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Long Answer Questions

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TOPIC : DTP

1) Write note on HSB color moel!

Ans! HSB "oel: The HSB model describes three fundamental characteristics of color:

Hue: It denotes the color reflected from or transmitted through an object It is measured as a

location on the standard color !heel and e"#ressed as a degree bet!een 0 and $%0

S#tur#tion: &lso called Chroma' it denotes the strength or #urit( of the color It is the #ercentage of

color minus the amount of gra( in it Therefore' 0) is gra( and *00) is full( saturated Saturation

increases from the centre to the edge of the !heel

Brig$tness:It denotes the relati+e lightness or dar,ness of the color' measured as a #ercentage

from 0) -blac,. to *00) -!hite.

%) Discuss t$e &ollowing tools in P$otos$o':

(#) Blur #n S$#r'en Tool

() Clone St#m' Tool

Ans! (#) Blur ( S$ort Cut: *)

This tool blurs an image b( reducing the color contrast bet!een neighboring #i"els It actuall(

softens the regions on !hich it is a##lied and blends colors to reduce the focus /ou can increase

the Strength setting in the #tions bar to strengthen the effect Chec, on Sam#le all la(ers to

blurred the content of more than one la(er e+en if a single la(er is selected ther!ise onl( the

selected la(er1s !ill be blurred

S$#r'en (S$ort Cut: *)

This tool selecti+el( shar#ens an image b( increasing the contrast bet!een neighboring #i"els This

tool actuall( gi+es (ou the im#ression of an image being in focus ith this tool (ou can enhance

#ortions of an image that (ou !ant to em#hasi3e Increasing the #ressure setting in the #tions bar

lets (ou increase the intensit( of the effect

Chec, on Sam#le all la(ers to shar#en the content of more than one la(er e+en if a single la(er is

selected ther!ise onl( the selected la(er1s !ill be shar#ened

() Clone St#m' (S$ort Cut: S)

/ou can use this tool to co#( an area of the image and #aint it else!here !ith a brush /ou can also

clone te"tures from one small area of the image to another To clone an area' (ou !ill ha+e to first

sam#le it b( #ressing &lt ,e( and Clic,ing Then' as (ou #aint !ith an a##ro#riate brush' the tool

begins co#(ing the #oint of the image that !as sam#led

Chec, the &ligned o#tion to maintain the alignment of the Clone Stam# brush !ith the original

sam#led area ther!ise a ne! beginning !ill be made e+er(time !e start brushing after a brea,

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Chec, on Sam#le all la(ers to sam#le the content of all the la(ers ther!ise onl( the selected

la(ers !ill be sam#led

e can also create +ariations to the clone b( selecting blending mode or changing the +alue of

o#acit( and flo!

+) W$#t is P#int Buc,et Tool #n "#gic W#n in Aoe P$otos$o'

Ans! P#int Buc,et tool (S$ort Cut: .)

This tool is used to fill foreground colour or #attern o+er a selection or o+er #i"els of similar colour

based on tolerance +alue

e can a##l( the colour based on Blening "oeand O'#cit/

Anti-Ali#s:Smoothens the edges of a diagonal line of colour fill

Contiguous: This o#tion hel#s us to a##l( the colour or #attern o+er the continuous range of a

#articular coloured #i"el If (ou unchec, this o#tion' (ou can select all the #i"els in the image

!ithin the same tolerance range e+en if the( are not continuous

S#m'le All L#/ers: This o#tion' b( default' remains inacti+e Thus the Colour a##lied b( PaintBuc,et is limited to #i"els !ithin the same tolerance range on a single la(er If (ou chec, this

o#tion' (ou can ha+e the same effect on multi#le la(ers

T$e "#gic W#n Tool (S$ort Cut: W)

This tool ma,es automatic selections based on the similarit( of #i"el brightness /ou can select a

consistentl( colored area b( selecting this tool and clic,ing the mouse on the area to be selected

/ou can s#ecif( the color range or tolerance for this tool from the Tolerance setting in the #tion

bar Increasing the tolerance +alue selects more #i"els The sam#le si3e of the (edro##er tool' also

contributes to the 5agic and If the (edro##er is set to a #oint sam#le' the 5agic !and !ill

calculate its selection based on the tolerance of a single #i"el

There are some other settings in the #tions bar to control the 5agic and1s beha+ior:

Contiguous: This is the default setu# that limits the 5agic and selection to adjacent #i"els If (ou

unchec, this o#tion' (ou can select all the #i"els in the image !ithin the same tolerance range

S#m'le All L#/ers: This o#tion' b( default' remains inacti+e Thus the 5agic !and1s selection is

limited to #i"els !ithin the same tolerance range on a single la(er If (ou chec, this o#tion' (ou can

ha+e the same effect on multi#le la(ers

0) How o /ou #''l/ s'eci#l e&&ects in P$otos$o' 2'l#in e#c$ wit$ #n e2#m'le!

Ans!The filter can be di+ided into t!o grou#s:

Correcti3e 4ilters

These filters allo! (ou to modif( scanned images for #rinting or screen dis#la( These filters actuall(

change the focus of an image' enhance color transitions and a+erage the colors of neighboring #i"els

/ou can access these filters b( choosing 4ilter Blur5 6oise5 S$#r'en and other submenus These

filters are the ones !hich (ou are most li,el( to use on a da(6to6da( basis

Destructi3e 4ilters

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These filters !or, b( destro(ing the original clarit( and com#osition of the image /ou can find most of

them b( choosing 4ilter Distort5 Pi2el#te5 *ener and St/li7esubmenus

& subset of destructi+e filters is called the effects filters

&&ects 4ilters

/ou can find these filters in the 7ilter 8aller( art from this' (ou can also find them b( choosing4ilter Artistic5 Brus$ Stro,es5 S,etc$ andTe2turesubmenus & fe! of them can also be accessed

from 4ilter Distort Di&&use .low5 .l#ss andOce#n *i''le and 4ilter St/li7e .lowing

ges

How 4ilter Wor,s

7or a##l(ing a filter effect' first (ou !ill ha+e to choose a command from the 7ilter menu The filter

gets a##lied to the selected #ortion of the image on the current la(er Ho!e+er' if no #ortion of the

image is selected' Photosho# a##lies the filter to the entire la(er

*e#''l/ing t$e l#st &ilter

/ou can rea##l( the last filter in the current Photosho# session b( choosing the first command from the7ilter menu or b( #ressing Ctrl 9 7 This techniue !or,s e+en if (ou undo the last a##lication of a

filter

4#ing # 4ilter

hen (ou ha+e a##lied a filter command' (ou can reduce its intensit( /ou can actuall( reduce the

intensit( of the last filter b( choosing it 4#e or b( #ressing Ctrl9Shift97 B( doing so' (ou can

mi" the filtered image !ith the original' unfiltered one The 7ade dialog bo" gi+es (ou the basic tools of

image mi"ing an #acit( +alue and a blend mode #o#6u# menu

Heig$tening 4ocus #n Contr#st

If an image is scanned or #hotogra#hed !ith elements that are out of focus' (ou can use the shar#ening

filters to increase the contrast bet!een neighbouring #i"els The Shar#ening filters include Shar#en'Shar#en 5ore' Shar#en dges' ;nshar# 5as, and High Pass commands f these' the first three are the

#reset shar#ening filters' !hich are eas( to use Shar#en and Shar#en 5ore filters affect !hate+er area

of (our image is selected The Shar#en dges filter affects onl( on the edges bet!een colors in the

image Hence' (ou !ill get a glim#se into the remaining t!o filters in the subseuent discussion

8sing t$e 8ns$#r' m#s, 4ilter

Contrar( to the nomenclature a##eal' this filter has nothing to do !ith unshar#ening Its name has been

deri+ed from a film com#ositing techniue that highlights the edges in an image b( combining a blurred

film negati+e !ith the original film #ositi+e

;nshar# 5as, filter !or,s b( either shar#ening onl( the edges in an image or b( shar#ening an(

#ortion of an image according to (our s#ecifications /ou can access this b( choosing 4ilter S$#r'en 8ns$#r' m#s, This o#ens the ;nshar# 5as, dialog bo" The o#tions a+ailable are:

Amount: This o#tion allo!s (ou to determine the degree to !hich (ou !ant to shar#en (our image

/ou can do this b( t(#ing a +alue bet!een * and

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*#ius: This lets (ou determine the thic,ness of the shar#ened edge =o! +alues result in cris# edges

Higher +alues result in #roducing thic,er edges !ith more contrast throughout the image

T$res$ol: This +alue s#ecifies the numerical difference bet!een the brightness +alues of t!o

neighbouring #i"els that should ha##en if Photosho# !ere to shar#en those #i"els hen (ou t(#e a

+alue bet!een 0 and 2esam#le Image o#tions selected and set to Bicubic /ou !ill then ha+e to shrin, the image

to adial Blur blurs #i"els in +ar(ing degrees

"otion Blurring

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ith 5otion Blurring' (ou can gi+e the im#ression to an image as if either the image or the camera !as

mo+ing !hen (ou shot the #hoto /ou can access this command b( choosing 4ilter Blur "otion

Blur This dis#la(s the 5otion Blur dialog bo"

/ou can t(#e the angle of mo+ement in the &ngle o#tion bo" /ou can t(#e the distance of the

mo+ement in the Distance o#tions bo" The 7ilter distributes the effect of the blur o+er the course of the

Distance +alue

8sing t$e Win 4ilter

If (ou do not !ant to ha+e directional blurring in t!o directions' (ou can o#t for the ind filter It

distributes #i"els in one absolute direction &lso' this filter doesn1t blur #i"els /ou can access this

command b( 4ilter St/li7e Win and o#en the ind dialog bo"

/ou get three methods ind' Blast and Stagger to choose from /ou can select from t!o directions:

7rom the >ight and 7rom the =eft

/ou can combine the 5otion Blur and ind filters to get both the illusion of action !ith the

clarit( #reser+ed b( ind

*#i#l Blurring

/ou can a##l( blurring in a radial fashion b( choosing 4ilter Blur *#i#l Blur The >adial blur

dialog bo" gi+es (ou t!o Blur 5ethod o#tions: S#in and ?oom

ith S#in' the image a##ears to be rotating about a central #oint ith ?oom' the image seems to rush

a!a( from (ou' gi+ing (ou the im#ression of 3ooming the camera !hile shooting the #hotogra#h

Sm#rt Blurring

hen (ou !ant to blur the lo!6contrast #ortions of an image !hile retaining the edges' (ou can go for

the Smart blurring o#tion /ou can access this command b( choosing 4ilter Blur Sm#rt Blur

This filter is useful for reducing #hoto grain' blemishes and artifacts >adius and Threshold The >adiuso#tion e"#ands the number of #i"els calculated at a time as (ou increase its +alue The Threshold o#tion

s#ecifies ho! different t!o neighboring #i"els must be to be considered as an edge

8sing t$e Lens Blur 4ilter

This filter can simulate the t(#e of o#tical blurring that occurs in the real !orld This allo!s (ou to

