Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program, Tranche 2

Environmental Assessment Report

Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Project Number: 37231 May 2010

Pakistan: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program, Tranche 2 Prepared by the Government of Punjab, Irrigation and Power Department for the Asian Development Bank (ADB).

The environmental and social impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “Terms of Use” section of this website.

GOVERNMENT OF THE PUNJAB IRRIGATION & POWER DEPARTMENT

PUNJAB IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE INVESTMENT PROGRAM-PIAIP

UPDATING FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR REHABILITATION

AND UPGRADATION OF SULEIMANKI BARRAGE

ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) REPORT

May 2010

NESPAK‐AAB‐ DMC JOINT VENTURE CONSULTANTS FOR PIAIP

National Engineering Services Pakistan (Pvt.) Limited

Development and Management Consultants

AAB (Pvt.) Limited

Updating Feasibility Study for R&U Suleimanki Barrage Environmental & Social Impact Assessment

NESPAK-AAB-DMC i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 PROJECT OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................................... 3 1.4 PORJECT DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................... 4 1.5 PROJECT LOCATION ............................................................................................................... 5 1.6 PROJECT AREA OF INFLUENCE ............................................................................................... 5 1.7 REVIEW OF PREVIOUS STUDIES ............................................................................................. 6 1.8 APPROACHES ADOPTED FOR THE STUDY .............................................................................. 6

CHAPTER 2: LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATION FRAMEWORK POLICY ................................................ 11 2.1 GENERAL .............................................................................................................................. 11 2.2 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS IN PAKISTAN ....................................................................... 11 2.3 NATIONAL CONSERVATION STRATEGY ................................................................................ 11 2.4 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY .................................................................................. 11 2.5 GUIDE LINE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ............................................................... 12 2.6 ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTIONS AND THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES ........................................ 12 2.7 ENVIRONMENT‐RELATED STATUTES ................................................................................... 13 2.8 FIDIC Clauses ........................................................................................................................ 15 2.9 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GUIDELINES ........................................................................... 15 2.10 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS (NEQS) 2000 ..................................... 16 2.11 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS ......................................................................................... 17

CHAPTER 3: THE PROJECT ............................................................................................................ 18 3.1 HISTORY ............................................................................................................................... 18 3.2 EXISTING BARRAGE STRUCTURE .......................................................................................... 18 3.3 THE PROBLEM ...................................................................................................................... 21 3.4 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ............................................................................................ 21 3.5 LABOUR CAMP ..................................................................................................................... 22 3.7 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................. 23 3.8 SOURCE OF MATERIAL ......................................................................................................... 24 3.8 EQUIPMENT AND MACHINERY YARD .................................................................................. 25

CHAPTER 4: BASE LINE CONDITION .............................................................................................. 27 4.1 GENERAL .............................................................................................................................. 27 4.2 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................... 27


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4.3 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................... 45 4.4 SOCIO‐ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ......................................................................................... 54

CHAPTER 5: STUDY OF PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ........................................................................... 74 5.1 NO PROJECT OPTION (WORST CASE SCENARIO OPTION) ................................................... 74 5.2 ADDITION OF NEW BAYS ..................................................................................................... 75 5.3 OPTION 2: PROVISION OF FUSEPLUG WEIR AND FLOOD BYPASS CHANNEL (SELECTED

OPTION FOR DETAIL DESIGN) .............................................................................................. 76 CHAPTER 6: IMPACT ASSESSMENT, MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES ...................... 78 6.1 POTENTIAL IMPACT SOURCES ............................................................................................. 78 6.2 IMPACTS AND MITIGATIION MEASURES ASSOCIATED WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF

THE PROJECT ........................................................................................................................ 78 6.3 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING DESIGN PHASE ....................................... 83 6.4 IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE ........................... 84 6.5 OPERATIONAL AND MANAGEMENT (O&M) PHASE ............................................................ 99

CHAPTER 7: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................. 101 7.1 MITIGATION PLAN ............................................................................................................. 101 7.2 MITIGATION OF ADVERSE IMPACTS AT DESIGN PHASE .................................................... 102 7.3 MITIGATION ADVERSE IMPACT AT CONSTRUCTION PHASE ............................................. 102 7.4 MONITORING PLAN ........................................................................................................... 104 7.5 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT ....................................................................................... 160 7.6 CHANGE MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................... 166 7.7 COMMUNICATION AND DOCUMENTATION ..................................................................... 167 7.8 WASTE DISPOSAL PLAN ..................................................................................................... 171 7.9 ILLUSTRATED TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT .............................................................................. 175 7.10 OUTLINE OF EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND CONTINGENCY PLAN ..................................... 177 7.11 HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT (HSE) PLAN ................................................................ 179 7.12 TREE PLANTATION ............................................................................................................. 180 7.13 BORROW AREAS RESTORATION ........................................................................................ 181 7.14 LAND ACQUISITION PROCEDURE....................................................................................... 181 7.15 RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................................. 182 7.16 TRAINING PLAN.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………182

7.17 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COST ........................................................................... 188

7.18 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..199

CHAPTER 8: PUBLIC CONSULTATION .......................................................................................... 201 8.1 GENERAL ............................................................................................................................ 201 8.2 LEGAL REQUIREMENT FOR PUBLIC CONSULTATION ......................................................... 201 8.3 CONSULTATION METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................... 201


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8.4 OBJECTIVES ACHIEVED WITH THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION .............................................. 202 8.5 CONSULTATION AND DISCUSSION DURING IMPLEMENTATION ....................................... 204

APPENDICES

Appendix 2.1 National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS)

Appendix 3.1 Construction Schedule

Appendix 4.1 Sampling Procedure and Test Results

Appendix 4.2 Water Quality Guidelines and Standards


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List of Figures

Figure-1.1: Project Location Map

Figure-1.2 Overall Environment Study Area Map

Figure-1.3: Suleimanki Barrage Environment Study Area Map

Figure-3.1: Project Layout of Selected Works Scheme

Figure-4.1: Seismic Zoning Map of Pakistan

Figure-4.2: Flood Plan near Suleimanki Barrage

Figure-4.3: Tree Count Falling in Proposed Flood Bypass Channel Map

Figure-7.1: Proposed Traffic Management Map

List of Tables Table-2.1: Effluent Discharge Standards Applicable to the Works

Table-2.2: Gaseous Emission Levels

Table-2.3: Noise Emission Levels

Table-3.1: Source of Raw Material

Table-4.1: Surface Salinity Statistics

Table-4.2: Average River Flows Upstream of the Sulemanki Barrage (MAF

Table-4.3: Peak Discharge of Prominent Years in River Sutlej at Suleimanki Barrage

Table-4.4: Laboratory Analysis Report of Surface Water Samples

Table-4.5: Laboratory Analysis Report of Surface Water Samples (FAO limits

Table-4.6 Groundwater Test Results

Table-4.7: Groundwater Quality for Irrigation Purpose

Table-4.8: Shallow Ground Water Quality within Canal Command Areas

Table-4.9: Settlement Structure

Table-4.10: Religion

Table-4.11: Languages

Table-4.12: Demographic Characteristics

Table-4.13: Age Distribution of Sample Respondents by household Categories

Table-4.14: Households Distribution According to Caste

Table-4.15: Education Level of Sample Population

Table-4.16: Occupation

Table-4.17: Habitation

Table-4.18: Source of Drinking Water

Table-4.19: Source of Light

Table-6.1: Project Evaluation of Environmental Impacts


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Table-7.1: Traffic Survey Conducted at Suleimanki Barrage

Table-7.2: Environmental Monitoring Plan for the Construction Phase

Table-7.3: Environment & Management Cost

Table-8.1: Employment Opportunity at Suleimanki Barrage Rehabilitation Work

Table-8.2: Public Consultation

List of Plates Plate 4.1: A view of Female Participation in Household Relating Task

Plate 4.2: A view of females participation for livestock activities

Plate 4.3: A view of Kacha Affected House

Plate 4.4: Right Side Divide Wall and Fish Ladder Upstream

Plate 4.5: Left Side Divide Wall and Fish Ladder Upstream

Plate 4.6: Fazillka Drain entering Barrage Pond from India

Plate 4.7: Bela Developed in Left Pocket of Pond Area

Plate 4.8: Consultation with Wildlife Staff at Wildlife Public Park

Plate 4.9: Consultation with Fishing Department at Suleimanki Barrage

Plate 5.1 Collected During the Consultation with Wildlife Staff

Plate 5.2 Collected During the Consultation with Fishery Staff


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List of Abbreviation

ADB Asian Development Bank

amsl Above Mean Sea Level

AOI Area of Influence

BOD Biological Oxygen Demand

BC Before Construction

CCA Cultivable Command Area

CMS Conservation of Migratory Species

COD Chemical Oxygen Demand

COSHH Control of Substances Hazardous to Health

DC During Construction

EC Electrical Conductivity

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EMMP Environmental Management & Monitoring Plan

EMP Environmental Management Plan

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

EPAs Environmental Protection Agencies

ESIA Environmental & Social Impact Assessment

FAO Food and Agriculture Organization

GCA Gross Cultivated Area

GoP Government of Punjab

IPD Irrigation and Power Department

LMB Left Marginal Bund

LRE Left Retaining Embankment

IEE Initial Environmental Examination

IWT Indus Water Treaty

M&E Monitoring and Evaluation

NCS National Conservation Strategy

NEQS National Environmental Quality Standards

NOC No-Objection Certificate

O&M Operation and Maintenance

P&D Planning and Development Department

PEPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Act

PEPC Pakistan Environmental Protections Council


NESPAK-AAB-DMC vii

PMO Project Management Office

PPC Pakistan Penal Code

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

RSC Residual Sodium Carbonate

RD Reduced Distance

RMB Right Marginal Bund

RRE Right Retaining Embankment

SAR Sodium Adsorption Ratio

SCARP Salinity Control and Reclamation Project

SEMU Social & Environmental Management Unit

SFA Social Frame Work Agreement

SMO SCARPS Monitoring Organization

SOP Survey of Pakistan

SSOP Soil Survey of Pakistan

TDS Total Dissolved Solids

US-EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

WAPDA Water and Power Development Authority

WHO World Health Organization

WWF Worldwide Fund for Nature


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UNITS AND CONVERSION FACTORS

Length

1 inch = 25.4 millimeters

1 meter = 3.281 ft

1 mile = 1609 meters = 1760 yards = 5280 ft

Area

1 sq. m = 10.76 sq. ft = 1.196 sq. yd

1 hectares = 2.47 Acres = 10,000 sq. m

1 sq. km = 100 hectares

Volume

1 US wet gallon = 0.833 imperial gallon = 3.785 liters

1 US dry gallon = 0.967 imperial gallon = 4.404 liters

1 cu. meters = 35.28 cu. ft


NESPAK-AAB-DMC ES-1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

S-1 Introduction Government of Punjab is planning to undertake the rehabilitation of Punjab Barrages and

improvement and modernization of the irrigation and water management system in the

Punjab Province which involve the rehabilitation and up-gradation of the Sulemanki Barrage.

Governemnt of Punjab is looking for ADB fund for ulemanki Barrage Rehabilitation & Up-

gradation work. The Environmental & Social Impact Assessment study of the proposed

project has been carried out in compliance with Pakistan statutary requirement and Asian

Bank Environment Policy.

Suleimanki Barrage was constructed on Sutlej River during 1924 – 1926 under the Sutlej

Valley Project (SVP). The barrage was designed for 325,000 cusecs discharge. The barrage

is located about 20km (12miles) from Haveli Lakha Town, Tahsil Depalpur, District Okara.

The barrage is about 150km (94miles) from Lahore, the capital of Punjab Province and

about 450km (281miles) from Islamabad, the federal capital. It is situated on Sutlej River

112km (70miles) downstream of Ferozpur Barrage and 184km (115miles) upstream of Islam

Barrage. Three irrigation canals Pakpattan, Fordwah and Eastern Sadiqia Canals are fed

from this barrage. The total canal command area of all the three canals is 2.5 million acres,

which is 9.25% of the total irrigated area of Punjab (27 million acres). The total canals

command area spread over the six districts of Punjab Province Bahawalpour,

Bahawalnagur, Okara, Pakpattan, Vehari and Lodhran. Thus this barrage has considerable

contributions in the agricultural production of Punjab.

In 1960, under the agreement of Indus Water Treaty, India was given the rights of three

eastern rivers water of Ravi, Sutlej and Beas. Consequently upon the construction of dams

and barrages on river Sutlej and Beas; the discharge in Sutlej was reduced significantly.

Ferozepur Barrage on Sutlej River lies in India just before the river enters Pakistan. India

diverts almost all the river water from this barrage to its own irrigation system and the river

reach at Suleimanki in Pakistan is perpetually bone dry for about 10 months of the year. In

order to feed the three canals that off-take from Suleimanki Barrage inter river link canal

Baloki-Suleimanki Link (B.S Link) was constructed with an initial discharge capacity of

15,800 cusecs for delivery into Sutlej River upstream of Suleimanki Barrage. The BS Link

was later remodeled a few times to the current discharge capacity of 25000 cusecs.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC ES-2

Ever since its construction, the structure of Suleimanki Barrage has suffered heavily from

flooding during the monsoon periods. The barrage is about 84 years old now and aging

process together with inadequate/deferred maintenance has also contributed towards

general deterioration of the different components of the Barrage. Irrigation & Power

Department (IPD) engaged National Development Consultants (NDC) in June 1998 for the

safety evaluation of Suleimanki Barrage. The study recommended that rehabilitation of the

barrage be undertaken to ensure safe operation of the barrage. Based on these

recommendations, a Feasibility Study for Rehabilitation & Modernization of the barrage was

conducted and prepared in May 2005. This study is carried out on the basis of the up-dating

of feasibility and detail design of the project. The report updating the previous EIA report and

also address the additional impacts identified during the up-dating feasibility and detail

design of Sulemanki Barrage R&U.

In 2009 with the funding from Asian Development Bank (ADB), the IPD initiated a project

“Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program (PIAIP)”. The consultancy of the project

was awarded to a joint venture of NESPAK, AAB and DMC. One component of PIAIP is

updating of the Feasibility Study and detailed design for the Rehabilitation and Up-gradation

of Suleimanki Barrage.

S-2 Legal and Administration Framework Policy The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act (1997) makes it manadatory the project

proponent to undertake (Initial Environmental Examination) IEE or Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA). For this project it is manadator to prepare and obtain approval of EIA

from EPA under Pak-EPA 1997. The ADB’s Safegaurad Policies also required that

Environmental and Social assessment to be conducted for the project which could have

potentially adverse impacts.

Under ADB Environment Policy, projects are to be categorized in to the three environmental

categories; A, B and C according to significance of the adverse environmental impacts. This

Project has been judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree

and/or significance than those for category A projects. B category is applicable in case of

projects with localized and mitigable impacts. Sulemanki Barrage is not a new mega scale

project. It is a rehabilitation and repair of an already existing structure without causing

change even in storage of water behind the barrage. All impacts shall be local, limited and

mitigable. Such projects according to ADB require an IEE only but the EPA of Pakistan

requires such class B projects to have an EIA. Since the project has to be cleared by EPA


NESPAK-AAB-DMC ES-3

under Environmental Act of 1997, an EIA shall have to be produced for a “B” category

projects to fulfill the local legal requirement. This makes it more responsive to ADB

Safeguards of category A, which by all means is a superior response to ADB Safeguards.

S-3 Project Details and Alternatives The studies of structural and mechanical components of the Barrage have envisaged some

structural and hydrological problem together with mechanical defects. If not corrected, the

consequances could be devestrated with the consequent risk of the faliur of the whole

system. Such a faliur could have catastrophic effect on the economy of the farming

community in the command area, result in changes of morphology of the Sutlej River

resulting into inundation and significant erosion of agriculture land.

The scope of work will include but not be limited to repair the barrage structure including

barrage floor as well as floor extension, enhancing the barrage discharge capacity,

replacement of road bridge deck across the barrage, repair/replacement of regulation gates

gearing and hoisting devices, modernization of barrage structure, installation of new

vibrating wire piezometers and physical removal of the shoals (bela) in the pond area, which

is masking the left half of the barrage.

In order to improve the barrage resistance against the uncontrolled breaches, the

embankments will be strengthened leaving adequate free board against 100 year flood. The

“bela” upstream of the pond area will be partially trimmed to restore the approach conditions

and the capacity of the barrage pond. Upstream and downstream floor of the barrage will be

inspected and necessary repair works will be carried out. In addition, the substrata and voids

underneath the floors will be grouted under pressure. Existing Public Park along the

downstream right guide bank will be further developed under this project.

It is also concluded that the barrage capacity is approximately 100,000 cusecs less than the

100 year return period flood. Two options have been considered to handle the 100 year flood

at Suleimanki Barrage;

Option 1: Addition of six (6) new bays along the right flank of the barrage to increase

the barrage discharge capacity.

Option 2: Provision of a spill channel with a spillway and fuse plug guarded spill weir at

RMB, a road bridge across the spill channel for Haveli Lakha-Sulemanki

Road, level crossing at Pakpattant Canal .


NESPAK-AAB-DMC ES-4

Neither of these options has any significant or permanent adverse environmental impact and

both options qualify for execution from the environmental point of view. However, option 1

was rejected on technical basis and option 2 has been recommended in the updating

feasibility study for detailed design and implementation.

The project construction acitivities will be completed in three years in such a way that the

river flows will not intrupted in the construction phase. The canal gate repair work will be

undertaken during annual 3 weeks canal closure period. Alternative arrangement will be

provided at Pakpattan Canal during the construction of spillway to maintain the canal supply.

Therefore no extended canal closure will require for the project.

S-4 Environmental Baseline Condition Baseline Conditions of the project area have been established through the data collected

from the field and unstructured interaction with the local community and officials from varies

department. Previous studies (secondary data) have also used in the development of the

baseline. The report covers the prevailing physical, biological and social environmt of the

area. The information utilized for the EIA obtained by using GIS technology, stakeholder

consultation including Wildlife, Fishery Department etc field visits carried out by the

environment team and laboratory based testing of the physical environmental parameters.

The objectives of the these consultation were to explaine the project intervention and their

potentioal impacts to the local people and also share the mitigation measures with the local

community and to promote among these communities a genral good will towards the project.

The IPD land available in the close vicinity of the Project site would be utilized for

Contractor’s facilities and consultant’s offices and residences. The river water is mainly used

for agricultural purpose. Groundwater is the major source of drinking water for the local

community. It is very important to protect the water sources during the construction phase

from accidental spills of diesel or any chemical, as any spill could percolate to the

groundwater through the sandy stratum at site. Surface water testing at the barrage

indicates that the river water does not meet the WHO standards and is not fit for human

consumption. But the water does meet the NEQS level and FAO standards for agriculture

purposes and fit for irrigation and recreational purpose. Groundwater samples were collected

and tested from the existing hand pump at the barrage and found unsatisfactory for drinking.

It is concluded from the test results that if the groundwater is to be used for the water supply

in the Labour Camp then it is the responsibility of the Contractor to abstract water from

sufficient depth and confirm that it meets the WHO standards.


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It was found from ambient air quality monitoring that air is reasonably clean at present as all

the monitored parameters are within the limits of NEQS level. The climate of the area is arid

characterized by long hot summer and short mild winter. Wind speed varies significantly over

the year. Peak values were recorded during May during year 2007. The typical wind

direction is south to north in most of the part of the year.

The barrage pond area provides the habitat of water fowl and many migrating birds visit the

site during winter, while the left guide bank is a habitat of mammals including blue bull, hog

dear and local birds e.g. peacock and partridge. Fish ladders are provided along both the

divide walls at Suleimanki Barrage. Both the fish ladders are in working condition. However

there is significant amount of vegetation and silt deposit found at the upstream end of the

fish ladders, which obstructs the fish movement and need to be removed.

The Socio Economic Survey was conducted with the objectives to assess prevailing socio-

economic conditions of the related communities and to predict the effects of the proposed

different alternatives of rehabilitation works. Simple Random Sampling Technique was used

to draw representative sample. The average household size is 6.3 and the sex ratio (female:

male) is 100:107. There are 5 Primary, 2 Middle and 1 High School for boys, 4 Primary, 1

Middle School and 1 High School for girls found in the area. The average literacy level of the

area is 47%. It was found that 77% of the household engaged in agriculture. It was found

that 100% of the respondent speak Punjabi language and carry Islam as a religion. The

major castes of the area are Maher and Watto. Rice, Wheat and Cotton are the most popular

crops cultivated in the study area. Females participation for the betterment of the family is

more as compared with the males. In fact, rural women in the study area work 14 hours a

day. Women participate in agriculture activities such as sowing, hoeing, harvesting,

threshing, storage of crops and feeding the livestock.

S-5 Potential Impacts, Mitigation Measures and EMP The environmental and social impact assessment was carried out and it was revealed that

the project activities will not cause any significant disturbance and inconvenience to local

community and natural environment of the area. Construction related impacts such as air

pollution, noise etc will be mitigated by the implementation of the EMP. All the solid waste

and wastewater generated from the project activities and labour camp should be disposed of

according to the waste disposal plan, which is a component of the EMP. About 309 numbers

of trees, mainly Sufaida (Eucalyptus Camaldulensis) will require uprooting for the

construction of flood bypass channel. This will be compensating by planting minimum 1550


NESPAK-AAB-DMC ES-6

new trees in the surrounding area of the proposed flood channel. On the other hand the

development of lake in the existing public park will enhance the environment condition of the

area

During construction, the Contactor’s work force is expected to be largely from the local

population, which will enhance the economic opportunities for the locals of working age

group. The improvement in existing Public Park is also recommended to enhance the

biodiversity of the project area. This will also raise the aesthetic value of the area and attract

more visitors.

Socioeconomic conditions of the project area will generally be positively impacted due to the

project implementation. The few negative impacts will be insignificant impacts. 11 houses

will be require to re-locate from the RMB, fall in the work area. Resettlement Action Plan will

be prepared and submitted under separate cover. No any private land acquisition involve for

the construction of the spillway channel and rehabilitation of barrage components. The land

nominated for the batching plant and labour camp as shown in the figure 1.3 will be arranged

by IPD. Further enhance the project acceptance by the locals, some socioeconomic

development schemes for the improvement of education, health, employment, infrastructure

facilities etc should be included in the project.

The total estimated cost of the implementation of the EMP is Rs. 25.1 Million ($. 295,298).

S-6 Conclusion The potential impacts of the project are associated with only the construction phase of the

project and all of these impacts are temporary and reversible in nature. These impacts can

be mitigated through the proper implementation of the EMP. Therefore it is concluded that

the project is environmentally friendly, financially viable, economically sustainable,

genderally neutral and pro-poverty alleviation.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 1

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL

The province of Punjab is only one fourth of the total area of Pakistan yet its fertile land

yields more than 50% of the total national agricultural produce. One of the reasons for such

high agricultural production is the efficient use of water resources through Punjab’s irrigation

network. Punjab irrigation network comprises of 24 canal fed by 14 barrages/Barrage and 9

major inter-river link canals, irrigating more than 27 million acres of land. There are two

barrages on Sutlej River, Suleimanki and Islam Barrage. Suleimanki is the first barrage on

Sutlej after this river enters into Pakistan. Major part of the Left Marginal Bank virtually forms

the international boundary between Pakistan and India.

Pakpattan Canal with a design discharge of 6,594 cusecs at head, off-takes from the right

flank; and Sadiqia and Fordwah Canals with designed discharges of 6,080 cusecs and 3,366

cusecs respectively, off-take from left bank of the river. Sadiqia and Fordwah irrigate

Bahawalnagar and Bahawalpur districts. Pakpattan Canal irrigates the land in the districts of

Pakpattan, Okara, Vehari and Lodhran. The total canal command area (CCA) of all three

canals is approximately 2.5 millions acres, which is about 9% of the 27 millions acres of the

total area irrigated area of Punjab Province. Thus, the barrage contributes valuable 9% of

the agricultural production of Punjab.

Ferozepur Barrage on Sutlej River lies in India just before the river enters Pakistan. India

diverts almost all the river water from this barrage to its own irrigation system and the river

reach at Suleimanki in Pakistan is perpetually bone dry for about 10 months of the year. In

order to feed the three canals that off-take from Suleimanki Barrage inter river link canal

Baloki-Suleimanki Link (B.S Link) was constructed with an initial discharge capacity of

15,800 cusecs for delivery into Sutlej River upstream of Suleimanki Barrage. The BS Link

was later remodeled a few times to the current discharge capacity of 25000 cusecs. The

barrage is located about 20km (12miles) from Haveli Lakha Town, Tahsil Depalpur, District

Okara. It is situated on Sutlej River 112km (70miles) downstream of Ferozpur Barrage and

184km (115miles) upstream of Islam Barrage. The barrage is about 150km (94miles) from

Lahore, the capital of Punjab Province and about 450km (281miles) from Islamabad, the

federal capital.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 2

1.2 BACKGROUND

Suleimanki Barrage was constructed during 1924-1926 on Sutlej River under the Sutlej

Valley Project (SVP). The barrage feeds Pakpattan, Fordwah and Eastern Sadiaqa Canals.

The barrage was formally commissioned on April 12, 1926. The barrage was designed for

325,000 cusecs discharge. Sadiqia and Fordwah Canals commenced water supply on 1st

May 1926 and Pakpattan Canal on 1st June 1926.

