriptionExtract joins with tables. Retrieves tables with the joins that link them according to a join strategy. Detect cardinalities in joins.Detects the cardinalities inherent in the joins.Create default classes and objects from tables. Causes classes and objects to be generated in the Universe pane when you insert tables in the Structure pane.If you select one or more options, Designer uses the corresponding strategies specified in the Strategies tab of the Universe Parameters dialog box: Option DescriptionObjects The strategy creates classes, and names them based on the tables in the database; it also creates objects, and names them


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based on the columns in the database. It replaces all underscore characters (_) with spaces.Joins From the list box, select a join strategy. A description is displayed below the name of the current strategy.Tables Reads the table structure from the database system tables.61.How do you specify external strategies?With an external strategy, you can specify the exact way that objects and joins are to be extracted from the database structure.All external strategies are contained within the same text file. The name of this text file is indicated in the .prm file specific to your RDBMS. In the .prm file, the strategy file is declared as follows:STG=[StrategyFileName]where StrategyFileName is the name of the strategy file.An external strategy, whether for objects or for joins, is made up of the following sections:a name and description (These are visible in the Strategies tab of the Universe Parameters dialog box.)

a type parameter: object or joinan SQL parameter or file parameteran optional parameter that points to a connection other than

the universe connection.An external strategy can be based on SQL or a file.After you have set up external strategies, you can specify them from the Quick Design wizard. Or you can specify them from the Strategies tab of the Universe Parameters dialog box.62.Insert tables in the Structure pane1 Select the Tables command from the Insert menu.2 In the Table Browser, click the tables you want to add to the universe structure.select several contiguous tables, hold down the Shift key, then click the first table and the last table. All the tables between the selected tables will be highlighted. To select several tables that are


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not contiguous, click each table while holding down the Ctrl key.3 Click the Insert button.63.View the Structure pane in List ModeSelect the List Mode command from the View menu.panes (Tables, Joins, and Contexts) are added above the display of the schema. When you click a component in one of these panes, Designer highlights its graphical representation in the schema, and vice-versa.64.Modify graphic options1 Select the Options command from the Tools menu.2 Click the Graphics tab.3 Select the graphic options you want.4 Click OK.64.Arrange tables in the Structure paneSelect the Arrange Tables command from the View menu.65.Display gridlines in the Structure paneSelect the Gridlines command from the View menu.66.View the values of tables1 In the Structure pane, click the table whose values you wish to view.2 Select the Table Values command from the View menu.displays a window, which lists all the values for each column in the table. With the check box Distinct Values, you can filter the display so that only unique values are shown.67.View the values of columns1 In the Structure pane, place the pointer on the column whose values you wish to view.may wish to enlarge the view of the columns by applying the Zoom In command one or more times. This makes it easier to select a column.2 Click the right mouse button.pop-up menu appears.


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3 From the pop-up menu, select the View Column Values command.displays a window, which lists all the values for the column. With the check box, Distinct Values, you can filter the display so that only unique values are shown.68.What join types are supported?Designer supports the following types of joins: equi-joins, outer joins, theta joins, and shortcut joins.In addition to join strategies, Designer provides several other methods for creating or editing joins:the Detect Joins command

tracing the joins manuallythe Edit Join dialog boxthe formula bar

69.Create joins automatically1 Select the Detect Joins command from the Tools menu.Candidate Joins dialog box appears. It displays the joins that were detected according to the join strategy set for the universe. By default, all the joins are selected.2 Insert the joins by doing any of the following: Select one join by clicking it, and then click the Insert button.

Select several contiguous joins. Hold down the Shift key, then click the first and last join. All the joins between the selected joins will be highlighed. Click the Insert button.

Select several joins that are not contiguous. Click each join while holding down the Ctrl key. Click the Insert button.

Select all highlighted joins, and then click the Insert.