#erform selecti+e blurring on cris# #ictures /ou can access this command b( choosing 4ilter Blur

Lens Blur and o#en the =ens Blur dialog bo"

The dialog bo" gi+es (ou the follo!ing o#tions:

Pre3iew: n the left side of the bo"' (ou get to see the image #re+ie! hen (ou select the #re+ie!

o#tion' (ou get the u#dated image e+er( time (ou go for an adjustment /ou can choose bet!een 7asterand 5ore &ccurate #re+ie! o#tions

De't$ "#': This o#tion actuall( contains information that assigns an imaginar( #osition in s#ace to

e+er( indi+idual #i"el in (our image /ou get three o#tions from the Source #o#6u# menu:

6one6 blurs each #i"el in (our image uniforml(

Tr#ns'#renc/6 blurs certain #i"els based on their trans#arenc( +alues

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L#/er "#s,6 blurs #i"els on the gra(scale +alues in an image1s la(er

Iris: This actuall( simulates different t(#es of irises in the camera lens &n( genuine lens blur effect in

a #hotogra#h de#ends +er( much on the sha#e of the iris The Sha#e #o#6u# menu lets (ou select sha#e

of the iris !hich can be an(thing from a triangular to an octagonal one These Sha#e o#tions along !ith

Blade Cur+ature and >otation settings allo!s (ou to create different t(#es of realistic details and

im#erfections in (our lens blur effects The >adius setting allo!s (ou to adjust the amount of blura##lied to (our image

S'ecul#r Hig$lig$ts: Some of the blurring filters in Photosho# !hen a##lied to (our image' ma,es

colors to be a+erages and bright !hites to be shades of gra( The S#ecular Highlights can sol+e the

gra(ing #roblems /ou can decrease the Threshold amount to add areas that !ill be affected b( the

highlights and increase the Brightness le+el to load (our image !ith lots of !hite

6oise: This o#tion counteracts the softening effect on an image b( adding artifacts and disturbances

/ou can choose bet!een either ;niform or 8aussian to set the t(#e on noise If (ou choose the

5onochromatic o#tion' the noise generated doesn1t affect the color in (our image

A''l/ing # Bo2 Blur

The Bo" Blur !or,s b( com#aring each #i"el !ith the #i"els directl( abo+e' belo!' left and right of it

/ou get a >adius slider in the Bo" Blur dialog bo" to adjust the effect

8sing t$e S$#'e Blur

/ou can access this b( choosing 4ilter Blur S$#'e Blur and o#en u# the dialog bo" /ou !ill get

a #re+ie! of the image in the dialog bo"

The dialog bo" has 3oom controls for the #re+ie! bo" /ou can control radius in #i"els !ith the >adius

slider /ou get a #alette of sha#es to choose from for a##l(ing the Sha#e Blur To blur !ith a sha#e' (ou

ha+e to sim#l( clic, a sha#e in the #alette

6oise 4#ctors

/ou can ha+e noise factors in (our image !ith the hel# of four filters in its 4ilter 6oise submenus

hile @oise adds random #i"els to (our image' the remaining three namel( Des#ac,le' Bust and

Scratches' and 5edian a+erage the colors of surrounding #i"els to remo+e noise

Aing 6oise: 8sing t$e A 6oise 4ilter

hen (ou add noise' (ou actuall( add grit and te"ture to (our image /ou can add noise b( choosing

4ilter 6oise A 6oise and o#en u# the dialog bo"

The &dd @oise dialog bo" gi+es (ou the follo!ing o#tions:

Amount: This +alue' e"#ressed as a #ercentage' re#resents a color range This range stands for stra(ingof #i"els from their current colors in (our image

8ni&orm: hen (ou !ant an e+en color distribution' (ou can select this o#tion It adds colors

absolutel( randoml( !ithin the s#ecified range

.#ussi#n:Selecting this o#tion #roduces more #ronounced effect resulting in more light and dar,

#i"els

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"onoc$rom#tic:/ou can add a gra(scale noise using this o#tion This is #ossible because Photosho#

distributes the noise in the same manner in all channels

8sing t$e Des'#c,le 4ilter

The Des#ac,le command !or,s b( searching an image for its edges and then ignores the edges and

blurs e+er(thing else Infact' this filter can #roduce nearl( the e"act o##osite of the Shar#en dgesfilter

A3er#ging 'i2els wit$ "ei#n 4ilter

5edian remo+er noise b( a+eraging the colors in an image' one #i"el at a time hen (ou choose 4ilter

6oise "ei#n ' (ou get a >adius o#tion bo" ithin a selection' this filter actuall( a+erages the

colors of surrounding #i"els that fall inside the s#ecified radius

S$#r'ening # com'resse im#ge

Some digital cameras #roduce images !ith jagged edges' artifacts and other blemishes These are the

results of #oor resolution or some fault( com#ression' or both /ou can ho!e+er' firm u# the details and

smooth out the color transitions in (our digital #hotos b( a combination of filters6 5edian' 8aussian

Blur and ;nshar# 5as, to a la(ered image /ou can underta,e the follo!ing ste#s:

Select the !hole image and ma,e a co#( of it to ne! la(er

Choose 4ilter 6oise "ei#n

Choose 4ilter Blur .#ussi#n Blur

Choose 4ilter S$#r'en 8ns$#r' "#s,

=o!er the =a(er1s #acit( +alue

5erge the la(er !ith the underl(ing one b( #ressing Ctrl9

Cle#ning u' sc#nne $#l&tones using Dust #n Scr#tc$es &ilter

The #ur#ose of the Dust and Scratches filter is to remo+e dust #articles' hairs' scratches and other

im#erfections that come !ith a scan This filter gi+es (ou t!o o#tions: >adius and Threshold &long

!ith remo+ing dirt' this filter also remo+es scanning halftones These halftones are the dots that (ou can

find in the #rinted images of boo,s and maga3ines

8sing t$e A3er#ge 4ilter

hen (ou choose 4ilter Blur A3er#ge ' (ou can re#lace (our image !ith a gra(ish !all of

nothing This filter isn1t reall( useful hen a #ortion of the image is selected' the &+erage filter

a##lies changes to onl( the selected area

9) 2'l#in #out t$e te2ture #n '#ttern tr#ns'#rencies!

Ans! Te2ture #n P#ttern tr#ns'#renc/

Te2ture tr#ns'#renc/ can be based on A sam#le libraries ach of the sam#le libraries consists of a

number of te"tures

P#ttern tr#ns'#renc/ can be di+ided into the follo!ing t(#es:

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-a. T!o Color Pattern Trans#arenc(

This t(#e of trans#arenc( casts trans#arenc( on an object !ith t!o coloured raster t(#e

#atterns

-b. 7ull Color Pattern Trans#arenc(

This t(#e of trans#arenc( casts trans#arenc( on an object !ith multi 6 coloured +ector

t(#e #atterns

-c. Bitma# Pattern Trans#arenc(

This t(#e of trans#arenc( casts trans#arenc( on an object !ith Bitma##ed Patterns

& Starting Trans#arenc( and nding Trans#arenc( slider controls the #ercentage of

trans#arenc( a##lied to lighter and dar,er gra(scale colors for selected #atterns

The Te"ture Trans#arenc( t(#e has the Te"ture =ibraries and Te"ture =ist o#tions in the Pro#ert(

bar The slider controls the +arious le+els of trans#arenc( for the lightest and dar,est area of the

te"ture colors

Tr#ns'#renc/ moes

& series of modes can be a##lied to the selected Pattern or Te"ture trans#arenc( from the Pro#ert(

Bar for the trans#arenc( t(#es for setting the trans#arent colors of underl(ing objects

Tr#ns'#renc/ 4ill #n Outlines

Trans#arenc( 7ill and utlines are a##lied to the 7ill' utline or both the #ro#erties of an object &dro# do!n menu gi+es the o#tions &ll' utline and 7ill

Trans#arenc( can be a##lied to an objects outline or fill indi+iduall( or it can be a##lied to both the

#ro#erties

Tr#ns'#renc/ 4ree7e

7ree3e o#tion loc,s the current condition of the +ie! of the underl(ing object The sha#e a##lied

!ith the trans#arenc( can be mo+ed !ithout changing the +ie!

) Write s$ort notes on w#term#r,s5 gr#ients5 te2ture5 #n #c,groun color in Aoe

P$otos$o'!

&ns WAT*"A*;

atermar,s can be used on documents to #ro+ide an effecti+e form of #rotection against

counterfeiting The !atermar, images are in+isible or difficult to +ie! unless held u# to the light orheld at a 4

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To embed a digital !atermar,' (ou must first register !ith Digimarc Cor#oration!hich maintains

a database of artists' designers' and #hotogra#hers and their contact informationto get a uniue

Digimarc ID /ou can then embed the Digimarc ID in (our images' along !ith information such as

the co#(right (ear or a restricted6use identifier b( follo!ing the ste#s mentioned belo!:

*#en the image that (ou !ant to !atermar, /ou can embed onl( one digital !atermar, #er

image The mbed atermar, filter !on1t !or, on an image that has been #re+iousl(!atermar,ed

2If (ou1re !or,ing !ith a la(ered image' (ou should flatten the image before !atermar,ing it

other!ise' the !atermar, !ill affect the acti+e la(er onl(

/ou can add a digital !atermar, to an inde"ed6color image b( first con+erting the image to

>8B mode' embedding the !atermar,' and then con+erting the image bac, to Inde"ed Color

mode Ho!e+er' the results ma( be inconsistent To ma,e sure that the !atermar, !as

embedded' run the >ead atermar, filter

$Choose 7ilter E Digimarc E mbed atermar,

If (ou are using the filter for the first time' clic, the Personali3e button 8et a Digimarc ID b(

clic,ing Info to launch (our !eb bro!ser and +isit the Digimarc !ebsite at !!!digimarccom'

or b( contacting Digimarc at the tele#hone number listed in the dialog bo" nter (our PI@ and

ID number in the Digimarc ID te"t bo"' and clic, F4&fter (ou enter a Digimarc ID' the Personali3e button becomes a Change button' allo!ing

(ou to enter a ne! Digimarc ID

nter a co#(right (ear' transaction ID' or image ID for the image

estricted ;se =imits the use of the image

Do @ot Co#( S#ecifies that the image should not be co#ied

&dult Content =abels the image contents as suitable for adults onl( -ithin Photosho#' this

o#tion does not limit access to adult6onl( images' but future +ersions of other a##lications ma(

limit their dis#la(.

