Putting Words Together

8/20/2019 Putting Words Together

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PUTTING WORDS TOGETHER:MORPHOLOGY AND SYNTAXIN THE PRESCHOOL YEARS

Prepared by: Catherie D! De L"y"#a


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1. Later developments inpreschoolers

Pa$$i%e

C""rdiati"

Re#ati%e C#a&$e$


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Pa$$i%e

rare#y &$ed i E'#i$h

hi'h#i'ht$ the "b(e)t "* a $ete)e "r

the re)ipiet "* a a)ti"

The +id"+ +a$ br",e by a d"'!

rare i )hi#dre-$ $p"tae"&$ $pee)hd&e t" re%er$ed "rder "* a'et . "b(e)t


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H"r'a/ 0123

&$ed $et "* pi)t&re$ t" e#i)it pa$$i%e$ "&t *r"40.05 year$ "#d )hi#dre

Y"&'er )hi#dre 6 pr"d&)ed *#

pa$$i%e$ tha tr&)ated pa$$i%e$ 7"a'et i$ $pe)i8ed9 ea4p#e ;The +id"++a$ br",e!-

T"pi) di


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H"r'a/ 0123

Tr&)ated pa$$i%e$ are "t tr&e pa$$i%e$at a##/ +hi)h ep#ai the di


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@e%er/ 012

U$ed:Se4ati)a##y re%er$ib#e 6 b"th "&$

)"d p#a&$ib#y a)t a$ a a'et "r $&b(e)tE: The b"y ,i$$ed the 'ir#! 7a)ti%e9 "r The b"y +a$ ,i$$ed by the 'ir#! 7pa$$i%e9

Se4ati)a##y irre%er$ib#e 6 "#y "e "*the "&$ )"d p#a&$ib#y a)t a$ aa'etE: The 'ir# patted the d"'! 7a)ti%e9 The

d"' +a$ patted by the 'ir#! 7pa$$i%e9


7/28@e%er/ 012

Chi#dre d"-t 4a$ter pa$$i%e $ete)e$ +Ba)ti"a# %erb$ 7,i$$ "r pat9 &ti# a'e . #ater *"r $ete)e$ +Bp$y)h"#"'i)a# %erb$

7$ee "r #i,e9

At )ha)e #e%e# i )"4prehedi' ? ;@art+a$ $ee by Mar'e- &p &ti# a'e 2 adthey "#y rea)hed 1F )"rre)t at a'e 1

=idi'$:Chi#dre &der$tad irre%er$ib#e pa$$i%e$ear#ier tha re%er$ib#e "e$


8/28@e%er/ 012

Chi#dre ,"+ pred"4iat#y 7"&.%erb."& $e&e)e$ ? a)ti%e %"i)e

4ea a'et.a)ti"."b(e)t9

Pa$$i%e $ete)e ? i'"re the +a$Bby

i*erri' pa$$i%e "&.%erb."&$e&e)e t" be a)ti%e!

S&''e$ti"$:5.yr$ 6 de%e#"ped ab$tra)t re that "rder "*+"rd$ i E'#i$h $i'a#$ the 4ai $ete)e

re#ati"$


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COORDINATIONS

year$ 6 )hi#dre be'i )"4bii'$ete)e$ t" epre$$ )"4p#e "r

)"4p"&d pr"p"$iti"$

Si4p#e$t ad 4"$t *re&et +ay)hi#dre )"4bie $ete)e$ i$ t" )"("it+" pr"p"$iti"$ +ith ad!

De%e#"p4et deped$ "t "#y "#i'&i$ti) )"4p#eity b&t a#$" "$e4ati) ad )"tet&a# *a)t"r$!


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>T+" 4ai *"r4$ "* )""rdiati"a))"rdi' t" #i'&i$t$:

Setetia#C""rdiati" 6 t+""r 4"re $ete)e$

are )"("ied!

E: I-4 p&$hi' the+a'" ad I-4

p#i' the trai

N"te: Setetia# 'eera##y d"e$-t de%e#"pbe*"re phra$a# )""rdiati"!

7de Ji##ier$/ Ta'er.=#&$ber' Ha,&ta 01229

Phra$a# C! 6phra$e$ +Bi$ete)e are

)"("ied!

E: I-4 p&$hi' the+a'" ad the

trai!