3 Click the Close button to dismiss the dialog box.joins appear in the Structure pane.


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70.Trace a join manually1 Position the mouse pointer over the column to be the source of the join.pointer is transformed into a hand symbol.2 Click the column with the left mouse button.column is highlighted.3 While keeping the left mouse button pressed, drag the join which begins to appear away from the source column toward the destination column.pointer is transformed into a pencil.4 Position the pencil over the column to be the destination of the join.5 When the second column is highlighted, release the mouse button.join between the two tables is created.71.Create a join with the Edit Join dialog box1 Select the Join command from the Insert menu.2 In the list boxes, Table1 and Table2, select the tables.3 Click the list box and select an operator.4 In the list boxes below each table, select the column that is to link Table1 to Table2.5 Check the validity of the join by clicking the Parse button.6 Click the OK button.72.Edit a join with the Edit Join dialog box1 Double-click the join.2 In the Edit Join dialog box, modify the definition of the join as needed.3 Check the validity of the join by clicking the Parse button.4 Click the OK button.


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73.Edit a join with the formula bar1 Click the join that you want to edit.formula for the join appears in the formula bar.2 Click the entry area of the formula bar, and edit the formula.3 Press the Enter key to exit from the formula bar.NoteBy default, the formula bar is activated. To deactivate it, select the Formula Bar command from the View menu.74.Delete a join1 Click the join.2 Do one of the following:Press the backspace key on your keyboard

Press the Delete key on your keyboardSelect the Clear command.

NoteBe careful when deleting a join. Deleting one or more joins may have undesirable consequences on the overall structure of your universe.75.What are cardinalities?Cardinality expresses the minimum and maximum number of instances of an entity B that can be associated with an instance of an entity A. The minimum and the maximum number of instances can be equal to 0, 1, or N.Because a join represents a bidirectional relationship, it must always have two cardinalities.If you selected the Detect cardinalities in joins options in the Database tab of the Options dialog box, Designer detects and retrieves the cardinalities of the joins. If you do not use this option, you can still retrieve the cardinalities for one or all joins in the universe.There are two main methods for detecting or editing cardinalities:the Detect Cardinalities command

the Edit Join dialog box


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76.Detect cardinalitiesYou can detect the cardinalities for one join or for all the joins in the universe. For a single join, click it, and in the Edit Join dialog box, click the Detect button. To detect the cardinalities for all joins:1 Select the Detect Cardinalities command from the Tools menu.

A dialog box prompts you to confirm the action for all the joins of the universe.2 Click the OK button.NoteThe Graphics tab of the Options dialog box contains a number of options for the display of cardinalities in the Structure pane.77.What are loops?A loop is a situation that occurs when more than one path exists from one table to another. Loops result in ambiguity in the design of a universe. Designer enables you to identify loops in one of two ways:You can run the Check Integrity function, which indicates the existence of any loops.You can select the Detect Loops command from the Tools menu. If there are loops, the Loop Detection viewer appears; it indicates the joins causing a loop.You can then use aliases or contexts to resolve the loops in your universe.78.What are aliases?An alias is a logical pointer to an alternate table name. The purpose of an alias is to resolve loops in the paths of joins. In some cases, more than one alias may be necessary for a given table.As you create aliases, Designer may prompt you to create other aliases. This occurs when the new aliases result in the need for additional aliases; in other words, creating such aliases entails the propagation of other aliases.In such a situation, two options are available to you:


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You can cause only the first table proposed to be aliasedYou can alias all the tables listed (i.e. propagate the aliases)Designer displays an alias in the Structure pane as a table. It links an aliased table to existing tables, re-arranging joins, as necessary.79.Create an alias automatically1 Select the Detect Aliases command from the Tools menu.Candidate Alias dialog box appears.2 In the left pane of the dialog box, click the first table that you wish to alias.right pane displays the alias name(s) Designer suggests for the table you selected. To give an alias a different name, click the Rename button, and enter the new name.3 Click the Create button.message box prompts you to confirm the creation of the alias(es). In some cases, a dialog box may prompt you to propagate additional aliases.

4 Click the OK button.5 Repeat steps 2 to 4 for the remaining tables (if any).6 Click Close to dismiss the dialog box. NotesBefore using Detect Aliases, check to see that all the tables in the universe are already linked by joins.