%7or Target ut#ut' s#ecif( !hether the image is intended for monitor' !eb' or #rint dis#la(

7or atermar, Durabilit(' drag the slider or enter a +alue' as described in the ne"t section

ASelect Gerif( to automaticall( assess the !atermar,1s durabilit( after it is embeddedClic, F

.*ADI6TS

8radient is a gradual blend or transition of colors o+er a s#ecified distance

C$oice o& .r#ients

hen (ou choose the 8radient toolfrom the Tool #alette' its #tions bar at the leftsho!s a

gradient s!atch !ith a do!n arro! Clic,ing in this s!atch o#ens the 8radient ditor and

clic,ing the arro! o#ens a gradient #ic,er

To the right of thegradients!atch' (ou can find icons for fi+e gradient t(#es:

Line#r: #lies a continuous gradient o+er a s#ecified distance from starting #oint to end

#oint

*#i#l: The gradient radiates from a center #oint to end #oint

Angle: The gradient radiates cloc,!ise around a center #oint

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*e&lecte: It creates t!o lineargradients on each side of a center #oint

Di#mon:The gradient radiates from a center #oint to form a diamond blend

Custom .r#ients

/ou can ma,e ne! custom gradients using the 8radient ditor and add them to the list To o#en

the 8radient ditor' (ou need to clic, the gradient s!atch

To it .r#ient Color

&t the bottom of the color bar' there are color sto#s1' !hich denotes the end of a solid color

and beginning of a gradient /ou can double clic, the sto#s area to dis#la( the Color Pic,er

The small diamond under the bar mar,s the mid#oint if the transition bet!een t!o blending

colors

To redistribute the relati+e color #ro#ortions of the gradient6 5o+e the mid#oint

To add a color to the gradient6 Clic, under the color bar to add a ne! color sto#

To delete a color from the gradient6 Drag off its color sto#

To it #n 2isting .r#ient

To dit an "isting 8radient' (ou can add' subtract or redistribute colors of an e"isting gradient

b(:

Choosing the 8radient tool and clic,ing the gradient s!atch on the #tions bar to

dis#la( the 8radient ditor

/ou can double clic, the gradient (ou !ant to edit !hich is there on to# of the ditor in

a list

Slide the sto#s to the right or left to adjust the color #ro#ortions and slide the mid#oint

diamonds to adjust the centers of the blend

Create a ne! sto# b( clic,ing under the bar and double clic, the sto# and choose a

color

Clic, F to lea+e the edited gradient in the 8radient ditor

To "#,e # 6oise .r#ient

The noise o#tion adds random colors to a gradient /ou can create a noise gradient b( follo!ing

these ste#s:

Choose @oise o#tion under 8radient T(#e in 8radient ditor

nter a #ercentage to denote the strength of the noise

/ou can choose a color model6 >8B' HSB or =ab

Chec, in the >estrict Colors and &dd Trans#arenc( o#tions to #re+ent o+er saturation

and create a trans#arent gradient

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/ou can #re+ie! +ariations of the effect b( clic,ing the >andomi3e button

A''lic#tion o& .r#ient

/ou can a##l( a gradient b( choosing the 8radient tool' then clic,ing on the image at (our

gradient start #oint and dragging in a s#ecified direction and releasing the mouse at theend#oint

Te#aints an image as single6colored adjacent cells outlined in the foreground

color

Te2turi7er #lies a te"ture (ou select or create to an image

BAC;.*O86D COLO*

Photosho# uses the bac,ground color to ma,e gradient fills and fill in the erased areas of an

image Some s#ecial effects filters along !ith uses Bac,ground colour along !ith 7oregroundcolours to a##l( an effect

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/ou can designate a ne! bac,ground color using the (edro##er tool' the Color #alette' the

S!atches #alette' or the &dobe Color Pic,er

The default bac,ground color is !hite In an al#ha channel the default bac,ground color is

blac,

>) 2'l#in t$e &ollowing in t$e conte2t o& P$otos$o':(#) Aing m#s, to t$e l#/er

() .low e&&ect

Ans! (#)Aing "#s, to t$e L#/ers

5as,ing of la(ers allo!s (ou to control ho! the different areas !ithin a =a(er set !ill be hidden

and re+ealed It also #rotects sections of la(ers from being edited /ou can a##l( a +ariet( of s#ecial

effects to a la(er !ithout actuall( affecting the #i"els on that la(er b( ma,ing changes on the mas,

There are t!o t(#es of mas,s:

L#/er m#s,s6 These are bitma#s images !hich are resolution6 de#endent and are created !ith

the #ainting or selection tools

?ector m#s,s6 These are resolutions6inde#endent and are created !ith #en or sha#e tools

Both the mas,s a##ear as additional thumbnails to the right of the la(er thumbnail

Cre#te #n it L#/er m#s,s

& la(er mas, is essentiall( a gra(scale image Thus the #ainted #ortions that are blac, !ill be

hidden !hile the ones that are !hite !ill be sho!n The gra( shades !ill be sho!n in +arious le+els

of trans#arenc(

/ou can create a la(er mas, b(:

Shift6clic, the la(er mas, thumbnail in the la(ers #alette

Selecting the la(er' choosing L#/er n#le L#/er "#s,

/ou can edit a la(er mas, b(:

Clic,ing the la(er mas, thumbnail in the la(ers #alette to ma,e it acti+e

Selecting an( of the #ainting or editing tools

Do an( of the t!o:

Paint the mas, !ith !hite to subtract from the mas, and re+eal the la(er

Paint the mas, !ith blac, to add to the mas, and hide the la(er

(c) .low e&&ects

8lo! effects can be #ut in Photosho# from a number of o#tions 8lo!ing dges effects from

St(lise grou# and @eon 8lo! effects from &rtistic grou# can be #ut from 7ilter menu Inner and

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uter glo!s can be #ut to a selected la(er from the =a(er st(le !indo! !hich !e can get !hen !e

double clic, on the =a(er Thumbnail from =a(er #alette

.lowing ges: This effect can be #ut on a la(er from the St(li3e grou# of 7ilter menu It #uts

glo! on the edges of the image of a #articular la(er

dge idth@controls the !idth of the glo!ing edges

dge Brightness@controls the brightness of the glo!ing edges

Smoothness@smoothens the edges of the image

6eon .low: This effect can be #ut on a la(er from the &rtistic grou# of 7ilter menu It #uts glo! of

selected colour o+er the image

8lo! si3e J controls the si3e of glo!

8lo! brightness J controls the si3e of glo!

8lo! colour 6 sets the colour of glo!

Outer .low #n inner glow: It adds a glo! that radiates from the outside or inside edges of the

la(er1s content hile outer glo! creates a halo around the outside edge' the inner glo! creates it

from the inside of the la(er1s content De#ending on the settings' the glo! can be hard or soft

edged

#acit( J Controls the o#acit( of the glo!

@oise J 5a,es the glo! nois( or dotted and rough

S#read J Increases the area of 8lo!

Si3e J Softens the edges of the 8lo!

e can further tune the glo! !ith the Contour' >ange' Kitter and anti6alias

) Hig$lig$ting t$e &e#tures o& Tool Bo2 in CorelDr#w!

Ans! T$e 4e#tures o& Tool Bo2 in Corel Dr#w!

The Tool Bo" gi+es access to most of the actions in Corel D>& 7l(outs o#en to dis#la( a set of

related CorelD>& tools & small arro! in the bottom' right corner of a toolbo" button indicates a

fl(out: for e"am#le' the S$#'e eitfl(out Clic,ing a fl(out arro! o#ens a set of related tools Clic,ing

and dragging the grab handles at the end of the fl(out sets the fl(out in its e"#anded form

The follo!ing table #ro+ides descri#tions of the +arious fl(outs a+ailable in the CorelD>& toolbo"

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4l/out Descri'tion

Sha#e edit =ets (ou access the S$#'e'Smuge rus$'*oug$en rus$' and 4ree tr#ns&ormtools

Cro# tool =ets (ou access the Cro'' ;ni&e' r#ser' and ?irtu#l segment eletetools

?oom =ets (ou access the oomand H#ntoolsCur+e =ets (ou access the4ree$#n' B7ier' Artistic mei#' Pen' Pol/line' + 'oint cur3e'

Inter#cti3e connector' and Dimension toolsSmart tools =ets (ou access the Sm#rt &illand Sm#rt r#wingtools

>ectangle =ets (ou access the *ect#ngleand + 'oint rect#ngletools

lli#se =ets (ou access the lli'seand + 'oint elli'se tools

bject =ets (ou access the Pol/gon' St#r' Com'le2 St#r' .r#'$ '#'er'and S'ir#ltools

Perfect Sha#es =ets (ou access the B#sic s$#'es' Arrow s$#'es' 4lowc$#rt s$#'es' B#nner s$#'es'

and C#llout s$#'estools

Interacti+e tools =ets (ou access the Inter#cti3e len' Inter#cti3e contour' Inter#cti3e istortion'Inter#cti3e ro' s$#ow5 Inter#cti3e en3elo'e' Inter#cti3e e2true' andInter#cti3e

tr#ns'#renc/tools

(edro##er =ets (ou access the /ero''erand P#intuc,ettools

utline =ets (ou access the Outline 'enand Outline colordialogbo"es' a selection of outlinesof +arious !idths' and the Color doc,er

7ill =ets (ou access the 4illcolor' 4ount#in &ill' P#ttern &ill' Te2ture &ill' and PostScri't &ill

dialogbo"es' and the Color doc,er

Interacti+e fill =ets (ou access Inter#cti3e &illandInter#cti3e mes$ &illtools

) W$#t is # itm#' #n gr#/sc#le moe in P$otos$o'

Ans! Bl#c, #n W$ite (Bitm#') "oe

Bitma# mode images are the sim#lest form of true blac, and !hite gra#hic image The( contain

onl( t!o t(#es of #i"els' blac, or !hite These can be used to create line art and digital halftonesBitma# images contain onl( * bit of information #er #i"el' allo!ing their file si3es to be smaller

than gra(scale or color images The o#tions a+ailable in the bitma# dialog bo" are:

Out'ut: This o#tion allo!s (ou to set the resolution of a blac, and !hite file /ou can increase this

+alue to match (our #rinter1s resolution The recommended out#ut +alue is 200 to 2

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&ns! C$#r#cter 4orm#tting i#log o2contains the follo!ing o#tions:

4ont List Bo2J This contains +arious t(#es of fonts True T(#e and Post T(#e I fonts can be

differentiated b( their icons True T(#e ha+e a TT icon and T(#e I fonts ha+e TI Icon

CorelD>& also su##orts #en T(#e fonts indicated !ith a letter

4ont St/le List o2J This contains +arious st(les of font li,e @ormal' @ormal J Italic' Boldand Bold 6 Italic

Si7e o'tion6 The Si7esare set in #oints -*LA2 of an inch. 5inimum +alue can be 00* #oints

and ma"imum +alue can $000 #oints

8nerline uttonJ This is used to a##l( ;nderlines to te"t

Alignment List o2: This contains +arious alignment o#tions li,e @one' =eft' Center' >ight'

7ull Kustif( and 7orce Kustif(

*#nge ;erning List Bo2 @ *#nge ;erningis used for the s#acing in bet!een t!o characters

The s#acing bet!een t!o characters can be tightened or loosened Select the character that

needs to be adjusted b( either the Te"t Tool or Sha#e Tool but ne+er b( the Pic, Tool

C$#r#cter &&ects o'tions 6 Selected characters can ha+e +arious t(#es of &&ects li,e

;nderline' Stri,ethrough' +er6line' ;##ercase and Position a+ailable in the doc,er ;nderline

has o#tions li,e @one' Single 6 Thin' Single J Thin !ord' Single 6 Thic,' Single 6 Thic, !ord'

Double J Thin' Double 6 Thin !ord and dit -used for customi3ing underline. Stri,e6through

has o#tions li,e @one' Single 6 Thin' Single J Thin !ord' Single 6 Thic,' Single 6 Thic, !ord'

Double J Thin' Double 6 Thin !ord and dit -used for customi3ing underline. +er6line'

!hich is used to gi+e line abo+e te"t has o#tions li,e @one' Single 6 Thin' Single J Thin !ord'

Single 6 Thic,' Single 6 Thic, !ord' Double J Thin' Double 6 Thin !ord and dit -used forcustomi3ing underline. ;##ercase has t!o o#tions6 All C#'sand Sm#ll C#'s-ca#ital letters

in small si3e. for ca#ital letter o#tion Position is #lacing a character abo+e the baseline or

under the base line' !hich is familiarl( ,no!n as su'erscri't and suscri't!

