Regional Imbalances..

Create the Balance..

Administrative boundary..

Administrative Strong BoundaryEconomic Status: transition

stateCultural background: heritage

Resources: abundantAgro based, Industries

Infrastructure:

Sewage, solid waste, electricity

Transport: developing(tourism)River delta region

Sex ratio, literacy rate,gender discrimination..

Regional Delineation??

• Purvanchal is a geographic region of north-central India, which comprises the eastern end of Uttar Pradesh state. It is bounded by Nepal to the north, Bihar state to the east, Bagelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh state to the south, the Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh to the west and the end of Doab (at Allahabad) in Uttar Pradesh to its southwest.

Location: Eastern Uttar Pradesh

• It is bounded by Nepal to the north, Bihar state to the east, Bagelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh state to the south, the Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh to the west and the end of Doab (at Allahabad) in Uttar Pradesh to its southwest.

• Purvanchal comprises chiefly of three divisions: the eastern-Awadhi region in the west, the western-Bhojpuri region in the east and the northern-Baghelkhand region in the south.

Purvanchal includes the districts of Varanasi, Chandoli, Ghazipur, Jaunpur, Mirzapur, Sonbhadra, Sant Ravidas Nagar, Gorakhpur, Kushinagar, Deoria, Azamgarh, Mau, Maharajganj, Basti, Sant Kabir Nagar, Siddharth Nagar, Ballia.

Mayawati government, at the time of reorganisation of the Uttar Pradesh state, formed the Purvanchal Economic Zone and rather arbitrarily included the following non-Purvanchal districts into the zone: Allahabad, Pratapgarh, Kaushambi, Fatehpur, Faizabad, Ambedkar Nagar, Sultanpur, Gonda, Bahraich, Shravasti and Balrampur. (Dec 13th, 2009)

Insight

Delineation of region..

Land Use characteristics:

•It lies on the Indo-Gangetic plain, and together with western Bihar is the most densely populated area in the world. •The rich quality of soil and the high earthworm density in the soil than adjoining districts of U.P. is favourable for agriculture. Most of the countryside is given to intensive agriculture.•The rain fed farming is prominent. Ganga (Jaunpur), Sone (Sonbhadra), Ghaghara, Rapti and Chhoti Gandak (Deoria), Ghagra (Mau), Ghaghara River (Basti) are the major rivers. Paddy, wheat (Chandoli) are the prominent crops.

Formal Region..

Purvanchal Region

Demographic Characteristics:Most of the population is rural in nature. The urbanized regions are due to the cement industries located sparsely in the area. The young generation is more in number, thus the age structure is favourable for development.

Literacy levels are very low (40-55%). Sex ratio is around 960.

Infrastructure: Transport services are not developed. The existing once are in need of renovation (NH28). There is a chance for tourism as the culture (Khushinagar) is strong.

As the region is in transition state, they suffer from problems such as food shortage, bad health conditions, water supply, electricity and other facilities, unemployment, uneven income groups, etc.

…Formal Region

A large population, slow economic growth, agricultural mechanisation, and the closure of sugar mills have led to increased unemployment, social and political discontent, and some unrest in the region. Majority of the people belong to Dalit Samaj. This is what overturns the political strength and interest for this region. Many have tried to separate it from the Uttar Pradesh state. Development Authorities have been proposed for most of the major cities.

…Formal Region

Economic Flows:

• As the transport by rail is developed, the cargo transport is done by this route majorly. Flows of commodities from wholesale dealer to retail dealer take place by railways.

• Roads however are in bad condition. Thus, very less cargo flows through roads.

•Economic cities such as Allahabad, Pratapgarh, Shravasti, Gonda, Balrampur, Fatehpur, etc.

Flows indicating political polarization:

• The Central and State investment in these areas is high due to various reasons. The cultural state of the region brings a lot of revenue and non-profit based investment from the administration.

• Political leaders control the region by submitting their caste agenda. As the context is poor and illiterate, the region has attracted the freeloader politicians.

Functional Region..

Purvanchal Region

Flows indicating the extent of the influence of social services and other flows:

• The number of secondary schools is very less and unevenly distributed. Also other amenities such as the hospitals suffer the same fate.

• Public transport facilities are insufficient. Buses are in bad condition and other types are absent. Other facilities such as the telephone and fax services aren’t developed.

Purvanchal area, as of now, is represented by 23 Members of Parliament to the lower house of Indian Parliament, and 117 legislators in the 403 member Uttar Pradesh state assembly or Vidhan Sabha.

Hence, the region can be delineated based on the principal of homogeneity and with large politically influenced area.

…Functional Region

a) Utilizing Resources in an optimal manner so as to realize the development potential of the region over a given time-frame with minimal negative impacts in order to achieve economic-equity.

b) Securing the planning and equitable distribution of population and economic resources of a country.

c) The task of arranging the available land in a pattern which is most profitable and productive to the region and the country at large.

d) Allocation of certain basic resources to generate economic activity in backward regions for stabilization of their economy by planning an adequate number of medium sized towns and to provide them with services, employment, and social and cultural facilities.

e) Preventing irregular and unhealthy urban expansion.

PROPOSALSA need for regional development..

Purvanchal Region is in a Transitional developmental state. It also, like most other developing regions, pertains to some basic issues and problems. The most important of these are:

• Dual Economy: Purvanchal region is strongly differentiated with respect to the spatial exploitation of known natural resources, human potential with its social and cultural characteristics, level of income, urbanization ratio, and economic activity, particularly in agriculture, or social overhead capital investment. The developing countries are characterized by features of a dual economy i.e. simultaneous existence of some modern and very backward sectors which display different spatial pattern.

• Mass poverty: Mass poverty, connected with heavy unemployment and underemployment of population, is a prevailing feature of this region. The problem must simultaneously be attacked on a regional scale.

CONCLUSIONS..

• Infrastructural development: As a precondition to accelerated growth, Purvanchal region must acquire a certain level of infrastructure in the forms of road, railway & storage facilities, electricity power sources and supply lines, communication networks, water supply facilities etc. This requires early stage development which can be achieved by comprehensive regional development schemes.

• Political interference: Political leaders are, for the greed of a stable political career and corruption, not pushing this region towards development. It’s a grave problem and needs to be addressed immediately.

…PROPOSALS

“India got it independence in 1947 more than 60 years have passed but Purvanchal region of UP and Bihar got nothing change since independence. It is lacking lots of basic amenities like, a good University, good railway connectivity. This region was known for its sugar factory but now everything is in dismay. People may debate by giving the example of Jharkhand but in my views after separation and decentralization of resources and management of these states i.e. Chhattisgarh, Uttarkhand and Jharkhand improved lots. Likewise in Mumbai. The GOI has exploited the resources from all other states, which made Mumbai flourish on cost of other cities and developed maximum infrastructure. As of now, Bihar and UP is exploiting the resources of this region and neglecting this region in all spheres of development.

Thus, small state means development of infrastructure and ultimately development of that region. Chhattisgarh, or Uttarakhand or Jharkhand has poor governance but after separation, the infrastructure of these states improved a lot. Thus, for development of Purvanchal region, a separate Purvanchal state is necessity. By curving out some area from UP & Bihar, it should be created with its capital either at Gorakhpur or Varanasi.”

(Source: Blog of a local Purvanchalite)

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