Before using Detect Aliases, be sure that Designer has already detected all the cardinalities of joins; if this is not the case, select the Detect Cardinalities command from the Tools menu.80.Create an alias manually1 In the Structure pane, click the table for which you want to create an alias.2 Select the Alias command from the Insert menu.dialog box appears prompting you to enter a name for the aliased table.3 Enter a new name for the aliased table, or keep the one proposed.4 Click OK.aliased table appears in the Structure pane.Note


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If you create an alias manually, you must also create the joins necessary to link it to the other tables.81.What are contexts?A context is a rule by which Designer can decide which of two paths to choose when more than one path is possible from one table to another. Contexts can be used to resolve loops in the universe.You can create contexts manually, or cause them to be detected by Designer. When contexts are useful, Designer suggests a list of contexts that you can create.82.Create a context automatically1 Select the Detect Contexts command from the Tools menu.Candidate Contexts dialog box is displayed.2 In the left pane of the dialog box, click the name of the first context you wish to create. Click the Add button.context is displayed in the right pane. You can remove any context from the right pane by selecting it, and then clicking the Remove button.4 Repeat steps 2 and 3, if applicable, to add the other contexts.5 If you wish to rename a context, select it from the right pane, and then click the Rename button.Rename Context dialog box appears from which you can enter a new name.

6 Click the OK button.Structure pane is displayed in List Mode. This lets you view the contexts you created.83.Create a context manually1 Select the Context command from the Insert menu.2 In the New Context dialog box, type a name for the context in the text box.3 In the Current context join list box, click all the joins defining the context.can click the Detect button for assistance; it shows the joins making up a context and suggests a name for it.


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4 If you wish to see all the joins you selected, click the Show selected only option.view makes it easy to see the joins you selected. To return to the previous view, click the option again.5 Click OK.context is created.84.How do you test the integrity of a universe?With the Check Integrity command, you can test the structure of your active universe. This means testing to determine whether its components are accurate and up-to-date.Check Integrity serves the following purposes:It detects any inconsistencies in the objects, joins, conditions, and cardinalities of your universe.

It detects whether there are any loops in the joins.It determines whether changes were made to the database to

which the universe is connected.85.Run check integrity1 Select the Check Integrity command from the Tools menu.Integrity Check dialog box appears.2 In the dialog box, click the component(s) to be checked by clicking the corresponding check boxes.Check All causes all the options to be checked.3 Click the parse level.parsing checks only the syntax of a component Thorough parsing checks both the syntax and semantics of a component. Of the two options, the latter may take longer to run.4 Click OK.NoteOptions for running Check Integrity automatically are available in the Options dialog box (Tools menu).


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86.What functions are supported?Designer provides four types of functions: Number, Character, Date and @Functions. Refer to your database guide for further details on the first three types of functions. Functions beginning with the @ character are BusinessObject functions that render the definition of objects dynamic and database-independent.@Function Purpose@Aggregate_Aware is used to enhance the performance of SQL transactions; i.e. it determines which tables to use in SQL generation: either aggregate tables or detailed tables.@Prompt is used to create an interactive object. In the Query Panel, this type of object causes a message to appear that prompts the end user to enter a specific value.@Script is used to recover the results of an executed macro created with the Visual Basic Editor in the BusinessObjects User module.@Select lets you re-use the Select statement of an existing object@Variable is used to reference the value assigned to a name or variable.@Where lets you re-use the Where clause of an existing object. @Aggregate_AwareSyntax @Aggregate_Aware(aggregate_table_1, ... aggregate_table_n)arguments are the names of alternative aggregate tables. The precedence of the arguments is from left to right.Description is used to enhance the performance of SQL transactions; i.e. it determines which tables to use in SQL generation: either aggregate tables or detailed tables.Example

@Aggregate_Aware(sum(Region_SLine.sales_revenue), sum(Service.price * Invoice_Line.days * Invoice_Line.nb_guests))@Prompt