Ever since its construction, the structure of Suleimanki Barrage has suffered heavily from

flooding during the monsoon periods. The barrage is about 84 years old now and aging

process together with inadequate/deferred maintenance has also contributed towards

general deterioration of the different components of the Barrage. Irrigation & Power

Department (IPD) engaged National Development Consultants (NDC) in June 1998 for the

safety evaluation of Suleimanki Barrage. The study recommended that rehabilitation of the

barrage be undertaken to ensure safe operation of the barrage. Based on these

recommendations, IPD awarded the work of carrying out Feasibility Study for Rehabilitation

& Modernization of the barrage to the joint venture (JV) of NDC and NESPAK in association

with ATKINS of UK, called Punjab Barrages Consultants (PBC). The Consultants submitted

the Feasibility Study Report in May 2005.

In 1960, under the agreement of Indus Water Treaty, India was given the rights of three

eastern rivers water of Ravi, Sutlej and Beas. Consequently upon the construction of

Bhakra/Nangal Dam on river Sutlej and Pandoh & Pong Dam on Beas; the discharge in

Sutlej was reduced significantly. The Ferozepur Barrage built in India on Sutlej River

immediately before the river enters Pakistan, stops almost all the water and the river remains

bone dry for about 10 months of the year. This forced Pakistan to carry a significant amount

of works for transporting water from western rivers through link canals to feed the canals off

taking from the eastern river. Inter-river link canal Baloki-Suleimanki Link (B.S Link) off-

taking from Ravi River at Balloki barrage was constructed with a discharge of 15,800 cusecs

to be delivered upstream of Suleimanki in 1958. The canal was later remodeled for a

discharge of 18,500 cusecs, again to 22,000 cusecs and finally to 25000 cusecs.

Historic discharge data of the Sutlej River at Suleimanki Barrage from 1922-2008 indicates

that the flood discharge in the river exceeded the designed capacity of the barrage four

times; in 1947 (325,000 cfs), 1950 (332,000 cfs), 1955 (597,000 cfs) and 1988 (499,000 cfs).


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 3

Number of controlled and uncontrolled breaches occurred in 1988 in both the left and right

marginal bunds.

1.3 PROJECT OBJECTIVE

Since signing of the IWT in 1960, India has construction two storage dams on Sutlej River

and almost all of the flows of the river, except the floods that cannot be stored in the dams,

are being used in India. The construction of storage dams in India has significantly reduced

the flood discharges in the river. However, the flood of 1988 has somewhat signified that the

storage capacity of eastern rivers barrages are not enough for significant mitigation or

synchronization of high flows of the rivers and its tributaries

Most of the 14 barrages in Punjab are now more than 80 years old and are in acute distress

owing to aging, design deficiencies, constructional defects, hydraulic and mechanical

problems, inadequate operation and maintenance, and drastic changes in river morphology

as a result of the implementation of the IWT. During the recent past several serious

damages have also been reported. Serious damage to any of these barrages resulting in an

interruption of irrigation supplies can have disastrous implications on the country’s economy

and the population of the area. The rehabilitation and modernization of these barrages has

therefore been considered by the Government as an urgent necessity.

This project aims to modernize water resources and irrigation infrastructure at the Sulemanki

Headwork. Because of the very low negligible flows during non-monsoon period

(approximately 10 months of the year) the morphology of the river channel has drastically

changed and there is general aggradation in the main stream due to sand drifting. The pond

area of the barrage has also heavily silted up especially in the right half where the high shoal

has come very close to the divide wall. The main problems which need to be addressed in

this project are:

• The barrage capacity is about 100,000 cusecs less than the calculated 100 years

return flood. Increase the barrage capacity or provide the alternative arrangement

e.g. flood bypass channel to handle the 100 years flood at the barrage.

• The oblique approach of the river channel to the barrage and sedimentation

problems in the canals with a consequent reduction in the discharge capacity of the

barrage is an important issue.

• Exceptionally high floods caused heavy damages through breaches in the marginal

bunds because the barrage capacity is considerably less than the 100 years return


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 4

flood. The flood embankments are deficient with respects to the highest flood level of

1988 and need strengthening.

• River training works especially pertaining to pitched island constructed about 4km

upstream of the barrage to keep the river approach straight is not providing the

anticipated results and the main channels strikes the right bank.

• Bela formation and masking upstream of the barrage. This reduce the barrage

capacity.

• The decking of the road bridge has been deteriorated and become risky for present

traffic requirements.

• Repairing / modernization of barrage machinery for the smooth operation of the

barrage.

• Need for the enhancement of barrage capacity for severe floods.

• Need for improving the road communication system.

1.4 PORJECT DESCRIPTION

This Project envisages updating of feasibility and detailed design of rehabilitation and up

gradation works at Sulemanki Barrage. In updating of feasibility study the following two

options were considered and option 2 was recommended for detail design.

Option 1: Increasing Barrage Capacity by Addition of Bays This option requires addition of six bays (360 ft water way) along the right flank of the

barrage. The head regulator of Pakpattan canal will have to be dismantled and new regulator

will have to be constructed. The entire upstream and downstream guide banks along the

right side of the barrage will have to be dismantled and reconstructed at the new location at

the end of the extended portion of the barrage. Part of the public park on the downstream

side will be utilized and made part of the barrage.

Option 2: Proposed Flood Bypass Arrangement Provision of flood bypass arrangement requires Spillway on RMB, level crossing at the

Pakpattan Canal and a Road Bridge on Haveli Lakha-Sulemanki road.

The environmental and social aspects associated with both options are described in detail in

chapter 6 “Study of Project Alternatives”. Option 2 was selected on environmental, social

and technical basis for detail design. The scope of work of selected option includes the

following components:


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 5

• Provision of flood bypass channel, spillway/fuse plug, level crossing at Pakpattan

Canal and a road bridge on Haveli Lakha - Sulemanki Road.

• Repairs of cracks, contact grouting underneath the floors.

• Raising and strengthening of river control embankments and spurs to withstand flood

pressure liable to be exerted on them.

• Installation of instrumentation and control system for uplift pressure monitoring.

• Rehabilitating and upgrading the operational capability of the gates and hoisting

mechanism at the barrage.

• Inspection of the stilling basin and repair or re-design if require.

• Taming of the upstream bela (shoal).

• Improve the existing wildlife park to enhance the aesthetic value and biodiversity of

the area.

A detailed description of the project is included in chapter 3.

1.5 PROJECT LOCATION

The barrage is located at latitude of 30°-33’ North and longitude 73°-52’ East. It is about 12

miles East of Haveli Lakha Town. The barrage is about 70 miles below Ferozepur Barrage

(India) and 115 miles upstream of Islam Barrage. The barrage falls in Tahsil Depalpour,

District Okara. The barrage location is indicated on Figure-1.1. It is connected to other parts

of the country through roads and is about 94 miles from the provincial capital Lahore and

about 281 miles from Islamabad. Other main cities near the barrage include Okara at about

31 miles, Pakpatan at about 37.5 miles and Kasur at about 60 miles.

1.6 PROJECT AREA OF INFLUENCE

The area of project influence referred to as the area of influence (AOI) is the area likely to be

affected by the project, including all its ancillary aspects such as power transmission lines,

pipelines, canals, access roads, waste disposal areas, batching plant and Labour camp as

well as any unplanned developments induced by the project.

The major features of the area and proposed locations of the contractor’s facilities are

indicated on the overall environmental study area map and Sulemanki Barrage environment

map are shown in Figure-1.2 and 1.3 respectively. The map prepared using GIS technology

and satellite image.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 6

1.7 REVIEW OF PREVIOUS STUDIES

The barrage experienced substantial retrogression of up to 6 feet in the very first flood

season, which continued during 1927. The barrage is now 84 years old and in the aging

process and normally the maintenance is either inadequate or deferred. A distorted flow

pattern and an oblique entry into the guide bank zone has put the bed configuration into a

drastic imbalance causing severe masking close to the structure which has contributed to

general deterioration of the barrage. The Irrigation & Power Department (IPD) engaged

National Development Consultants (NDC) in June 1998 for a safety evaluation of Suleimanki

Barrage. This study recommended that rehabilitation of the barrage be undertaken to ensure

its safe operation besides further investigation for sub-surface flow and model study for river

training works. Based on these recommendations, IPD awarded the work of carrying out

Feasibility Study for Rehabilitation & Modernization of the Suleimanki, Tanusa & Khanki

Barrages to the joint venture (JV) of NDC and NESPAK in association with ATKINS of UK

called Punjab Barrages Consultants (PBC). The Consultants submitted the Feasibility Study

Report in May 2005. The study made recommendations to repair the barrage structure

including barrage floor in main weir as well as undersluice section, road bridge deck across

the barrage, regulating gates and hoists, modernize barrage structure, install new vibrating

wire piezometers and physically remove the large bela masking the left half of the barrage in

the pond area. The study also conclude that the barrage capacity is approximately 100,000

cusecs less than the 100 years return flood and need to be raised by redesigning of barrage

or provision of flood escape channel.

1.8 APPROACHES ADOPTED FOR THE STUDY

The environmental and social data were collected and analyzed for the overall

environmental study area. Primary data, including sampling and testing of the physical

environmental parameters were collected during site visits conducted from September 2009

to November 2009. The test results will be included and analyzed in the final EIA at the

completion of the detail design. Secondary data for the overall study area was reclaimed

from other institutions e.g. Wildlife department, Fishery, Irrigation & power department,

SCARPS Monitoring Organization, SEMU and Directorate Land Reclamation etc.

The base line data was developed and analyzed to identify potential environmental impacts

of the Project. A risk based methodology was adopted to identify the high risk activities and

suggest their mitigation measures. Where possible, eliminating the risk by altering the scope

or method of execution of work was preferred rather than minimizing the risk with control


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 7

measures. Public consultations were also undertaken inclusive of gender study, to take into

account the public point of view about the project.

1.9 OBJECTIVE OF THE REPORT

This report comprises the Environmental & Social Impact Assessment (EIA) study of the

project area. Environment Assessment (EA) takes into account of the natural environment

(air, water, land, flora & fauna); human health and safety. This study evaluates the project’s

potential environmental risks and impacts on its areas of influence, planning, designing and

implementation to preventing, minimizing, mitigating or compensating for adverse

environmental impacts and enhancing positive impacts throughout project implementation.

The Social Assessment (SA) has been conducted to evaluate the project’s potential positive

and adverse effects on the affected people and to examine project alternatives where

adverse effects may be significant. The breadth, depth and type of analysis in the social

assessment are proportional to the nature of the project and scale of its potential effects,

positive or adverse, on the affected people. The Socio- Economic Survey was conducted by

an experienced and qualified team of sociologists.

This report updating the previous EIA submitted in 2005 and covering all the impacts

identified during updating fesibility and detail design of the Sulemanki Barrage R&U.

1.10 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT

This report is divided into following chapters.

Chapter # 1 Introduction

Chapter # 2 Legal and Administrative framework policy

Chapter # 3 Project Description

Chapter # 4 Environmental and Social Baseline Conditions

Chapter # 5 Analysis of Alternatives

Chapter # 6 Impact Assessment, Mitigation and Enhancement Measures

Chapter # 7 Environmental Management Plan

Chapter # 8 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 8

Figure 1.1 Project Location Map


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 9

Figure 1.2: Overall Environment Study Area Map


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 10

Figure 1.3: Suleimanki Barrage Environment Study Area Map


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 11

CHAPTER 2: LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATION FRAMEWORK POLICY

2.1 GENERAL

This chapter provides an overview of the policy framework and national legislation and

international obligations that apply to the proposed Project. The Project is expected to

comply with all national legislations and Asian Bank Safeguards Polices relating to

environmental and social issues, and to obtain all regulatory clearances required.

2.2 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS IN PAKISTAN

Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 is the primary legislation which applies in

Environmental Assessment studies in Pakistan. Under section 12 of the Act a project falling

under any category specified in Schedule II (SRO 339(1)/2000) require the proponent to file an

EIA with the concerned Environmental Agency, which in case of Sulemanki Barrage is EPA

Punjab.

2.3 NATIONAL CONSERVATION STRATEGY

The Pakistan National Conservation Strategy (NCS) was approved by federal cabinet in

March 1992 and is the principle policy document on environmental issues in the country. The

NCS outlines the country’s primary approaches towards encouraging sustainable

development, conserving natural resources and managing resources. The NCS has 68

specific programmers in 14 core areas in which policy intervention is considered crucial for

the preservation of Pakistan’s natural and physical environment. The core areas that are

relevant in the context of the proposed Project are pollution prevention and abatement,

conserving biodiversity and preservation of cultural heritage.

2.4 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

The National Environmental Policy provides an overarching framework for addressing the

environmental issues facing-Pakistan, Particularly pollution of fresh water bodies and coastal

waters, air pollution, lack of proper waste management, deforestation, loss of biodiversity,

desertification, natural disasters and climate change. It also gives directions for addressing

the cross sectoral issues as well as the underlying causes of environmental degradation and

meeting international obligations. The policy provides broad guidelines to the Federal


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 12

Government, Provincial Government, Federally Administrated Territories and Local

Government for addressing environmental concerns and ensuring effective management of

their environmental resources.

2.5 GUIDE LINE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

The Pak-EPA has published a set of environmental guidelines for conducting environmental

assessments and the environmental management of different types of development projects.

The guidelines relevant to the proposed Project are listed below:

2.5.1 Guidelines for the Preparation and Review of Environmental Reports, Pakistan

Environmental Protection Agency, 1997 The guidelines, targeted at project proponents, specify:

• The nature of the information to be included in environmental reports

• The minimum qualification of the EIA conductors appointed

• The need to incorporate suitable mitigation measures at every stage or project

implementation

• The need to specify monitoring procedures

The report must contain baseline data relating to the project area, an interpretation of the

data and mitigation measures.

2.5.2 Guidelines of Public Consultation, Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency, May, 1997

These guidelines deal with possible approaches to public consultation and techniques for

designing an effective program of consultation that reaches out to all major stakeholders and

ensure their concerns are incorporated in any impact assessment study.

2.6 ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTIONS AND THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES

i. Provincial EPA

The IPD will be responsible for providing the complete environmental documentation

required by the provincial EPA and remain committed to the approved project design. No

deviation is permitted during project implementation without the prior and explicit permission

of the EPA.

ii. Provincial Departments of Forestry and Wildlife

The rehabilitation works are expected to involve some clearing of vegetation that exist on

IPD’s land where labour camp and batching plant are to be constructed. Widening and

strengthening of the embankments may also involve uprooting of trees. The contractor will


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 13

inform formally to the Punjab Forest Department and IPD, even if these trees fall in the area

of IPD before undertake any cutting/uprooting.

iii. Local Government and Municipalities The IPD and its contractors must ensure that the project meets the criteria of district

governments as related to the establishment of construction camps and plants, and the safe

disposal of wastewater, solid waste, and toxic materials. The IPD will coordinate and monitor

environment-related issues.

iv. Social & Environmental Management Unit (SEMU)

Irrigation and Power Department (IPD), Government of Punjab under Punjab Irrigation and

Drainage Authority (PIDA) established the Social and Environmental Management Unit

(SEMU) in December 2006 to enable it to address the environmental and social issues in a

timely and effective manner during operation, maintenance, rehabilitation, construction of

new canals and drains etc. SEMU could be involved as an independent environmental

monitoring organization during construction phase of this Project.

2.7 ENVIRONMENT-RELATED STATUTES

This section outlines statutes apart from the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997,

which are relevant to the project.

• The Forest Act, 1927 (and Provincial Acts and Rules) The Act, inter alia, deals with the matters related with protection and conservation of natural

vegetation/habitats. In that regard it empowers the concerned agency to declare protected

and reserved forest areas and maintaining these. In spite of the fact that it recognizes the

right of people for access to the natural resources for their household use, it prohibits

unlawful cutting of trees and other vegetation. Cutting trees will require for provision of flood

bypass channel and strengthening the embankments work in this Project. The permission is

required prior to undertake any tree cutting from the area under the charge of Forest

Department of Punjab province. The tree belts along canal sides are protected Forest under

the Forest Act 1927 and are managed under Canal Side Plantation Rules 1960.

• Government of Punjab, Forestry, Wildlife, Fisheries and Tourism Department (Notification No. FOFT (EXT) VIII. 17/96 Dated 1998

In Punjab, should the number of trees to be felled for a project exceed 100, or if the project

falls within the jurisdiction of more than one district, a committee comprising the


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 14

Commissioner of the division covering the districts, the Conservator of Forests, and the

Superintending Engineer of the IPD must accord their approval.

• Provincial Wildlife (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management) Act, Ordinances and Rules

In addition to empowering provincial wildlife department to establish game reserves, parks,

and wildlife sanctuaries, these acts regulate the hunting and disturbance of wildlife. This law

Will help in eliminating any tresspassing into Protected Areas.

• Antiquities Act, 1975 The Antiquities Act relates to the protection, preservation and conservation of

archaeological/historical sites and monuments. There are no archeological sites or cultural

heritage site inside or near the project area. Nevertheless if there is chance find during the

construction phase this law would provide due guidance.

• Provincial Local Government Ordinances, 2001 These ordinances, issued following the devolution process, establish regulations for land

use, conservation of natural vegetation, air, water, and land pollution, the disposal of solid

waste and wastewater effluents, as well as matters related to public health and safety. This

law will help as and when a participatory management of irrigation system becomes the

order of the day.

• Factories Act, 1934 The clauses relevant to the project are those that are related with the health, safety and

welfare of workers, disposal of solid waste and effluent, and damage to private and public

property. The Factories Act also provides regulations for handling and disposing of toxic and

hazardous materials. There are no factories / industries inside or around the Project area.

However, indirectly the factories and industries contributing pollution into Ravi and Sutlej

rivers become a matter of concern for water behind the rehabilitated Sulemanki Barrage.

• Land Acquisition Act 1894

Land Acquisition Act (LAA), 1894 is the primary law governing land acquisition in Pakistan.

For the acquisition of land, the above-mentioned Act, rules and regulations are followed

whether the acquisition is for Government of Punjab or any other agency. Up to this stage no

permanent land acquisition has been anticipated in the design of the project. Should there

be a need for temporary acquisition, this law would be of help.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 15

2.8 FIDIC CLAUSES

The size and nature of the work to be undertaken for rehabilitation and modernization of

Sulemanki Barrage is such that it is expected to involve international contractor therefore

following FIDIC clauses have been considered to address the environmental aspects of the

project:

Clause 8.2 Site operation and methods of construction

Clause 19.1 Safety, security of environment in general

Clause 27.1 Fossils

Clause 42.1 Possession of site and access thereto

Clause 42.2 Right of ways and facilities in the project area

2.9 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GUIDELINES

The Asian Development Bank’s Environmental Safeguard Policy requires that environmental

considerations be incorporated in to ADB operations to ensure that the project will have

minimal environmental impact and be environmentally sound.

The following guidelines shall be adopted:

• Environmental Category According to ADB Environment Policy, projects are to be categorized in to the following

environmental categories; A, B, or C as given in the table below. At any stage the category

can be changed with the approval of the chief compliance officer if further studies and

investigations reveal that the projects potential impacts are worse, minimal or negligible.

ADB Environmental Categories

Category A:

“Projects with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts.”

This is applicable in case maga projects causing global or at least regional impacts. This

types of project require a first class EIA to be produced and implemented. This category

consider with Category A of the EPA 1997.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 16

Category B: “Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and/or

significance than those for category A projects.”

Category C:

Projects unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts.

Category B is applicable in case of projects with localized and mitigable impacts. Sulemanki

Barrage is not a new mega scale project. It is a rehabilitation and repair of an already

existing structure without causing change even in storage of water behind the barrage. All

impacts shall be local, limited and mitigable. Such projects according to ADB require an IEE

only but the EPA requires such class B projects to have an EIA. Since the project has to be

cleared by EPD under Environmental Act of 1997, as an EIA shall have to be produced for a

“B” category projects to fulfill the local legal requirement. That makes it responsive to ADB

Safeguards of category A, which by all means is a superior response to ADB Safeguards.

2.10 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS (NEQS) 2000 The NEQS 2000 of EPA under Environmental Protection Act 1997 specify the following

standards:

1 Maximum allowable concentration of the Pollutants, (32 parameters) in emission and

liquid industrial effluents discharge to inland water.

2. Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (two parameters) in gaseous

emission from vehicle exhaust and noise emission from vehicles.

3. Maximum allowable noise level from vehicles

These standards apply to the gaseous emission and liquid effluents discharged by batching

plants, campsite and construction machinery. The standards for vehicles will apply during

the construction as well as operation phase of the project. Precise standards for air quality

are not available under NEQS, 2000. The National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS)

2000 is included in Appendix 2.1.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 17

2.11 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS

Pakistan is signatory to a number of International Conventions, Protocols and

Understandings relating to the environment. Those relevant to the project are described in

the following paragraphs.

• Convention on Biological Diversity The Convention of Biological Diversity was the outcome of the “Earth Summit” held in Rio-

de-Janeiro in 1992. The Convention binds the signatories to respect, protect and conserve

the earth environment and bio-diversity through sustainable use of natural resources. In all

development projects in Pakistan the protocols of this convention are respected in letter and

spirit.

• Ramsar Convention The Convention on Wetland of International Importance, especially as Waterfowl Habitats

held in Iran in 1972 at village Ramsar in Iran, places an obligation on the signatories to

protect habitats of migratory waterfowl. Sulemanki Barrage is not a notified Ramsar site but

as additional measures, Ramsar spirit shall be maintained during the construction phase of

the project.

• Bonn Convention The Convention on the conservation of migratory species of wild animals was held in Bonn

in 1979. The Convention broadens the scope of Ramsar to include migratory species other

than water fowl. Not being a Ramsar site, this protocol is not obligatory for Sulemanki

Barrage. But it will be respected during construction phase to the extent that no damage is

caused to habitat of any species.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 18

CHAPTER 3: THE PROJECT 3.1 HISTORY

Suleimanki Headworks located at about 12 miles east of Haveli Lakha Town. The barrage

was constructed near the village Suleimanki during 1924-26 as a component of Sutlej Valley

Project. Soon after its commissioning in 1926, the Barrage experienced substantial

regression, in fact in the very first flood season, which necessitated some modifications and

alternations in 1930. Over the past eighty years or so the Barrage has facilitated an efficient

flow of irrigation water in three major canals; Sadiqia (design discharge: 6080 cusecs) and

Fordwah (design discharge: 3366 cusecs) canals which off take from the left bank and

irrigate areas in Bahawalnagar and Bahawalpur Districts while the Pakpattan Canal (design

discharge 6594 cusecs) off take from the right bank meeting irrigation demands in the area

in Okara, Pakpattan, Vehari and Lodhran Districts. The three canals collectively command

an area of 2.5 million acres. Barrage Engineers opine that ordinarily, barrages like

Suleimanki have an efficient life of about 50 years and beyond which at some point old age

symptoms start showing up.

3.2 EXISTING BARRAGE STRUCTURE

At the time of completion of Barrage structure in 1927 the barrage comprised of:

Waterways

• A main weir consisting of 24 bays of 60ft each with crest level 560ft amsl.

• Right and left pocket, each consisting of 8 bays of 30ft each with crest level 8ft lower

than the main weir i.e. 552ft amsl.

Stilling Basin The stilling basin for both main weir and under sluices is placed at RL 549.0 ft amsl. The

corresponding length for main weir and under sluices is 35 ft and 80 ft respectively. Two

rows of friction blocks of 2 ft high have been provided in the main weir.

Divide Wall There are two divide walls at Suleimanki Barrage separating the central weir from the right

and left undersluices. Both the divide walls are 700 ft (213.36 m) long, which are extending

much beyond the Canal Regulators (Sadiqia Canal along left flank and Pakpattan Canal

along right). The top of the divide wall is 572ft amsl.

Fish Ladder Two fish ladders exist at Suleimanki Barrage along both divide walls. During the course of

floods fish ladders function well and during low flow these remain dry.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 19

Guide Bank The guide banks at Suleimanki Barrage are unique as compared to any other barrage as

they are of converging type. The abutment to abutment width of the barrage is 2223 ft, while

the width between guide banks at the nose is 1600 ft.

Road Bridge Existing Structural Steel Bridge over the barrage is in bad condition and its deck needs

immediate replacement. Structural analysis of this bridge, as carried out during feasibility

design, has revealed that main steel members of the supporting system of the bridge are in

good condition and quite serviceable for future use except the deck.

Canal Head Regulator There are three head regulators of off-taking canals from the barrage namely Pakpattan

Canal, Fordwah Canal and Sadiqia Canal. There are 8 bays in Pakpattan Canal head

regulator, while Sadiqia Canal and Fordwah Canal have 7 and 5 bays respectively. All canal

regulators have 20 ft clear bays separated by 4 ft wide masonry piers. Bifurcating pier

between Fordwah and Sadiqia Canal is 8 ft wide. Masonry arches of the bridges are

supported by these piers. Piers are supported by plain concrete floor, which is locally thicken

at pier locations and serves as foundation support for the pier. The steel gates are rusted

and need immediate repair or replacement.

Flood Retaining Bunds Right and Left Marginal Bunds extending either side to a distance of about 10 miles

upstream of the weir. LMB of the barrage virtually forms the border between Pakistan and

India and controlled by the Pakistan Army and Rangers.