C$#r#cter S$i&t o'tions - S$i&tsetting of a character can be done b( the character shift o#tion

Characters can be rotated b( Angleshift' and change their #osition b( Hori7ont#l or ?ertic#l

shift

11) Discuss #n/ &i3e &e#tures o& CorelDr#w! Discuss #n/ T$ree B#sic Dr#wing Tools in

CorelDr#w!

Ans! The follo!ing are the < features of Corel Dra!:

1! Corel Dra! is Gector 8ra#hic Soft!are' !hich hel#s us to dra! Gector

8ra#hic objects' ie objects' !hich are resolution inde#endent Here !e can do gra#hic designing

and des,to# #ublishing jobs +er( nicel( and #rofessionall( as !e get a +ariet( of dra!ing tools andcolour' #attern and te"ture filling tools

%! It also gi+es us +arious te"t editing and formatting o#tions e can

!rite te"t in t!o !a(s J artistic and #aragra#hic e can !rite te"ts on a #ath e can get a

statistics of te"t that !e ha+e !ritten in a document

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+! Here !e can also !or, !ith bitma# or raster images e can do

+arious image adjustments li,e colour' brightness and contrast change' etc e can create mas,ed

images

0! e can im#ort a +ariet( of image and te"t file formats e can also

e"#ort in a +ariet( of file formats e can create #df' s!f and htm files' !hich can be used for !eb#ur#ose

9! e can #ut +arious s#ecial effects to the objects !e ma,e li,e Blend'"trusion' Contour' =ens effect' etc

T$e t$ree #sic Dr#wing tools in Corel Dr#w #re t$e &ollowing:

#! Be7ier tool - Be3ier Tool dra!s one segment at a time b( adding nodes Be3ier lines or cur+es

ha+e a number of nodes or control #oints B( dragging these #oints can dra! an( sha#e It creates

#aths b( clic,ing or clic, dragging But the( dra! the #aths in slightl( different !a(

* Select Be3ier Tool or Pen Tool and clic, once to set the first node #osition of the #ath Clic,

again on some other #osition for the second node of the #ath & straight line joins the nodes

2 Continue dragging the cursor in an( direction and as the mouse is clic,ed' a ne! node #ositionis selected &n( number of nodes can be #laced on a line or a cur+e

$ Be3ier tool has t!o cur+e handles joined b( a dotted line The #oint !hich is dragged is one of

the handles The further the cur+e handle of the node is dragged' the more it becomes #rominent

4 ith the Pen Tool' a #re+ie! of the ne"t cur+e is +isible as the cursor is mo+ed The cursor

remains acti+e till the ne"t node is defined Double clic,ing the mouse !ill define the last node

ectangle Tool -7%. & >ectangle Tool has

another o#tion !ith !hich a round corner rectangle can be dra!n

The #ro#erties of rectangles and elli#ses maintain their basic sha#es e+en after changing their

#ro#erties eg the corners of the rectangle can be rounded and it can be easil( shar#ened again to its

original sha#e

How to r#w # rect#ngle

Choose the >ectangle Tool from the Tool Bo" and drag o+er the #age in an( direction defining the

t!o6corner #osition hen the >ectangle Tool is selected the cursor changes into a cross hair along

!ith a rectangle sha#e hen (ou are dra!ing a rectangle the Pro#ert( Bar and the Status Bar

sho!s the co6ordination of height and !idth of the rectangle & rectangle has nodes at each corner;sing the Sha#e Tool and shifting the nodes at the corners of the rectangle can round a rectangle

The shar#ness of the corner !ill become round or (ou can #ut the +alues in the +alue bo" in the

Pro#ert( Bar

The Sha#e Tool can round all corners at the same time The #ercentage of the roundness is bet!een

0 to *00 ) The corner roundness can be changed an(time #ro+ided the rectangle is not con+erted

to cur+es

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c!Pol/gon tool - Pol(gon is a closed figure !ith three or more sides The minimum sides of a

#ol(gon are three and it ma( increase to fi+e hundred #oints or sides hen the Pol(gon Tool is

selected' the Pro#ert( Bar sho!s the o#tion' !here (ou can #ut an( number of sides for the #ol(gon

before (ou start the dra!ing

How to r#w Pol/gon

Dra!ing a #ol(gon is as eas( as dra!ing a rectangle or an elli#se CorelD>& M$ lets (ou dra!Pol(gons

* Clic, on the Pol/gon Tooland clic, and drag on the document #age S#ecific number for the

sides can be #ut in the o#tion of the Pro#ert( Bar before starting the dra!ing

1%) Write s$ort notes on t$e &ollowing in t$e conte2t o& CorelDr#w:

(#) OFect Loc,ing

() Outline Tool

Ans!(#) OFect Loc,ing #n 8nloc,ing

=i,e grou#ing and ungrou#ing CorelD>& offers loc,ing and unloc,ing objects through Loc,ing

Comm#ns!The loc,ed object can be +ie!ed' #rinted or selected but cannot be mo+ed' edited or

changed

There are three o#tions in loc,ing command6 Loc,5 8nloc, and8nloc, All To loc, an object'

select Arr#nge Loc, OFects &lternati+el( (ou can choose the same o#tion b( right clic,ing on

the object

The object is loc,ed in t!o !a(s

B( +isuall( dis#la(ing loc, handles around the object

Status Bar sho!s the term loc,ed1 to the object

To unloc, a loc,ed object choose Arr#nge 8nloc, OFects5 and to unloc, all the objects choose

Arr#nge 8nloc, All!

()Outline tool

Outline Pen Tool Bo2 4l/ out menu

The 7l( out menu !ill be a+ailable !hen the utline Pen Tool is clic,ed from the Tool Bar It has

se+en #reset outline !idth #oint +alues' !hich can be a##lied to the outline of a #ath ther o#tions

of this 7l( out menu are utline Pen Dialog' utline Color Dialog and Color Doc,er

@o outline means' the outline #ro#ert( is eliminated The outline can be from half #oint to 24

#oints' among !hich N #oint is medium' *% #oint is medium thic, and 24 #oint is thic, outlines

Outline Pen Di#log

This dialog is a+ailable from the fl( out menu -or #ress 7*2. It contains Pro#ert( Bar1 o#tions

along !ith man( other o#tions

#tion for gi+ing color to the outline' si3e of !idth' creating and editing arro!heads' outline st(les'

setting nib sha#e and transformation beha+ior are a+ailable from this dialog

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Setting t$e Color &or t$e Outline-7rom the Pen Color Selector' an( color can be chosen and

a##lied to the outline Clic, on the outline color o#tion in the dialog bo" The Color #alette !ill

a##ear' !ith others1 !ritten at the bottom Clic, on the button to a+ail the main color dialog In this

dialog there are three tabs6 5odels' 5i"ers and Palette There is huge number of o#tions to a##l(

an( color to the outline

Outline St/les-utline St(le offers more than 2N different +ariations li,e dashed or dotted line#atterns hen a st(le is a##lied it changes the entire outlines of that st(le

Arrow$e#scan be set to outline @e! &rro!heads can be created also b( dra!ing a ne!

sha#e in st(le 7or this use the dit &rro!head dialog bo" from Tools Cre#te Arrow

Corner S$#'es-utline Pen dialog has o#tions to set the corner #ath & corner is created !ith

t!o #aths joined b( a single node The corners can be set in three o#tions >ound' 5iter or Suare

-b( default.

Line C#' S$#'e-=ine ca# sha#e controls the end#oints of a #ath There are three t(#es of =ine

ca#s6Suare -b( default.' >ound or "tended

C#lligr#'$ic-Calligra#hic means dra!ing !ith chisel #ointed in, #en held at a fi"ed angleThis o#tion is dis#la(ed b( a Pen1s @ib sha#e There are Stretch and &ngle +alues' both of !hich

!or, together to gi+e a desired effect

Sc#le wit$ Im#ge-This o#tion allo!s the outline !idth to increase or decrease as the object

changes si3e B( default Scale !ith Image is not selected

Be$in 4ill-The outline is dis#la(ed behind the object' !hen the behind fill1 o#tion is used

B( default this o#tion is not selected

1+) 2'l#in t$e new oFect $#nling c#'#ilities in et#il!

&ns The ne! object handling ca#abilities in Corel *0 are =oc,' ;nloc,' ;nloc, all and Con+ertutline to bject o#tions

=oc, : this o#tion loc,s the selected object The loc,ed object can be +ie!ed' #rinted or selected

but cannot be mo+ed' edited or transformed

;nloc, : This o#tion unloc,s the selected object

;nloc, all: This o#tion allo!s us to unloc, all loc,ed objects

Con+ert utline to bject: This o#tion con+erts an outline into an object This allo!s us to a##l( an

effect on to it e can also #ut outline to the object

10) How c#n we r#w r#wings using gris #n rulers

Ans!8rids and >ulers are +er( useful hel#ing measuring units to ma,e dra!ings or designs in a

gra#hic soft!are

.ri

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The 8rid hel#s in aligning objects +erticall( and hori3ontall( to a s#ecific #osition of the #age It is

a +isual reference li,e a 8ra#h #a#er CorelD>& has Sna# to 8rid #tion for uic, alignment

7or o#ening 8rid' choose?iew .ri and (ou can see the +ertical and hori3ontal reference lines

across the entire document !indo! These lines are +isible to hel# in object alignment but are

neither #rinted nor e"#orted &ccording to different reuirements these gridline s#acing can be

changed

*uler

>uler #ro+ides the most basic information about the si3e' #osition and other measurements of the

#age and also the objects dra!n on it To ma,e a ruler +isible' choose ?iew *uler! >ulers can

judge object si3es or s#aces and the( a##ear as +ertical or hori3ontal indicators at the to# and left of

the document The >uler has three basic com#onents 6 the Gertical ruler indicating the / +alue'

!hich dis#la(s the +ertical #age #osition or height of an object @e"t comes the Hori3ontal ruler

indicating M +alue' dis#la(ing the hori3ontal #age #osition or the !idth of an object The third

com#onent is the >uler rigin !here the t!o rulers meet and re#resent the 0 -3ero. #age #osition

This is the beginning of all measurements

Setting the >uler rigin

Hold the cursor o+er the small button !here the t!o rulers intersect It is the 3ero #osition

Drag the intersecting #oint to a ne! location b( the Clic,@r#g #ction!This #oint becomes the

ne! intersection #oint or 3ero #oint

To reset the >uler rigin to its default #osition' double clic, the ruler origin button

Ho! to set ;nit 5easures

The incremental mar,ings in the ruler are the ;nit of 5easurement The Pro#ert( Bar sets the

actual measurement for the unit Dra!ing ;nits control the units for ruler as !ell as for other areas

of CorelD>&' li,e dimensions of an object' #age si3e etc This measurement can be set to an(

t(#e of measurement s(stem including standard' metric' s#ecific #rinters1 measure and fe!

s#eciali3ed measurement as sho!n in the image

19) W$#t #re t$e i&&erent t/'es o& &ile s#3e o'tions #3#il#le in CorelDr#w 2'l#in t$e

result o& e#c$ o'tion use!