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A)&i$iti" "* )""rdiati" +a$ iK&e)edby $e4ati) *a)t"r$ 7@#""4 et! A#/0139

Additi%e 6 " depede)y re#ati"bet+ee the )"("ied )#a&$e$

E: Maybe y"& )a )arry thi$ ad I)a )arry that!

Te4p"ra# re#ati"$ 6 t+" )#a&$e$ +ere

re#ated by te4p"ra# $e&e)e "r$i4taeity!E: Mary-$ '"i' h"4e ad ta,e$ her

$+eater "


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A)&i$iti" "* )""rdiati" +a$ iK&e)edby $e4ati) *a)t"r$ 7@#""4 et! A#/0139

Ca&$a# re#ati"$E: She p&t a bada'e " her $h"e ad4ar,ed it *ee# better!

Ob(e)t Spe)i8)ati" 6 t" e)"de "ther4eai'$E: It #"",$ #i,e a 8$hi' thi' ad y"& 8$h+ith it!

Ad%er$ati%e Re#ati" 6 Epre$$i' "pp"$iti"E: @e)a&$e I +a$ tired ad "+ I-4 "ttired!


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RELATIVE CLAUSES

@#""4 et a# 70139 Re#ati%iati"de%e#"ped #ate tha )""rdiati" &$ede)#&$i%e#y t" pre$et i*"r4ati" ab"&t

a "b(e)t "r per$" 7e!'!: It-$ the "ey"& +et t" #a$t i'ht!9

D&e "* it$ )"4p#eity ad the #a), "*"))a$i" t" &$e re#ati%e )#a&$e$ iat&ra#i$ti) $etti' )hi#dre pr"d&)e

the4 rare#y


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Types of relative clauses in varietyof location w/in a sentence:

Hamur!er an" Crain #$%&'(. C"d&)ted e#i)ited.pr"d&)ti" St&die$. ="&d "&t that yr "#d pr"d&)ed

re#ati%e )#a&$e$ 4"di*yi' "b(e)t "* the$ete)e

*Right Branching Relative Clauses 6

added t" NP t" the ri'ht "* a %erb 6 thedire)t "b(e)t "* the %erbE: Pi),.&p the +a#r&$ that i$ ti),#i' theebra!


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Ta!er)*luser! #$%&'(>Ceter E4bedded Re#ati%e C#a&$e$ 6

4"di*y the 4ai )#a&$e $&b(e)t 6appear$ bet+ee the $&b(e)t.predi)ateE: The bear +h" i$ $eati' i a )hair

(&4ped &p ad d"+!

Findings: Chi#dre 8d it ea$ier t" add a)#a&$e at the ed "* a $ete)e tha i

the 4idd#e!

E! The b"y 'a%e the d"' t" the bear +h"i$ h"#di' the +a'"!


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+,-ect .ap Relative Clauses 6re'ard#e$$ "* +hether they appear i ri'ht.bra)hi' "r a )eter.e4bedded p"$iti"!

N"& phra$e: ;the h"r$e that the b"y r"de-6 4i$$i' a dire)t "b(e)t )a##ed "b(e)t 'apre#ati%e )#a&$e!

Su-ect) .ap Relative Clauses 6 th"$ethat 'ap i the p"$iti" "* the $&b(e)tEa4p#e: ;the +a#r&$ that i$ ti),#i' theebra-

Classifcation on the basis ocontaining a gap inside o RC:


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ote:

St&die$ $h"+ the $a4e re$t +B)

4irr"red the 'ra44ati)a# patter$"b$er%ed i #a'&a'e$ "* the +"r#d:

N" #a'&a'e $ee4$ t" ha%e "b(e)t.'apre#ati%e )#a&$e$ &#e$$ it ha$ a#$" $&b(e)t.'ap/ yet 4ay #a'&a'e$ " ha%e$&b(e)t.'ap re#ati%e )#a&$e$!


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2. B!"#$ %& 'R(C&""L!)R(

Aaph"ra

Pri)ip#e$ A/ @/ C

Iterpreti' ;E4pty- S&b(e)t$i I8iti%e C#a&$e$


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Aaph"ra

h"+ di


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PRINCIPLES

'rinciple ): A reKei%e i$ a#+ay$ b"&dt" a re*eret that i$ +ithi the $a4e)#a&$e!

