QFD Contiene Link a Software

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[email protected] Lecture 6. Page 1 of 27

Quality Function DeploymentQFD

House of Quality (HOQ)

WELCOME TO LECTURE 6


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COURSE PERT CHART


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Where we are

We have seen how to define the problem

We have seen how to decompose it We have seen how to be creative

We have seen how to evaluate solutions Now how can we improve on existing

products? - What does the CUSTOMER

want?


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QFD:Definition

QFD stands for Quality Function Deployment.

Derived from six Chinese/ J apanese characters:

1. Hin shitsu: Qualities, features or attributes

2. Ki no: function

3. Ten kai: deployment

QFD:- systematic way for developingproducts based on the needs of thecustomer.


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History of QFD

Originally developed by Yoji Akao of Tokyo in1966.

First implemented at the Kobe Shipyard ofMitsubishi in 1972.

Subsequently adopted by Toyota and otherJ apanese Firms.

First QFD Training outside J apan at GM andFord in 1972.

Later by other companies around the world


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QFD : QUALITY FUNCTION DEVELOPMENT

GOAL:

Recognize the correlations between the customer

requirements and the product characteristicsIdentify the product characteristics that affect

specific customer requirements

Recognize the correlations within the engineering

characteristics


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QFD : QUALITY FUNCTION DEVELOPMENT

Paper by Hauser and Clausing in Harvard

Business Review 1988 prompted the

introduction of the Japanese House ofQuality into US companies.

Quality:Basic (unspoken, assumed) expected, typicalPerformance (spoken) one dimensional,

market research resultsExcitement (unspoken, the customer does not

know s/he wants it) pleasant, surprises or

delights customer


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QFD

what

How

what/How

why

what/why

How/Howmuch

Howmuch

How/How

#designchanges

Before After

US

J apan

HOUSE OF QUALITY


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[email protected] Lecture 6. Page 10of 27

QFDHouse of Quality

EC1

EC2

...

CA 1 W1

CA 2 W2

... ...

EngineeringCharacteristics 3

Cus

tomer

Attri

bu

tes

1

We

ights2

++

++

- Goal-Conflicts 9

Correlation-

Matrix 4

Assessment 5

Targets6

techn. Competition compar. 7

Compe

titioncomp

ar.

In

cus

tomer'sv

iew

8

Ex.: 1-10

Ex.: 1-10

Points

Strong relationship 9

Medium relationship 3

Weak relationship 1


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EXAMPLE

Bo

dyma

terial

Lea

dma

terial

Design

/Co

lor

Erasor

Engrav

inga

bility

.....

Compe

titor

1

Compe

titor

2

Ourpro

duc

t

Goa

l

Easy to erase 5 9 9 7 5 5 7

Writes forever 10 1 9 4 4 4 6Feels good in hand 5 3 9 6 4 7 7

Will not leak 4 9 3 3 4 3 6

Not easy to lose 1 1 1 3 3 3 8

Cost 5 9 3 3 1 7 6 5 8

.....

70 186 61 62 1

2 1 4 3 5

Customer Attributes

Priority

E. Characteristics

Caution: oversimplified!And only top level considered!Check publications

(ref. von Helbling Management)


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QFD Analysis

Potential for Use of a House of QualityMatrix Technique in RehabilitationEngineering

by: Logan, G.D. & Radcliffe, D.F.

IEEE Transactions on RehabilitationEngineering


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Goal: Improve wheelchair seating to

people with disabilities.

Acquired customer requirements throughinteraction with patients, and videotapedsessions.

Case 1: improving controls on wheelchair

Case 2: attaching oxygen tank to wheelchair


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Case 1 H.O.Q.


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Case 1 results:

H.O.Q. provided accurate results.

Top 3 ranked items lead to asuccessful product and hadconsiderably higher totals than the

remaining engineering features.