Ans! T$e &ollowing #re t$e 3#rious s#3ing o'tions #3#il#le in Corel Dr#w:

1! S#3ing # new ocument or #n e2isting ocument (4ile !! S#3e)

4ile S#3e -Ctrl 9 S. or

-a. Clic, the Sa+e button in the Standard Toolbar

%! S#3ing #n e2isting ocument wit$ # new n#me or in # new &orm#t (4ile !! S#3e #s)

-b. 4ile S#3e As -Ctrl 9 Shift 9 S.

$ Auto S#3e o'tion - This o#tion is used to sa+e the file automaticall( after s#ecified time

duration Its settings can be accessed from #tions Dialog Bo" -Ctrl 9 K. Ste#s:

i Ctrl 9 K #tions Dialog Bo" a##ears

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ii Chec, on &uto bac,u# and set the time duration of auto sa+e 5inimum

+alue is @e+er and 5a"imum is %0 minutes

iii Select !hether (ou !ant the bac, u# to ;ser1s tem#orar( folder or to a

S#ecific folder

0! "#,e # B#c,-u' on s#3ing t$e &ile

If 5a,e bac, u# on sa+e o#tion is chec,ed on from the #tion Dialog Bo" then a Bac, u# file

is made e+er( time the file is sa+ed

1) Write t$e ste's to cre#te #n s#3e /our own custom outline st/le!

Ans! Custom utline st(le can be created b( follo!ing the ste#s mentioned belo!:

1! Clic, on utline tool & 7l(6out menu a##ears Select utline Pen

dialog bo"

%! Clic, on dit st(le button

+! dit St(le dialog bo" a##ears !ith a slider and a series of bo"es !ith

ruler Drag the slider to increase the ga#s bet!een dots Clic, on a

series of bo"es from the left to increase the !idth of dots Clic, on dots

lea+ing a fe! bo"es +acant to #ut dots bet!een dashes

0! hen designing is o+er clic, on &DD The ne! utline St(le !ill be

added to the list of utline St(le

1>) 2'l#in #out t$e te2ture #n '#ttern tr#ns'#rencies!

Ans! Te2ture #n P#ttern tr#ns'#renc/

Te2ture tr#ns'#renc/ can be based on A sam#le libraries ach of the sam#le libraries consists of a

number of te"tures

P#ttern tr#ns'#renc/ can be di+ided into the follo!ing t(#es:

-a. T!o Color Pattern Trans#arenc(

This t(#e of trans#arenc( casts trans#arenc( on an object !ith t!o coloured raster t(#e

#atterns

-b. 7ull Color Pattern Trans#arenc(

This t(#e of trans#arenc( casts trans#arenc( on an object !ith multi 6 coloured +ector

t(#e #atterns

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-c. Bitma# Pattern Trans#arenc(

This t(#e of trans#arenc( casts trans#arenc( on an object !ith Bitma##ed Patterns

& Starting Trans#arenc( and nding Trans#arenc( slider controls the #ercentage of

trans#arenc( a##lied to lighter and dar,er gra(scale colors for selected #atterns

The Te"ture Trans#arenc( t(#e has the Te"ture =ibraries and Te"ture =ist o#tions in the Pro#ert(

bar The slider controls the +arious le+els of trans#arenc( for the lightest and dar,est area of the

te"ture colors

Tr#ns'#renc/ moes

& series of modes can be a##lied to the selected Pattern or Te"ture trans#arenc( from the Pro#ert(

Bar for the trans#arenc( t(#es for setting the trans#arent colors of underl(ing objects

6orm#l @ This is the default mode The !hite colored areas are o#aue and blac, colored areas

become trans#arent The gra(scale +alues are e+enl( set bet!een 0 to *00 #ercent

AJ &dd or &dditi+e mode often results in brightening the trans#arenc( of the object in the #lace

it o+erla#s the other object

Sutr#ct @ This mode is o##osite of &dd mode It creates trans#arenc( b( adding all color +alues

and subtracting 2

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Lig$tness @ This mode causes the trans#arenc( b( com#aring the hue and saturation of the original

object1s gra(scale color +alue' to the lightness of the original object

In3ert @ The In+ert merge mode trans#arenc( color is based on @ormal mode but uses the

gra(scale +alue of the o##osite side of the !heel If the gra(scale +alue is *2A it is the center of the

color !heel and the object remains o#aue

An5 Or #n

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Cro##ing can also remo+e the damaged #ortion of a scanned old image' !hich ma( ha+e got

damaged at the edges

Thus !e can ualif( an image considerabl(' add a ne! dimension to the image and restore the

image through careful cro##ing

1) W$#t $#''ens i& I m#,e # numer o& tr#ns&orm#tions G t$en c$#nge m/ min #outt$em l#ter

Ans! T$e Histor/ P#lette

hen (ou are !or,ing on an image' the Histor( Palette records each significant o#eration and adds

it to a list /ou can access the Histor( #alette b( choosing Winow Histor/ ach item in the

list' called State' re#resents a ste# ta,en b( (ou in !or,ing on the image The oldest o#erations

a##ear at the to# of the list !ith the most recent ones at the bottom /ou can clic, on an( state to

undo all o#erations after that state to ins#ect that +er( ste# in details To redo all the o#erations' (ou

can choose it 8no St#te C$#nge

Some of the other things that (ou can do are:

C$#nging t$e numer o& unos: B( default' onl( last 20 o#erations can be found in the Histor(

Palette1s list /our 2*sto#eration deletes the first o#eration from the list But (ou can increase the

number of states to as much as *000 that the Histor( #alette can hold /ou can do this b( choosing

it Pre&erences .ener#l or b( #ressing Ctrl9F to dis#la( the Preferences dialog bo" /ou

can then t(#e (our #referred number of undoable o#erations in the Histor( States o#tion bo"

8none St#tes:/ou can redo an( undone ste# b( clic,ing it Thereafter' if (ou #erform a ne!

o#eration' all the undone states -a##ear dimmed. disa##ear /ou can ho!e+er' bring them bac, just

once b( #ressing Ctrl9?

Wor,ing wit$ nonse=uenti#l st#tes: /ou can sa+e undone states from dro##ing off the list u#on

#erforming a ne! o#eration b( choosing the Histor( #tions command in the #alette menu and

then selecting the &llo! @on6=inear Histor( o#tion

Ste''ing t$roug$ st#tes: /ou can ste# bac, -undo. through states b( #ressing Ctrl9&lt9? and (ou

can ste# for!ard -redo. through ste#s b( #ressing Ctrl9Shift9?

4l/ing t$roug$ st#tes:/ou can ra#idl( mo+e u# and do!n the list b( clic,ing and dragging the

right6#ointing acti+e ma,er /ou can see the a##arent changes in the screen image

T#,ing # sn#'s$ot: /ou can set an( set aside and #re+ent it from falling off b( choosing @e!

Sna#shot or b( clic,ing the ne! camera icon at the bottom of the Histor( #alette /ou can rename a

sna#shot b( double clic,ing its name at the to# of the Histor( #alette /ou can store as man(

sna#shots as (ou !ant de#ending on (our com#uter1s >&5

Cre#ting # sn#'s$ot u'on s#3ing t$e im#ge: /ou can choose the &utomaticall( Create @e!

Sna#shot hen Sa+ing o#tion from the Histor( #tions dialog bo" to create a ne! sna#shot e+er(

time (ou are sa+ing (our image

S#3ing t$e st#te 'erm#nentl/: Sna#shots last as long as (ou are !or,ing in the current session

But (ou can sa+e a state #ermanentl( b( choosing the @e! Document command from the Histor(

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Palette menu or clic,ing the leftmost icon at the bottom of the Histor( #alette This allo!s

Photosho# to du#licate the state to a ne! image !indo!' !hich can then be sa+ed in the format of

(our choice

Setting t$e source:/ou can clic, to the left of a state to ma,e it the source state n clic,ing' (ou

can see the Histor( Brush icon /ou can #ress Ctrl9&lt9Bac,s#ace to fill a selection !ith the source

state

Tr#s$ing St#tes: /ou can delete an( state b( dragging the state to the trash icon at the button of the

#alette hen (ou chec, in the &llo! @on =inear Histor( o#tions' clic,ing the trash icon allo!s

(ou to delete just the acti+e state

T$e Histor/ Brus$ Tool #n t$e Art Histor/ Brus$ Tool

/ou can select Histor( Brush tool from the tool bar or b( #ressing / Clic,ing and dragging !ith

this tool allo!s (ou to selecti+el( re+ert to the source state that (ou !ish to target in the Histor(

#alette ;sing the #acit( setting in the #tions bar' the translucenc( of (our stro,es +ar( Thus'

the Histor( brush allo!s (ou to #aint to an( #oint in time

The &rt Histor( Brush tool lets (ou create im#ressionistic effects !ith the aid of the Histor( #alette

/ou can select this tool from the tool bar' !hich remains in the fl( out menu of the Histor( Brush

tool or b( #ressing /

%E) T$e color 'ic,er $#s too m#n/ uttons G numers in it W$ic$ ones s$oul I use i& I w#nt

to c$#nge colors .i3e e2#m'le!