3.2.1 Barrage Components (a) Main Weir

• Design discharge = 325,000 Cusecs

• Total width between the guide wall

• Water way including undersluices

=

=

2223 ft

1920 ft

• Highest flood level upstream (u/s) = RL 572.00

• Highest flood level downstream (d/s) = RL 569.00

• No. of Bays = 24

• Width of each Bay = 60

• Pier thickness = 7 ft

• Crest width = 13.5 ft

• Crest level = RL 560.00


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 20

(b) Left and Right Under sluices

• No of bays : 8+8 = 16

• Width of each bay = 30 ft

• Pier thickness = 5 ft

• Crest level = RL 552

(c) Divide Wall

• Top Level = RL 572

• Top Width = 5 ft

(d) Guide Banks Left Right

• Length U/S (ft) 3500 3500

• Length D/S (ft) 1200 1200

• Top level (RL) 579 579

• Top Width 56 56

• Free Board (ft) 7 7

• Front side slope 2:1 2:1

• Rear side slope 3:1 3:1

(e) Marginal Bund Left Right

• Length (ft) 47,500 63,000

(f) Canal Head Regulator Item CANALS

Pakpattan Sadiqia Fordwah

Capacity (Cusecs) 6594 6200 3465

Crest level RL 559.00 559.00 561.50

Floor RL 552.00 552.00 552.00

Full supply level RL 567.30 567.50 567.50

No. of Bays 8 7 5

Width of each Bay 20 20 20

Pier thickness (ft) 4 4 4

D/S Floor level 555.30 557.50 559.50


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 21

3.3 THE PROBLEM

Suleimanki barrage is now 84 years old and in the aging process along with inadequate or

deferred maintenance has resulted in general deterioration and damages of its different

components like the regulation gates and hoisting equipment. The distorted flow pattern

oblique entry into the guide bank zone has provoked many problems, any further damage to

this barrage can result in colossal losses in the form of total or partial disruption of irrigation

supplies, agricultural crops, loss of government revenue, and rehabilitation cost of

emergency repairs. The barrage has therefore been identified as a structure requiring

repairs.

The wind system, the wooden deck, the road bridge all are at least 83 years old. Though the

brick masonry not showing any apparent sign of deterioration but it needs to be examined

closely and will be appropriately repaired if required. After the Indus Water Treaty, the pond

behind the headworks receives water from B.S. link canal and feed to Eastern Sadiqia,

Fordwah and Pakpattan canals. The water received from B.S. link canal is too little to fully

occupy the whole span of the river and therefore leads to bela formation and reduce the

pond capacity. Plates 3.1 to 3.4 are shown the different components of the barrage.

The results of frequency analysis for the estimated flood peak for the 100 years return period

is 422,000 cusecs but the discharge calculation based on water level gate opening data of

1988 flood shows that 330,000 cusecs passed through the barrage and as reported in FFP

at 2009, a discharge of 100,000 cusecs passed through breaches. Therefore a discharge of

430,000 cusecs has been adopted as design flood for R&U works of the barrage.

Realizing the gravity of the situation of this barrage Punjab Government has given due

attention to Sulemanki Barrage and has included it in the Phase-I program of rehabilitation of

barrages in Punjab.

3.4 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

The project aims to modernize water resources and irrigation infrastructure at the Suleimanki

Barrage. The project is designed to address the following issues:

• The oblique approach of the river channel to the barrage encourages sedimentation

in the Barrage pond and reducing pond capacity is an important issue to address.

• Exceptionally high floods caused heavy damages through breaches in the marginal

bunds because the barrage capacity is less than the 100 years return flood value.

The flood embankments are deficient with respects to the highest flood level of 1988.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 22

• River training works especially pertaining to pitched island constructed about 4km

upstream of the barrage to keep the river approach straight is not providing the

anticipated results and the main channels strikes the right bank.

• The decking of the road bridge has been deteriorated and become risky for present

traffic requirements.

• Repairing / modernization of regulation machinery for the smooth operation of the

barrage.

• Need for the enhancement of barrage capacity for 100 years return flood.

3.4.1 COMPONENTS OF THE PROJECT The works include both Civil and Mechanical/Electrical works. A construction schedule is

included in Appendix 3.1. The components of work are as follows: Civil Works

• Provision of Flood Bypass arrangement, including construction of fuse plug weir,

level crossing at the Pakpattan Canal, Road Bridge on Haveli Lakha-Suleimanki

Barrage road.

• Strengthening of Embankments.

• Grouting the Cavities and Cracks

• Repair the Barrage floor where aggregate has been exposed and floor thickness

reduced

• Trimming / partial removal of the bela.

• Improvement in existing Public Park.

Mechanical/Electrical Works • Repair of Barrage and canal Gates, Installing electric motors for Hoisting System

• Installation of Pressure Monitoring Instruments.

3.5 LABOUR CAMP

It is envisaged that the Project will attract about 1000 skilled/unskilled labour. It should be

ensured that maximum labour arranged locally however the majority of the skilled labour

working on site likely to be migrated from other part of the country. It is a contractor’s

contractual obligation to provide a labour camp and consultant’s and employer offices on

site. The IPD’s land is available for consultant’s and contractor’s offices and officer residence

and no private land will be acquired for this purpose. Private land may require for labour

camp and batching plant. The contractor’s camp and labour camp will be a permanent

structure which could be used by other institutions e.g. irrigation, police, forces etc at the

completion of the Project. The suitable locations for the contractor’s facilities are indicated on


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 23

figure 3.1. The land for the suggested locations for labour camp and batching plant will be

arranged by the IPD.

3.6 WORK BASE AREA

The area near the left guide wall at downstream of barrage can be use as a work base area,

as indicated on figure 3.1. However the available area may not be sufficient for all the plant

and machinery use in the project. Therefore the area could be used as work base for only

those activities undertaken at the barrage. The other option for work base area is on the

Sulemanki-Haveli Lakha road next to the proposed location for batching plant. The area will

be more appropriate to use as work base area for the equipment and machinery involve in

working at the embankments. The Work base area and all the access roads are located

within the IPD’s land therefore no any private land acquisition is anticipated due to the

establishing the work base area and access road. Modification and maintenance of the

surface of the bunds and access roads will be undertaken to ensure the dust free

environment of the area.

3.7 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS

The main type of materials require for the execution of the work are:

3.7.1 Civil Works Concrete Work will include the handling of following material

Cement, Crush, Sand, Plasticizer, Air Entraining Agent, Steel Reinforcement, Epoxy and

Grouting Material. Earthwork will require of handling clay material (soil). The anticipated

quantities of the material require are

Material Units Approximate Quantity Require

Concrete 100 cft 21,393

Stone 100 cft 80,907

Steel 100 kg 51,566

Sheet Piles 100 kg 16,998

Clayey Soil

(Fill Material) 1000 cft 204,951

3.7.2 Electrical/Mechanical Works Generally following material and equipments will be used in electrical/mechanical work in

this project


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 24

Gates, Hoisting Systems, Cable, Electrical Cables, Motors, Gear Box, Welding Material and

Sensors & Other Electronic Devices

3.8 SOURCE OF MATERIAL The common source of the material require for civil work are described in Table-3.1.

Table 3.1: Source of Raw Material

Sr. # Raw Material Availability

Source

1 Earth Material Available locally, borrowed from the lands

temporarily acquired for the purpose.

2 Aggregate Available at many sources, such as:

Quarries at Sakhi Sarwar (240 miles), Margalla Hills

(330 miles) and Sikhanwali (220 miles), Sargodha

(230 miles).

The choice will however will depend upon the quality

and suitability of the rock material of the

construction of the hydraulic structures.

3 Rip-rap material Available from the three locations indicated above.

4 Sand Sand is available in barrage area. At times

contractor may prefer to bring superior quality sand

from other sources too. Final decision will be taken

RE and the contractor jointly.

5 Water for preparation of

concrete

Ample fresh groundwater aquifer is available along

the river. The contractor will install tube well within

IPD land with the agreed location with consultant’s

environmentalist and Project Management Staff.

6 Water for compaction of

embankments

River water can be used for this purpose

7 Cement Portland cement is locally available from the two

factories situated at Daud Khel (340 miles).

However, the cement of other grades is available

within the country for the factories at D.G.Khan (260

miles), Karachi (900 miles), Chakwal (250 miles),

Islamabad (320 miles), Wah (330 mile) etc.

8 Reinforcement steel Available from re-rolling mills at Lahore (130miles).

9 Mechanical parts of the

Gates

Could be manufactured at Heavy Mechanical

Complex at Taxilla (340 miles), Factories at Lahore

(130 miles) and Gujranwala (160 miles) and /or

imported from abroad.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 25

3.8 EQUIPMENT AND MACHINERY YARD

It is envisaged that the following equipments and machineries will be required for

construction activities:-

1. Concrete Batching plant

2. Transit mixer

3. Concrete Pumps

4. Motor Graders

5. Excavators

6. Dozers

7. Dumpers

8. Compaction Roller

9. Water bouzers

10. Crane

11. Transport Buses

12. Front End Loaders

The equipment will be kept in a plant & equipment yard. The suitable site for the yard is

indicated on figure 3.1.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 26

Figure 3.1: Project Layout of Selected Works Scheme


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 27

CHAPTER 4: BASE LINE CONDITION

4.1 GENERAL

The purpose of this chapter is to establish the baseline conditions for the Physical, Biological

and the Social aspects of Environment of the project area. This chapter assesses the extent

of the Area of Influence (AOI) and describes the relevant environmental conditions of the

Study Area. This will assist in impact assessment and suggesting the appropriate mitigation

measures required.

4.2 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

The physical environment includes soil quality, water quality, ambient air quality and climatic

conditions.

4.2.1 Physiography and Soil The major land form units of the area include Active/Recent flood plains, sub recent flood

plains and Piedmont Plains.

Active flood plains are narrow strips along the river and its tributaries. The plains are

inundated almost every year, covered with rich alluvium and are suitable for agriculture. Sub

recent flood plains also called alluvial terraces are depositional and are separated from the

adjoining active flood plains by the river cut bluffs ranging in height from 2m to 10m. The

sediments are called old alluvium and are composed of compact calcareous silty clay.

Piedmont plains develop between the mountain and river. The Piedmont plains of River

Sutlej fall in the Indian Territory. The river rolling down the mountains become active only

when rainfall takes place. It flows down the slopes swiftly. On reaching the foothills, it looses

speed and drops part of the load within the streams, which split into a number of narrow

channels. The gravel, sand and silt thus deposited, form the alluvial fans. The Piedmont

plains, dominated by the alluvial fans, provide good soils and suitable topography for

agriculture.

4.2.1.1 Soil Types The Project area forms a part of the vast Indus plain, which is a part of the Indo-Gangetic

depression. This depression is of a synclinal nature. Synclinorium depression is a fore deep

downward of the Himalayan foreland of variable depth, converted into flat plains by simple


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 28

process of alleviation. The alluvial deposits consist on silty sand to silty clay are underlain by

rocks of Precambrian age i.e. Sandstone.

4.2.1.2 Surface Salinity In the event of extended canal closure the saline area will be most vulnerable area in the

canal commands. Extended canal closure will not be require in this project, however to deal

with any accidental canal closure impacts the saline area in the canal commands are

identified. A study of surface salinity of the canal command areas of Pakpattan Canal,

Fordwah Canal and Sadiqia Canal was undertaken by the SCARPS Monitoring Organisation

(SMO) and presented in their reports references: S&R Publication No. 29, No. 33 and No.

35. The main parameters tested in the field were EC and pH.

SMO arranged auger holes at suitable sites up to 180 cm depth or to the sloughing material

for the study within the canal command area. All the three canals irrigate a considerable

area of Southern Punjab. The canal command areas for Pakpatan Canal, Sadiquia Canal

and Fordwah Canal extend up to 1,058,000 acres, 1,260,000 acres and 474,000 acres

respectively. The percentages of strongly saline (EC > 15ds/m) area found within each canal

command areas are summarized in Table 4.1. Considerable area was identified as strongly

saline within the Fordwah Canal command area.

Table 4.1: Surface Salinity Statistics

Source: SMO reports publication No. 29, 33 and 35

Canal Command

Total

Acreage

Non-Saline Strongly Saline

Acreage Percentage Acreage Percentage

Pakpattan 1,058,330 947,637 90% 1,082 < 1%

Fordwah 474,000 386,537 82% 20,123 4%

Sadiqia 1,260,000 1,083,600 86% 12,600 1%


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 29

4.2.1.3 Seismic Data

Due to the continental plate drift of Indian Plate and Asian Plate, Pakistan has been suffered

from the devastating earthquakes in past. NESPAK has been developed a Seismic Zoning

Map for Pakistan. The whole country is

divided into following 5 zones:

Where “g” is the acceleration due to gravity

Figure 4.1. Seismic Zoning Map of Pakistan

The project area falls within zone 2A as indicated in figure 4.1. Zone 2A represents area of

negligible damage from the earthquake. Design team has been consider the possible

impacts of earthquake on the barrage structure.

4.2.2 Climate No meteorological station is located within the project study area. The data and analysis

provided is based on yearly record from the monitoring station at Okara managed by

Pakistan Metrological Department (PMD). The climate of the area is arid characterized by

long hot summer and short mild winter. The summer extends from April to October.

4.2.2.1 Temperature

The mean temperature ranging between 39oC to 42oC in summer. May and June are the

hottest months during which maximum temperature may rise up to 50oC. The winter lasts

from December to February with minimum temperature ranging from between 2oC to 5oC.

January is the coldest month and chill prevails during the winter when cold wave from

Himalaya, lashes the area.

Seismic

Zone

Peak Horizontal

Ground Acceleration

1 0.05 to 0.08g

2A 0.08 to 0,16g

2B 0.16 to 0.24g

3 0.24 to 0.32g

4 >0.32g


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 30

Average Maximum Monthly Temperatures, Okara (2007)

Average Minimum Monthly Temperatures, Okara (2007)

4.2.2.2 Rainfall & Humidity

The average annual rainfall in the area is 150 to 180mm. Nearly 60% of the Precipitation is

received during July to September whereas the rest is unevenly spread over the remaining

months. On the whole the rainfall is too scant and unreliable to be of any agricultural use.

The general evapo-transpiration is very high and the irrigation requirements are met through

the well organized (weir controlled) canal irrigation system.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 31

The average relative humidity was obtained from the Meteorological Department for Okara

during 2007. Relative Humidity varied between 45% and 85%, peaking during the month of

September.

Average Relative Humidity, Okara (2007)

Average Monthly Rainfall, Okara (2007)

The monthly rainfall varies significantly. The highest rainfall was recorded during the

monsoon months (June and July).


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 32

4.2.2.3 Wind The wind speed significantly varied over the twelve month period. Peak values were

recorded during the month of May while the minimum wind speed occurred in the months of

October and January. The typical wind direction is south to north.

Average Monthly Wind speed, Okara (2007)

4.2.3 Water Quality

4.2.3.1 Surface Water Quality The natural surface water resources of the project area include Sutlej River, the canals

which off-take from the barrage, Pakpattan Canal, Fordwah Canal and Sadiqia Canal, and

the BS Link Canal that has its outfall at the Sutlej River at the RME. The river water

discharge at Ferozpour Barrage by the Indian government is negligible except during the

monsoon period. The design discharge capacity of the canals off take from Sulemanki

Barrage are as follows;

• Pakpattan Canal : 6,594 Cusecs

• Sadiqia Canal : 6,080 Cusecs

• Fordwah Canal : 3,366 Cusecs

The design discharge capacity of the canal brings water from Baloki Barrage to Sulemanki

Barrage (BS Link Canal) is 22,000 Cusecs.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 33

Sutlej River is now a non-perennial river as a result of the diversion of its water by India,

under the Indus Water Treaty of 1960. Presently, its flow constitutes of water mostly

released from the BS Link Canal and occasional releases by India from Ferozpour Barrage,

mostly occurring during high flow season. Pakpattan and Sadiqia canals are perennial

canals where as Fordwah is non-perennial at the barrage. A drain bringing wastewater from

India converges with Sutlej River at about 6 km upstream of the Barrage as shown on

Figure-1.2. The drain called Fazilaka drain in Pakistan and Gandahi drain in India.

4.2.3.2 Hydrological Characterization The average river flows upstream of the Sulemanki Barrage is shown in Table 4.2. Average

flows were determined for the year 1981, 1997, 1998, 1999 and 2000 during the months

between May and October when river flow is significant. This indicates the peak flow usually

occurs in August of due to the the monsoon season in the area.

Table 4.2: Average River Flows Upstream of the Sulemanki Barrage (MAF)

Months Average flow in each year

1981 1997 1998 1999 2000

May 12,930.42 9,756.90 20,064.58 10,869.00 11,422.77

June 13,219.67 6,800.65 18,519.47 13,277.27 11,846.83

July 15,293.45 9,851.71 32,954.42 18,307.52 17,997.13

August 15,408.45 23,083.90 20,320.06 24,385.10 15,445.97

September 12,590.53 22,025.17 29,482.47 17,038.87 13,558.60

October 9,433.23 11,254.42 36,688.97 10,486.23 4,658.94

Following are the salient features of the Sutlej River and Hydrological Regime of Suleimanki

Barrage:-

Beas River joins Sutlej near Harike where India has built a Barrage to take out Rajasthan

Canal. Ferozpur Barrage has been built on Sutlej near Ferozpur (India) to take out Bikaner


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 34

and Eastern Canals. After the Indus Water Treaty, only surplus water of the above two

barrages is allowed to flow down to Suleimanki Barrage.

• Design Capacity of the Barrage = 325,000 Cusecs

• Maximum discharge of pre-construction period a discharge of 249,482 cusecs was

computed from the flood marks existing in the vicinity of proposed weir site in 1920.

4.2.3.3 Flood Record Under Second Flood Protection Sector Project (FPSP-II), flood risk maps for 5 year and 50

year return period were developed for Sutlej River, as indicated in Figure-4.2. This map will

be used to prepare the flood protection plan during construction and project implementation

phase. The historical record of major flood pass through the barrage are summarized in

Table-4.3.

Table 4.3: Peak Discharge of Prominent Years in River Sutlej at Suleimanki Barrage

Years Discharge through weir (Cusecs)

Through Breeches in Flood Embankment

Total (Cusecs)

1942 325,000 Nil 325,000

1943 309,000 Nil 309,000

1947 360,000 Nil 360,000

1950 332,000 Nil 332,000

1955 422,000 175,000 597,000

1988 400,000 100,000 500,000

1995 301,865 Nil 301,865

The most recent flood caused the breaching in LMB and RMB occurred in 1988. According

to the data received from irrigation department a discharge of 500,000 cusecs was received

upstream of Suleimanki Barrage out of which 100,000 cusecs escaped through the breaches

in the marginal bunds and 400,000 cusecs passed through the Barrage with a raised

upstream barrage level. As per report of the Punjab Government 28 people lost their lives,

10,263 cattle heads were lost, about 209 acres of cropped area were damaged during 1988

floods.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 35

The Punjab Irrigation Department generally defines flood limits as low, medium, high, very

high, and exceptionally high at key control points. River Sutlej flood limits revised and fixed

in 1974 by the Punjab Flood Commission for Suleimanki Barrage are given below:

Normal Flood = Up to 50,000 cusecs

Low Flood = 50,000 to 80,000 cusecs

Medium Flood = 80,000 to 120,000 cusecs

High Flood = 120,000 to 175,000 cusecs

Very High Flood = 175,000 to 220,500

Exceptionally High Flood = Above 220,500 cusecs

As per Flood Fighting Plan prepared by the Executive Engineer Suleimanki Barrage (2009) a

list of villages and Abadies likely to be inundated at the event of high flood (cause breaching)

is included in the Plan and listed below:

Villages around the barrage and likely to be inundated at the event of high flood 1 Thakarka Maneki 12 Ghura Ismail Maneki

2 Stia Jhanghar 13 Ghura Mehtab Rai

3 Dharanga 14 Chak Davi Ditta

4 Alika Rohals 15 Bukkan Guddar Ka

5 Rakh Bulewal 16 Boola Chishti

6 Mehtab Garh 17 Rakh Jawaya Baluch

7 Meneka Nikki 18 Kaluwah

8 Gurwala Mehtab Garh 19 Noor Shah

9 Mathila Bhidal 20 Chak Haiderabad

10 Maneki 21 Bareet

11 Mahant Darshan


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 36

Figure 4.2: Flood Plan near Suleimanki Barrage

Legend


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 37

4.2.3.4 Surface Water Testing

To assess baseline conditions of surface water in the project area, three grab samples were

obtained on 11th November 2009. The purpose of the surface water testing is to determine

the suitability of the water for irrigation purposes as well as for drinking. The three locations

were selected are indicated on Figure 4.4. Two of the locations, on Sutlej River, were near

the barrage (left and right undersluice) and one close to the out fall of BS Link Canal. It is

important to monitor water quality at the undersluices as water is diverted from the river into

the canals at that point. The contractor is obligated to ensure that in case of an extended

canal closure, water of comparable quality must be supplied to the areas directly affected by

the closure. Determining the quality of water close to the outfall of the BS Link Canal is

imperative since it is the main source of water in the Sutlej River. The comparison of test

results also indicate the impact of the Fazlika Drain, brings the wastewater from India in the

Sutlej River. Furthermore, during project implementation comparative analysis of water

quality at the site of on-going activities near the barrage and water quality coming in from the

BS Link Canal will assist in establishing the source of any contamination if present.

The samples were collected and tested by an EPA authorized laboratory “SGS Laboratory”.

Standard sampling procedures were followed at each site to ensure the integrity of the

samples collected and validity of test results. The details of sampling procedure and test

results are included in Appendix 4.1.

Results

The test results are summarized in table 4.4. The water quality parameters were compared

against WHO and NEQS levels. The WHO standards strictly adhere to water quality for

drinking purposes and are thus very stringent. Though the canals and river water is largely

used for irrigation, it is used in some areas for drinking purposes. Therefore WHO standards

have been used. The NEQS standards have been drafted for the contamination of water

quality by heavy metals and other industrial toxins.

However, since the water that flows towards the barrage and into the canals that off-take

from it is primarily used for irrigational purposes, the parameters were compared against the

United Nation Organization’s (UNO) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) guidelines for

irrigation livestock and poultry in Table 4.5. These guidelines are included in Appendix 4.2.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 38

Table 4.4: Laboratory Analysis Report of Surface Water Samples Sr. No

Parameter

Unit

Results

WHO

NEQS

Right Under Sluice

(11/11/09)

Left Under Sluice

(11/11/09)

Just after BS link fall into Sutlej River

(11/11/09) 01 Odor - Odorless Odorless Odorless - -

02 pH - 7.12 7.06 6.90 6.5 – 9.5 6 – 9

03 Turbidity NTU 21 22 41 5 -

04 BOD5 mg/l 7 9 10 - 80.00

05 COD mg/l 12 20 21 - 150.00

06 Total Coli Form MPN/100

ml 57 70 23 0 -

07 Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

mg/l 28 30 48 - 200

08 Total Dissolved

Solids (TDS) mg/l 273 280 219 1000 3500

09 Chloride (Cl) mg/l 31.98 34.88 23.26 250 1000

10 Sulphate (SO4) mg/l 34.78 44.86 29.64 250 600

11 Nitrates (NO3) mg/l 1.4 1.7 0.9 50 -

12 Fluoride (F) mg/l 0.33 0.36 0.39 1.50 10.00

13 Ammonia mg/l 0.8 0.91 0.6 1.50 40

14 Grease & Oil mg/l <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 - 10.00

15 Chromium (Cr) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 1.00

16 Copper (Cu) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2.00 1.00

17 Lead (Pb) mg/l 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.50

18 Mercury (Hg) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.001 0.01

19 Selenium (Se) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.010 0.50

20 Nickel (Ni) mg/l <0.01 0.02 0.02 0.020 1.00

21 Silver (Ag) mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 - 1.00

22 Zinc (Zn) mg/l 0.02 0.02 0.02 3.00 5.00

23 Barium (Ba) mg/l <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0.7 1.50

24 Iron (Fe) mg/l 0.54 0.62 0.94 0.3 8.00

25 Manganese

(Mn) mg/l 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.50 1.50

26 Chlorine mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 - 1.00


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 39

Table 4.5: Laboratory Analysis Report of Surface Water Samples (FAO limits)

Sr. No

Parameter

Unit

Results

FAO

Right Under Sluice (11/11/09)

Left Under Sluice (11/11/09)

Just after BS link fall into Sutlej River (11/11/09)

01 Electrical

Conductivity μS 420 438 352 0 - 3000

02 Total Dissolved

Solids (TDS) mg/l 273 280 219 0 – 2000

03 Chloride (Cl) mg/l 31.98 34.88 23.26 0 – 1060

04 Sulphate (SO4) mg/l 34.78 44.86 29.64 0 – 960

05 Nitrates (NO3) mg/l 1.4 1.7 0.9 0 – 10

06

Sodium

Absorption

Ratio (SAR)

meq/l 2.69 2.74 2.09 0 – 15

07 Magnesium mg/l 9.0 9.96 9.37 0 – 60

08 Calcium mg/l 36 36.48 34.56 0 – 400

09 Sodium mg/l 70 72.5 53.75 0 – 910

10 Potassium mg/l 4.9 4.9 4.2 0 – 2

11 Bicarbonates mg/l 150.52 150.52 143.35 0 – 610

12 Carbonates mg/l <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 – 3

Analysis of Results

WHO Standards:

The water quality test results indicate that four parameters exceed WHO standards;

Turbidity, Total Coli Form, Lead and Iron in all three surface water sampling points. The

water is therefore clearly unsuitable for drinking purposes. However, according to the

Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (PAK-EPA) 2003, the maximum limit of E-coil is

126 per 100ml in freshwater for recreational use. The numbers of E-coil in the samples are

less than 126/100ml therefore the river water is fit for recreational use.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 40

FAO Standards:

The water quality testing results were compared with the FAO standards for irrigation water

as shown in Table-4.5. From the salinity point of view, Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) in all

three samples of the surface water was detected within the marginal criteria. Laboratory

results for Electrical Conductivity also showed that it was within the usable range. Almost all

other parameters tested within the defined limits, except for Potassium which exceeded the

limits.

