Q:1. Give one example for each of the following:A. Closed system

B. Open system

C. Isolated system

Q:6. Describe the transfers and transformations involved when light energy strikes a leaf.

Q:7. How does the second law of thermodynamics apply to ecosystems?◦ Energy is transformed into work, and some energy

is always dissipated (lost to the environment) as waste heat

Q:8. Define Steady State Equilibrium:◦ Continuous inputs and outputs of energy and

matter, but the system as a whole remains in a more-or-loess constant state

Q:9. Is the following an example of steady-state equilibrium or static equilibrium?◦ The maintenance of a constant body

temperature

◦ Steady-state

Q:10. Explain, with a named example how positive feedback may contribute to global warming?

Q: 11.

Q: 12. True or FalseA stable ecosystem is made up of a wide

range of micro-organisms, plants, and animals

TRUE!

Q: 13. Define the term ecosystem:

Q: 14. A desert with very low precipitation and little vegetation is an example of which type of system?A. Open

B. Closed

C. Isolated

D. Closed and isolated

Q: 15. A population of organisms the size of which remains approximately constant, but which fluctuates over the short term, may be described as being in a state of:A. Static equilibrium

B. Positive feedback

C. Stable equilibrium

D. Demographic transition

Q: 16. Of what is the diagram an example of?

A. Negative feedbackB. Positive feedbackC. Steady-state equilibriumD. Static equilibrium

Less energy reflected

Global warming

Ice-caps melt

Increased global temperature

Q: 17. Outline what is meant by a model.A simplified description; designed to show

the structure or workings of an object, system or concept

Q: 18. Which is an example of negative feedback?A. Loss of vegetation, leading to soil erosion, leading

to further loss of vegetation

B. Animals failing to reproduce when food is abundant

C. More carbon dioxide favoring plant growth, so plants absorb more carbon dioxide

D. A population of small mammals in a forest decreasing due to a fire.

Q: 19. In your own words, describe James Lovelock’s Gaia hypothesis:

Compares the earth to a living organism in which feedback mechanisms maintain equilibrium

Q: 20. Models help us do all of the following except:

A. Represent complexity of reality in a simpler way

B. Understand processes which are difficultC. Predict, with perfect accuracy, the behavior

of a systemD. Assess multiple interactions individually

and as a whole

Q: 21. TRUE or FALSE If you study your notes from class and

vocabulary, you will do well on this test.

TRUE!!!