Q-Bahn: Scalable and Deployable QoS for the Wired/Wireless Internet

Q-Bahn: Scalable and Deployable QoSfor the Wired/Wireless Internet

Kihong ParkNetwork Systems Lab

Department of Computer SciencesPurdue University

Network Systems Lab Projects

Workload Sensitive Traffic Control Scalable Internet QoS Network Security

DDoS & Worm

Outline

NGN challenges

Q-Bahn approachFoundationsDesign featuresImplementation

Q-Bahn Demo

Challenges: Three Types

FunctionalQoSSecurityFault-tolerance

Quality of ServiceQuality of ServiceQuality of ServiceQuality of Service SecuritySecuritySecuritySecurity Fault-ToleranceFaultFaultFault---ToleranceToleranceTolerance

OrganizationalPolicy barrierBusiness model

grandmother test

SprintNTT

PerformanceScalabilityDeployability

vs.small

big

Perspective: End-to-End QoS

End SystemEnd System

legacy applegacy OSserver, PC, handheldCPUbw, power, …

InterInter--DomainDomain

Local AccessLocal Access

wirelessWLANmobilityaccess control

IntraIntra--DomainDomain

access routercore routeradmission control

policy

Perspective: End-to-End QoS

End SystemEnd System

legacy applegacy OSserver, PC, handheldCPUbw, power, …

InterInter--DomainDomain

wirelessWLANmobilityaccess control

IntraIntra--DomainDomain

access routercore routeradmission control

policy

Local AccessLocal Access

&&

SecuritySecurityFailureFailure

QoSQoS ChainChain

Challenges: Three Types

FunctionalQoSSecurityFault-tolerance

PerformanceScalabilityDeployability

OrganizationalPolicy barrierBusiness model

Quality of ServiceQuality of ServiceQuality of ServiceQuality of Service SecuritySecuritySecuritySecurity Fault-ToleranceFaultFaultFault---ToleranceToleranceTolerance

vs.small

big

grandmother test

SprintNTT

today

Q-Bahn Approach: Objectives

Scalability→ reservation-less service

Deployability→ legacy application support

► aggregate-flow scheduling

► end-to-end QoS control

► system efficiency

► extensibility

► backward compatibility

► business model

QQQ---BahnBahnBahn: Intra: Intra: Intra---domain enterprise domain enterprise domain enterprise QoSQoSQoS systemsystemsystemCisco routerWindows/LinuxTest bed

Q-Bahn Approach:→ endow value added capabilities to legacy apps

Foundation for advanced networked services→ enabling technology for next generation services

Value Added Service Provisioning

+

transparenttransparent

LegacyLegacy LegacyLegacy

Q-Bahn Features

System building

Workload generation

Aggregate-flow scheduling

Game theory

Traffic control

Business modelTheory + SystemsTheory + Systems

System building

Workload generation


Game theory

Traffic control

Business model

Q-Bahn Features

→ legacy app & OSlegacy app & OS

implementation & implementation & testbedtestbed benchmarkingbenchmarking

System building

Workload generation


Game theory

Traffic control

Business model

Q-Bahn Features

TCPTCP UDPUDP

IPIP

→ heavyheavy--tailed, selftailed, self--similar trafficsimilar traffic

100ms

1s

10s

100s

System building

Workload generation


Game theory

Traffic control

Business model

Q-Bahn Features

optimal PHB designoptimal PHB design

effective aggregationeffective aggregation

System building

Workload generation


Game theory

Traffic control

Business model

Q-Bahn Features

vs.

cooperativecooperative noncooperativenoncooperative

►► schedulingscheduling►► pricingpricing

stabilitystabilityefficiencyefficiency

System building

Workload generation


Game theory

Traffic control

Business model

Q-Bahn Features

closed- & open-loop label control

workloadworkload--sensitive traffic controlsensitive traffic controladaptive label controladaptive label control

System building

Workload generation


Game theory

Traffic control

Business model

Q-Bahn Features

grandmother test

grandmother test

Bla

ck B

oxB

lack

Box

System Building & BenchmarkingRouter/Switch || End System || Testbed

Optimal PHB implementation

Joint work with F. Baker, S. Kweon, G. Reitsma

Router QoS Control

► 7200 series backbone routers► IOS 12.2

1

n

Classifier1

m

…

Aggregate-flow WFQ

Weight update

Output Interface

Cisco CBWFQadded procedure in Cisco express forwarding

Timer drivenback-end process

QoS Switching Performance

QoS space

Footprint

offered load

► optimal vs. EF, AF, FIFO► processing overhead

throughput

► Cisco 7206 VXR NP400► IOS 12.2 purdue-phb

# of TOS bits

QoS

Intel IXP1200Intel IXP1200

Network ProcessorNetwork Processor

End-to-End QoS Control

End system: hostAdaptive label controlMark IP TOS field to achieve target QoS→ e.g., 4-bit TOS field for 16 classes