The water quality testing results are consistent with the analysis of River Sutlej carried out by

IPD in 2007 and tabulated in their Annual 2007 report on water quality. 8 water quality

parameters were tested for during the months of December to October 2007 with the

conclusion that water quality of Sutlej remains within the safe limits of FAO standards.

NEQS Standards:

The results have been compared with NEQS 2000 as shown in Table 4.4. All water quality

parameters tested were within the defined ranges set by NEQS.

4.2.3.5 Ground Water Tubewells and hand pumps are the two most common sources of groundwater within the

project area. The Unconfined aquifer can be found as shallow as 3 m depth from the ground

level near the barrage and is mainly used for drinking and agricultural purpose. The aquifer

constitutes of a stratum of loose sand of high permeability.

Groundwater Testing

To assess baseline conditions of ground water in the project area, one sample was obtained

from an existing hand pump at the barrage on 11th November 2009 for analysis. The hand

pump was located near the right guide bank, upstream of the barrage. It has been observed

that the local population uses this water source for drinking and domestic washing by a

nearby restaurant. The sampling point is indicated on Figure-4.1. The approximate depth of

the bore of the hand pump is 10m from ground level.

The sample collected was tested by an EPA authorized laboratory “SGS Laboratory”.

Standard sampling procedures used for surface water sampling were followed for the


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 41

groundwater sample to ensure the integrity of the samples collected and validity of test

results.

Results of Groundwater Testing

The water quality parameters tested for the groundwater sample are summarized in

Table 4.6 and Table 4.7. The parameters were compared against WHO, NEQS and FAO

standards. Since groundwater in the area is used for drinking purposes as well, it is

important to determine the quality of the water in terms of the WHO Guidelines for drinking

water.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 42

Table 4.6: Groundwater Test Results

Sr. No

Parameter Unit

Results

WHO NEQS GW (11/11/09)

1 pH - 7.29 6.5-8.5 6 – 9

2 Odour - Odorless - -

3 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/l 415.0 1000.0 3500

4 Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mg/l 34 - 200

5 Turbidity NTU 27 5.0 -

9 Ammonia mg/l 0.05 1.50 40

10 E-coli No./100ml 39.0 0 -

11 Flouride mg/l 1.2 1.5 10

12 Chloride mg/l 21.0 250.0 1000

13 Chlorine* mg/l < 0.1 - 1.0

14 Oil and Grease mg/l <1.0 - 10

15 Arsenic mg/l <0.005 0.01 1.0

16 Barium mg/l < 0.5 0.7 1.5

17 Chromium mg/l < 0.01 0.05 1.0

18 Cyanide mg/l <0.01 0.07 1.0

19 Sulphate mg/l 35.0 250.0 600

20 Iron mg/l 2.50 0.3 8.0

21 Selenium mg/l < 0.01 0.01 0.5

22 Mercury mg/l < 0.001 0.001 0.01

23 Cadmium mg/l <0.01 0.003 0.1

24 Copper mg/l <0.01 1.0 – 2.0 1.0

25 Lead mg/l 0.02 0.01 0.5

26 Nickel mg/l 0.02 0.02 1.0

27 Silver mg/l <0.1 - 1.0

28 Zinc mg/l <0.01 3.0 5.0

29 Manganese mg/l 0.41 0.5 1.5

30 Color - Pale Yellow - -

31 Sodium mg/l 70 200.0 -

32 Nitrate mg/l 5.30 50.0 -


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 43

Table 4.7 Groundwater Quality for Irrigation Purpose

Sr.

No Parameter Unit

Results FAO Standards

GW (11/11/09)

1 Electrical Conductivity (EC) µS/cm 594 0- 3x105

2 Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) meq/l 1.92 0 – 15 (meq/l)

3 Residual Sodium Carbonate

(RSC) mg/l ND -

4 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/l 415.0 0 – 2000

5 Calcium Hardness mg/l 183.15 -

6 Magnesium Hardness mg/l 66.80 -

7 Magnesium mg/l 16.3 0 – 60

8 Ammonia mg/l 0.05 0 – 5

10 Sulphate mg/l 35.0 0 – 960

11 Sodium mg/l 70 0 – 910

12 Chloride mg/l 21.0 0 – 1060

Analysis of Results

WHO Standards

The suite of contaminants and test results are summarized in Table-4.6. The test results

indicate that the groundwater quality is unsuitable for drinking purposes. 3 parameters,

Lead, Turbidity and Iron exceeded the defined WHO limits for drinking water. It is envisaged

that the higher concentrations of contaminants in shallow groundwater is due to the recharge

of groundwater from contaminated river water. However, groundwater from a higher depth is

likely to achieve the WHO drinking water standards.

FAO Standards

The water quality test results were also compared against FAO standards to determine the

groundwater’s suitability to be used for irrigation as well. The analysis of the single

groundwater sample shows that all parameters necessary for irrigation water are within the

safe FAO limits.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 44

NEQS Standards

The groundwater quality parameters all tested within the safer limits of NEQS standards.

Groundwater Quality in Canal Command Areas

The secondary data for groundwater quality has been collected from the Directorate of Land

Reclamation and SMO offices for canals command areas. The groundwater was classified

on the basis of laboratory analysis arranged by SMO for Electrical Conductivity (EC),

Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) during 2005. For

ease in description, the groundwater has been expressed as usable, marginal and

hazardous for irrigation as determined by the adverse value of any of the above mentioned

three parameters. The classification criteria used is not intended to be strict in relation to the

effects of irrigation waters on soil and crop growth and can be truly adjusted according to

environmental factors such as climate, type of soil, crops grown and management practices.

SMO also carried out testing for pH and EC in the filed by using digital pH and EC meters

and sent all the water samples to the laboratory for detailed chemical analysis. The samples

were analyzed for EC, SAR and RSC. These parameters are used for the classification of

water as usable, marginal and hazardous.

The groundwater quality within the canal command areas are summarized in table 4.8.

Table 4.8: Shallow Ground Water Quality within Canal Command Areas

Command Area of

No. of

Water Samples

Shallow Water Quality

Usable Marginal Hazardous

No. % No. % No. %

Pakpattan 592 393 66 158 27 41 7

Sadiqia 292 131 45 97 33 64 22

Fordwah 600 223 37 169 28 208 35

Source: SMO reports publication No. 29, 33 and 35

The overall shallow ground water quality in Fordwah Canal Command Area when compared

to a survey done in 1977-79 indicates that the usable category of present survey has

Usable Marginal Hazardous

EC x 106 µS/cm 0 – 1500 1500 – 3000 > 3000

RSC (meq/l) 0 – 2.5 2.5 – 5.0 > 5.0

SAR (mg/l) 0 – 10 10 – 18 > 18


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 45

decreased by 16%, whereas marginal and hazardous water quality have increased by 12%

and 4%, respectively. Likewise for Sadiqia, the usable category has decreased by 14% while

the marginal and hazardous have increased by 4% and 10 % respectively, as compared to

the 1977-79 survey. This might be due to heavy pumpage of private tubewells which were

installed and operated by the farmers in the command area to meet with the crop water

requirements of the area. The drought conditions prevailing in the country since 1960 after

the Indus Water Treaty also played role in the deterioration of shallow water quality as fresh

water recharge remained comparatively less than pumpage. No survey in 1977-79 was done

for Pakpattan Canal Command Area.

4.3 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

The existing habitats within the project area include the agricultural land, wetland (including

the reservoir, canal system and small water impoundments) of these the agricultural land

occupied most of the area. The wetland is an important ecological feature of the site and is a

repository to a number of bird’s species. The area is open for shooting under the shooting

permit issued by the Wildlife Department.

4.3.1 Flora The Flora can be divided into two parts:-

• Riverian Tract

• Adjacent Inland Area

Riverian Tract

In riverian tract, especially in pond area the succession of vegetation, first colonizes are

grasses and Typha followed by Tamarix as the soil become consolidated and is raised by

the new silt deposition in the scrub, so that the vegetation is no longer completely

submerged and erect tree growth becomes possible.

As the soil gets stabilized and drained the forest community normally progresses to Acacia

nilotica and Dalbergia sissoo. In its present state, the flora of Riverian Alluvial deposits can

be listed as follows:-

Trees

1. Lai (Tamarix dioca)

2. Pilchi (Tamarix gallica)

3. Babool (Acacia nilotica)

4. Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo)

5. Beri (Zizyphus yujuba)


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 46

6. Jand (Prospis spicigera)

7. Mesqette (Prosopis juliflora)

8. Mesquette (Prosopis glandulosa)

9. Bhen/Poplar (Populus euphratica)

10. Khabbal (Cynodon dactylon)

11. Kanwal (Melolotus oralifolia)

12. Munj (Erianthus munja)

13. Kia (Sacchrum spontaneum)

14. Kunder (Typha elephantine)

Whereas the trees provide a habitat for birds the solid ground below is the houses of

mammals. The margin line of Typha and grasses becomes a good habitat for reptiles while

the fish occupy the adjacent waters.

Adjacent Inland Area

Adjacent area is either on the river banks or on risen parts of the consolidated alluvial

deposits within the pond. The natural flora of inland area is as follows:-

Trees: Salvadora oleoides (Peelo), Prosopis juliflora (Jangli kiker), Tamarix aphylla

(Farash), Dalbergia sisso (Shishm), Acacia nilotica (Kiker), Albizzia lebbec (Sars)

Kiker, Shishm, Sufaida and Tarmail were the main type of trees found along the

embankments.

Shrubs: Calotropis procera (Aik), Prosopis glandulosa (Jangli kiker), Zizyphus

nummularia, Capparis aphylla (Karir),

Herbs: Boerhavia diffusa(Itsit), Fomaria indica (Pitpapra), Carthamus oxycantha

(Pohli), Peganum harmala (Hermal), Alhagi camelorue (Jawann).

Grasses: Cynodom dacylon, (Khabal), Desmostachya bipinnata (Dab), Dicanthium

annulatum (chimber), Sporobolus sp. Imperata cylindrica (Seer).

Exotics Trees in Adjacent Area Near the banks some exotic tree species have been introduced over the time. Some of these

are:-


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 47

1. Mulberry (Morus alba)

2. Bakain (Melia azadarach)

3. Shirin/siris (Albizzia lebeck)

4. Sufaida (Eucalyptus camaldulensis)

5. Ipal ipal (Minosifolia)

6. Burr (Ficus bengalensis)

7. Pipal (Ficus religiosa)

8. Mango (Mangifera indica)

9. Jaman (Eugenia Jambolana)

10. Toot (Moris Alba)

The tree density at the barrage is medium and high along the embankments. Shishm and

kiker are the most common trees found on site. There are total 309 numbers of matured

trees (more than 80% are Sufaida) found within the recommended location of flood bypass

channel, requiring uprooting for the construction activities; Figure-4.3 indicates the tree

counting on site imagery.

Economic Ecological Value of the Flora The above listed flora consist of trees-shrubs-herbs and grasses. The flora on the whole

has following economic and ecological values:

1. Production Value:

Timber, fuel wood and non-timber produce.

2. Protection Values

Soil conservation, wind breaks and protection and habitats for fauna.

3. Environmental Values

Production of oxygen, carbon absorption, cooling of air temperature.

4. Aesthetic Values

Trees as green dimension tool of landscape the other vegetation supplements that.

5. Cultural Values

Various produce available out of the flora shape the habits and culture of the

adjacent population.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 48

6. Strategic Value

Near the project area there is Rangers out post and the scale vegetation on the site

provides camouflage as well as obstacle value to the area.

7. Rehabilitation Value

Succession of vegetation on alluvial soil in the river builds up the soil at advance

stage this process can add more lands to agriculture use.

The total removable trees are 309 which are almost all Eucalyptus. It is inevitable to remove

these trees. Replacement plantations are arranged at alternate sites as given in the

plantation plan in EMP up to 5 plants every one plant uprooted. The estimated cost of a

mature tree of Eucalyptus is Rs.1000. So the total economical value of the uprooted trees is

Rs. 309,000. The Eucalptus tree does not have any positive ecological and environmental

value and is not a recommended plant for new plantation.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 49

Figure 4.3: Tree Count Falling in Proposed Flood Bypass Channel Map


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 50

4.3.2 Terrestrial Fauna The rich Fauna of Sutlej River at Sulemanki Barrage, upstream in the barrage head pond

and downstream in the released waters, is as follows: the data collected from the Wildlife

department and from the EIA study conducted for Islam Barrage Rehabilitation &

Upgradation

Mammals

Species Scientific Name Status Mongoose Herpestes edwardsi Common

Mongoose Herpestes anropunctatous Common

Porcupine Hystrise indica Common

Hedge Hog Hemiechinus spp. Common

Fox Valpes bengalensis Less Common

Jackal Canis aureus Common

Wild Boar Sus scrofa Common

House Rat Rattus rattus Common

Yellow House Bat Scotphilus Common

Hare Lepus nigricollis Common

Nilgai Boselaphus tragocamelus Rare

Hog Deer Axis porcinus Rare

Black Buck Disambiguation Rare

Reptiles & Amphibian Species Scientific Name Status Frogs Common

Toads Common

Marsh crocodiles Crocodylus palustris Now extinct

Sand Boa or Du-muhi Erys Johnii Common

Chequared keel back

Snake

Natrix piscator Common

Dark-bellied marsh Snake Xenochrophis cerasogaster Common

Striped river Snake Enhydris pakistanica Rare

Gecko Hemidactylus Common

Dhaman Ptyas mucosus Rare

Striped Keel back Amphiosma estolata Rare

Indian Cobra Naja naja Common

Indian Monitor Lizard Veranus bengalensis Common

Variety of lizards, krait and

viper

Common


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 51

Turtles – Hard shelled Species Scientific Name Status Common River Turtle Hardella Thurjii Common

Brahminy River Turtle Hardella thurgi Common

Flap Shells Species Scientific Name Status Indian Flapshell Turtle Lissymes punctata Common

Brown River Turtle Kachuga Smithin Common

True Soft Shells Species Scientific Name Status Narrow Headed soft shell

turtle

Chitra indica Rare

Indian soft shelled turtle

(Sunworshippens)

Trionysc gangeticus Rare

Common Tortois Common

4.3.3 Birds The barrage pond area provide the habitat of many rare species of migrating and protected

species of the local birds. Partridge and Peacock are the local protected species of the birds

found in project area. Many rare species of waterfowl also visit this site during winter. The list

of birds is prepared during the consultation of wildlife department.

Species Scientific Name Status

White breasted kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis Common

Pied kingfisher Ceryle rudis Common

Little egret Egretta garryetta Common

Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis Common

Pond heron Areleola grayii Common

Little bittern Ixobrychus minutes Common

Red-vented bulbul Pyenonotus cafer Common

Black drongo Dicrurus macrocercus Common

Rosy starling Sturnus vulgaris Common

Common myna Acridotheres tristis Common

Bank myna Acridotheres ginginianus Common

House crow Corvas splendens Common

Large pied wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis Common


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 52

Ring dove Streptopelia decaocto Common

Little brown dove Streptopelia senegalensis Common

Indian roller Coracias benghalensis Common

Plain prinia Prinia inornata Common

Purple sunbird Nectarinia asiatica Common

Indian robin Saxicoloides fulicata Common

Coppersmith barbest Megalaima rubricapilla Common

Rose-ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri Common

Black-crowned night heron Nycticorax nycticorax Common

Greater coucal Centropus sinensis Common

Asian koel Eudynamys scolopacea Common

Golden-back woodpecker Dinopium javanense Common

Yellow-crowned

woodpecker Dendrocopos mahrattensis Common

Barn owl Tyto alba Common

Spotted owlet Athene brama Common

Blue-rock pigeon Columba livia Common

Yellow-throated sparrow Petronia xanthocollis Common

Sind sparrow Passer pyrrhonotus Common

River tern Sterna aurantia Common

White spoon bill Platalea leucorodia Rare

White tailed plover Vanellus leucurus Rare

Black Winged stilt Himantopus himantopus Common

Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis Common

Common coot Fulica atra Common

Common pochard Aythya ferina Common

Common sand piper Actitis hypaleucus Common

Black Headed goose Anser indicus Rare

Red crested pochard Netta rufina Rare

Tufted duck Aythy fuligula Rare

Pond heron Ardeola Grayti Common

River tern Sterna aurantia Common


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 53

4.3.4 Fish The most important typies of game fish found in Indus valley are Palla (Tenua losa ilisha)

and Mahasheer (Torputitora spp.) which are an exceptional species. But due to construction

of a series of barrages Palla cannot migrate from sea upwards and is almost extinct from

river waters. Upward breeding movement of Mahasheer is also restricted due to barrages.

The data included in this section is collected during the site meeting with the fishing

contractors and visit at the local office of Fisheries Department. Mainly the fish is exported to

big cities like Multan, Lahore, Karachi etc, however small quantity of fish is sold by the

vendors along the road near the barrage. Fishing is not allowed within 500m of the barrage

upstream and downstream. The contractor(s) can go up to 6 to 7 km from both side of the

barrage to catch the fish. Specially designed net (Jal) by the fishermen are the common tool

of catching fish. It has been found that more than 90% of the people live around the barrage

are connected with the fishing industry during the fishing season. The most common type of

fish found at the barrage are Mali, Gulfam, Sangari, Raho, Talapi, Mori and Soul.

Fisheries play a significant role in Pakistan economy and contribute towards full filling the

food requirement of the country. There are also handful numbers of fish shops at the

Barrage where both raw and fried fish are sold. People from the surrounding big cities and

towns i.e. Okara, Kasor, Pakpattan, Depalpour etc visit at the barrage to enjoy the fresh fried

fish during the fishing season. The fishing season commence on October and finish by mid

of February. During off season local people get involve with agricultural work or temporarily

move to the cities to avail money earning opportunities.

Fishes Commonly Found in River Sutlej Upstream and Downstream Sulemanki Barrage Local Name Scientific Name

Daula Channa marulius

Dumbra Labeo rohita

Dumbro Labeo rohita

Gulfam Cyprinus carpio

Khagga Mystus (Mystus) bleekeri (Day)

Khagga Rita rita

Mori Barilius Vagra

Mullee Wallago attu

Rohu Labeo rohita


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 54

Saul Channa marulius (Ham)

Channa striatus (Bloch)

Singhara Mystus (Osteobagrus) seenghala

Singhari Mystus (Osteobagrus) aor

Singhi Heteropneustes fosslis

Theil Catla Catla

Thaila Catla catla

Theili Catla catla

IUCN Status of identified species Status of each species is indicated in column three of the list. No IUCN red list is available

for particular reference to Sulemanki Barrage and surrounding area, however the listed

species have been broadly categorized in IUCN list on global basis as follow;

Endangered: Hog Deer (mammal) and Narrow Headed soft shell turtle (Turtle)

Vulnerable: common River Turtle (Turtle), Gulfam (fish), Singhi (Fish)

All other species are of Least Concern or Not Evaluated in IUCN List

It can be concluded from the above data that as long as there is no drastic change in the

general river habitat there can hardly any impact on Fish habitats. In anyway, the biological

interbalance in the ecosystem is healthy that all minor changes do not cross the limits of

ecological shock absorbers.

4.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

4.4.1 General A survey was carried out to appraise prevailing socio-economic conditions of the related

community in the project areas and to assess the impacts of envisaged rehabilitation and up-

gradation of Sulemanki Barrage on local settlements to cover all the possible options of work

scheme. To achieve the project objectives, it is imperative to study the prevailing socio-

economic and socio cultural aspects of their livelihood. For this purpose a socioeconomic

survey was conducted to assess the socio-economic condition of the people. The study was

completed by December 2009.

4.4.2 Study Area Sulemanki Barrage is located in Tehsil Depalpur, District Okara. Okara derived its name

from a tree known as “OKAAN” which was standing on the embankment of a water tank,


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 55

being maintained by a person” known as ”RANA”. Prior to colonization, that was the only

place for rest and drinking water in an otherwise, barren tract. The Okara district is

composed of three Sub Divisions/Tehsils Okara, Renala Khurd and Depalpur. The Okara

district is bounded by district Faisalabad and Sheikhupura on the north-west where river

Ravi forms the natural boundary for the whole length of Okara district which is about 40

kilometers.

Okara has a wide variety of culture reflecting the traditions and customs of the area. Fairs,

Festivals and Sports Melas (Public congregations) held here. People from different places

visit these fairs. Temporarily shops put up for visitors shopping. Items of entertainment which

attract the people are tent pegging, horse races, donkey race, fight between hounds with a

bear, dog race, cock fighting, wrestling bouts, kabaddi, circus, Theatre, touring cinemas,

volley ball and foot ball matches etc. Folk singers thrill the crowds. All these items are the

sources of enjoyment for all age groups.

Depalpur has a great historic past and is a very ancient town. The fortified town of Depalpur

is built on an old Kashan site (40 A.D. to 172 A.D.). Depalpur fell on the way to Dehli and, as

such, was considered to be a place where an invader could be engaged. Depalpur,

therefore, was one of the 3 lines of defence: the other 2 being Uch Sharif/Multan and

Samana/Sunam and Hansi. (Aaeen-e-Akbari. Vol 1 Part II, Page 1042, by Abul Fazal). Main

castes of the area are Kharrals, Sials, Wattos, Mohars etc. Total area is 2502 sq. Kms.

4.4.3 Data Source/Methodology Findings/conclusion of the present socio-economic study of the Project Area based on

sample survey, discussion and meetings with the stakeholders and published data.

4.4.3.1 Secondary Data

Secondary data was collected from various sources as given below:

• District Population Census Report, 1998

• Provincial Population Census Report of Punjab 1998

• Pakistan 2003 Mouza Statistics (Settled Areas)

4.4.3.2 Primary Data

It was difficult to interview every household from the Project Area as the time and cost

involved in such data collection and analysis was enormous. Thus for the selection of

respondents simple random sampling technique was adopted. According to ADB guidelines,

20percent of the total households residing in the vicinity of Sulemanki Barrage was

calculated to determine the sample.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 56

The sample size was 66 households. Another very important section of the society i.e.

gender analysis was also covered in the study. The numerical reality that women constitute

about half of the total population of Pakistan ideally assigns to them equal participation role

in the economic life of the country. Therefore 46 female respondents were interviewed by

female Sociologist.

Totally 112 questionnaires were filled at different locations in the study area. Among the

respondents 66 were males for household survey and 46 were females for gender survey.

The respondents were from all walks of life having different professional backgrounds.

4.4.3.3. Questionnaire Design

Following Questionnaires were designed and administered for the study:

• Questionnaire for Village Profile

• Questionnaire for Households

• Questionnaire for Gender Analysis

All the questionnaires were pre-tested in the field and required modifications were made

before the initiation of actual survey.

A survey team consisting of three experienced Sociologists was constituted (two males &

one female). Briefing sessions were held for the survey team members to explain the

objectives of the study. Questionnaires were also discussed in detail in the briefing session.

To ensure that each interviewer understood the meaning of each question.

4.4.4 Culture Concept of culture can provide ways of explaining and understanding human behavior, belief

systems, values and ideologies, as well as particular culturally specific personality types.

Culture is the full range of learned human behavior patterns. Culture is a powerful human

tool for survival, but it is a fragile phenomenon. It is constantly changing and easily lost

because it exists only in our minds (Edward B Tyler 1832-1917).

4.4.4.1 Settlement Structure

The information regarding settlements is given in Table 4.9 There are two major types of

settlements in rural study area.

Farm Village

It is the type where farmers are assembled in a village in the center of the farmland of the

mouza/village. They cultivate outlying fields. Table 4.9 reveals that 36 percent, 45 percent

and 55 percent villages have one settlement in Tehsil Depalpur, District Okara and Punjab

province respectively.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 57

Nebulous Farm

This is the type where some of the farmers live in a village and till the surrounding fields,

while other are scattered beyond the village to live on the isolated farms. Data presented in

table 4.1 shows that 63 percent, 53 percent and 42 percent villages comprises more than

one settlements in Tehsil Depalpur, District Okara and Punjab province respectively. About 1

percent, 2 percent and 3 percent mouzas / villages are unpopulated in Tehsil Depalpur

District Okara and Punjab province respectively.

Table 4.9: Settlement Structure

Area

Total Rural Mouzas

Number of Settlements

One 2-3 4-5 6-9 10 & Above

Rural Unpopulated Villages

Nos. % Nos. % Nos. % Nos. % Nos.

% Nos.

%

Depalpur

Tehsil 545 191 36 171 31 126 23 36 7 8 2 7 1

Okara

District 922 410 45 257 28 165 18 57 6 12 1 21 2

Punjab

Province 25394

1387

9 55 5595 22

391

5 15 1041 4 181 1 783 3

Source: Mouza statistics (Settled Areas) Government of Pakistan Statistics Division. Agriculture Census Organization.