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Syntax @Prompt ('message', ['type'], [lov], [MONO|MULTI], [FREE|CONSTRAINED]) message is the text of a message within single quotes. type can be one of the following: 'A' for alphanumeric, 'N' for number, or 'D' for date.lov can be either a list of values enclosed in brackets (each value must be within single quotes and separated by commas) or the name of a class and object separated by a backslash and within single quotes. MONO means that the prompt accepts only one value. MULTI means that the prompt can accept several values.FREE refers to free input as opposed to CONSTRAINED, which means that the end user must choose a value suggested by the prompt.Description Is used to create an interactive object. In the Query Panel, this type of object causes a message to appear. This message prompts the end user to enter a specific value.Note The last four arguments are optional; however, if you omit an argument you must still enter the commas as separators.Example In Where Clause:.city IN @Prompt ('Choose City', 'A', {'Chicago', 'Boston', 'New York'}, MULTI, FREE)the Query Panel, the object prompts the end user to choose a city.@ScriptSyntax @Script('var_name', 'vartype', 'script_name') 'var_name' is a variable name declared in the VBA macro. This name enables the results of the executed macro to be recovered in the SQL definition of an object. This name must be identical in both the macro and in the SQL definition of the object. 'vartype' is the variable type declared in the VBA macro: 'A' for alphanumeric, 'D' for date, 'N' for numeric. 'script_name' is the name of the VBA macro to be executed. VBA macro files are located in the Scripts folder.Description Recovers the results of an executed macro created with the Visual Basic Editor in the BusinessObjects User module.Note The second argument is optional; however, if you omit it you must still enter the commas as separators.


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Example In Where clause:.cust_id = @Script('Number_of_customers', 'A', 'customers')the results of a macro called customers, which calculates the number of customers.@SelectSyntax @Select(Classname\Objectname)Description Lets you re-use the Select statement of an existing object. @VariableSyntax @Variable('myname')'myname' can be one of the following: The text of an interactive object previously created with the @Prompt function; i.e. the first argument entered in the @Prompt function. A BusinessObjects system variable such as BOUSER or BOPASS. These variables represent respectively the user name and password forming the user identification. System variables also exist for the connection to the RDBMS.Description References the value assigned to a prompt or variable.Example in where Clause:.first_name = @Variable('BOUSER')function references the system variable BOUSER. In the Query Panel, this object retrieves customers having a first name equal to the BOUSER value.@WhereSyntax @Where(Classname\Objectname) Description Lets you re-use the Where clause of an existing object.85.What is meant by object qualification?The qualification of an object reveals how it can be used in multidimensional analysis. An object can be qualified as a dimension, a detail, or a measure. In the Universe pane, the symbol beside each object indicates its qualification:a for a dimension

a for a measurea for a detail


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86.Create a list of values1 In the Universe pane, double-click the object for which you want to create a list of values. Edit Properties dialog box appears.2 Click the Properties tab.3 Enter a name for the .lov file in the List Name text box. canenter up to 8 alphanumeric characters.4 Click the Display button to obtain the List of Values dialog box. List of Values dialog box displays all the possible data values associated with the object.5 Click the OK button to create the .lov file. Stores .love files in a subfolder of the UserDocs folder. The name of the subfolder is that of the universe in which the object is located.87.Assign personal data to a list of values1 Select the Lists of Values command from the Tools menu. List of Values dialog box is displayed.2 In the dialog box, click the object whose list of values you wish to edit.3 Click the Personal Data radio button in the Properties group box. Message box informs you that you are about to change the .lov type from corporate to personal.4 Click the OK button to confirm the action. displays the Access Personal Data dialog box. The options displayed vary depending on the file type you select.5 Click the Browse button, and from the browser, specify the file to be used as the .lov.can also type the file name in the Name text box.6 Specify the file format by selecting an option from the Format list box. Options are Text Files (*.asc;*.prn;*.txt;*.csv), Microsoft Excel, Lotus 1-2-3, or dbase.7 Specify the remaining options, as necessary. a text file, one line is equivalent to one row. For a text file, indicate the type of column delimiter: a tabulation, space, or character. If you select character as the type, enter the character in the text box.


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8 Click the Run button to confirm the above actions, and to close the dialog box.88.What is aggregate awareness?Aggregate awareness is a feature that makes use of predefined aggregate tables to enhance the performance of SQL transactions. It is used to improve the speed by which aggregates are calculated in the database.To set up aggregate awareness in a universe, you define or more objects using the @Aggregate_Aware function. The syntax for this function is as follows:@Aggregate_Aware(aggregate_table_1, ... aggregate_table_n)The arguments of this function are all the names of alternative aggregate tables. When you formulate the syntax, you should be aware of the order of the arguments. The precedence is from left to right; this means that BusinessObjects determines the aggregate to use beginning from the leftmost argument.As a general rule, you should enter the most aggregate table as the first argument, the next most aggregate table as the second argument, and so on.