Key feature: end-to-end QoS controlOpen-loop & closed-loop controlAdmission control: access control & accountingUnified QoS currency

End-to-End QoS Control

Integrated QoS control→ single QoS currency

CPU scheduling

End-to-end QoS control

QoS routing

IP packet scheduling

Wireless MAC

TOS value

End System QoS Control

Legacy application QoS support→ deployability: Q-Port

Q-Interface

Q-Manager

Q-Driver

Q-Policy

Q-Measure► transparency► efficiency

End System QoS Control

Q-Port implementation designWindows XP and CE→ Q-Driver installation in NDIS

Linux→ netfilter (Linux 2.4+)→ dynamically loadable Q-Driver

QQ--BahnBahn BackboneBackbone

Q-Bahn Testbed

Physical system: network core9-node IP-over-SONET backboneCisco 7206 VXR routers

Abilene/Internet2 Connectivity

Q-Bahn Testbed

Physical system: network coreCisco 7206VXR routers: custom IOSpurdue-phb: implements optimal aggregate-flow scheduling

Q-Bahn backbone

Physical system: end systemWorkstations, PCs, labtops, handhelds running Linux and WindowsTransparent end system QoS support: Q-Port

Q-Bahn Testbed

Q-Bahn backbone

Experiment: Demo

Application domain: real-time cable TV CDN→ also VoD CDN, VoIP and teleconferencing

Legacy applicationClient: NetMeeting, OpenPhoneServer: OpenMCU

Legacy OSWindows XPLinux 2.4+ with netfilter

► multi-threaded

Experiment: Demo

clientclient

clientclient

clientclient

serverserver tvtv cardcard

OpenMCUOpenMCU

monitormonitor

snmpsnmpnetflownetflow

ciscocisco 72067206ciscocisco 72067206

ciscocisco 72067206

HardwareHardwareSoftware: legacy app & OSSoftware: legacy app & OS

Experiment: Demo

clientclient

clientclient

clientclient


monitormonitor



ciscocisco 72067206


OpenMCUOpenMCUcross trafficcross traffic

$$

$$$$

$$$$$$$$

KansasKansasDenverDenver

Experiment: Demo

clientclient

clientclient

clientclient


monitormonitor



ciscocisco 72067206


OpenMCUOpenMCUcross trafficcross traffic

$$

$$$$

$$$$$$$$

Class 6Class 6

Class 5Class 5

Class 4Class 4

Class 3Class 3

Class 2Class 2

Class 1Class 1

Experiment: Demo

clientclient

clientclient

clientclient


OpenMCUOpenMCU

monitormonitor



ciscocisco 72067206


VoIPVoIP & Teleconferencing& TeleconferencingVoDVoD, CDN, Web Server, CDN, Web Server

wireless & 4Gwireless & 4G

Wireless Extension

Physical system: wireless & mobile6-AP Enterasys RoamAbout 802.11b WLANFloor 1 Floor 2 Floor 3

►► Network Systems Lab WLANNetwork Systems Lab WLAN► CS Dept. WLANCS Dept. WLAN

Wireless Extension

Physical system: wireless & mobileMobiles: pocket PCs, laptopsFloor 1 Floor 2 Floor 3

Wireless Experiment: Demo

Enterasys RoamAbout R2 APs

cross traffic

Enterasys RoamAbout R2 APs

Wireless Experiment: Demo

■ Without congestion► Best effort

■ With congestion► Best effort► Medium► High

Class 6Class 6

Class 5Class 5

Class 4Class 4

Class 3Class 3

Class 2Class 2

Class 1Class 1

Benchmark Results: Structural

Dynamic workload process

→ bursty arrivals: 11/13/02, 7:20pm-9:40pm

~2,000 session~2,000 session

timetime

# of sessions# of sessions


Performance: TOS field value 2 vs. 7

→ robust w.r.t. heterogenous workloads

TOS = 2

TOS = 7

bwbw requirementrequirementsession durationsession duration

QoSQoS satisfactionsatisfaction


Workload: TCP file transfer→ 80%+ of Internet traffic is HTTP traffic

service classservice class

completion timecompletion time

Other Application Domains

Functional integration→ new services

Enterprise systems→ Xerox document

University services→ intra-domain network mgt.

DB Networking Security

client browser

QQQ---IntIntIntservices

► ResNet

Further Info & Acknowledgment

ContactE-mail: [email protected]://www.cs.purdue.edu/nsl

Supported byNSFDARPACERIAS, Xerox, Intel, ETRI

Q-Bahn: Scalable and Deployable QoS for the Wired/Wireless Internet

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