4.4.4..2 Religion

Religion is instinctive to man. It is inseparable from human society. Man is only a religious

being. Religion affects human behavior deeply. Religion helps to knit the social values of a

society into cohesive whole. It is the ultimate source of social cohesion. The primary

requirement of society is the common possession of social values by which individuals

control the actions of self and others and through which society is perpetuated. These social

values emanate from religious faith. Religion is the foundation upon which these values rest.

It is religion that asks man to renounce unsocial activities and requires him to accept

limitations upon his wants and desires. All the religions have preached love and non-

violence. They have emphasized sacrifice and forbearance. Table 4.10 shows percentage

distribution of the total population of the study area is 100percent Muslim. They constitute 98

percent in District Okara and 97.70 percent in Punjab Province. Percentage of Christian

population is 1.80 percent in District Okara and 1.90 percent in Punjab Province.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 58

Table 4.10: Religion (Percent)

Area Muslim Christian Hindu Qadiani/AhmadiSchedule Caste

Others

Study

Area 100.0 -- -- -- -- --

Okara

District 98.1 1.8 * 0.1 * *

Punjab

Province 97.7 1.9 0.1 0.2 * 0.1

*Very small number (not significant) Source: i) District Census Report 1998

ii) Provincial Census Report of Punjab Population Census Organization

4.4.4.3 Language

Punjabi language is spoken by 95.7 percent in Okara District. Punjabi is very important

language which is very common in study area. About 3.5 percent individuals are speaking

urdu in Okara District and 4.5 percent in Punjab province as given in Table 4.11.

Table 4.11: Languages (Percent)

Area Urdu Punjabi Sindhi Balochi Pushto Siraiki Others Study

Area -- 100.0 -- -- -- -- --

Okara

District 2.8 96.7 * * 0.2 0.1 0.2

Punjab

Province 2.0 73.6 0.2 0.9 0.9 21.4 1.0

*Very small number (not significant) Source: i) District Census Report ii) Provincial Census Report of Punjab Population Census Organization

4.4.4.4 Baradri

The baradri (brotherhood) is an important aspect of the rural society. Various branches of

baradri may not be living in the same locality. Mostly baradries form on the basis of blood

relation, caste and occupation. Baradri plays an important role in the farm events e.g. birth,

death, marriage etc. in the study area. If a ceremony is done properly it adds prestige to the

baradri and enhances the beauty of the occasion. People of the same baradri usually have

sympathetic feelings for each other. Vartan Bhaji, a custom in which they exchange gifts on

special occasions, is a very common affair of the baradri in the study area. Baradri is a sign


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 59

of solidarity and unity. It is the evidence of an integrated and pleasant social order

relationship.

4.4.5 Demographic Characteristics The demographic characteristics of study area comprising Depalpur Tehsil and comparison

with the statistics of Okara District and Punjab Province are shown in Table 4.12. According

to the 1998 census the population of the Depalpur Tehsil 1.03 million inhabitants. The

annual population growth rate of Depalpur Tehsil Okara district and Punjab province is

estimated as 2.58, 2.42 and 2.64 percent respectively on the basis of intercensal period of

1981-1998. Population is projected by using annual population growth rate of 1981-1998 for

Depalpur Tehsil, Okara District and Punjab Province as given in Table 4.12.

The table indicates that current population is 1.37 million in Depalpur Tehsil. The population

density based on the projected figure for 2009 is calculated as 547 persons per sq.km in

Depalpur Tehsil whereas 666 and 479 persons per sq. km in Okara district and Punjab

province respectively. The population density Depalpur Tehsil and in Okara District is higher

as compared to Punjab Province.

Household size may also effects the economic situation of the household. Bigger household

size may mean more hands to do farm work or non farm work. It can also mean more

mouths to feed. Table No. 4.12 reveals that the average household size 6.8, 6.2, 6.5 and 6.9

in study area, Depalpur Tehsil, Okara District, and Punjab province respectively is almost the

similar. The relative proportion of two sexes in the total population is an important

demographic feature. Sex composition profoundly affects the social and economic behavior

of population. It gives the proportion of males to females and is commonly expressed as the

number of males per 100 females. The male female ratio in the study area (107:100) is

higher as compared to the ratio in Depalpur Tehsil and Okara District.

The dependency ratio of any area have negative effect on socio-economic aspects of life i.e.

especially on per capita income and ultimately on the standard of living. Table 4.12 indicates

that the dependency ratio (63 percent) in the study area is lower as compared rural

population of Depalpur, Okara District and Punjab province.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 60

Table 4.12: Demographic Characteristics

Source: i) District Census Report 1998 ii) Provincial Census Report of Punjab 1998, Population Census Organization

4.4.6 Age Distribution of Respondents Age is another important demographic characteristic which has a bearing on the

employment and mobility. A study of distribution of heads of households by age will throw

some light on the type of strategies which may be helpful in raising their income and

employment. The data about age of household head (respondent) in study area as

presented in Table 4.13. Indicates that relatively more sample respondents fall in age group

of 45-54 years. The average age of sample respondents in Study area is 50 years.

Table.4.13: Age Distribution of Sample Respondents by household Categories

(Percent) Age Group Years Farm

Household Non Farm Household Overall

Upto 24 4 7 04 25-34 4 20 08 35-44 22 13 20 45-54 33 13 29

55-64 23 27 24

65 & above 14 20 15

Source: Sample Survey

Area Area

(Sq.

Kms)

Annual

Growth

Rate

(1998)

Population Populati

on

Density

(2009)

House

-hold

Size

Sex

Ratio

(1998)

Rural

Propor

tion

(2009)

Depende

ncy Ratio

(2009) 1998 2009

Depalpur

Tehsil 2502 2.58 103083

6

136912

3 547 6.2 108.5 79.7 91.0

Okara

District 4377 2.42 223299

2

291404

6 666 6.5 109.6 77.0 90.0

Punjab

Province 20534

4 2.64

736212

90

984288

79 479 6.9 107.0 69.0 87.0

Project

Area -- -- -- -- -- 6.8 107.0 100 63.0


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 61

4.4.7 Caste / Baradries The word caste comes from the Portuguese casta, meaning lineage. The male respondents

belong to different castes. Majority of the sample households (44 percent) belong to Mohar,

30 percent Watoo, 9 percent Kharal, 8 percent Rajpoot family whereas 9percent belong to

other castes like Arain, Dhool, Bhandara etc. as detailed in Table 4.14.

Table 4.14. Households Distribution According to Caste

Sr. No Caste/Baradri Nos. Percent

1 Mohar 29 44

2 Wattoo 20 30

3 Kharal 6 9

4 Rajpoot 5 8

5 Arain 1 1.5

6 Dhool 1 1.5

7 Bhandara 1 1.5

8 Phulerwan 1 1.5

9 Kalia 1 1.5

10 Kumhar 1 1.5

Total 66 100


4.4.8 Disputes And Their Resolution About 23 percent of the households informed that they had disputes with other i.e. land, live

stock, fodder stealing, house, water turn, women and children related and resolved through

Biratheries, Religious Leader, MPAs and at Police Station. While 77percent respondents

revealed that they don’t have any disputes with others.

4.4.9 Education A study of educational status not only provides guidelines to policy makers but also help in

understanding the demographic behavior of the population (Malik 1967). The literacy level is

one of the factors which determine the quality of the human resources. The low percentage

of literacy gives the indication of cultural barriers to the spread or innovations and scientific

methods. The data given in Table 4.15 indicates that the proportions of literate sample

respondents are 47percent in study area. Furthermore literacy rate in the large B farmers (73

percent) is more as compared with all categories of farm size. The literacy level of

respondents of medium, large A and large B farm size is 49 percent, 52 percent and 73

percent respectively, whereas literacy level of non-farm household respondents is


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 62

39percent. Data reveals that an increase in size of holding was found to have positive

impact on the literacy rate.The number of education institutions reflect the status of literacy

and education level in particular area. There are 5 Primary School for boys, 4 Primary

School for girls 2 Middle School for boys and 1 Middle School for girls at villages Nahal

Mahar, Dullayke Mahar, Qasimke Mahar and Basirpur Town. There is also one High School

for boys and one High School for girls in the study area at the distance of 7 km to 23 Kms.

There are 2 Degree Colleges one for boys and one for girls in Basirpur at the distance of

7Kms.

Table 4.15: Education Level of Sample Population (Percent) Literacy

Small Less than 5 Acres

Small B5 to Less than 12.5 Acres

Medium12.5 to Less than 25 Acres

Large A25 to Less than 50 Acres

Large B50 Acres & Above

Non Farm Households

Total

Literate 25 33 49 52 73 39 47

Illiterate 75 67 51 48 27 61 53

Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100


4.4.10 Occupation It is useful to have information about occupational distribution of members of the sample

households. Such information will facilitate better planning and execution of the project. The

rural community in the study area consists of two groups. Farmers and those who are

landless / non farm households. Farmers, who own or lease / encroach land, derive their

living by cultivating the farm land. This community may also supplement the farms income by

raising animals and off farm work. The members of non farm community generally do

agriculture labour, business, services, operating small shops, daily wage work, milk

processing and sales and other services to earn the income to fulfill their living necessities.

They conduct such business in their own village and nearby villages and in urban areas.

About 77 percent and 23 percent of the sample head of households of the area are engaged

in agriculture and non farm activities respectively (Table- 4.16)


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Table 4.16: Occupation (Percent)

Occupation Major Minor I Minor II Agriculture 77 7 --

Labour 15 25 67

Business 2 4 --

Milk Selling -- 39 --

Service 2 21 33

Fish Farm -- 4 --

Black Smith 2 -- --

Grind Mechine

(Chakki)

1 -- --

Imam Masjid 1 -- --

Total 100 100 100 Source: Sample Survey

4.4.11 Habitation Housing facilities of the households reflect their financial position and living standard.

Habitation is identified as a space occupied for develling purposes and is further classified

according to the type of structure into three categories i.e. “pucca”, kacha” and wood. Pucca

houses are constructed with baked bricks/ blocks / stones with cement and concrete

bounded. Kacha houses are made of unbaked bricks / earth bounded whereas wood houses

are made of wood / bamboos. As shown in Table 4.17 the average numbers of rooms per

household are 1.9 and 2.3 in the Okara District and Punjab Province area respectively. The

numbers of rooms in both cases are not sufficient.

Table 4.17: Habitation (Percent)

Wall Material Okara District Punjab Province Overall Rural Overall Rural

Baked Bricks / Blocks /

Stones

51.3 43.7 68.0 58.4

Unbaked Bricks / Earth

Bounded

46.9 54.4 30.4 39.7

Wood / Bamboo 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8

Other 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.1

Rooms per house 1.9 -- 2.3 --

Persons / Rooms 3.4 -- 3.0 -- Source: i) District Census Report 1998

ii) Provincial Census Report of Punjab 1998, Population Census Organization Statistic Division, Government of Pakistan


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 64

4.4.12 Health The population settle on embankment have no proper access to health facilities in the area

and have to travel Nehal Mohar , Basirpur and Haveli Lakha for their treatment at the

distance of 1Km, 7 kms and 23 kms respectively. All population takes treatment from

Doctors. Health condition of the people generally very poor due to commonly prevalent

health issues i.e. male nutrition, due to high rate of child birth, typhoid , cholera, malaria, and

skin diseases etc.

4.4.13 Drinking Water Facilities The main cause of most of the communicable and abdominal disease is non availability of

clean drinking water. Bradley (1976) has dwelt on a number of tropical diseases relating to

water supply. About 20-30 different diseases may be caused by water supply for example,

viral, bacterial, protozal and helminthic diseases. According to him these diseases may be

water borne (infectious) water- bases (due to lack of water) and water related (from insects

in water).

From the above, it can be concluded that suitable safe drinking water is important factor

promoting human health and productivity.

During survey it was found that all families had installed hand pumps and electric motors

inside and outside their houses. The proportion of hand pumps for drinking water in the rural

areas of district Okara and Punjab Province households is estimated as 76 percent and 78

percent respectively which is also quite high as compared to other sources (Pipe, Well,

Pond, etc) of drinking water (Table 4.18)

Table 4.18: Source of Drinking Water Sources Okara District Punjab Province

All Areas Rural All Areas Rural

INSIDE 87.8 85.7 86.7 83.4 Pipe (Nul) 14.6 10.0 24.3 11.0

Hand Pump 72.8 75.2 60.4 70.6

Well 0.4 0.5 2.0 1.8

OUTSIDE 12.2 14.3 13.3 16.6 Pipe (Nul) 1.5 1.5 2.2 1.7

Hand Pump 7.2 0.6 5.3 7.1

Well 0.7 0.9 2.2 3.1

Pond 0.2 0.2 1.1 1.5

Others 2.6 3.1 2.5 3.2 Source: i) District Census Report 1998

iii) Provincial Census Report of Punjab 1998, Population Census Organization Statistic Division, Government of Pakistan


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 65

4.4.14 Energy Sources Energy is vital for Socio-economic development. Unluckily, due to isolation living of the

scattered population, rural electrification is missing at the Dharanga spur area i.e. 6

households resulting in the alternative use of kerosene oil for lighting. According to

District/Province census 1998, electricity is used by 65percent, and 63percent households in

Okara District and Punjab Province rural areas respectively (Table 4.19).

Table 4.19 Source of Light

(Percent)

Sources Okara District Punjab Province

All Areas Rural All Areas Rural

Electricity 69.4 64.5 72.5 63.3

Kerosine Oil 29.2 34.2 26.6 35.8

Others 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.9

Source: i) District Census Report 1998 iv) Provincial Census Report of Punjab 1998, Population Census Organization

Statistic Division, Government of Pakistan

4.4.15 Vulnerable Groups There are two numbers of affected families which are vulnerable due to low income. Due to

the affect that these people do not have opportunities elsewhere to work for their livelihood;

that’s why they are having abode along the right marginal bund of Suleimanki Barrage for

doing their petty labour. In addition to the compensation for their assets, the vulnerable

households will have an additional allowance of one month income/wages.

4.4.16 Gender Issues Gender problems are critical and are connected to a sustainable development process,

which is usually perceived as women specific issues. In order to assess socio-economic

impact of running project on women of the project area, 46 females’ respondents were

interviewed by female sociologist.

Generally, the women carry out household work and look after the family and children. But

such family labor is unpaid and is assigned no imputed value which calculated the Gross

National Product (GNP) of the country. In the rural areas, women do carry out agricultural

activities such as sowing, harvesting, threshing and storage of crops, collection of fodder

and livestock care. In addition, women are engaged in non-farm activities such as sewing,

knitting and cottage industry etc. Although, such activities provide supplementary income for

their household, these are not fully captured in the computation of GNP.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 66

The numerical reality that women constitute about half of the total population of Pakistan

ideally assigns to them equal participation role in the economic life of the country and

through this approach; we cannot ignore their role in development sector. Therefore survey

was conducted by ‘Gender Specialist’. Focus group discussions were also held with the

women residing along the RMB as well as Dhranaga spur. Ensure representation and

presence of women from different socio-economic groups in all meetings. The study has

identified a range of positive and negative impacts of resettlement. Some of the positive

impact of the rehabilitation and upgrading of the Suleimanki barrage are enhanced economic

growth of the surrounding of those particular areas through increasing water efficiency. It is

the beacon of economic survival for those families who are often disturbed during flood

season in the shape of their livelihood, houses and standing crops losses. The flood also

becomes a cause of livestock loss, which supplements their income. The implementation of

the project will play important role to save human lives and economic resources of the area.

Social impacts of resettlement activities tend to affect women more than men. Breakdown of

social interaction with community is a direct result of dislocation which can affect women

badly.

4.4.16.1 Socio-economic and cultural aspects

i) Marital Setup The survey results indicate that 94 percent women get married within their families. The

custom of inter family marriages is very common in the project area. Such marriages are as

not only a link between man and a woman but it also play role to unite their parents' families.

ii) Women Marriage Age Women age at marriage also contributes a lot in terms of their health (particularly

reproductive), education and in the role of development. It is common trend in the study area

to marry the daughters at early age especially when they grow up/ reach at working age.

Survey results show that overall 46 percent of the women married at the age group of 14 to

19 years, 33percent at the age group of 20 to 22 years, 15 percent at the age group of 23 to

25 years and only 7percent at the age group of 26 years and above but not more than 30

years.

iii) Women Role in Decision Making It is observed in the field that women have a insignificant role in decision making. Women

are actively participated in farm and non-farm activities but have little contribution in making

decision in these areas. .About 59percent women reported their participation in decision

making regarding domestic affairs. However, their participation in respect of property matters

or in business affairs is about only 22 percent.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 67

4.4.16.2 Position of Women

Women role in development is not a simple one; it relates to a complete range of socio

economic activities. Involuntary dislocation may disturb their livelihood. According to the field

information it is found that female participation for the betterment of family is more as

compared to male. In economic side women participate in agriculture activities. They also

work as casual hired labor. Resettlement activities can have direct impact on women,

because they are responsible for collecting wood for fuel ,feeding livestock and participate a

lot for agricultural activities. Unless this impact is addressed in resettlement planning and

execution, it could result in women spending more time and resources accessing to fulfill

their needs. The field data indicates that 46 percent, 71 percent and 100 percent women

participate in agriculture, livestock and domestic activities respectively.

• Women Participation in Household Tasks Women also play vital role in maintaining domestic function such as cooking, cleaning the

house, washing the clothes & pots and looking after the family. Data indicates that almost

100% women involved in cooking, cleaning pots and in family caring activities.

• Women Participation in Agriculture Activities Women of the study area, undertake much of the work in the fields. Results of the data

indicates that 46 percent of families involved in agricultural activities. An increase in size of

holding is found to have a negative impact on the participation of women in agricultural

activities. All 46 percent women participated in various farming operation for crops of wheat,

rice, corn, cotton and fodder. These include cotton seed preparation, irrigation, land

preparation, applying manure, sowing, weeding, hoeing, picking cotton & vegetables and

collecting chaff and hey etc fodder cutting and livestock rearing. They are also working as a

casual hired labor for agriculture. They are working for both season Rabi and Khraif also. It

is also observed that wheat, rice, cotton, corn and fodder are the major crops.

• Women Participation in Livestock Related Tasks Livestock production is an important and integral component of farming systems in the study

area. Livestock also contributes a large proportion of the income of farmers with small-

landholdings. Results of the survey indicate that 100 percent families have livestock in their

houses. Many of the livestock caring jobs are considered women’s work. About 71 percent

respondents (women) participated in livestock relating tasks such as cutting/chopping of

fodder, feeding, watering, cleaning the shed, bathing etc.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 68

• Other Economic Activities The rate of women participation in economic activities is very low in Pakistan especially in

rural areas. Women participation in economic activities will be increased to remove

inequities and imbalances in all sectors of socio-economic development and to ensure

women's equal access to all development benefits and social services. Women are working

as a causal hired labor in project area but their role in other economic activities is very low

due to lack of education and vocational skills. During survey, it is found that only one female

is conducting classes in Government High School for girls at village Jamalkot.

• Existing Women Skills and Needs Generally, the women carry out household work and look after the family and children. In the

project area women are also involved in traditionally activities such as sewing, knitting,

embroidery, preservation of vegetables and kitchen gardening. But such family labor is

unpaid because all such activities which result in direct income generation at home have

been classified for unpaid. The survey data indicates that 100% females show their interest

in the education of women, and specially interested in vocational/technical training activities

such as sewing, embroidery, knitting, soap making and painting etc. In fact, the activities that

they could carry out from the home and so not disturb the male patriarchy.

4.4.16.3 Socio-economic Impact of the Project on Women

A strategy has been developed to minimize involuntary dislocation impacts on women. No

female-headed households will be affected due to project activities .Efforts have been made

to minimize resettlement effects on females. Design engineers kept this in their mind and

avoided their dislocation to save four females headed households with other option of the

strengthening of the Right Marginal Bund.

During the survey, the female respondents gave range of positive and negative perception of

the project as follow;

• Positive Impacts of the Project The rehabilitation and upgrading of Suleimanki Barrage has a major positive impact of flood

control. Respondents (women) shared their perception regarding new employment

opportunities due to the project. Majority of the women in the area worked as a causal hired

labor as well as serve as a domestic maid and they show their interest to work during

construction activities. Some of the other positive impacts of project are rise in living

standard, generally better educational facilities and access to education for girls,

transportation facilities and better road infrastructure in remote areas.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 69

• Negative Impacts of the Project The adverse impacts on women are related to their day to day activities. Generally, women

are responsible for carrying food in the field, wood collection for fuel, and carrying &

preparing fodder in the family. Project activities could be restricted for female mobility during

construction period. They are largely engaged in the agricultural activities as a causal hired

labor and dislocation can result in loss of livelihood. During shifting period, they can not work

as a causal hired labor and this will add to women’s economic hardships.

4.4.17 Resettlement Issues The inventory survey reveals that all project activities would be operating on public lands

under use by the Punjab Irrigation and Power Department and the project would not require

any land acquisition. However, the embankment Right Marginal Bund (RMB) and Dhranga

Spur strengthening works would affect 11 residential structures that would need to be

relocated. These houses are scattered and located along the Right Marginal Bund and

Dhranga Spur on the land of Irrigation & Power Department. All these 11 affected families

are squatters. The affected population associated with these families is 99 persons. All the

structures are on government land. A resettlement Plan will be prepared according to the

ADB Safegaurd Policies and will be submitted under different cover

Plate 4.2: A View of Female Participation in Household Relating Task


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 70

Plate 4 4: A view of females participation for livestock activities

Plate 4.6: A view of Kacha Affected House


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 71

Plate 4.8: Right Divide Wall and Fish Ladder Upstream of Barrage

Plate 4.9: Left Divide Wall and Fish Ladder Upstream at Barrage


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 72

Plate 4.10: Fazilka Drain entering Barrage Pond from India

Plate 4.11: Bela Developed in Left Pocket of Pond Area


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 73

Plate 4.12 : Consultation with Wildlife Staff at Wildlife Public Park

Plate 4.13 : Consultation with Fishing Department at Suleimanki Barrage


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 74

CHAPTER 5: STUDY OF PROJECT ALTERNATIVES

The analysis of alternatives for the project is a vital part of the EIA process as it gives the

opportunity to review and assess different ways of meeting the project objectives so that the

environmental impact of the project is minimal. The following options/alternatives were

analyzed for strengths and weaknesses of the proposed project:

• Addition of six new bays along the right flank of the barrage.

• Provision of flood bypass arrangement. The safe barrage capacity is adopted as

330,000 cusecs, as it was achieved in 1988 flood. The remaining 100,000 cusecs

needs to be bypassed through bypass channel.

5.1 NO PROJECT OPTION (WORST CASE SCENARIO OPTION) Analysis: Strength and Opportunities

• There will be no adverse social impacts as no land will be required from private/illegal

settlers and for immigrating new settlers.

• The recurring cost of the Project will be avoided.

• The irrigation systems downstream of the canals command area (CCA) of Pakpattan

Canal, Sadiqia Canal and Fordwah Canal shall not be interrupted due to project

activities.

• Loss of the agriculture land which may be required for the borrowing area and

contractor’s facilities (labour camp, batching plants, plant depot etc), will be avoided.

• The efforts and investments will be saved and will be allocated to another project in

case this project is not taken up at all.

Weakness and Threats

• The no project alternative is undesirable as it would mean continued economic,

social and environmental losses.

• There will be loss of property and agricultural land due to uncontrolled breaching

along the weakened and damaged embankments in the event of a flood.

• The local population shall be denied employment and training during project

construction phase and later through escalated economic activities.

• About 100 to 150 cusecs of water will leak through the gates and less water will be

available for the canals off take from the barrage. This will adversely impact crop

intensity in canal command areas.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 75

• The aging process along with inadequate/deferred maintenance has contributed to a

general deterioration of different components/structures and heavy damages to the

regulating gates and hoisting equipment. Any serious damage to this barrage can

result in colossal losses in the form of total or partial disruption of irrigation supplies,

non/less-production of agricultural crops within the canals command area, loss of

government revenue, rehabilitation cost of emergency repairs, thus adversely

affecting the national economy in additional to human sufferings beside multitude of

social and environmental hazards. The minimum duration require for the construction

of similar barrage will be easily 5 years plus.

• Around 13,900 Acres of land, property and infrastructure may be flooded in the event

of high flood such as the one that occurred in 1988.

5.2 ADDITION OF NEW BAYS Option 1: The following components are included in this option

• Strengthening of RMB and LMB by raising heights up to 5ft above HFL.

• Construct 6 new water bays of 60ft each at the right end of the barrage, as shown in

figure 5.1.

• Necessary alteration in the barrage structure associated with the addition of bays i.e.

relocation of guide wall(s), canal head regulators, marginal bunds etc.

• Increase the barrage capacity by developing cunnet within the bella and flush the

bella during high flow.

• Gate Repair Work

• Improvement in Wildlife Public Park

Strength and Opportunities

• Minimize the requirement of breach at the event of high flood.

• Gates repair work will rectify leakage losses through the damage gates and more

water will be available for irrigation purpose in the canals.

• Employment and training opportunities for the local population which will provide

them life time benefits.

• Rehabilitation of Wildlife Park involve plantation of hundreds of new trees, which will

improve the aesthetic value and enhance the biodiversity of the area.

• Formation of cunnet within the bela will allow the bela to be washed in the event of

flood and the barrage will become capable of passing discharge to its maximum

capacity.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 76

Weaknesses and Threats

• Higher adverse social impacts as the numbers of existing shops and houses,

including Ranger’s rest house situated along right guide wall will be required to

relocate for the construction of new bays.

