Queen Liliuokalani. 1892 she is made Queen of Hawaii Sister of King Kalakaua Also believed in...
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Transcript of Queen Liliuokalani. 1892 she is made Queen of Hawaii Sister of King Kalakaua Also believed in...
Queen Liliuokalani
Queen Liliuokalani
• 1892 she is made Queen of Hawaii
• Sister of King Kalakaua
• Also believed in restoring Hawaiian power and rights to their own kingdom
Queen Liliuokalani
• Wanted to get rid of Bayonet Constitution since it was illegal and unfair to the Hawaiian people
• Wanted a new constitution which said:– Don’t need land to vote– Must be a citizen of Hawaii to
vote– King/Queen can elect
whomever they choose for their government
– King/Queen regains power to make decisions
Committee of Public Safety formed…
• Made up of Annexation club and foreigners upset with Queen’s plans to do away with Bayonet Constitution
• Planned to get rid of Queen– Set up a provisional
(temporary) government– Push for annexation of
Hawaiian Kingdom to U.S.
Queen Liliuokalani
• Once she found out a Committee of Public Safety had formed Queen Liliuokalani decided that she would not try to get a new constitution written so no fighting occurred.
Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
• Committee of Public Safety felt it was too late.
• They asked the U.S. minister to Hawaii John L. Stevens for protection
Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
• Minister Stevens had about 160 U.S. Marines:– land in Hawaii– march up to Iolani
Palace– protect all Americans
living in Hawaii in case any war or fighting broke out.
Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
• Committee of Public Safety went to Iolani Palace and proclaimed the end of the Hawaiian monarchy
• Queen Liliuokalani did not want her people to get hurt and so she surrendered and went to Washington Place.
Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
• Queen Liliuokalani hoped the U.S. would stop the illegal overthrow and return Hawaii to her.
Provisional Government
• The Committee of Public Safety set up a provisional or temporary government to rule the Hawaiian Kingdom until annexation to the U.S.
• Sanford Dole is nominated as president of the government
Provisional Government
• The provisional government said that all people must pledge an oath of loyalty to them, but many Hawaiians refused
• The provisional government sent a request for annexation to President Harrison of the U.S.
• At the same time Queen Liliuokalani sent a request asking for her kingdom back and for U.S. to help stop this illegal overthrow
Provisional Government
• Queen’s request was blocked by the Provisional government and so President Harrison only heard their side.
• He said the overthrow was ok and that annexation of Hawaii will happen.
Annexation of Hawaii
• Before President Harrison was able to sign an annexation treaty with Hawaii he is replaced by President Grover Cleveland.
• President Cleveland conducted an investigation
– found that the overthrow was illegal
– so he chose to not allow the annexation of Hawaii
– demanded that Hawaii be returned to Queen Liliuokalani
Annexation of Hawaii
• The Provisional government was not happy with this and so they refused to listen to President Cleveland.
• Instead they planned on waiting until a president who is willing to annex Hawaii is elected.
• While they waited they used Iolani Palace as their new headquarters.
• They created the first Hawaiian fire department and National Guard
Hawaii Becomes a Republic
• Sanford Dole and Lorrin Thurston created a new constitution– All voters must be able to read
and write either in English or Hawaiian
– All voters must have:• money• land• they must promise not to help the
Queen or the Hawaiian people (oath of loyalty to the new Republic of Hawaii)
– Also no hula dancing and music must be European music
Hawaii Becomes a Republic
• 1894 this new constitution was approved by the Provisional Government and those who can vote.
• Hawaii became a republic.
• They were led by Sanford Dole.
Wilcox Attempts Another Revolt
• Robert Wilcox and the people of Hawaii were really upset at what happened with their Queen, etc…
• So Wilcox planned another revolt.
• He and his men bought guns from San Francisco and buried them by Diamond Head
• The plan was to attack the Provisional Government on January 7, 1895
Wilcox Attempts Another Revolt
• Government forces found out about the attack and ambushed Wicox and his men at Waikiki
• Fighting lasted for 2 weeks until Wilcox and his men surrendered.
Punishment for Wilcox’s Revolt
• Upset at what Wilcox did, the Provisional Government had Queen Liliuokalani, Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole, Prince David Kawananakoa, along with 200 other Hawaiians locked up and put on trial.
• Nearly all are found guilty of treason.
• Some were sentenced to death, but eventually sentences were changed to life in jail.
President McKinley and Annexation
• 1896 President McKinley became president of the U.S. and he agreed that annexation should occur because Hawaii is a perfect refueling spot for U.S. Navy in times of war.
• 1898 Spanish American War started and U.S. used Hawaii as a base to refuel their battleships as they fought Spain in the Philippines
• Afraid of losing control of Hawaii President McKinley officially annexed Hawaii in that same year.
• Hawaii was now a part of America and the Hawaiian Kingdom was officially over.
Questions (Use Reading, textbook pages 155-162, and Notes)
1. Why did the Committee of Safety overthrow the Hawaiian Kingdom?
• 2. On page 160 in your textbook, a man named James Blount played an important role in trying to restore Queen Liliuokalani to the position of leader of Hawaii.
– Who was James Blount?– What did he do? Did it work? Explain why or why not.
• 3. After the overthrow the provisional government changed Hawaii into a republic. Yet on page 162 it says that Hawaii really wasn’t a true republic. Explain why.
• 4. What changes did Sanford Dole and Lorrin Thurston add to the constitution of the Republic of Hawaii?
• 5. Explain what Robert Wilcox did to try to restore power to the Hawaiian Kingdom after the Republic of Hawaii was created?
• 6. Whether you agree with the overthrow and annexation of the Hawaiian Kingdom or not, state your opinion about the whole event.
Questions Continued
• 7. What was life like under the Republic of Hawaii for both Americans and Hawaiians? Explain.
• 8. What role did the Spanish American War play in America’s decision to annex Hawaii?
• 9. Think. There are many positives that happened for Hawaii once we became part of the U.S. Explain a few of them. What are some of the negatives?
• 10. Do you think annexation has been positive or negative for Hawaii and it’s people?