Paper Conclusions


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Define the Performance Measures

columns on the top

QFD INTENTIONS

Cross Functional Teams

Development of a new product , service, or process

Team fills out a House of Quality

Define the Voice Of the Customerrows on the left

Forces creative thinking and continual evaluation of progress

Refining an existing product , service, or process

Engineering CharacteristicsTechnical Quality CharacteristicsQuality SpecificationsFunctional RequirementsThe Hows


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Parts Specifications

Fea

turesan

d

Tec

hno

log

ies

Manufacturing Processes

Parts

Spec

ifica

tions

Using QFD to deploy

the VOC throughout thedevelopment process

One is not enough

Featur es andTechnologies

Performance

Measures

Performance Measures

Customer

Nee

ds


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UNREALISTIC

Performance Measures

Customer

Nee

ds

Features and Technologies

Performance

Measures

Parts Specifications

Fea

turesan

d

Tec

hno

log

ies

Manufacturing Processes

Parts

Spec

ifica

tions

Eager to get to design

Substitute a design matrix forsecond house80 - 90% of learning occursin the initial HOQ

Initial HOQ takes 2 - 6 days tocomplete

15 - 20 rows

40 - 60 columns


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QFD software

QFD Capture (free evaluationdownload)

http://www.gsm.mq.edu.au/cmit/

German, Excel,


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The House of Quality

Construction of the House of Quality (HOQ) is an initial step inlaunching Quality Functional Deployment (QFD). The HOQ providesa means to recognize correlation among customer requirements,engineering characteristics, part characteristics, process operations,and production requirements. Additionally, the HOQ can be used a

tool for comparing existing and potential designs with thecompetitions designs. Findings from the HOQ can help groupsdevelop targets and understand priorities and goals throughout thedevelopment process.

In this exercise, 2 HOQs are considered: Voice of the Customer vs.

Engineering Characteristics and Engineering Characteristics vs. PartCharacteristics. The product at hand is a compressed air handheld pump commonly

used for inflating bicycle tires. The first step in building the HOQs is to list the requirements and

characteristics pertaining to the product. The table below lists thecustomer requirements, engineering characteristics, and partcharacteristics for the handheld pump.


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Requirements and Characteristics for HOQ

Part CharacterisiticsEngineering CharacteristicsCustomer Requirements

Threaded fittingCompetitive in market

Valve Stem SeatCost

NozzleBe safe in all sporting conditions

MaterialBe recyclable

Seal, cartridge to valveBe reusable

Pressure (40-110 psi)Over-pressure protectionEnvironment

Capacity (12-25g)Offer control of flowMaintenance free

Safety Pressure reliefAdapt to Sxx,Pxxneedle valvesReadily available replacements

CartridgeCompressed air retentionMaintenance

MaterialPressure to inflate 40-110 psiPrevent freezing discharge of CO2 from cartridge

Interface w/ valve headOperate in temp range 10F-120FAccommodate threaded or non-threaded cartridges

MassUse of varying cartridge designsAccommodate varying cartridge sizes

LengthVolume for 12-25gr cartridgeInflate mountain bike tires

Inside diameterCompact constructionInflate road tires

Outside diameterLightweightHouse unpunctured cartridge

Cartridge housingImpact resistancePerformance

MaterialConvenient geometryEasy to carry

Lever strokeAccessible trigger locationEasy to store

Lever lengthassblyof valve body to containerEasy cartridge loading

TriggerMinimum trigger forceErgonomics


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HOQ1 CRs vs ECs


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HOQ1 CRs vs ECs


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HOQ1 ECs vs PCs


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Conclusion: Summary Value of QFD

Strengthens current development process

- Clear targets defined early based on

market/business demands

- simultaneous focus on product and process

technologies

- key issues remain visible for prioritizing resourceallocation

- communication and teamwork are enhanced

Desired output efficiently achieved- Products meet customer needs

- Products provide a competitive edge


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Conclusions

Powerful tool to help you prioritize what

to work on. Powerful tool to allow you to compare

your product to the competitions

products and target how to better satisfythe customer

Weakness is lack of scientific basis.More heuristic method proven to helpcompanies


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Presentations Provide pertinent facts to busy people Be systematic: Carefully prepare

Analyze the audience State your objective Define your main message and support it

Introduction

Body Conclusion

Watch presentation skills, do not distract Support your material with facts, references- Make sure they are correct Use professional language, no slang, no excessive acronyms Proper grammar, articulation, loudness Variety in pitch, rate, intensity Eye contact Watch for hesitations, filler words Stay on time Use appropriate number of visual aids, and make them good quality Use clear fonts (Arial), large size fonts (readable from back of room) Do not use distracting color Put the name of each presenter at the bottom of the slide REHEARSE!!!!!! You should not have to look back at the screen

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