• Temporary adverse environmental impacts on wildlife habitat during construction

phase.

• Higher project cost compare to option 2.

• Hundreds of matured trees will be uprooted to clear the area for the construction of

new bays and relocating the existing structure e.g. canal head regulator, right guide

wall etc.

• Construction phase will consist on longer duration and therefore elongated adverse

environmental impacts i.e. dust pollution, noise pollution etc are envisaged.

• Higher environmental management cost, mainly due to the higher environment

monitoring cost during the construction phase.

5.3 OPTION 2: PROVISION OF FUSEPLUG WEIR AND FLOOD BYPASS CHANNEL (SELECTED OPTION FOR DETAIL DESIGN)

The main components in this option include

• Strengthening RRE and LRE by raising heights up to 5ft above HFL.

• Flood water bypass channel of capacity 100,000 cusecs. The anticipated channel

dimensions are 1100ft bed width and 16ft flow depth with side slope 2H:1V,

Figure3.1 shows the layout.

• Road Bridge over flood bypass channel.

• Provision of spillway/fuse plug at RMB.

• Level crossing across Pakpattan Canal.

• Increase the barrage capacity by developing cunnet within the bela and flush the bela

during high flow.

• Gate Repair Work

• Improvement in existing Wildlife Public Park

Strength and Opportunities

• Strengthening of embankments will minimize uncontrolled breaching, occur in the

event of high flood.

• Main town and villages and thousands of agricultural land will be saved from flood

damages at the event of high flood by diverting the flood water with flood bypass

channel.

• Lesser disturbance of the wetland from the construction activities.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 77

• Employment and training opportunities for the local population which will provide

them life time benefits.

• Enhance Bio-diversity with new plantation and re-modeling of the existing Public

Park.

• Gates repair works will rectify leakage losses through the damage gates and more

water will be available for irrigation purpose in the canals.

• Provision of road bridge maintain the link of the barrage with other town through road

network.

• Lower cost compare to other option 1.

Weaknesses and Threats

• Temporary adverse environmental impacts on wildlife habitat during construction

phase.

• 11 No. of houses falling within the work area along the embankments need to be re-

located.

• 309 No. of trees found within the proposed escape channel location will be uprooted.

• acres of agricultural land will be acquired for escape channel.

• Temporary adverse environmental impacts from construction activities of road bridge

and spillway construction i.e. air pollution, dust pollution, noise pollution etc.

5.4 CONCLUSION

No project option is rejected because the feasibility study conducted in 2005 concludes that

the Sulemanki Barrage is an unsafe structure. The structural failure of the barrage could

cause the colossal losses in the form of human life, wildlife, land, property and irrigation set

up.

Option 1 has been rejected on the basis of higher adverse environmental and social impacts

including inundation of agricultural land and resettlement of the people and business units

(shops) situated at the western end of the barrage. Also the option technically ruled out as it

disturb the symmetry of the barrage which could encourage shoaling (bela formation) and

reduce the barrage capacity.

Option 2 considered to be the best option in respect of environmental & social aspects. The

work scheme also provides the most cost effective solutions, of the issues identified in

feasibility and design calculation, as compare to the other options. Lower part of the

proposed flood bypass channel is recommended to develop as a lake, which will enhance

the biodiversity of the area.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 78

CHAPTER 6: IMPACT ASSESSMENT, MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES

This chapter discusses the potential impacts of barrage rehabilitation works which have

been identified through the use of standard checklists, and expert knowledge and

experience. The impacts identified for the selected option of work scheme were assessed for

their significance keeping in mind their consequences, reversibility, occurrence, duration,

location, timing etc. The evaluation of the environmental & social impacts has been

summarized in Table-6.1.

6.1 POTENTIAL IMPACT SOURCES

Environmental impacts and social impacts attributed to the Project can be broadly classified

into three main groups

• Impacts during design phase

• Impacts during construction phase

• Impacts during operational/post construction phase

Some of the impacts can be anticipated and avoided at design stage with appropriate

adjustment in the Project Design some can be mitigated by good implementation technique

and others by following the operational manual.

6.2 IMPACTS AND MITIGATIION MEASURES ASSOCIATED WITH THE

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT The following impacts are anticipated in case of the implementation of the Project

• The project will not have any significant adverse impact on the existing residential

area other than as a result of increase in noise and dust levels and movement of the

additional machinery and traffic.

• There will be no major loss or damage to livelihood. The temporary employment to

the local communities will be given. This will be a significant positive impact.

• There is no historical monument or archeologically sensitive site hence no apparent

impact on such sensitive sites is expected.

• As far as tree cutting is concerned, survey of the existing trees on the site shows that

309 no. trees will be uprooted on site during construction activities.

• There will be no permanent and significant adverse impacts on the aquatic ecology

of the river and wildlife habitat of the area as seasonal flow regime of the river will


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 79

remain unchanged. To facilitate the works on the barrage the cofferdams will be

built. The environmental impact of cofferdams will be localized and short term

(during operation), and which can be mitigated with good engineering practice.

Potential adverse environmental impacts of selected work schemes on the physical,

biological and socio-economic environment during design, construction and operational

phases have been identified. Measures to mitigate these impacts and their residual impact

are discussed below.

(i) Physical Environment

• Land Resources

• Hydrology and Water Resources

• Air Quality

• Noise level

(ii) Biological Environment

• Flora

• Fauna

• Fish

• Endangered species

(iii) Culture and Heritage

(iv) Socio-economic

Table 6.1 summarizes the potential impacts associated with the barrage rehabilitation

project. The physical, biological, cultural and social impacts have been discussed under pre-

construction (design phase), construction and operational phase. Each sub component has

been assessed as slight, moderate or significant. The impacts have then been marked as

avoidable, mitigable and irreversible. The components so assessed have been discussed

and explained after the assessment Table 6.1.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 80

Table 6.1 (Sheet 1 of 3): Project Evaluation of Environmental Impacts

* Avoidable through design ** Mitigation through contractor’s obligation or by communities through social framework

agreement (SAF) *** Non‐reversible, Permanent change (to be adopted)

Category Impact Assessment

Impact

Slight Moderate Significant

1* 2** 3*** 1* 2** 3*** 1* 2** 3***

1. Design Phase

1.1 Damage from

Retrogression

1.2 Damage to flood retain embankments

1.3 Obstruction to fish migration in the river

1.4 Obstruction to gate Operations and leakage from the damaged gates

2. Construction Phase

Physical

Environment

Land

Resources

2.1

Impacts of location of Labour Camp, Batching Plant and equipment & material yard

2.2 Impacts of Waste Disposal site

2.3 Impacts of Borrowing Site

2.4 Damage to Paths, Access Roads and Cross Drains

2.5 Impacts of Crushed Stone Transportation

2.6 Impacts of oil, �chemical Spill or Dumping out near Building or House

2.7 Damage the agricultural land or crop destruction


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 81



Impact


1* 2** 3*** 1* 2** 3*** 1* 2** 3***


Physical Environment Hydrology and Water Resources Air Quality Noise

2.8 Impacts of using groundwater as drinking Water & Wastewater disposal Impacts

2.9 Contamination of Surface water due to construction dismantling of Cofferdam

2.10 Contamination of surface water due to Electrical Mechanical Work

2.11 Impact of Extended Canal Closure

2.12 Impact of Road Bridge Construction

2.13 Impact of Fuse Plug and Flood Escape Channel Construction

2.14 Impact of Source of Construction Water

2.15 Dust Smoke and other Pollutants from Plants & Equipments

2.16 Smoke from Burning of Waste material or Burning Firewood

2.17 Impact on Air Quality from Earth Work Activities

2.18 Noise Pollution from Construction Activities

Biological Environment

2.19 Damage to Biological Resources

2.20 Disturbance to Wildlife

* Avoidable through design ** Mitigation through contractor’s obligation or by communities through social

framework agreement (SAF) *** Non-reversible, Permanent change (to be adopted)


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 82



IMPACT


1* 2** 3*** 1* 2** 3*** 1* 2** 3***


Socio Economic 2.21 Impacts due to Land Acquisition

2.22 HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases

2.23 Impacts on Existing Services; education, health, electricity and water supply etc.

2.24 Impacts of finding Archaeological site, Graveyard etc

2.25 Impact on Public Health & Safety due to Construction activities

2.26 Impact on Employment

2.27

Tribal Tension and local rivalries on canal and aquatic life

3. Post Construction

Monitoring and Evaluation as per Operational Manual and Monitoring Plan

3.1 Impacts due to non -application of the prescribed O&M plan

3.2 Continuous evaluation of design efficiency

* Avoidable through design ** Mitigation through contractor’s obligation or by communities through social

framework agreement (SAF) *** Non-reversible, Permanent change (to be adopted)


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 83

6.3 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING DESIGN PHASE

6.3.1 Damage from Retrogression Adverse Environmental Impact

Accompanied by pulsating Hydraulic jump, damage to friction blocks and upstream floor of

the barrage.

Mitigation Measures

Repair and grouting the damaged floor and blocks.

6.3.2 Damage to Flood Retain Embankments Adverse Environmental Impacts

The aging process along with inadequate / deferred maintenance has been contributed to

general deterioration of the structural integrity of the embankments. This could trigger

uncontrolled breaches at the event of flood and cause significant damages of the

surrounding area.

Mitigation Measures

• Increase the embankments height and width to increase their resistance against floods.

6.3.3 Fish Migration Obstruction Design Adequacy of the Fish Ladder

Existing fish ladder design is appropriate but obstructions were found in the form of

vegetation. There was also some structural damage to stop smooth movement of fish across

the ladder.

Adverse Environmental Impact

The minimum water discharge required to operate the fish ladder is 500 cusecs, which is not

feasibly available during the low flow season and therefore the fish ladder is out of order for

about 9 to 10 months a year. This triggers the growth of vegetation inside the ladder and

obstructs the water flow through the ladder during the couple of months of high flow.

Mitigation Measures

The structural component of the ladders will be repaired during project implementation.

Inspect the fish ladder on a regular basis to make sure that the ladder is in working condition

over the whole year and operates effectively during high flow.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 84

6.4 IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE 6.4.1 Physical Environment

(a) Land Resources

6.4.1.1 Impacts of Labor Camp, Batching Plant and Material & Equipment Yard Adverse Environmental Impact:

Because of the availability of the ample IPD land near the barrage, this will not cause any

serious problem. IPD will arrange the land suggested on figure 1.3 for labour camp and

batching.

Mitigations Measures:

• The contractor will, in consultation with residence engineer, resolve the exact location

of all these facilities.

• IPD will arrange the land for the contractor camp and batching plant as indicated on

Figures 3.1 and 1.3. If the contractor prefers anyother location then the contractor

will be responsible for the additional payment to the land owner(s), responsible for

the developing the social & environmental baseline condition and agreed the new

proposed location with consultant’s environmentalist and PMO.

6.4.1.2 Impacts of Waste Disposal Site Adverse Environmental Impacts:

There is sufficient IPD land available on site for the Waste Disposal Site and no private land

will be required for this purpose. Inadequate disposal of waste could contaminate the land. If

the waste is not handled properly it could be a nuisance and cause diseases in the local

community. Domestic waste contains a high percentage of readily degradable hydrocarbon

which releases a bad odor when it undergoes decomposition, especially in hot and humid

conditions. Construction waste classified as inert waste which could be a problem to dispose

off.

Mitigation Measures

• Domestic waste generated at the labor camp and site offices should be collected and

temporarily stored at the designated bonded area within the camp area before being

disposed off the site by the specialize contractor.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 85

• A temporary domestic waste storage area should be prepared, maintained and

visually inspected on a regular basis by the contractor to prevent the land adjacent to

the waste disposal site from contaminating.

• The location of construction waste disposal site should be such that no tree cutting,

crop destruction or private land acquisition occurs. The proposed location indicated

in figure 1.3.

• Construction waste should not be mixed with domestic waste as the construction

waste could be reused as a fill material or disposed off separately.

• The temporary waste storage area for domestic waste site will be rehabilitated at the

completion of the project and photographic record will be kept as an eveidance.

• There should be burning pit on site where the combustible waste could be burnt. The

recommended dimensions of the burning pit are 15ft x 12ft x 4ft (length x width x

height).

Residual Adverse Impact:

The waste storage area will attract animals and spread a foul odor in the surrounding area.

6.4.1.3 Impacts of Borrowing Site Adverse Environmental Impact:

Additional soil required for the strengthening the embankments will be acquired from the

other activities of the project i.e. construction of spill way involving excavating work. If the

contractor desires to excavate the soil from other areas than approval must be obtained from

the Consultant’s Environmental Specialist and PMO. Quarrying and cutting land is not

required in this project. The excavating activities could have adverse environmental impacts

including soil erosion, drainage problem, threaten existing structure stability, and impact the

health and safety of the workers and local population.

Mitigation Measures:

• The earth required for revamping of retired embankment and other works would be

used out of the available government land where possible. If there is lot of

transportation involve in using IPD land and earth is required to be lifted from private

own land, then the owner(s) of the land will be duly compensated by the contractor.

• The contractor will not leave the borrow pits in an unusable condition such that it

could be filled with rain water and cause the problems for the community e.g.

breeding place for mosquitoes etc.

• The contractor will ensure that the selected borrow areas are clearly demarcated,

and indicate the maximum allowable depth of the pit before the soil is excavated.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 86

• No soil will be excavated outside the demarcated area. If unexpected soil or strata is

found during excavation at the site then the excavation must be stopped immediately,

and the environmentalist and site manager must be informed as soon as possible.

• The edges of the pits should be given flat slopes and area should be leveled as far

as possible when the excavation is complete.

• Barren or unfertile land will be preferred for use as a borrowing area than agricultural

land.

• If the agricultural land along the embankments needs to be used as a borrowing area

then the following additional measurements will be undertaken by the contractor:

Excavate at least 50m away from the toe of the embankments

Remove 6 inches of the topsoil and store on a separate site for its re-spread back

on the leveled borrow area

Excavate up to maximum of 3 feet

Level slops as far as possible

Place the topsoil back on reasonably leveled area


Uneven topography will be generated due to excavating land.

6.4.1.4 Damage to Paths, Access Roads and Cross Drains Adverse Environmental Impact:

Infrastructure (road, drains etc) could be damaged through carelessness of the

drivers/operators of heavy machinery. Such carelessness can cause considerable damage

to paths, road and drains if the drivers/operators are not made aware, trained and bound to

protect the infrastructure.


• An effective signology can reinforce the instructions to the drivers for example

maximum load limit, type of vehicle allowed, speed limit etc.

• It is a Contractor’s contractual obligations to impose strict control over operators and

drivers of all types of vehicles.

• Should any damage take place due the site traffic movement, the contractor must be

bound to carry out the repair immediately.

• Enforce the maximum speed limit for site traffic to 20 km/hour.

6.4.1.5 Impacts of Oil/Chemical Spill or Dumping out any Building or House near the Project Area

Inadequate storage and mobilizing of material on site could cause accidental spills or

leakages. Dumping of waste material or spillage at the private land or outside the designated


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 87

area will contaminate the land and water resources as the unconfined aquifer consist on

sandy stratum on site.


• It is a Contractor’s Contractual obligation to design, construct and maintain material

storage areas.

• All the material mobilization should be controlled and carried out by the competent

staff.

• All loading and unloading of the materials should be carried out with an appropriate

plant & equipment.

• The material storage area should be bounded.

• Spill kits, including absorbing pad, sand bags etc, should be available at material

storage area to handle any accidental spill.

• In case of damage to private land, the land owner(s) should be compensated.

6.4.1.6 Impacts of Crushed Stone and Fine Aggregate Transport

Adverse Environmental Impact:

Stones shall be brought from Sargodha District or Margalla hills, so no quarrying has to be

done locally. But the vehicles carrying the stones shall exert additional traffic load on the

roads leading to the project area. By keeping the road dust free and repaired even the

slightest impact shall stand mitigated.


• It is a Contractor’s contractual obligation to use the roads and paths carefully and in

case of any damage, repair the damaged roads and paths immediately.

• Undertake regular spraying of water on traffic routes and places prone to cause dust

pollution.

• Lorries should cover with the cloth or fine net to minimize the dust pollution and

accidental drop of stones.

6.4.1.7 Impacts of Finding Graveyard and Burials No graveyard is identified within the direct area of influence of the project activities. However

if unrecorded graveyards and/or burials are found during the courses of construction

activities, the supervising agency will contact and work with local religious authorities within

the immediate project area to allow for possible identification of the remains and where

appropriate, properly undertake relocation and burial.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 88

6.4.1.8 Contamination from Oil & Diesel and Other Spill from Construction Machinery The dumping site for waste material or empty containers can damage the land with

associated physical, biological and social losses. The impacts can be mitigated through

effective application of the maximum spill regulations, general criteria for oil and breakage at

construction sites, as per standards set forth by Oil Spill Contingency Plan of PKP

Exploration Ltd, Guidelines for Oil Spill Waste Minimization and Management issued by

International Petroleum Industry, Environmental Conservation Association and with

mitigation measures described below.

(i) Minor Spills

Soil contaminated by minor spills/leakages (defined as leaks from vehicles, machinery,

equipment or storage containers such that the area and depth of soil contaminated is less

than one (1) sq.ft and three (3) inches respectively) is to be scraped and sent to a burn pit

(incinerator).

(ii) Moderate Spills

Moderate spills are defined as spills of volume less than or equal to 200 liters. These are to

be contained and controlled using shovels, sands, absorbing mat and native soil. These

equipments and materials are to be made available at camp sites during the operation (Spill

Kit). The contaminated soil will be excavated and sent to the treatment site such as

bioremediation or solidification/stabilization (S/S). The excavated area will be lined with an

impermeable base before being filled with clean soil.

(iii) Major Spills

Major spills are defined as spills of volume much greater than 200 liters. This would require

indication of Emergency Response Procedure and Oil Spill Contingency Plan to be prepared

by the Contractor in consultation with the Engineer. These spills are to be handled and

controlled by a specialize contractor to clean the site.


• All the oil based material should be stored in the designated bounded area.

• The Spill Kit should be available on site to handle small spills on site.

• Good house keeping will minimize accidental spills.

• All loading and unloading of material should be supervised and carried out with

appropriate plant.

• Empty drums of the fuel should be handled with care as some material may be left

over in the drums or container.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 89

• All the liquid material or fuel should be stored well away from any control water body

i.e. river, canal, wetland etc.

(b) Hydrology and Water Resources

6.4.1.9 Water Supply System & Wastewater Treatment Impacts Adverse Environmental Impact:

Pumping groundwater from the major aquifer for water supply for the labor camp shall

neither cause any significant change in the groundwater reservoir, nor in the river or canals,

which in fact recharge the reservoir. There will be no any residual adverse impact on

groundwater. The impact can be considered as slight and mitigable. The contractor should

tap the underground reservoir and install hand pumps or tube wells with an overhead water

tank to supply drinking water to the labours and workers at appropriate pressure.

Groundwater test results indicate the shallow groundwater quality is not fit for human

consumption because of elevated concentration of E-Coli, as shown in table 4.6.

It is envisaged that a considerable volume of wastewater will be generated from labour

camp. There are plenty of examples of successful systems of using wastewater for

agriculture. Domestic wastewater is expected to be contaminated with pathogens. Many

factors affect the degree to which the potential risk due to the presence of pathogen in

wastewater can become actual risk of disease transmission and pose a health risk to

consumers and workers (farmers). The following situation can have an adverse impact on

human health:

1. Either an infective dose of an active pathogen reaches the field or pond or the pathogen

multiplies in the field or pond to form an infective dose.

2. The infective dose reaches a human host.

3. The host become an infected

4. The infection causes disease or further transmission.


• It is the responsibility of principal contractor to test and confirm the suitability of the

groundwater before its supply for domestic use.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 90

• The depth of the extraction well should be increased until the quality of groundwater

meets the WHO standards or the Filtering Unit can be installed by the contractor to

achieve WHO standards.

• Four main measures are recommended to be considered to protect health;

wastewater reuse, wastewater treatment, crop restriction, control of wastewater

application and exposure, and promotion of hygiene of those wastewater treatment.

• It is the responsibility of the contractor to set up a suitable and appropriate

wastewater collection and disposal system.

• Method and level of treatment of wastewater depends upon the anticipated use of the

effluent. In view of the expected use of treated water for agriculture purposes,

treatment at primary level will be cost effective. It is therefore proposed that waste

stabilization ponds or underground septic tank with bypass arrangement for rainwater

be provided in the labour camp with about three days storage capacity of waste

water.

• To keep the cost to a minimum it is recommended to install a partial wastewater

treatment system, using waste stabilization ponds or underground septic tanks, as

well as crop restriction control measure for reuse of wastewater in agriculture. The

stabilization pond should not be deeper than 4m to avoid anaerobic degradation of

the organic compound of wastewater. Treatment by waste stabilization pond system

or underground septic tank for about 3 to 4 days retention removes most of helminth

eggs sufficiently to protect the health of agriculture workers and consumers.

• If the wastewater is discharged into the control water body i.e. river or canal then it is

a contractor’s contractual obligation to confirm that the effluent meets the NEQS

levels. Provision of underground septic tank is a preliminary treatment and reduces

the total suspended solids (TSS) concentration to the acceptable level however it may

not reduce the BOD level up to the required level. Therefore it is suggested that, if

required, an aeration treatment system should be emplaced to meet the BOD level

before discharge of the effluent into the river. Aeration of wastewater can be achieved

from number of treatment methods including mechanical aeration, providing steps in

the open channel, aerobic stabilizing pond (maximum depth up to 4 feet) etc. The

selection of treatment method depends on the availability of space and initial

concentration of the BOD.

• The treated domestic sewage should be tested on regular basis before it is pumped

into the river or used for agricultural purposes.



NESPAK-AAB-DMC 91

• Bacterial removal with three days retention of wastewater in the stabilization pond will

only be sufficient to reduce but not completely eliminate the risk to consumers of

vegetable crops. Crops restriction will therefore be essential.

• Stabilizing pond could cause odor and nuisance problems in the surrounding area.

The pond should therefore be at an appropriate distance from the living area and the

direction of wind flow should be kept in view. Treatment of wastewater with the

underground septic tank will not cause any odor except during the occasional

cleaning of the chambers.

6.4.1.10 Contamination of Surface Water Due to Construction/Dismantling of Cofferdam

Adverse Environmental Impact:

During the construction and subsequent removal of coffer dams, the soil material can

contaminate river water and affect aquatic life, particularly downstream fisheries.


• The material used for the construction of cofferdam should not contaminate river

water in terms of suspended solids, pH, oil etc. The contractor will use good

engineering practices to minimize contamination of river water.

6.4.1.11 Contamination of Surface Water Due to Electrical/Mechanical Works Adverse Environmental Impacts

As most of the electrical / mechanical work is to be performed at the barrage structure, any

accidental spill of material could be devastating for the river environment. The work may also

involve the building of temporary structures like the cofferdam, scaffolding etc. Failure of the

temporary structure could cause serious injuries to the workers and pollute the river.

Mitigation Measures

• All temporary structure should be designed and build by a specialized contractor.

• The temporary structure should be approved by a competent person before its use.

• Daily Inspection should be carried out at the work area before the start of every

working shift.

• Good housekeeping should be maintained to avoid any accidental spill or falling of

objects in to the river.

• Oil based material should be kept in bunded bowser or container.

• Electrical equipment should be handled with extra care.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 92

• Provide proper PPE (personal protected equipment) for all the workers as a

precaution against any mishap, and interlink various parts of the construction

complex.

6.4.1.12 Impacts of Extended Canal Closure Adverse Environmental Impacts

Gate repair work and the installation of the hoisting system and electric motors will require

the closure of canals. Non availability of the canal water could adversely affect crops and

people living along the canal. The canal water is primarily used for agricultural purposes and

at a few places within the canal command area for domestic use e.g. cloth washing, kitchen

washing and for even cooking purpose specially along the Fordwah Canal.


All the activities that require canal closure will only be undertaken during the annual

routine closure of the canals.

If the extended canal closure is required then alternate water supply should be

arranged in affected canal command area.

The work of construction of level crossing over Pakpattan canal shall need dry area

and a temporary diversion channel shall be provided during construction phase to

fulfill the water requirement of Pakpattan Canal Command area.

6.4.1.13 Impact on Source of Construction Water The contractor could use river water as a source of water for sprinkling on kacha (unpaved)

path for dust control and for vehicle washing purposes.

Groundwater could be used as a source of water supply for the contractor’s camp and the

batching Plant. The contractor should tap the underground reservoir and install hand pumps

or tubewells with overhead tanks to supply drinking water to the labour camp, and to the

batching plant for concrete preparation. Withdrawing water from the aquifer shall not cause

any significant change in the storage of the aquifer nor the river and canals, which eventually

recharge it. The impact can be considered as slight and mitigable.


• The contractor is obligated under the contract to pay for water obtained from private

sources.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 93

• The contractor is obligated under the contract to supply running tap water, flush

latrines and stabilization ponds or underground septic tanks for the disposal of

wastewater through the sewerage system.

• All the wastewater generated from vehicle washing and site set ups e.g. batching

plant, plant & equipment yard etc should be tested to meet the NEQS standards for

effluents before being disposed off.