You must then use the Aggregate Navigation editor to set up a list of incompatible objects and/or incompatible conditions for each aggregate table in your universe. These are the components that cannot be used with an aggregate table.You can either set up these lists manually, or cause the list of objects to be detected by Designer.89.Specify incompatible objects for aggregate tables1 Select the Aggregate Navigation command from the Tools menu.2 In the Universe Tables box, click a predefined aggregate table.3 In the Associated Incompatible Objects box, click the check box beside each incompatible object. Or click the Detect


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Incompatibility button to do this automatically. check mark appearsbeside the incompatible objects.90.Specify incompatible conditions for aggregate tables1 Select the Aggregate Navigation command from the Tools menu.2 In the Universe Tables box, click a predefined aggregate table.3 Click the radio button.4 In the Associated Incompatible Objects box, click the check box beside each incompatible condition. Or click the Detect Incompatibility button to do this automatically. check mark appearsbeside the incompatible conditions.91.What are Enterprise and Workgroup modes?Designer lets you save universes in either enterprise or workgroup mode. Enterprise mode means that you are working in an environment with a repository. Workgroup mode means that you are working without a repository. The mode in which you save your universe determines whether other designers are able to access them. By default, a universe is saved in the mode in which you are already working. For example, if you launched a session in enterprise mode, any universe you save is automatically in that mode. However, if you want to make a universe accessible to another designer working without a repository, then click the Save as Workgroup check box in the Save as universe dialog box.92.How do you distribute universes?You can distribute a universe to end users or another designer by:Moving it as a file through the file serverExporting it to the repositoryIf you distribute a universe as a file through the file server, any designer or end user can open it unless you have set a password on it.The repository is a centralized set of relational data structures stored on a database. This device enable BusinessObjects users to


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share resources in a controlled and secured environment. The repository is made up of three domains: the security domain, the universe domain, and the document domain.The Import and Export commands of Designer let you move universes to and from the universe domain of the repository. 93.Export a universe to the repository1 Select the Export command from the File menu. ExportUniverse dialog box appears.2 In the Repository list box, click the universe domain to which you want to export the universe. 3 In the Groups box, click the group(s) to which you want to export the universe.4 If you wish to export other universes at the same time, click the Add button, and then use the browser to specify the universes. Default, all open universes are displayed.

5 Double-click each universe you wish to keep locked in the repository. Padlock appears beside a locked universe.6 In the Universes box, click the universe(s) you wish to export.7 Click OK.

NotesYou can export a universe only if its connection type is secured.

By default, the Universes box displays a list of all open universes. To remove a universe from this list, select it, and then click the Remove button.


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94.Create a dynamic link between two universes

1 Open or select the universe to be linked to a kernel universe.2 Select the Parameters command from the File menu. UniverseParameters dialog box is displayed.3 Click the Links tab of the dialog box.4 Click the Add Link button.dialog box appears from which you can select a universe.5 Click the universe to be linked to your active universe, and then click the Open button. Universe that you select is then displayed in the central pane of the Links tab.6 Click the OK button. Components are displayed within the active window.NotesTo link an active universe to a kernel universe, you must have exported the kernel universe at least once. Otherwise, Designer does not allow the link.

Designer displays the components from the kernel universe as dimmed in both the Universe and Structure panes of the active universe. You cannot modify or delete them; however, you can create a join linking a table originating from the kernel universe to one in the active universe.WEBIUsed for query, reporting and analysis needs over the WEB. With Web you can access the data from your corporate database or DWH from within your office, home or around the world.Web users uses the same universes created for Full Client users.


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BCAAllows BO and Web users to automatically process and publish their BO documents, via a repository, an intranet or Internet.End users can schedule documents for processing and distribution at times, which suit their business.End users can even set conditions so that BCA can distribute and process documents only events when such as increased revenue occur.Info viewBrowser based tool used for designing, generating and publishing your report.Miner: Data mining tool, implements decision tree algorithms.


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