Ans! Color Pic,er

Color Pic,er dialog bo" can be seen !hen (ou clic, the foreground or the bac,ground color icon in

the toolbo" or the color #alette To change the colour !e reuire the follo!ing o#tions:

Color Slier: /ou can clic, and drag u# or do!n either of the slider triangles to select a color from

a #articular N6bit range /ou can select an( of the o#tions from H -Hue' the default settings.' S

-Saturation.' B -Brightness.' > ->ed.' 8 -8reen.' B -Blue. to corres#ond to the colors re#resented

inside the slider

Color &iel: The color field is used to dis#la( a *%6bit range of +ariations on the current color slider

/ou can select a ne! color b( clic,ing inside it and mo+ing the color selection mar,er

Slider dis#la(s 2

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the color -as the closest C5/F eui+alent. in the #rintable range &lternati+el(' (ou can #ress

Ctrl9 Shift9 / or choose ?iew .#mut w#rning

We Colors: This o#tion limits (our choice to 2*% colors in the color field that can be re#roduced

in a !eb bro!ser' as the( are !eb6safe colors

He2#ecim#l coe te2t o2:e can use this bo" to t(#e in the code of a #articular colour so as toselect that colour

%1) 4in # '$oto t$#t is too lig$t #n too &u77/! A''l/ t$e S$#'en tool #n t$e Doge5 Burn G

S#tur#te Tools #s neee until /ou $#3e &i2e it! 6ow o t$e s#me wit$ # '$oto t$#ts too

#r,! W$ic$ w#s e#sier to #Fust

Ans!Both !ere almost same in terms of adjustment But the dar, #icture got adjusted easil(

com#arati+el( since the brightness !as less The Dodge tool !or,ed !ell on the dar, #icture Itreduced the dar,ness of the #icture The Burn and Saturate tool or S#onge tool in Saturate mode

!or,ed !ell on the light #icture It increased the richness and brightness of the colour

%%) I trie im'orting # uiling into #not$er '$oto5 ut it Fust oesnt loo, rig$t! W$/ not2'l#in!

Ans!=et us assume that !e ha+e deleted the bac,ground the bac,ground of the building !ith

Pol(gonal =asso tool using * feather +alue -so that the edge does not loo, shar#. Still both the

#ictures ma( not match due to the +ariation of hue' brightness' contrast and saturation in the t!o

#ictures e can match the colour scheme' brightness' contrast and saturation of both the images

using 5atch Colour o#tion of &djustment from Image menu e can match the building !ith the

bac,ground through the follo!ing ste#s:

1! Select the la(er containing building image

%! 8o to Image menu+! Select &djustment

0! Select 5atch Colour o#tion9! Select the Source file -the file containing both the building and

bac,ground.

! Select the la(er containing bac,ground image -la(er 0. and clic, on

,

This !a( !e can ha+e a #erfect mi"ing of both the images

%+) 6#me i&&erent Blening moes in P$otos$o'! 2'l#in #n/ two!

Ans!Photosho# offers us a total of 2$ blend modes The( are: 6

1! 6orm#l

%! Dissol3e

+! D#r,en

0! "ulti'l/

9! Color Burn

! Line#r Burn

>! Lig$ten

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! Screen

! Color Doge

1E! Line#r Doge

11! O3erl#/

1%! So&t Lig$t

1+! H#r Lig$t

10! ?i3i Lig$t

19! Line#r Lig$t

1! Pin Lig$t

1>! H#r "i2

1! Di&&erence

1! 2clusion

%E! Hue

%1! S#tur#tion

%%! Color

%+! Luminosit/

Dissol3e

This blend mode acts on feathered and softened edges Hence' it cannot #ronounce an( effect on the

acti+e la(er' !hich is entirel( o#aue !ith hard edges The blending effect of Dissol+e mode is due

to dithering of #i"els Ho!e+er' it does not dither #i"els in dro# shado!

H#r "i2

This blend mode goes on to combine #i"els in (our la(ers using Gi+id =ight and then #erforms a

color threshold o#eration on them Hard mi" actuall( mi"es t!o la(ers and ma,es the colors to

become absolute e"treme Thus' (ou get onl( eight colors: red' green' blue' c(an' magenta' (ello!'

blac, and !hite Therefore' Hard 5i"ed #i"els gi+e (our image a Posteri3ed loo,

%0) Discuss t$e 'rinting #n 'ulis$ing tools in CorelDr#w!

Ans! CorelD>& has a #o!erful and so#histicated #rint re#roduction than an( other gra#hic

a##lication CorelD>& has organi3ed se+eral ,e( areas for setting #rinter hard!are #arameters'

#re+ie!ing the #rint selection and using the Print Command to #roduce #rinted out#ut

How to Print # Sim'le Document

#en a document for #rinting and go to 4ile Print or #ress the Print button in the Standard Tool

Bar' and the Print dialog bo" o#ens

In the 8eneral Tab' enter the t(#e of #rinter in the @ame bo" and set the #ro#erties needed for the

document such as #age si3e' orientation etc

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Choose the document or #age to be #rinted from the Print >ange o#tion and #ut the number in the

@umber of Co#ies to be #rinted Clic, Print to start the Print action

Print Pre+ie! Button sho!s the #re+ie! of the document to be #rinted and ho! it !ill loo, at current

setting

There are three main o#tions in the Print dialog one is Destination !hich sho!s the name' t(#e' statusof #rinter Second is the Print >ange o#tion consisting Current Document' Documents' Current Page'

Selection' Pages o#tion !hich allo!s to #rint odd or e+en #ages B( default both odd and e+en #ages

are #rinted Third o#tion is the Co#ies o#tion !here number of co#ies can be set If Collate is selected'

a gra#hic re#resentation a##ears !hich indicates the effect of Collating

Print St/les

Print st(les sa+e all the selected o#tions in the Print dialog in sa+ed file for Print St(le If the Print

St(les are alread( sa+ed as a st(le' it !ill be a+ailable in the Print St(le dro# do!n menu on the 8eneral

Tab of Print Choose .ener#l S#3e As S#3e Setting As Settings to include

&ll Print St(les are sa+ed in the folder named Print St(les are located at CorelL8ra#hicsM$L;ser

Custom DataLPrint St(les

Print to 4ile

Print file is a te"t document !hich has the entire #rinted #age including the font used and #rinter o#tion

selected Print files are sa+ed files and are #ortable and also it can be do!nloaded to a com#atible

#rinting de+ice from a local or a remote s(stem

L#/out O'tion

=a(out o#tion hel#s in setting the #age la(out for #rinting There are o#tions li,e Im#ge Position #n

Si7e!here the default setting is

As in ocument ther t!o settings are

4it to '#ge!here the image can be scaled to fit to the #rintable area

*e'osition im#ges too#tion is selected !hen #rinting image has to be #ositioned according to the

reuirement 5an( #ositions are a+ailable from the dro# do!n menu of >e#osition and Center of #age

is the default #osition Images can be aligned to the to#' left' right and bottom corners of the #rinting

#age

Settings &or P#ge 1'is the o#tion !here the Position' Si3e' Scale factor can be changed from the default

setting This o#tion allo!s re6#ositioning indi+idual #ages b( entering the #age number in the Page

Setting o#tion ;nloc,ing the hori3ontalL+ertical loc, !ill hel# in setting hori3ontal and +ertical scale

se#aratel( for non6#ro#ortional scaling

Print tile '#gesare useful to #rint a large si3e dra!ing' !hich is bigger than the #a#er for the #rinter

hen this feature is used' CorelD>& tiles the dra!ing and these tiles can be #rinted and assembled to

get the full document hen this o#tion is on' the O of Tiles o#tion becomes acti+e

J o& Tiles o#tion allo!s #rinting each document in +ertical or hori3ontal tiles u# to 24 #ortions

Tiling "#r,so#tion creates cro# mar,s around the tiles to re6align tiles during assembling them

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Tile O3erl#'adds an e"tra #ortion around each tile so that it is easier to align them +erla# is set

from 0 to 2*2< inches

Percent#ge o& P#ge Wit$s#ecifies the o+erla##ing of tile in #ercentage bet!een 0 to 2< #ercent

Blee Limit#ro+ides access to a #ortion of the area surrounding the document #age The default

Bleed =imit is 0*2< inches and it has a range from 0 to 40 inches hen certain object o+erla#sthe #age border of the document' this o#tion lets the #age' #rint a #ortion outside the #age limit

Se'#r#tion O'tion

Se#aration tab is reuired for eb #ress' offset #ress or sil, screen re#roduction' all of !hich reuires

single film or #rinting #lates for each in, color There are +arious o#tions a+ailable in this tab

Con3ert S'ot colors to Process o#tion con+erts non C5/F colored objects to #rocess color !hen

#rinted

Print se'#r#tion in color is a+ailable for color #rinter and is often used for #rinting #roofs and

chec,ing color accurac(

He2#c$rome 'l#tes are e"#ensi+e color #rinting offering high ualit( #rinting !ith color accurac(

Print em't/ 'l#teso#tion !hen not selected a+oids #rinting blan, #ages To include blan, #ages

acti+ate this o#tion

Colors' order' freuenc(' angle and o+er#rint are a+ailable as o#tions at the bottom of the dialog bo"

sho!s ho! each in, color is set to #rint' !ith its reference' color name and seuence order' freuenc(

and o+er#rint for #rinting #ur#ose To change an( o#tion' change the +alue or enter a ne! +alue

Tr#''ing o#tion is used to a+oid #rinting inaccuracies b( s#reading or o+er#rinting #ortions of colored

objects +er#rint causes one in, color to #rint o+er another and results in t!o la(ers of in,

Preser3e Document O3er'rintlets the o+er#rint o#tion a##lied directl( to the object

Alw#/s O3er'rint Bl#c, lets the o+er#rint o#tion a##lied directl( to the object

Auto s're#ing automaticall( creates an o+er#rinting outline of identical in, colors around the

object !here the( o+erla# !ith other in, colors

In *IP Tr#''ing stands for >aster Image Processor' !hich refers to the internal soft!are !ith certain

high6end image setters ith this o#tion the !hole tra##ing #rocess becomes faster and efficient

This o#tion is a+ailable onl( !hen the #rinter has PostScri#t com#atibilit(

Pre'ress Setting T#

Pre#ress tab sho!s all o#tions controlling the #roduction of #rinting material and #ro+iding their

information Pre#ress means #rocess of #re#aring film for +arious #rinting #rocesses

P#'erK4ilm settings s#ecifies negati+e or #ositi+e #rinting In+ert o#tion causes the out#ut to #rint

in re+erse and 5irror o#tion #rints the image bac,!ard

4ile In&orm#tion hel#s to identif( each #rinted sheet

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Co'/K4ol "#r,s hel#s to locate the document1s #age corner

*egistr#tion "#r,s #n St/les aligns se#aration out#ut after #rinting

C#lir#tion B#rs #n Densitometer Sc#les includes color calibration !hich is useful for

e+aluating color densit( and densitometer scales outside the #age boundaries of the #rinted

materialPostScri't O'tion

PostScri#t Tab is onl( a+ailable !hen the #rinter is com#atible !ith PostScri#t #tions li,e

Com#atibilit(' Conform to DSC' Bitma#s' 5aintain PI are fe! of them !hich onl( controls selected

PostScri#t #rinters that uses a s#ecific t(#e of #age descri#tions

"isc T# &or Printing

5isc-miscellaneous. tab has a mi"ture of o#tions >anging from color #rofile and #roofing to bitma#

handling

A''l/ ICC Pro&ile is a+ailable onl( for color #rinter

Print Fo in&orm#tion s$eet has the summar( of all selected #rinting o#tion

Proo&ing O'tion creates s#eciali3ed out#ut s#eciall( for chec,ing the out#ut before final #rinting

Printing of +ectors' bitma#s' te"t or colors can be toggled

Out'ut color itm#' #s o#tion is acti+e onl( !hen a com#osite is selected for #rinting and

s#ecifies ho! color bitma#s #rint using C5/F' >8B or gra(scale

4ount#in ste's controls the number of fountain ste#s used for #rinting entire #ages in lo!

resolution bitma#s

Bitm#' own s#m'ling o#tion onl( lo!ers the bitma# resolution

%9) How we im#ges #re cre#te in P$otos$o' Write s$ort note on n$#ncing '$otos in

P$otos$o'!