(c) Air Quality 6.4.1.14 Dust, Smoke and other Pollutants from Plant & Equipment Adverse Environmental Impact:

From previous work experience (rehabilitation of Taunsa Barrage etc) it has been observed

that the emission or dust from the batching plant can be very harmful for the site workers

and the local population. The emission/dust could cause skin and respiratory disease e.g.

skin rashes, lungs problem etc. Roads and traffic will be affected due to the movement of

heavy vehicles in the area. The possible location has been proposed for the Batching Plant.

Contractor should select the suitable location provided the following control measures are in

place:


• Air quality should be monitored on regular basis near the plant.

• The plant should be located at least 500m away from any living area, as one of the

suggested site on Figure 1.3.

• The plant should not be operated outside working hours.

• Regular spraying of water should be undertaken to minimize dust pollution.

• All vehicles, machinery, equipment and generators used during construction activities

will be kept in good working conditions to minimize exhaust emissions.

• Proper PPE should be issued to the site workers and measures should be adopted to

ensure that the workers will wear the PPE properly when working on site.

• If contractor select any other site than the site suggested on figure 1.3 than the site

has to be agreed with the consultant’s environmentalist and PMO. The following

additional control measures may need to be implemented for different location

The plant has to be a Zero Emission Plant. This will include using washed

aggregated and enclosed cylose with automatic injection system of the material in

to the mixing chamber. Recently a zero emission plant has been established and

is working successfully at Jinnah Barrage, and could be visited for getting details

before installation.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 94

The plant area should be constructed and maintained on an impermeable layer to

prevent contamination of river water from surface run off.

The access roads for the delivery Lorries pass through the living area. These

roads/paths should be sprayed with water on regular basis to minimize dust

pollution.

Residual Impacts:

• Deterioration of air quality.

• Although the recommended plant consists of an enclosed cylose, the plant activities

will generate some dust especially in consistently dry weather.

6.4.1.15 Smoke from Burning of Waste Material or Burning Firewood Adverse Environmental Impacts

A large number of big and small fires in the labor camp can produce smoke and smog which

can cut off visibility, reduce traffic ability and cause suffocation along with causing diseases

of the respiratory tract.


• It is the contractor’s contractual obligation to use and provide clean and smoke free

fuel in the labor camp.

• Cutting and burning trees or shrubs for fuel shall be prohibited.

• Gas Cylinders should be used in the labor camp for cooking purposes.

6.4.1.16 Impact on Air Quality of Earth Work Activities Adverse Environmental Impacts

Excavating activities will generate dust and pollute the surrounding area. Emissions from the

plants used in earth work activities will also degrade the air quality of the site.

Mitigation Measures

• Regular spraying of water should be undertaken to minimize the dust pollution.


will be kept in good working condition to minimize the exhaust emissions. (d) Noise 6.4.1.17 Noise Pollution from Construction Activities Adverse Environmental Impact:

It has been proposed to raise the embankment height and width to maintain the stability of

the slopes. The embankments farm the boundary of the wetland and trees along the


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 95

embankments provide habitat of many species of birds. Construction activities along the

embankments could generate noise and air pollution and disturb the natural habitat.


• Suitable equipment and plant should be used in execution of the work to minimize

noise pollution.

• The noise level should be monitored on a regular basis and levels should be

maintained within the NEQS level. At the start of the work activities noise levels

should be monitored on hourly basis for at-least the first 2 days of work, after which

the monitoring interval could increase to daily basis.

• If required, the work area should be cordoned off with noise absorbing panels to

segregate the work area from the barrage pond area.

• The contractor will regularly spray water on the site traffic routes to minimize the dust

pollution.


will be kept in good working conditions and will be properly tuned and maintained in

order to minimize noise pollution, exhaust emission and minimum land disturbance.

• It is the contractor’s obligation to stop unnecessary traffic and workers from entering

into the barrage pond area.

• All working activities should be restricted within the allowed working hours.

• The maximum speed limit of 20km/h should be enforced for vehicles using the

embankments and access road.

• The Traffic Management Plan will be included in EMP and should be implemented

during construction phase.

• Movement of the site traffic and tree cutting will generate some noise.

6.4.2 Biological Environment The anticipated biological impacts can be on the following:

• Damage to Flora

• Damage to Fauna

• Damage to Endangered Species

• Damage to Fish

6.4.2.1 Damage to Biological Resources and Disturbance of Wildlife Adverse Environmental Impacts

About 10 acres of land will be required for each Labor Camp & Batching Plant. The labor

camp and batching plant location should be carefully selected to minimize tree cutting. The


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 96

approximate total number of trees requiring uprooting is counted to 309, as shown in Figure

4.5. There is a risk of the destruction of habitat of the area due to the noise and dust

generated from the movement of site traffic and work activities along the embankments. Bela

trimming activities could also adversely impact the wildlife.

Mitigation Measures

• The proposed area for labor camp and batching plant will not require any tree cutting.

• The outside boundary of the camp should be fenced or walled to keep camp activities

inside the camp area.

• It is the contractor’s obligation to ensure that unnecessary and out of bound

activities/movements are not done outside the area allotted to him for setting-up the

labor camp, material depots and machinery yard.

• No fire arms should be carried by any of the workers.

• All forest, wildlife and fisheries laws should be fully respected and abided by the

contractor and his work force.

• Limits and norms of wildlife, forestry and fishery should be fully respected and

implemented.

• Necessary sign boards should be displayed to remind the obligation of labour,

visitors and members of public towards Biota.

• Inspections by wildlife, forest and fisheries officers are facilitated in camps to facilitate

the proper implementation of relevant laws.

• 24 hours security should be provided by the contractor at the Labor Camp and

Batching Plant.

• Every tree cut on site for the execution of work should be replaced with the plantation

of minimum of 5 new trees. Therefore minimum of 1550 trees will need to be planted

and protected until maturation by the contractor, in place of 309 trees that will be

uprooted during construction of bypass channel and associated structure.


will be kept in good working condition and be properly tuned to minimize the adverse

impact on waterfowl habitat by reducing noise, exhaust and land disturbance.

• Communities are given awareness and are involved in the proper protection of the

Biota inside and around the project area.

• No unauthorized tree or bush cutting will be allowed. Should it be necessary, it must

not be done without the permission of the “The Engineer” and must follow the change

management process.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 97

• If possible, the nests of birds on trees that need to be uprooted should be shifted to

other nearby trees.

• Walk over survey should be conducted before excavating the bela and any ground

nest or particular habitat (rabbit whole etc) should be relocated.

• Excavating work within the bela should not be arranged during the fish breeding

season (April to June) to avoid the adverse impact due to a possible increase in the

turbidity of the river.

Residual Impacts

• Nests of some of the birds shall be destroyed when the trees and bushes are cleared

along the embankments within the purposed location of flood bypass channel.

• Disturbance of wildlife by the site traffic and noise from tree cutting/uprooting.

6.4.3 Socio-Economic Impacts The overall impacts of the Project on the social and economic activities in the project area

will be positive. A Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) has been also prepared to compensate

the people living along the embankments as squatters on government land and need to be

removed, of course with due compensation. RAP will be submitted under different cover.

The adverse environmental impacts and their mitigation measures are discussed as follow:

6.4.3.1 Impacts of Land Acquisition Adverse Environmental Impacts

Generally land acquisition is required for work activities such as widening of the

embankments, access road, Labor Camp, Batching Plant, work base area, structural waste

disposal site and Contractors Camp. To facilitate these activities, the I & P Department is

already in possession of enough land where these works can be executed. Proposed

locations for labor camp and batching plant site would also be accommodated in the

Irrigation Department land.

Mitigation Measures

• All the activities requiring land acquisition are to be planned by IPD. Private land is to

be acquired under the 1894 Land Acquisition Act and the cost of the land is to be

paid to the owners. An appropriate framework agreement should be completed and

signed by all the concerned parties.

• Social Action Plan (SAP) has been prepared to restore the livelihood of the affectees

(encroachers).


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 98

6.4.3.2 Social Impacts on Local Population due to Migrating Labor from other Parts of the Country

Adverse Environmental Impacts

There is a risk of adversely affecting the social life of the local population due to the arrival of

a large number of laborers from outside the area. Extra burden on the local infrastructure

and services e.g. medical facility, shops, restaurants, mosque, public transport etc. is also

anticipated.

Mitigation Measure

• The outside boundary of the camp should be fenced or walled for security reasons.

• Locating a labour camp at least 500m or ideally 1km away from the villages (local

settlement).

• Leisure facilities including play grounds, restaurant etc should be provided inside the

labour camp.

• All the unskilled labour and where possible skilled labour should be arranged locally.

• Pick and drop facilities should be arranged.

6.4.3.3 HIV/AIDS and other Communicable Diseases The Labor Camp, their interaction with truck drivers and like personnel are potential places

for the spread of HIV/AIDS if the incidence exists. Majority of the people living in the

surrounding of the Project, and potential Labor are not aware of the source, mode of

communication or consequences of HIV/AIDS. Although their religious and cultural value

system, to a large extent excludes the outbreak or rapid communication of HIV/AIDS, yet its

occurrence in such a situation cannot be precluded. It is necessary that along with other

communicable diseases like Cholera, Typhoid and Tuberculosis, awareness and preventive

campaigns are run from time to time in the Labor campus and the field offices of the Project

on Communicable diseases.

Mitigating Measures:

The Contractor shall:

• Arrange to run a proper campaign, in the labour camp, to make people aware of the

cause, mode of transmission and consequences of HIV/AIDS.

• Strengthen the existing local health & medical services for the benefit of the

labourers as well as the surrounding villages.


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 99

• Ensure proper cleanliness and hygienic conditions at labour camp by ensuring a

clean mess, proper drainage and suitable disposal of solid waste. Inoculation against

Cholera will be arranged at intervals recommended by Health Department.

• Keep all the camps, offices, material depots, machinery yards and work site open for

the inspection of health and safety measures, and related documents.

6.4.3.4 Existing Services & Employment (Positive Social Impacts) The economic analysis shows high economic benefits compared to costs. Salient economic

benefits of the project are:

• Improvement of available services in the area and opportunities for employment,

education, healthcare, transportation, especially for women and children.

• Easy marketing of agricultural products.

• Availability of jobs during construction phase shall employ and train a large number

of unemployed youth. They will receive a life time of benefits through skill training,

capacity building and poverty alleviation. A large number of semi-skilled and unskilled

workers in the project area will be hired.

• Greater awareness about Healthcare including HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis amongst the

labourers and the local community shall be created.

• At micro level, economic activities may bring the cost of living down by making

essential commodities available in greater bulk and at cheaper rates. This combined

with better employment opportunities will bring poverty line rate lower.

• Improvement in public parks will raise the aesthetic value of the area and will attract

tourism. Rehabilitation of the barrage structure will also have a positive impact on the

local tourism industry.

• Boost to agriculture through ensured and enhanced irrigation water.

• Increased economic activity with improved irrigation.

6.5 OPERATIONAL AND MANAGEMENT (O&M) PHASE

Rehabilitation & Up-gradation of Suleimanki Barrage will not make any alteration in the

Barrage operational process and therefore no any adverse impact is anticipated to induce

due to the implementation of the project. The flood bypass channel will be activated during

high flood only and less area will be inundated than the area usually inundated during high

flood after the completion of the project.

At operational phase of the proposed Project a comprehensive Operation and Management

Manual (O&M) shall be prepared by the Project Manager at the completion of the work as


NESPAK-AAB-DMC 100

per ISO Standards. An effective monitoring and evaluation has to be done as per O&M and

monitoring plan. Mistakes at operational level or handling the operations by untrained staff

can prove very risky and costly. Important points to be attended at the operational stage are

as follows:

(i) Develop comprehensive O&M Rules

(ii) Strict implementation of prescribed Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

(iii) Continuous evaluation of design efficiencies

(iv) Understanding and training of staff on Operation and Maintenance Manual

(v) Annual Environmental Audit

(vi) Regular maintenance of engineering works

(vii) Continued public consultation and feed back on it

(viii) Continued attention towards gender issues and women consultation

(ix) Irrigation system to run up to its design capacity and not beyond

(x) Refresher Training Courses for operational staff.

On the basis of the impact assessment, the project will improve environmental and social

condition of the area. No permanent adverse environmental impacts have been identified

due to the project implementation. All the adverse impacts resulting from the construction

activities are mitigable.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 101

CHAPTER 7: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

This chapter comprises a detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the project.

The EMP proposes an effective plan of action that will indicate responsibilities and required

measures to minimize the negative environmental & social impacts at various stages of the

project.

The Environmental Management Plan for the Project has been discussed under three main

components:

• Mitigation Plan

• Monitoring Programme

• Institutional Arrangements

Most of the mitigation activities planed in the EMP will be executed & cover under provisions

in the construction contract and with necessary agreement with the communities.

7.1 MITIGATION PLAN

The mitigation plan is a key component of EMP. The mitigation plan includes measures to

mitigate potential negative impacts and enhance its positive impacts during initial physical

works and normal operation of Irrigation System. This section outlines the potential impact of

rehabilitation works on the physical, biological and socioeconomic environment and their

associated mitigation measures as already identified in ESIA report of the Suleimanki

Barrage Project. It also assigns the responsibilities for implementing these measures.

• Lists of mitigation measures which will be directly covered by the environmentalist

and contractors and not those mitigation measures which are covered under civil or

mechanical work.

• The person(s) responsible for ensuring the implementation of the measures.

• The person(s) responsible for the monitoring.

• Parameters to be monitored for the effective implementation of measures.

• A time scale for the implementation of measures to ensure that the objective of

mitigation plan are fully met.

The Mitigation and Monitoring Plan for the activities likely to have a direct impact on the

environment is presented in EMP table.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 102

7.2 MITIGATION OF ADVERSE IMPACTS AT DESIGN PHASE

Majority of negative impacts can be avoided (eliminated) through the use of adequate and

environmentally sound technical design. The Project has however been designed on the

basis of the lessons learnt from similar projects and major design initiatives undertaken to

avoid any major negative impacts are as follows:

1. Necessary measures should be taken to exclude any big deposits of soil or debris

anywhere.

2. To ensure the availability of water at the tail ends of canals off take from Sulemanki

Barrage.

3. As far as possible appropriate indigenous technology and knowledge should be

utilized while planning and designing the project.

4. Improve flood fighting plan by strengthening embankments, provision of flood bypass

channel and Barrage structure.

7.3 MITIGATION ADVERSE IMPACT AT CONSTRUCTION PHASE

To reduce the potential impacts of the construction activities there will be a monitoring

programme to assess contractor’s compliance/performance with the project EMP during

construction phase.

The contract document will contain requirements for:

(i) Proper management of construction waste.

(ii) Control measures for waste fuel disposal.

(iii) Reduction of oil/lubricants, spill or leakage, noise and dust level.

(iv) Rehabilitation of areas used for construction detours and sites used for temporarily

storage of construction materials.

(v) Proper use and maintenance of equipment with appropriate noise and smoke

abatement.

(vi) Restoration of borrow areas (whether on state land or private land).

(vii) Other requirements as obligation of the contractor emanating from the EMP.

(vii) Specific provisions will also be included to make it mandatory to use formal health

and safety measures including protection against Communicable diseases and

Hepatitis. Group insurance measures to minimize accidents and avoiding fatalities

during the construction process.

(viii) Advisory element to address a number of other issues will also be included in the

contract. These will include:


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 103

− Road Closure

For transporting construction material or conveying heavy machinery to the site, the rural

roads passing near or through village(s) may have to be closed temporarily and access of

public for certain period may have to be blocked. The dates, timings and duration of such

period will need to be agreed with authorities and communities.

− Cultural and Historical Resources

Communities shall be requested to identify in the field, all known sites of cultural and

historical value that may be affected by the Project, for protective actions by the contractor.

− Archaeological Field Support

The Government of the Punjab will make available (on demand) a qualified archaeologist to

conduct field investigations when important search work and new material sites area

opened. No such site is yet in view but just in case it does, the services of archaeologist will

be obtained.

− Graveyard and Burials

If unrecorded graveyards and/or burials are found during the courses of construction

activities, the supervising agency will contact and work with local religious authorities within

the immediate Project area to allow for possible identification of the remains and where

appropriate, properly undertake relocation and burial.

− Local Employment

The contractor will be advised to arrange locals as unskilled labour and skilled workers are

easily available from local communities as and when required. It is desirable that maximum

employment benefits are made available to local communities.

− Land Acquisition and other Compensations

During the community consultation, in the Project area, it was made clear by the

communities that they would expect due compensation, if their buildings, trees or land were

affected or destroyed during construction activities or any of its allied structures. Social

Action Plan has been prepared to address the social impacts of the Project.

− Resource use Agreement – Construction Materials

Earth is commonly available in abundance around the Barrage area. Stones are available

from District Sargodha and Margalla hills. Yet there may be a need for additional agreement

with public to obtain certain materials. In that case the farmland should be given the last


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 104

priority in procuring the fill material when inevitable, however, due compensation should be

paid. Whenever the borrow pits are dug, considerable care should be taken in their location.

The site may invariably be rehabilitated after use. Ideal situation would be that the site is

made good to a condition similar to that prior to the project. It will be helpful if Plategraphs of

pre-project condition are used for the purpose of comparison.

− Resource Use Agreements – Water

Although ample quantity of groundwater is available in the Project area, yet the contractor

will be required to confirm the quality and demand detail and indicate source of water prior to

the start of construction. Disposal plan for wastewater without polluting the fertile soil, river

water or ambient air, shall be produced by the contractor for approval of The

Engineer/Project Director.

7.4 MONITORING PLAN

Monitoring Plan is an essential component of the Environment Management Plan (EMP).

Implementation of the EMP shall be the contractual obligation of the Contractor. For that the

Contractor shall engage full time technical staff capable of carrying out the suggested

measures in the EMP as contractual obligations under the contract agreement. The

construction supervision consultant shall also have a full time Environmental specialist to

provide an overall professional cover to the environmental monitoring process and the

procedures and initiate required reports and point out any gaps in the implementation of the

mitigation measures or enforcement of the measures of the EMP. Environmental unit (EU)

under PMO will be responsible of the overall implementation of EMP and provide technical

guidance to the construction supervision consultants and contractors.

The Parameters, frequency, responsibility and mitigation measures for monitoring have been

described in comprehensive Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP).


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 105

Environmental Mitigation & Monitoring Paln

Sr. No.

Project component

Description Measures / Actions Responsibility Parameters for Monitoring

Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

A- LAND RESOURCES

1 Borrow materials from earth borrowing site.

Barrow Material: Soil excavation from

the designated area of

the site will be required

for the strengthening of

the embankment and

construction of coffer

dams. Construction of

flood bypass channel

will generate soil

material which could be

used as fill material

provided it meets the

engineering

parameters. Contractor

has to get approval of

the borrowing area from

Consultant’s

1.1 Ensure that

selected borrow areas

are clearly demarcated

with barricading fenced

before starting any soil

removing and no soil

removal is undertaken

outside the demarcated

area.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Records of clear

boundary marker

demarked in

place

BC

Once before start of

excavation

BOQ

1.2 Ensure that

Photographs are taken

of the area before and

after the restoration of

the borrowing site

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Plategraphs

records

BC, DC, AC BOQ

1.3 Ensure that the

excavation for fill

material is restricted to

specified depth.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliances

with

Specification

DC

Check once a week

on typical working

day

SFA


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 106

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Project component


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Executor Monitor

Environmental

Specialist and EU of

PMO before commence

excavation on site

Excavation and earth

movement activities

may generate the dust

and affect the air quality

of the surrounding area.

Material to be used for

the construction of the

coffer dams will include

silt for core filling, soil

material for random

filling.

1.5 Ensure that the

surface drainage is

provided to control the

surface run off

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Control in place.

Their

effectiveness in

case of rain

BC, DC

Once before

construction

Once a week on a

typical working day

BOQ

1.6 Ensure that the

movement of earth

moving machinery is

limited to the work

area.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance

Site inspections

DC:

Daily

Once a month

BOQ

1.7 Ensure that Erosion

protection measures

are taken, such as

retaining wall (if

require), avoidance of

steep cut

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Visible signs of

any soil erosion

DC

Monthly basis

Once after rain

BOQ

1.8 If agricultural land

is used as borrowing

area then the land will

be restored by the

contractor and follow

the following steps

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

A detailed

protocol in

checklist

DC, AC

Daily

At completion of

excavation

When required

BOQ


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Project component


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• Remove first 15cm

top soil and keep it

on site to re-spread

after completion of

the excavation.

• Excavation of the

earth fill be limited

to an approximate

depth of 90cm.

• Stabilized the slope

during the

excavation.

1.9 Ensure that the

borrow area to be

levelled as far as

possible and top soil

restored.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Plategraphs

record

DC, AC

When required

BOQ

1.10 Ensure that

complete

documentation for the

borrow areas is

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Records BC, DC

At the start of the

excavation.

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 108

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Project component


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maintained i.e. volume

excavated, date,

levelling date after

completion of

excavation

1.11 Ensure that

regular water sprinkling

carry out during

executing of excavation

to mitigate the dust

pollution.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

2 Construction of new Access Road and Widening of Existing Roads

New roads will not

require providing the

access to the

contractor’s facilities i.e.

batching plant, material

yard, labour camp etc.

Access roads for the

approach to the boat

bridge will require.

There is ample IPD

land available on site

2.1 Contractor will

furnish the traffic

management plan,

according to the

recommendations

made in ESIA and must

be implemented in

order to control the

traffic.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

specification

BC, DC

When required

Direct Cost

2.2 Ensure that the

temporary rout(s) are

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

Compliance BC, DC

Daily

BOQ


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Project component


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Executor Monitor

the suggested layout of

the access roads does

not require private land

acquisition.

The general mobility of

local community their

livestock as well as

their business activities

and clientele in and

around the construction

area may be hindered.

Unchecked speeding

may cause human and

livestock injuries and

fatalities as a result of

highway accidents.

adequate for the

existing traffic plus the

site traffic.

EU When required

2.3 Ensure that regular

water sprinkling is

carried out to mitigate

the dust pollution.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place DC

When required

BOQ

2.4 Ensure that the

traffic sign board

regarding revised road

layout and change in

speed limit or new

speed breakers are

placed at least one Km

from the alteration.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance

Plategraphs

DC

Daily

When required

Direct Cost

2.5 Ensure that the

alternative route is

designed on the basis

of the traffic survey

conducted by the

contractor.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance BC

Once at start of the

allied work

Direct Cost

2.6 Ensure that mobility CEnv CSCEnv Compliance DC BOQ


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Project component


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of the men and animal

is not hindered due to

the construction

activity.

PMO-

EU

Social Survey Daily

When required

2.7 Any damage to the

land, property or

existing roads from the

contractor’s activities

will be remediated by

the contractor at the

earliest possibility.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Record

Plategraphs

DC

Once at the start of

the work

When required

SFA

3 Site for Disposal of Construction Waste Material

It has generally been

observed that at

completion of

construction the waste

material is dumped at

the site without proper

planning. The material

from the coffer dams

will be in significant

quantity and will require

proper disposal site.

3.1 Ensure that the

selected disposal site is

marked and fenced

before starting the work

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Record BC BOQ

3.2 Ensure that

Photographs are taken

of the area before and

after dumping the

waste

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Plategraphs

record

BC, DC

Once before start

When required

BOQ

3.3 Ensure that all

trucks used for the

CEnv CSCEnv

System in Place BC, DC


BOQ


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Project component


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transportation of waste

construction material

are covers and

watertight

PMO-

EU

work

When required

3.4 Ensure contractor’s

obligations define in

contract document are

followed.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

Daily

BOQ

3.5 Ensure that the

movement of lifting

machinery and vehicles

is limited to the

disposal site.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in Place DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

3.6 Ensure that waste

properly disposed off,

compacted and cover

in a manner that does

not affect the natural

drainage.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

Daily

After every rain fall

When required

BOQ

3.7 Ensure dumping

and levelling on site

only as agreed per

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

Follow Contract

Documents and

complete SFA

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 112

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Project component


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Executor Monitor

contract agreement

and SFA (in case

private land used)

EU

4 Installation of Batching Plant

Land Requirement: Ample waste land is

available near barrage

to establish batching

plant.

Land Contamination Dumping of waste fresh

concrete may

contaminate the land

Raw material: Raw material for the

construction work

mainly include cement,

sand, aggregate, steel,

water lubricants, fuel

and additives. The

4.1 Ensure that no

private land is used to

establish the Batching

plant. Contractor needs

to get approval from

CSCEnv and PMO-EU

if he/she uses any

private land for this

purpose. Contractor will

pay for the private land.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance BC

Once at the time of

installation of

Batching Plant

SFA

4.2 Ensure that the

location of the batching

plant is at least 500 m

from the villages (main

settlement) and out of

the prevailing wind. If

the selected location is

less than 500m from

the living area than it

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

specification

BC

Once before

installation of

Batching Plant

SFA


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 113

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

material will be stock

pilled at the area

provided by IPD near

the batching plant. Wind direction While installing the

batching plant the

direction of the wind

should be consider.

has to be zero

emission plant.

4.3 Ensure that land

contamination from the

batching plant, during

transportation and

dumping of the wasted

fresh concrete is

controlled through

careful working of the

Contractor’s crews to

avoid spillage of

concrete and dumping

of waste concrete on

private land. Carry

fresh concrete in

mobile concrete drums

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place DC

Daily

When required

SFA

4.4 If the selected

location is next to the

control water body i.e.

