Pyrolytic Bio-fuels Produced from Forestry and Agricultural Feedstocks By Philip H. Steele Forest...
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![Page 1: Pyrolytic Bio-fuels Produced from Forestry and Agricultural Feedstocks By Philip H. Steele Forest Products Department Forest and Wildlife Research Center.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649ebd5503460f94bc74af/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Pyrolytic Bio-fuels Produced from Forestryand Agricultural Feedstocks
By
Philip H. Steele
Forest Products DepartmentForest and Wildlife Research Center
Mississippi State University
![Page 2: Pyrolytic Bio-fuels Produced from Forestry and Agricultural Feedstocks By Philip H. Steele Forest Products Department Forest and Wildlife Research Center.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649ebd5503460f94bc74af/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Bio-oil production:– Bio-oil results from fast pyrolysis of cellulosic
biomass
– Particles are less than or equal to 2 mm
– Absence of oxygen
– Applied temperatures 400 to 550oC
– Rapid cooling
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MSU pyrolysis Gen II pyrolysis reactor:
Raw bio-oil yield = 65% on dry wt basis. 1 dry tonbiomass = 1300 lbbio-oil and gives 130 gal/dt
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What are bio-oils?– Bio-oils are water emulsive suspensions of the
thermally fractured biomass chemical structure. Each bio-oil typically contains more than 100 chemical compounds.
– Not an oil as it is
immiscible in petroleum
oils
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An MSU objective is to license its pyrolysis reactor design:
• Revised auger design will allow an estimated 4-ton/day biomass throughput
• Our two industrial partners are underway with the new design for 10-ton/day reactors
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Oxygen in bio-oil: 45-50% by weight– Incorporated in oxygenated compounds
Causes most of the negative properties:– Variable viscosity
– High acidity
– Pungent odor
– Low energy density (50% that of No. 2 fuel oil)
Bio-oil challenges:
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Bio-oil chemical composition by group:Bio-oil chemical composition by group:
7
Wt% , Wt% ,
Water 20-30 Phenols 2-5
Lignin compounds 15-30 Furfurals 1-4
Aldehydes 10-20 Alcohols 2-5
Carboxylic acids 10-15 Ketones 1-5
Carbohydrates 5-10
![Page 8: Pyrolytic Bio-fuels Produced from Forestry and Agricultural Feedstocks By Philip H. Steele Forest Products Department Forest and Wildlife Research Center.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649ebd5503460f94bc74af/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Upgrading bio-oil :
– Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO)
– Lignocellulosic biodiesel (L-B)
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Upgrading bio-oil by hydrodeoxygenation (HDO):
HydrogenOxygen
Water + HDO bio-oil
HDO bio-oil captures 72% of raw bio-oil energy value;it is a mix of hydrocarbons ranging from napthalene through diesel weights.
Water
Hydro-carbons
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Packed bed reactor production of MSU HDO will begin next week:
Water % = 0Oxygen % = 0Acid value = 0.1HHV = 44.8
Diesel 30%Gasoline 35%Jet fuel 32%Other 3%
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0
40
80
120
160
200
400 900 1400 1900 2400 2900 3400 3900
Wavenumber
% T
ran
sim
itta
nce
Raw bio-oil HDO bio-oil Diesel
AlkanesAromatics
FTIR spectrum; diesel vs raw and HDO bio-oils:FTIR spectrum; diesel vs raw and HDO bio-oils:
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HDO bio-oil can be: blended with hydrocarbons; refined in current petroleum refineries:
Refined in petroleum refineries
Blended with petroleum hydrocarbons
5% HDO
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SERC co-director, Glenn Steele, demostrating HDO bio-oil/gasoline blend informal engine test:
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Esterified bio-oil is a mildly upgraded bio-oil to be utilized as a boiler fuel:
PropertyRaw
bio-oilEsterified
bio-oil
Acid value ( mg KOH/g) 89 46
Viscosity (cSt @ 40 oC) 14.53 7.37
HHV (MJ/kg) 17.5 23.8
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Distributed bio-oil manufacture will reduce transportation costs:
Bio-oil upgrading
Disaster mobile
pyrolysis reactors
Industrially captive
pyrolysis reactors
Regional pyrolysis
center
Mobile pyrolysis reactors
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Hydrocarbon Biofuels Produced via Pyrolysis of Pine Timber and
Harvest ResiduesBy
Philip H. SteeleSanjeev Gajjela
andFei Yu
Forest Products DepartmentForest and Wildlife Research Center
Mississippi State University