Ans! O'timi7ing Im#ges &or We Pulic#tion

eb images are incom#lete !ithout the touch of Photosho# 5ost of the eb images are created in

&dobe Photosho# as it is one of the best orld1s images editing soft!are Hence it needs to be

lin,ed to the eb as Internet "#lorer' @etsca#e' 5acromedia 7lash' #le uic, Time and a lot of

other #rograms

C$oosing t$e rig$t We .r#'$ic 4orm#t

#timi3ing an image for use on the eb is a #rocess of reducing that image to its smallest #ossible

file si3e Three gra#hic file t(#es namel(' 8ra#hics Interchange 7ormat -8I7.' Koint Photogra#hic

"#erts 8rou# -KP8. and the Portable @et!or, 8ra#hics format -P@8. are su##orted b( eb

bro!sers

.r#'$ic Interc$#nge 4orm#t

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8I7 is an N6bit format because it can de+ote N bits of data to each #i"el This ma,es its color de#th

eual to 2Nor !hich totals to 2

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2 It offers a !ide range of borders and tem#lates that !ould ma,e it +er( eas( for #eo#le e+en ne!

to the #ac,age to !or, !ith e can easil( #lace images along !ith te"t !here+er reuired and

easil( edit the images or gi+e a ne! loo, to the images e can also a##l( +arious attracti+e blends

of colour in the bac,ground

$ ;nli,e #en and #a#er !e can easil( undo an( thing !e donQt li,e about it here as !e !ouldusuall( ha+e to thro! the #age a!a( or ti#6e" out an( mista,es' ma,ing our !or, loo, #rett(

mess( &lso !e can easil( change the la(out of the #age e can change the colour and design

scheme as and !hen !e !ant

4 The finished document can loo, +er( #rofessional !hen com#leted and can be more a##ealing to

the e(e than a lot of scribbles on a #age +er( element can be arranged s(mmetricall( and !ith

#erfection !ith the hel# of 8uides and 8rids

) Discuss t$e Aoe P$otos$o' Blening O'tions in et#il!

Ans! Blening o'tions:/ou can right6clic, a thumbnail in the la(ers #alette to chose Blending#tions &long !ith the Blend 5ode' #acit( and 7ill o#acit( o#tions' (ou !ill come across

ad+anced blending o#tions such as ,noc,out #o#6u# menu and Blend if sliders

/ou !ill come across the &d+anced Blending o#tions !ith either of the follo!ing three !a(s:

B( double clic,ing the la(er thumbnail

B( right6clic,ing the la(er name or thumbnail and choosing the Blending #tions command

B( #ressing &lt and double6clic,ing the la(er name

"#,ing ;noc,outs

/ou can find the ,noc,out #o#6u# menu in the middle of the &d+anced Blending section !ithin the

=a(er st(le dialog bo" Fnoc,outs !or, b( turning the contents of the acti+e la(er into a floating

hole that can bore through one or more la(ers behind it

The ,noc,out #o#6u# menu hel#s (ou in determining ho! dee# the hole should go for creating a

,noc,out /ou can s#ecif( the translucenc( of the hole b( using the 7ill #acit( or Blend 5ode

o#tion The o#tions a+ailable to (ou in the ,noc,out #o#6u# menu are :6

6one :This is the default setting It im#lies that the ,noc,out function is turned off Hence' (ou

need to treat the la(er as a standard la(er and not as a hole

S$#llow :This o#tion allo!s (ou to bore a hole through a grou# of la(ers in a set to e"#ose the

la(er immediatel( belo! the set /ou can also bore do!n to the la(er directl( belo! the base la(er

of the grou# b( deselecting the o#tion named Blend Cli##ed la(ers as 8rou# But ,ee#ing this

o#tion selected lets (ou bore do!n to the base la(er in the grou#

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Dee' :This o#tion allo!s (ou to bore do!n to the bac,ground la(er

Dro''ing out #n 4orcing t$roug$ / using Blen I&

/ou can find the Blend if section !ith its sliders at the bottom of the Blending #tions #anel !ithin

the =a(er St(le dialog bo"B( using the Blend If sliders' (ou can dro# out #i"els in the acti+e la(er and force through #i"els

from lo!er la(ers according to their brightness +alues

The sliders in the Blend if section are :6

T$is L#/er :This slider lets (ou e"clude ranges of colors according to brightness +alues in the

acti+e la(er /ou can e"clude dar, colors b( clic,ing and dragging the blac, triangle to the right

and light colors b( clic,ing and dragging the !hite triangle to the left

8nerl/ing L#/er :This slider lets (ou force colors from the underl(ing la(ers to #o,e through the

acti+e la(er Thus' an( color falling outside the range set b( the blac, and !hite triangles !ill not

be co+ered

%) Discuss st#n#r tool#r in CorelDr#w!

Ans! St#n#r Tool#r in CorelDr#w $#s iicons &or t$e &ollowing o'tions:

6ew @ hel#s us to o#en a ne! gra#hic file

O'en - hel#s us to o#en an e"isting file

S#3e @ hel#s us to sa+e the file !e are !or,ing on

Print @ hel#s us to #rint the file !e are !or,ing on' or a #ortion of it

Cut 6 hel#s us to cut the selected item or grou# of items

Co'/ 6 hel#s us to co#( the selected item or grou# of items

P#steJ #astes the cut or co#ied item or contents of the cli#board on the #age of a Corel Dra! file

8noJ 5o+es one ste# bac,!ard to the #re+ious state of histor(

*eoJ >edoes the undone state

Im'ortJ Im#orts an item li,e an image or document file

2'ort 6 "#orts a Corel Dra! #age or item as an image or document file to be used in another

soft!are

A''lic#tion L#unc$erJ =aunches an a##lication from the Corel Dra! 8ra#hic Suite li,e Corel

Dra!' Corel Barcode i3ard

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Corel OnlineJ This ta,es us to the Corel Dra! !ebsite if the Internet is connected

oomJ Hel#s us to change the ?oom #ercentage

%) Write note on C"M; color moel!

Ans! C"M; "oe

C5/F model has four colour channels J C(an' 5agenta' /ello! and Fe( or Blac, colour !herein

each #i"el is assigned a #ercentage +alue for each of the in,s The lightest -highlight. colors are

assigned small #ercentage of in, colors the dar,er -shado!. colors ha+e higher #ercentages 7or

e"am#le hite can be obtained b( gi+ing 0 +alue to all the C5/F channels !hile Blac, can be

obtained b( *00) Fe( +alue The C5/F mode is used !hile #re#aring an image to be #rinted

!ith in, colors It is used for #rinting because #rinters ha+e C5/F in,s Hence colour

transformation is not reuired Therefore' de#ending on the #rinting and #ress conditions' the

out#ut can +ar(

+E) How to 'er&orm s'ell c$ec,

Ans! To chec, the S#ellings of Te"t in Corel Dra! !e can do the follo!ing ste#s:

i Select the te"tii 8o to Te"t menu and select dit Te"t o#tion or #ress Ctrl9Shift9T

iii Clic, on #tions list bo" and select S#ell Chec,

i+ ords !ith !rong s#elling a##ear one b( one !ith some re#lacement

o#tions

+ Select an o#tion and select >e#lace or &uto >e#lace or S,i# once or S,i#

all >e#lace o#tion re#laces the selected occurrence of the !rong

s#elling &uto >e#lace o#tion re#laces all occurrences of the !rong

s#elling S,i# once ignores the selected occurrence of the !rong s#elling

S,i# all ignores all the occurrences of the !rong s#elling e can add the

!ord to the Dictionar( b( selecting &dd o#tion

+i hen the s#ell chec,ing is o+er clic, on Close and then on ,

+1) 2'l#in *.B moel!

Ans! *.B "oel

>8B colour model has three channels J >ed' 8reen and Blue channels ach of these channels

assigns an intensit( +alue to each #i"el ranging from 0 to 2 2

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color #ic,er' the a1 com#onent co+ers green to red colours and the b1 com#onent co+ers blue to

(ello! colours The a1 and b1 +alues range from 9*2N to 6*2A The colors in the a1 channel and in

the b1 channel are mi"ed together to #roduce +arious shades of colors Higher +alue in the

luminosit( channel lightens the colors It has a larger gamut than an( of the other colour models

=ab mode is de+ice inde#endent It creates consistent colors regardless of de+ice Hence' it can be

used to edit an( image =ab mode can be used to !or, !ith Photo CD images' edit luminance andthe color +alues in an image inde#endentl( It can mo+e images bet!een s(stems and #rint to Post

Scri#t =e+el 2 and =e+el $ #rinters hen (ou con+ert an image from >8B to C5/F' Photosho#

automaticall( con+erts the image to the =ab mode as an intermediate ste# =ab ensures that no

colors are altered in this con+ersion #rocess e"ce#t those that fall outside the C5/F range

++) How t$e 7ooming is one

Ans!?ooming can be done in Corel Dra! from Standard Toolbar1s last o#tion It can also be done

!ith the hel# of Scroll of 5ouse ie' ;# scroll for 3ooming in and Do!n scroll for 3ooming out

The ?ooming range in Corel Dra! is $) to 40

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7oreground 8ra(: Controls the tint of the foreground colour 0) ma,es the lines of the #attern

!hite

Bac,ground 8ra(: Controls the tint of the bac,ground *00) ma,es the bac,ground of the #attern

blac,

+9) W$#t is itm#' #n gr#/sc#le moe

Ans!

Bitm#' "oe

Bitma# colour mode images are the sim#lest form of true blac, and !hite gra#hic image The(

contain onl( t!o t(#es of #i"els' blac, or !hite These can be used to create line art and digital

halftones Bitma# images contain onl( * bit of information #er #i"el' allo!ing their file si3es to be

smaller than gra(scale or color images The o#tions a+ailable in the bitma# dialog bo" are:

ut#ut: This o#tion allo!s (ou to set the resolution of a blac, and !hite file /ou can increase this

+alue to match (our #rinter1s resolution The recommended out#ut +alue is 200 to 2

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"es$ 4ill Tool o'tions:

@umber of Hori3ontal and Gertical 8rids J e can include a ma"imum of ectangular and 7reehand

&dd Intersection J &dds a Hori3ontal or Gertical grid intersecting the #resent grids de#ending on

the #oint of #resent grid !e clic, on

Delete @ode J Deletes a hori3ontal or a +ertical grid on !hich the selected node lies

Con+ert Cur+e to =ine J Con+erts the selected node to a line

Con+ert =ine to Cur+e J Con+erts the selected node to cur+e This enables us to get the ne"t $

o#tions Smooth' Cus# and S(mmetr(' !hich hel#s us to change the grid

Cur+e Smoothness J Hel#s us to smoothen the cur+iness of a grid

Co#( 5esh from J Co#ies a mesh from another object to the selected object

Clear 5esh 6 Clears the 5esh of the selected object

+>) W$#t #re 'ressure-sensiti3e lines or cur3es

Ans!Pressure6sensiti+e lines or cur+es are lines or cur+es' !hich +ar( in thic,ness /ou can create

this effect using the mouse or a #ressure6sensiti+e #en and gra#hics tablet Both methods result in

lines !ith cur+ed edges and +ar(ing !idths along a #ath Corel Dra! #ro+ides o#tions to dra!