'rinciple B: A aaph"ri) pr""&

)a"t be b"&d t" a re*eret +ithi the$a4e )#a&$e!

0! Whe he )a4e h"4e "h 4ade dier!! He 4ade dier +he "h )a4e h"4e!

0rinciple C: @a),+ard )".re*ere)e i$a##"+ed "#y i* the pr""& i$ i a$&b"rdiate )#a&$e t" the 4ai re*eret!


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C1ien 2 3e4ler5$%%6

A'e / )hi#dre ,e+ Pri)ip#e A b&t4a,e$ err"r "* Pri)ip#e @ 7de#ay "*pri)ip#e @ e


22/28

Interpretin! 7Empty8 Su-ects inIn9nitive Clauses

Si4i#ar i $&r*a)e $tr&)t&re

ohn is eager to please.

ohn is eas+ to please.

"h ? $&b(e)t "*

the )#a&$e ;t"

p#ea$e-

"h ? "b(e)t "* the

)#a&$e $&b(e)t i$

&$pe)i8ed


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Cromer5 $%'

Te$ted )hi#dre &$i' p&ppet$ ad a$,edthe4 t" a)t "&t $ete)e$!

The +"#* i$ '#ad t" bite! The +"#* i$ ea$y t" bite!

@y a'e / d"-t ,"+ +hi)h ad(e)ti%ere&ire$ iterpretati" d"-t rea)h adt#e%e#$ "* per*"r4a)e &ti# a'e 0.00Rea$"$ *"r thi$ i$ "t ,"+ 6 $&''e$t$t" he#p )hi#dre thr& a$,i' the4peri"di)a##y t" a)t thi'$ "&t +ith"&t'i%i' *eedba),


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,. -#"L$/ 0R(('R"C((#/

Gra44ar

0! Map a idea "t" a $ete)e$tr&)t&re that epre$$e$ the idea

! I$ert #ei)a# ite4$ it"

appr"priate part$ "* that $tr&)t&re

5! Utter #ei)a# ite4$ i)"rre)t #e*t.ri'ht "rder


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'attern in s+nta3 4+oung children5:

. year$ 6 )hi#dre pr"d&)ed pa$$i%e$ete)e$ +ith a)ti"a# %erb$ ? reKe)t$I44at&re pr")e$$i' $y$te4$ 7"t ,"+i'the pa$$i%e $tr&)t&re9 "r I44at&re

'ra44ati)a# $y$te4 7"e that ha$ di)ty;8di'- "r a))e$$i' the pa$$i%e $tr&)t&rebe)a&$e it i$ $" i*re&et i E'#i$h9

5 year$ 6 )apab#e "* pr"d&)i' pa$$i%e$ete)e$ depedi' " the#"+e$$Bhi'he$$ "* *re&e)y i the#a'&a'e!


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'attern in s+nta3

4+oung children5:

Te)h"#"'ie$ +ere &$ed t" 4ea$&re

)hi#dre-$ #a'&a'e pr")e$$i' 7eye4"%e4et$ ad patter$ "*e#e)tri)a# a)ti%ity i the brai9 6

Electroencep1alo!rap1y #EE.(


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Language processing responses to semanticallyand syntactically unexpected words:

(Studies done in Adults)

N 6 pr")e$$e$ i%"#%ed i $e4ati)pr")e$$i' ad 4aybe re#ated t" a

#i$teer-$ abi#ity t" predi)t $e4ati)i*"r4ati" ab"&t &p)"4i' +"rd$!

E: I ta,e 4y )"


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Language processing responses to semanticallyand syntactically unexpected words:

(Studies done in Adults)

P 6 pr")e$$e$ i%"#%ed i $yta)ti)pr")e$$i'!

E: The br",er per$&aded t" $e## the $t"),! The d"' ate Ma-$ "* pi)t&re hi$'rad4"ther!7p"$iti%e %"#ta'e deKe)ti" "%er p"$teri"r$)a#p $ite$ that pea,$ appr"i4ate#y 4i##i$e)"d$ a*ter the 8r$t $yta)ti)a##y&epe)ted +"rd9 6 E%et.Re#ated P"tetia#$

7ERP$9

Putting Words Together

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