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SIMPLE: Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient

Protocol For WBANsQaisar Nadeem

Department of Electrical EngineeringComsats Institute of Information Technology

IslamabadSep 07, 2013

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Outline Introduction Motivation Mathematical Formulation of the Problem Node deployment SIMPLE: Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For WBANs

Initial phase Selection of forwarder Scheduling

Radio Parameters Simulation Results Path Loss Model Conclusion

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Introduction

WBAN is sub-field of WSNs The primary target applications of WBANs are medical

health-care services WBANs offer early detection/treatment of diseases, thereby

reducing health-care costs WBANs capture accurate and quantitative data from a

variety of sensors (e.g., temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, etc.)

Sensors are placed on the human body or in the body

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Motivation

Nodes in WBANs are required to operate under strict resource Constraints

Impossible to replace batteries Frequent recharging procedure is one of the main obstacles

in WBANs Porting routing solutions from WSNs to WBANs is

problematic due to the different network architectures and operating conditions

Efficient routing solutions should be designed specifically for WBANs

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Problem Formulation: Minimum Energy Consumption

Let N is the set of nodes, f is the forwarder node and sink S C is the capacity of the wireless link The data generated by sensors is denoted by dis

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Problem Formulation: Minimum Energy Consumption

Objective Function

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Problem Formulation: Minimum Energy Consumption

Subject to:

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Let Ei is the total available energy Emin is minimum residual energy below which nodes stop

transmitting Zi is a 0-1 integer The wireless channel capacity is represented by C

Problem Formulation: ThroughputMaximization

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Objective Function

Problem Formulation: ThroughputMaximization

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Problem Formulation: ThroughputMaximization

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Solution

SIMPLE: Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For Wireless Body Area

Networks (WBANs)

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Node Deployment

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SIMPLE: Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For WBAN

Initial Phase Selection of Forwarder Node Scheduling

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Initial Phase

Sink broadcasts its location through short information packet

Sensor nodes store the location of sink Each sensor transmits short information packet to sink

which contains node ID, its residual energy and location Sink broadcasts information to all sensors

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Selection of Forwarder Node

Minimum cost function value is used to select optimal data forwarder

A node with high residual energy and less distance to sink has minimum cost function

Cost Function (i) = distance (i) /Residual Energy (i) (5)

Cost function value ensures new forwarder in each round

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Scheduling

Forwarder node assigns TDMA schedule to its children node Children nodes transmit their data in allocated time slot TDMA scheduling saves energy of sensor nodes.

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Energy Parameters

Two commercially available transceivers [3]

Energy equation

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iM-SIMPLE: Improved Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For WBAN

Simulation Results

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Network lifetime Increase in stability period due to appropriate selection of forwarder node in each round Balanced energy consumption among all nodes in stable region Chain formation in M-ATTEMPT causes nodes to deplete more energy

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Residual Energy Nodes utilize less energy in stability period Nodes consume energy faster in unstable region

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Throughput Throughput is the number of packets received successfully

at sink More alive nodes contribute towards higher network

throughput

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Path loss Multi-hop topology minimizes the Path loss Direct distant communication causes maximum path loss

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Path Loss Model Path Loss is the difference between transmitted

power and received power

Where,PL = Path loss d = Distance between transmitter and receiverdo = Reference distancen = Path loss coefficient

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Conclusion

Stable and high throughput routing protocol for WBANs

A node with minimum cost function is selected as forwarder

Cost function is based on residual energy of nodes and its distance from sink

Node with high residual energy and less distance to sink has minimum value of cost function

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Questions

Thank you!

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References1: J. Elias and A. Mehaoua, “Energy-aware topology design for wireless body area networks,” in Communications (ICC), 2012 IEEE International Conference on, pp. 34093410, IEEE, 20122: N. Ababneh, N. Timmons, and J. Morrison, “Cross-layer optimization protocol for guaranteed data streaming over

wireless body area networks,” in Wireless Communications andMobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2012 8thInternational, pp. 118123, IEEE, 2012.

3: Reusens, Elisabeth, et al. ”Characterization of on-bodycommunication channel and energy efficient topology designfor wireless body area networks.” Information Technology inBiomedicine, IEEE Transactions on 13.6 (2009): 933-945.