Pressure sensiti+e lines under the &rtistic 5edia tool li,e Preset ' Brush' Calligra#hic and Pressure

+) W$#t is ,ni&e tool

Ans! ;ni&e Tool

The Fnife Tool is an interacti+e free hand st(le of cutting objects Fnife Tool is grou#ed along

!ith the Cro# Tool' raser and Girtual segment delete Tool

To cut !ith Fnife Tool clic, the edges of the sha#e There are t!o !a(s to cut !ith a ,nife' one is

straight cut and another is freehand st(le' but both the !a(s ha+e similar st(le

2'loring ;ni&e tool

* Create an object' !hich needs to be cut and choose the Fnife Tool from the toolbo"

2Hold the cursor o+er the object1s outline' from !here the cutting an object starts The cursor

sna#s u#right !hen #ositioned #ro#erl( Clic, the outline to start cutting

$Define the end #oint of the cut b( #ositioning the Fnife Tool on that s#ecified #oint and clic,

again

4The object gets s#lit in t!o #ortions

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To define the end#oint of a cut' the mouse button must be released on the object1s outer edge

ther!ise cutting !ith the Fnife Tool !ill not be successful

The Fnife Tool cuts or s#lits an( object into t!o hal+es The Pro#ert( Bar of the Fnife Tool

offers t!o t(#es of control' de#ending on the s#ecific cutting o#tions

To s#lit an object along a &ree$#n line' start from one #oint' cut and drag it to the end To s#lit

an object along a Be7ier line5#ress Shift' clic, at the starting #oint hile cutting an object' clic,

e+er( time for changing the direction of the line The t!o o#tions of the Fnife Tool are &uto

Close on Cut1 and =ea+e as ne bject1

Auto Close on Cut is the default state of the Fnife Tool This mode cuts a closed #ath object

!ith freehand cutting o#eration

-a. Le#3e #s One OFectis the o#tion to s#lit an object into t!o sub #aths This o#tion

s#lits an object and ,ee#s onl( one of its #arts

+) W$#t is l#/er e&&ect

L#/er e&&ects

Photosho# #ro+ides a +ariet( of effectssuch as shado!s' glo!s' be+els' o+erla(s' and stro,es

that let (ou uic,l( change the a##earance of a la(er1s contents =a(er effects are lin,ed to the

la(er1s contents hen (ou mo+e or edit the contents of the la(er' the effects are modified

corres#ondingl( 7or e"am#le' if (ou a##l( a dro# shado! effect to a te"t la(er' the shado! changes

automaticall( as (ou edit the te"t

The effects that (ou a##l( to a la(er become #art of the la(er1s custom st(le hen a la(er has a

st(le' an f icon a##ears to the right of the la(er1s name in the =a(ers #alette /ou can e"#and the

st(le in the =a(ers #alette to +ie! all the effects that com#ose the st(le and edit the effects to

change the st(le

hen (ou sa+e a custom st(le' it becomes a #reset st(le Preset st(les a##ear in the St(les #aletteand can be a##lied !ith a single clic, Photosho# #ro+ide a +ariet( of #reset st(les to fill a !ide

range of uses

0E) W$#t #re t$e i&&erent ste's re=uire to inst#ll #n uninst#ll CorelDr#w 1E

Ans!The Corel Dra! setu# !i3ard ma,es it eas( to install and uninstall Corel a##lications The

ste#s for installing Corel Dra! are the follo!ing:1! Close all a##lications

%! Insert Corel Dra! disc * in the CD Dri+e If the Corel Setu# i3ard

does not start automaticall( clic, on Start on the indo!s tas,bar and

clic, >un T(#e D:USetu# -D is the letter that corres#onds to the CD

dri+e+! Select an( one of the follo!ing o#tions and follo! the instructions in

the Corel setu# !i3ard

&dd ne! com#onents -7or a fresh installation.

Custom Setu# - to s#ecif( !hich com#onents to include.

4 7inall( clic, on 7inish

The ste#s for ;ninstalling Corel Dra! are the follo!ing:

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There are lot of similarities bet!een Trans#arenc( Tool and the Interacti+e 7ill Tool or,ing !ith

Trans#arenc( Tool becomes easier after being familiar !ith Interacti+e 7ill Tool

8ni&orm Tr#ns'#renc/ T/'egi+es a flat and e+en trans#arent +alue to an object and is set

bet!een 0 to *00 #ercent using the slider control The default +alue is adial'Conical and Suare The slider hel#s to set the mid#oint of these trans#arenc( t(#es &ll these

trans#arenc( t(#e ha+e the dge #ad and &ngle o#tion

P#ttern #n Te2ture tr#ns'#renc/ T/'e has T!o Color Pattern' 7ull Color Pattern and Bitma#

Pattern Trans#arenc( t(#es & Starting Trans#arenc( and nding Trans#arenc( slider controls the

#ercentage of trans#arenc( a##lied to lighter and dar,er gra(scale colors for selected #atterns

The Te"ture Trans#arenc( t(#e has the Te"ture =ibraries and Te"ture =ist o#tions in the Pro#ert(

bar The slider controls the +arious le+els of trans#arenc( for the lightest and dar,est area of the

te"ture colors

Tr#ns'#renc/ o'er#tions

& series of modes are offered b( the Pro#ert( Bar for the trans#arenc( t(#es for setting the

trans#arent colors of underl(ing objects

6orm#l @ This is the default mode The !hite colored areas are o#aue and blac, colored areas

become trans#arent The gra(scale +alues are e+enl( set bet!een 0 to *00 #ercent

AJ &dd or &dditi+e mode often results in brightening the trans#arenc( of the object in the #lace

it o+erla#s the other object

Sutr#ct @ This mode is o##osite of &dd mode It creates trans#arenc( b( adding all color +alues

and subtracting 2

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Te2uri7e @ ith this mode trans#arenc( is created b( multi#l(ing the gra(scale +alue of original

objects color b( the gra(scale +alue of the underl(ing objects color

Hue @ Trans#arenc( is created b( com#aring the gra(scale +alue of hue color of the original object

!ith the saturation of underl(ing object color If the color of the underl(ing object is gra( then there

is no change

S#tur#tion J Color of the trans#arenc( is based on both' lightness and hue of the object &nd

saturation of the trans#arenc( color is based on @ormal merge mode

Lig$tness @ This mode causes the trans#arenc( b( com#aring the hue and saturation of the original

object1s gra(scale color +alue' to the lightness of the original object

In3ert @ The In+ert merge mode trans#arenc( color is based on @ormal mode but uses the

gra(scale +alue of the o##osite side of the !heel If the gra(scale +alue is *2A it is the center of the

color !heel and the object remains o#aue

An5 Or #n

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Selecting an outline object !ith no fill becomes difficult To a+oid this difficult( o#en the #tion

Dialog bo"' choose or,s#ace Tool Bo" Pic, Tool Clic, Treat &ll bjects as filled' and then

clic, ,

Tec$ni=ues o& OFect Selection wit$ Pic, tool

There are a number of !a(s to select an object b( #ressing the ,e(s on the ,e(board

S$i&t Clic,ing - 7or selecting multi#le objects' hold the Shift ,e( and clic, on the desired objects

one b( one To deselect all the objects clic, on the !hite s#ace To deselect an( single object from a

grou#' hold the Shift ,e( and clic, on the object

"#r=uee SelectionJ To select all objects in a s#ecific area' clic, and drag diagonall( an imaginar(

bo" surrounding the objects !ith the Pic, Tool But if an( object is alread( selected' then maruee

selection techniue !ill deselect it

Alt #n "#r=uee Selection @ hen objects are selected b( maruee' #ressing the &lt ,e( !ill

select all the objects inside the maruee area and also the objects !hich come in contact !ith it To

deselect all the objects hold Shift 9 &lt !ith 5aruee selection

T# to select 6e2t OFect @ If multi#le objects are #laced ne"t to each other' select the first object

!ith the Pic, Tool1 Press the Tab ,e( and it !ill select the ne"t object

8sing Alt ,e/ to select $ien oFect - Select the Pic, Tool1 and #ress &lt ,e( to select a hidden

object or an object !hich is #laced at the bac, ach time the &lt ,e( is #ressed to select an object

!ith the Pic, Tool' the objects' !hich are further bac, in the stac,' !ill be selected

Double clic, on the Pic, Tool to select all the objects in the document !indo! Hold Ctrl 9 Shift

and clic, on an( node to select the nodes on a single #ath of a com#ound #ath Double clic, the

Sha#e Tool to select all nodes on all #aths in a com#ound #ath

How to 8se Pic, Tool

Select an( object !ith the Pic, Tool Hold the Pic, Tool o+er the selected object and a dotted bo"

!ill a##ear This gi+es the indication that the object can be mo+ed to an( direction hen the object

is dragged a #re+ie! outline' sho!ing the ne! #osition is seen >elease the mouse in the ne!

#osition and the object is mo+ed to that #lace

To drag or transform a +er( small object easil(' use the ?oom Tool to ma,e it larger

Pic, Tool $#s S$#'e Tool St#te

Pic, tool has a hidden state' the tem#orar( Sha#e Tool state Pic, Tool and Sha#e Tool share a closerelationshi# The( ha+e similar a##earances and the uses of both are interconnected

hen an object is selected the Pic, Tool turns into Sha#e Tool as it is held o+er one of the nodes of

the selection 8enerall( Pic, Tool is used for selecting and transforming objects and Sha#e tool is

used for editing sha#es and cur+es

hen the Pic, Tool acts as a tem#orar( Sha#e Tool' it allo!s altering #ath sha#es1 of the object b(

changing the node le+el !ithout changing the original sha#e of the object

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To use this feature select nable @ode Trac,ing o#tion Choose Tools O'tion5 clic, and select

Wor,s'#ce Dis'l#/! This is +er( con+enient for editing single nodes or control #oints of a

cur+ed #ath or >ectangles' lli#se and bitma#s etc

Inter#cti3e OFect Tr#ns&orm#tion wit$ t$e $el' o& Pic, tool

ith the hel# of the Pic, Tool (ou can #erform the interacti+e transformation Clic, and drag an(one of the