Sutlej River or active

canal then the area for

CEnv CSCEnv

Design and

prepare the

Batching Plant

area by a

competent

BC

At the stage of

establishing

batching plant

DC

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 114

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Project component


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Executor Monitor

batching plant should

be bunded with an

impermeable layer to

stop contaminating the

river or canal water

from the surface run off

in case of rain or

otherwise. The area

should be maintained

on regular basis.

PMO-

EU

person.

Plategraphs

record

Weekly inspection

When required

4.5 Ensure that leak /

spill record is

maintained for each

incident of spill or

damaged vehicles.

Damaged/defected

vehicles will not be

operated unless

repaired.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

Daily

When requiredd

BOQ

4.6 Ensure that the

material is stocked

pilled at the designated

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

specification

BC/DC

At the time of

establishment of

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 115

Sr. No.

Project component


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Executor Monitor

area provided by IPD

near the construction

site.

Batching Plant

4.7 Ensure that surface

drainage is not blocked

due to the pilling of the

raw material.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place DC

Daily

Once a month after

each rain.

BOQ

4.8 Ensure that the

location of the batching

plant is such that the

wind direction may be

away from the

settlement

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance BC

Once at the time of

installation of

Batching Plant.

BOQ

5 Contractor’s Camp Location and Workshop.

Land Requirement: There is ample IPD

land available around

the project area for the

contractor’s camp,

officer hostel, work

shop etc. So no private

land will be acquired for

the construction of

5.1 Ensure that no

private land is used to

construct the contractor

camp and workshop.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance BC

Once at the Time

of camp

establishment

BOQ

5.2 Ensure that the

location of the labour

camp will be at a

distance of 500m from

the major local

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Measured

distance

BC

Once before the

establishment of the

camp.

BOQ


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Project component


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these facilities. IPD will

arrange land for the

labour camp

construction and

batching plant.

Disposal of Waste water. The unmanaged

disposal of wastewater,

generated from labour

camp & vehicle

washing area, will

contaminate land. The

contractor can use the

existing disposal

system (for offices and

official residence) after

making necessary

renovation / expansion

of the system. However

the existing disposal

system can not cope

with the wastewater

settlement.

5.3 IPD will provide

space near the barrage

to establish contractor’s

camp and workshop.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance BC

Once before the

establishment of the

camp

BOQ

5.4 Ensure that

Photographs of

adjacent area of camp

site and other features

are taken prior to any

activity which will be

used as a reference

when restoring of site

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Plategraph

records

BC:

Once before

construction activity

BOQ

5.5 Ensure that room

size is as per standard

specification.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance per

specification

BC:

During camp design

phase

BOQ

5.6 Ensue that

domestic washing

areas are demarcated

and water from

washing areas and

kitchen is released in

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in

places

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ


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generated from labour

camp.

Utilities: Contractor will

share with IPD for the

facilities of water

supply, telephone lines

and electricity on

payment basis. Disposal of solid waste. Unmanaged

disposal of waste will

contaminate land.

Existing disposal

arrangement can be

used after making

necessary renovation /

expansion of the

system by the

contractor.

sumps

5.7 Ensure septic tank

of appropriate design

are used for sewage

treatment and outlets

released into sumps,

further treatment

system or used for

agriculture.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in

places

BC, DC

Once before start of

work

When required

BOQ

5.8 Ensure that

latrines, septic tanks,

and sumps are built at

a safe distance from

water hole (tube wells

or hand pump), stream,

or dry streambed and

the bottom of the sump

is above the ground

water level.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance BC

During design

phase of camp set

up and waste

treatment system

BOQ

5.9 Ensure that Sumps

are:

• In absorbent

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance per

specification

BC

Once at the Time

of camp

BOQ


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soil

• Down – slope

and away from

the camp

• Downstream

from the camp

water source

and above the

high watermark

of any nearby

water body (if

any)

establishment

5.10. Ensure that

effective drainage

system is in place at

site

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place BC


work

BOQ

5.11 Ensure that

existing wastewater

disposal system is not

overstressed, if used.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System analysis

On-going

consultation with

local authorities

DC

Monthly basis

BOQ

5.13. Contractor make

assessment and carry

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

System in place DC

When requiredd

Direct Cost


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out renovation /

expansion works of

existing facilities in

consultation with IPD.

IPD to assist the

contractor in this regard

EU

5.14 Ensure the

application of Solid

Waste Management

Plan, as described in

ESIA:

- Material suitable for

recycling, collect

separately in three

bin system and sold

- Combustible waste

burnt at burn pit

only

- Non- combustible,

non recyclable

garbage sent to the

designated landfill

CEnv CSCEnv

CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Implementation

of Waste

Disposal Plan

BC, DC

Once before

establishing

Contractor’s Camp

Daily during

Construction Phase

When required

BOQ


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site in an area.

- Medical waste

transported to any

hospital incineration

plant

- Solid residue from the

septic tank will be

transported to

municipal sewage

facilities at the

nearest place

- Contaminated soil

sent to burn pit or

landfill.

Direct Cost

6 Relocation of Camps, Material Storage area, Batching Plant and Special Approaches Routes and Roads.

Land Requirement: The recommended

locations for Batching

Plant, Labour Camp

site and contractor’s

camp are approachable

through provincial

roads. Therefore no

6.1 If happened

contractor obligations

defined as per Contract

documents and SFA

agreement

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

SFA

BC

When requiredd

SFA

6.2 If the contractor

selects different

location for the

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance BC

At the set up of the

Batching Plant,

BOQ


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private land will require

for access roads. Batching Plant, labour

camp etc from the

recommended

locations than the

contractor will develop

base line data for the

new location on his

own cost, resources

and get approval from

the CSCEnv and PMO.

Labour Camp etc

7 Access Tracks Damage paths roads and linear fixtures crossed/damaged by moving machinery moving to and from the construction site: Heavy traffic may

damage the existing

roads or private

property. Contractor will

carry out necessary

repair work.

7.1 No specific action is

required except that the

contractor has to

remain vigilant that the

moving machinery

should remain within

the boundary of I&P

Department land

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

map

Site inspections

DC

Daily

Once a month

7.2 After completion of

construction work all

the damaged roads will

be restored by the

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance AC

When requiredd

BOQ


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contractor, as it is

involved in contractor’s

obligations.

7.3 Ensure that gravel

is dumped only on

locations allowed by

the Consultants and

dumping of gravel does

not result in blocking of

traffic or damaging

vegetation.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance to

civil drawing

Site Inspections

DC


work

On monthly basis

BOQ

7.4 Ensure that

construction corridors

along the access road

are marked

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

Daily

Monthly basis

BOQ

7.5 Ensure that the

access roads do not

block the natural

drainage and culverts

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Control in place DC


work

BOQ

7.6 Ensure that surface

run-off controls are

installed and

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Control in place DC

Once after every

rain storm

BOQ


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maintained so as to

minimize soil erosion

and ponding of area

with rain water

7.7 Ensure adherence

to the speed limit of 40

km/hr at the access

roads

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

When requiredd

BOQ

7.8 Ensure that

construction corridor is

monitored and repairs

are undertaken when

required

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in Place DC

Daily

When requiredd

BOQ

7.9 Ensure that

vegetation clearing will

be minimized and no

tree will uprooted

without prior

permission of

consultant.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

EIA/EMMP

DC

When requiredd

Once a month

BOQ

7.10 Ensure that the

disposal of cleared

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

Site Inspections

Implementation

DC

Daily

BOQ


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vegetation is not in a

manner that may affect

the blockage of natural

drainage

EU of Waste

Disposal Plan

Once a month

8 Waste Disposal Management

This component

describes the waste

disposal plan that will

be employed during the

construction and

restoration period. The

main types of waste to

be disposed of will be:

Fuel, oils, and

chemicals (empty

drums, contaminated

soil etc); Sewage;

Campsite waste;

Medical waste;

Demolition waste; and

Packing waste, Excess

construction material.

8.1 Ensure that the

selected construction

waste disposal site is

demarked before

starting the work

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance BC/DC

When required

BOQ

8.2 Ensure that

Photographs of the

area of the nominated

waste disposal site are

collected to restore the

site at the completion

of the construction

phase

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Plategraphs

record

BC/DC


work

When required

Once a month

BOQ

8.3 Ensure that all the

waste generated from

different locations must

be disposed off

according to the waste

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in Place DC

As and When

required

BOQ

Direct Cost


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Disposal Plan.

8.4 Ensure that all

trucks used for the

transportation of waste

construction material

must be covered and

watertight

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in Place DC

When required

BOQ

8.5 It is a contractor’s

contractual obligation

to complete and follow

the SFA if any private

land damage due to

disposal of waste

generated from the

construction activities

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

SFA

Environmental

Audit

DC

Once a week When

required

SFA

8.6 Ensure that the

movement of lifting

machinery and vehicles

is limited to the work

area.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

8.7 Ensure that soils

properly disposed of in

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

Site Inspections DC

As and When

BOQ


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a manner that does not

affect the natural

drainage

EU required

9 Land contamination due to spill of lubricants, fuel, chemicals and other waste material

The construction

machinery includes

cranes, trucks, loaders/

dumber and batching

plants will be used

during the construction

period. There are

chances of

contaminating of the

land due to release of

contaminated effluents,

accidental spill, leaks,

run of from the material

storage yard etc.

9.1 Ensure that the

maintenance of vehicle

and other plant takes

place only in

designated areas

underlined with

concrete slabs and a

system to catch surface

runoff.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance

System in place

DC

Daily

As and When

required

BOQ

9.2 Ensure effluents

from rig washing and

other potentially

contaminated effluents

are released in mud pit

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place DC

When required

BOQ

9.3 Ensure that fuels,

oils, and other

hazardous substances

are handled and stored

according to standard

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in Place DC

Once in week When

required

BOQ


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safety practices such

as secondary

containment bunded

area. Fuel tanks should

be labeled accordingly

9.4 Ensure that fuels,

oils, and chemical are

stored in areas lined by

an impermeable base

and containing dykes.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place DC

Once every 15-

days

Once a month

BOQ

9.5 Ensure spills are

avoided during fuel and

oil transfer operations.

Appropriate

arrangements, such as

minimize carrying

around site, if require

carry in proper

container or vehicles.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place

Arrangements in

place

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

9.6 Keep spillage kit

including shovels,

plastic bags, absorbent

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place DC

Daily

Once a month

BOQ


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materials and sand

bags are kept available

near fuel and oil

storage areas.

9.7 Ensure that

refueling of vehicles is

planned on daily basis

to minimize travel and

chances of spill

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Work Planning DC

Daily

BOQ

9.8 Ensure that

operating vehicles are

checked for any fuel,

oil, or battery fluid

leakage regularly

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

9.9 Ensure that

incidents of leak / spill

record is maintained for

each vehicle and

repairs affected

vehicles at the earliest

opportunity. Leaking

vehicles will not be

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place

Maintain Record

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ


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operated unless

repaired.

9.10 Soil contaminated

by minor spill (covering

an area up to 0.1 m²

and 75 mm deep) will

be collected and

disposed at burn pit.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

When required

BOQ

9.11 Ensure that soil

contaminated by

moderate spills or leaks

(up to 200 lifters) is

contained using

shovels, sand and soil.

The contaminated soil

will be removed from

the site and send it to

landfill site or burn pit

as require. Major spills

of volume exceeding

200liters will be

handled and controlled

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

When required

Once a month

BOQ


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by a specialized

contractor as

suggested in Waste

Disposal Plan

10 Agricultural land and crop destruction.

It is envisage that no

agricultural land is

involved for the

establishing of the

contractor’s facilities i.e.

batching plant, labour

camp, contractor’s

camp, material yard,

workshop etc.

Accidental damage to

the crop or agricultural

land may happen due

to mistake of

contractor’s vehicle

driver or labour.

10.1 Ensure that

destruction of

agricultural land is

avoided by controlling

the work activities and

vehicles movement by

the trained banksman.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Implementation

of Contractor’s

contractual

obligation

DC

Daily

When required

SFA

10.2 If it is absolutely

unavoidable and

private land or crop

damage from the

contractor’s activities

then the affecties will

be compensated and

SFA completed by the

contractor

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance SFA DC

When required

SFA

11 Any discharge or diversion of

No graveyard /

archeological site are

11.1 If during

construction such sites

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

Site Inspections DC

Daily

Direct Cost


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water to a graveyard or archeological site.

found in the project

area so no such

situation may occur in

the area.

are found and

discharge or diversion

of water likely to

damage the site then it

is a contractor’s

obligation not to let it

happen.

EU When required

11.2 Solve the problem

by collaboration with

the communities as per

SFA.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance SFA DC

When required

SFA

12 Electric & Mechanical Works.

Renovation of electric

and mechanical

installations of the

existing barrage will be

carried out in situ so

there will be no impact

on the land resources

due to this activity.

No action is required

13 Extended Canal Closure.

The construction

activities require canal

closure will be

13.1. Ensure that the

extended canal closure

is avoided by planning

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance of

Work Plan

DC

When required

Once a month

BOQ


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scheduled in such a

way that it must be

finished within normal

canal closure period

and avoided extended

canal closure. If require

construct cofferdam or

temporary structure to

maintain routine

discharge into the all

three canals

the work activities.

13.2 In case of

emergency avoid full

closure of canal by

setting up cofferdam.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

When required

Direct Cost

13.3 Cofferdams or

temporary diverted

routes of canals will be

constructed by a

competent staff or sub-

contractor to keep

running the canals

during work activities, if

required.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Site Inspections

Appointment

process

DC

When requiredd

BOQ

B-

WATER RESOURCES

14 Construction of Coffer Dams.

Contamination: Contamination of the

river water from soil

material during

construction and

14.1 Ensure that soil

material used for the

construction/dismantlin

g of the coffer dam

should not contaminate

CEnv CSCEnv

Compliance with

method

statement

Site Inspections

DC, AC

During

construction/disma-

ntling of the coffer

dam

BOQ


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removal of the coffer

dams may

consequently affecting

the aquatic life,

particularly downstream

fisheries.

the river water in terms

of suspended solids,

pH, oil based material

to impact adversely on

the aquatic life,

particularly

downstream fisheries

by adopting good

engineering practice.

PMO-

EU

Once a month

14.2 Carry out water

testing to ensure the

setting up /dismantling

and operation of the

cofferdam do not

adversely impacting of

control water bodies

(river, canals).

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Laboratory

based and on

site Water

testing of control

water

DC

Monthly basis of on

site testing

Quarterly basis of

laboratory base

testing

Direct Cost

14.3 The Contractor

will consult with the

environmentalist from

the supervising

consultant to get the

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance BC/DC

At the set up and

dismantling

Cofferdam

BOQ


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approval of

construction/dismantlin

g process and location

of the cofferdam.

15 Batching Plant Use of water: Preparation of concrete

at the batching plant

would need water free

from sediments and

high salt

concentrations,

particularly sulphates. Ground water in vicinity

of the river will meet

this requirement.

Therefore, the

contractor will install

tube well at the site to

meet this requirement.

Water may also be

needed for curing the

concrete. For this the

15.1 Ensure that

pumping of the ground

water will not affect the

private or public tube

well in the near vicinity

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance BC

Before establishing

new tube well

BOQ

15.2 Ensure that

contractor use the

water free from

sediments and high salt

concentration for the

preparation of concrete

at the batching plant.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

When required

Daily

BOQ

15.3 Ensure that

wastewater or surface

runoff generating

during rain from the

batching plant should

not enter in to the river

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Site Inspections DC

Daily

When required

BOQ


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contractor will use river

water.

Disposal of waste water: Waste water

generated from the

batching plant will be

loaded with cement and

fine aggregate.

Disposal of this water

into the river will affect

the water quality and

consequently affecting

the aquatic life.

The suitable site for the

batching plant is

indicated on figure 3.1.

without treatment.

15.4 Ensure the

effluent meet the

NEQS level through

impounding or other

type of treatment

before this is disposed

off in to the river.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

contractual

obligation.

Effluent testing

(if generated)

DC

When required

Monthly basis

BOQ

15.5 Ensure that

Engineer to oversee

that the contract

clauses are complied

by the contractor.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

Daily

BOQ

16 Drinking Water Supply & Wastewater Generated from Contractor’s Camp &

Water Consumption: The contractor will

require arranging water

supply at the camp for

consumptive as well as

for the use at work

16.1 Ensure water

source for domestic

use i.e. camp site

tab(s) or extraction well

will be monitored.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place

Water testing

DC

Quarterly basis

Direct Cost

16.2 Ensure that CEnv CSCEnv Compliance with DC BOQ


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Workshop shop for washing and

otherwise. This may be

required from the

existing water resource

available with IPD for

the use at the colony or

install a new tube well.

The arrangement will

be made in consultation

with Consultant and

PMO. Disposal of Waste water and other waste effluents: The

contractor’s camp will

generate wastewater

from two sources, viz.,

residential area and

workshop. Both the

wastewaters will have

different types of

contaminants, i.e.

drinking water standard

should be maintained

while supplying water

to the labour camp and

also regular water

testing and monitoring

should be done.

PMO-

EU

WHO drinking

water standards

Quarterly testing Direct Cost

16.3 Ensure that local

water supplier is

compensated for the

water if extracted from

the existing water

supply system for the

community.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

When required

BOQ

16.4 the contractor will

provide wastewater

treatment facilities

separately for both

types of wastewater

(domestic wastewater

& construction

wastewater)

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

contractual

obligation

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ


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domestic wastewater

contains human excreta

while the latter will have

oil and grease.

Disposal of untreated

wastewater in to the

river may pollute river

water and affect the

aquatic life.

16.5 Ensure that

sewage and other

waste effluents are

handled properly to

avoid contaminating

the control water

bodies.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance of

contractual

obligation

Effluents testing

BC, DC

At the design stage

of waste treatment

system

Quarterly Basis

BOQ

17 Electrical & Mechanical Work

Renovation of electrical

and mechanical

installations of the

existing barrage will be

carried out in situ.

Accidental spill or

leakage of chemicals or

oil based material could

contaminates the river

water and adversely

affect the aquatic life.

17.1 Ensure good

house keeping to avoid

any accidental spill or

leakage into the river.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Site inspection

by the technical

staff

DC

When requiredd

Daily

BOQ

17.2 The contractor will

provide suitable

working platform e.g.

scaffolding or mobile

working tower, if

require to avoid

accidental spill.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance

Site inspection

DC

When required

Daily

BOQ

C- AIR QUALITY


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AND NOISE POLLUTION

18 Dust, smoke and other potential pollutants from Plants & equipments

A vast variety of

construction plant and

machinery including but

not limited to

bulldozers, dumpers

generators, Batching

Plant and vehicles will

be used during the

construction phase.

These construction

activities will generate

dust, smoke and other

potential pollutants in

the air.

18.1 Ensure that all

equipment, generator

and vehicles used

during the project are

properly tuned and

maintained in good

working condition, in

order to minimize the

exhaust emissions

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Monitoring

gaseous

emission rates

from generator

and other key

equipment

DC

Quarterly basis

Noise level When

required

BOQ

18.2 If the selected

site for batching plant is

closer than 500m from

the build-up area than

ensure that zero emission plant is

installed.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place BC

Once at start of the

work

BOQ

18.3 Ensure that dust

emissions due to

vehicular traffic are

minimized by reducing

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Visible dust:

Visible

observation of

size of dust

DC

Daily

During peak

Construction

BOQ


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speed, vehicular traffic

minimized through

good journey

management and water

sprinkling on non-

mettle road When

required.

clouds Period.

Surprise visit

Once a week

18.4 Ensure that

periodic Ambient air

quality is monitoring to

assess the

concentration of

Carbon Monoxide (

CO), Carbon Dioxide

(CO2), Nitrogen Dioxide

(NO2), Sulphur Dioxide

(SO2) and Particulate

Matter / (PM10) in the

atmosphere.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

Quarterly basis

Direct Cost

19 Smoke from burning of waste material

It is a Contractor’s

responsibility to provide

clean source of fuel i.e.

19.1 Contractor’s

obligations to provide

gas to the labour and

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance

contractual

obligations

BC


work

BOQ


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or burning of firewood in the

labour camp

sui gas such that the

site worker do not burn

wood as fuel. Burning

special waste (clinical

waste, packing waste

etc) may emit

poisoness or hazardous

emission.

not allow them to use

wood as fuel.

DC

Once a week

19.2 Ensure that all the

combustible non-

hazardous waste

material should be

burnt in the burn pit.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place DC

Daily

When required

BOQ


quantity of waste burnt

at one time is managed

so as to minimize

smoke emission

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Maintain record DC

When required

BOQ

19.4 control fuel

consumption and

minimize its waste or

leakage by regular

monitoring

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Maintain record DC

When required

BOQ

20 Noise Pollution from Construction Activities

The use of old/outdated

machinery may raise

the noise level during

the construction phase.

The contractor will use

20.1 Contractor’s

obligation is to use

appropriate and fit for

purpose machinery

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

the contract

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

20.2 Ensure the CEnv CSCEnv Compliance DC BOQ


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the appropriate

machinery to carry out

the work.

minimum use of vehicle

horns particularly

during embankments

strengthening work

along the pond area

PMO-

EU

Daily

When required

20.3 Ensure the

implementation of the

20km/h speed limit on

site.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

20.4 Ensure that

periodic noise

monitoring is

undertaken to access

the noise pollution

during working hours.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Noise Monitoring DC

Monthly basis

When required

Direct Cost

D- BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES

21 Damage to biological resources during construction.

The pond area at the

upstream of the

barrage consists on

wetland and provide

habitat of wildlife

21.1 When aligning the

access road ensure

that the chosen route

require minimum

vegetation loss and no

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance BC

Once at the time of

aligning of access

road

BOQ


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including water fowl,

otters and soft-shell

turtles. Al-most all the

work activities are

outside the Barrage

pond area.

For other project

activities contractor

may require to clear

vegetation from the

areas to be used for:

- Borrowing soil

material

- Establishing

Construction Camp

- Erecting Batching

Plant

- Haulage Tracks

Including Guide banks

Bela trimming / partial

tree cutting

21.2 Ensure wood and

shrubs are not used as

fuel during construction

phase

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

EIA/EMMP

DC

Daily

Once a month

BOQ

21.3 Ensure that there

is no open defecating

in the vicinity of camps

or construction site.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

Waste Disposal

Plan

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

21.4 Ensure that no fire

arms are carried out by

any of the employees

or labour, except

designated security

staff if require.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance

Site inspection

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

21.5 Ensure that safe

driving practices is

observed so that the

accidental killing of

reptiles or small

animals crossing the

road could be avoided

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

EIA/EMMP

Endorse speed

limit

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ


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removal may adversely

impact the wildlife of

the area due to noise

and heavy machinery

movements

21.6 Ensure that

damage to the natural

topography and

landscape is kept

minimum as possible

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

Environmental

protection Act

BC/DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

21.7 Ensure that no-

hunting, trapping and

or harassing wildlife.

The wildlife policy will

be strictly observed.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

wildlife

protection rules

& regulation

BC/DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

21.8 Ensure that

fishing in the river by

the project staff is

prohibited

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

Fishery roles &

regulation

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ


general awareness of

the crew is enhanced

regarding the wildlife,

through environmental

training and notice

boards.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

Environmental

and Wildlife

Protection laws

DC

Daily

When required

Direct Cost


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 144

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Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

21.10 Ensure that no

project vehicle or staff

is allowed to access in

the restricted areas due

to security and wildlife

habitat.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Site inspections

Fenced the

contractor’s

facilities

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

21.11 Ensure that

shouting permit should

not be given by the

Wildlife Department for

the shooting in Barrage

pond area during the

construction phase.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Consultation with

Wildlife

Department

DC

When required

BOQ

21.12 Ensure that site

workers are protected

from harmful species of

animals.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

mitigation

measures as

explain in EIA

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

21.15 Ensure that river

ecology is monitored

prior to the start of the

project, during

construction and post

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Include a

specialize

ecologist in the

environmental

team

BC

At the preparation

of EIA

DC

Quarterly basis

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 145

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

construction

21.16 Ensure that

excavating activities for

the bela trimming

purpose are carried out

preferably during fish

non-breading season

(April to June). Monitor

turbidity on regular

basis during excavating

activities.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Site inspection

and work

planning

DC

When required

BOQ

E- SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ISSUES

22 Health & Safety Impacts on Site Work Force and Local

Population at Risk: The main settlement

being located far from

the project site,

22.1 The contractor will

impart to the training to

the workers on safety

matter.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

As per contract BC/DC

When required

Direct Cost


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 146

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

Population therefore it is unlikely to

emplace any health &

safety hazards for the

local population due to

the project activities. However there will be

safety and health

hazards for the work

force, particularly for

the people working on

the repair/ renovation of

gates and hoists and

installing electric

equipments under a

condition of full

impoundment of the

barrage pond.

22.2 Ensure Compliant

Management Register

and Accident Record

Register is maintained

at Camp site office.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Maintain Record

Compliance

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

22.3 Ensure no

machinery is left

unattended at working

site

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

PMO-

EU

Maintain plants

log sheet

Site inspections

DC

Daily

When required

Once a month

BOQ

22.4 Ensure PMO

representative visits

monthly to gather

complaints from

Social/Environment

Complaints

Management Register

and provide feedback

to the community on

the status of the

PMO-EU CSCEnv

PMO

Maintain

Complain

Management

Register

DC

Daily

Monthly basis

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 147

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

previous complaints to

the community elders.

22.5 Ensure the use of

horns is prohibited ,

except when necessary

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Display sign

boards

Compliance

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

22.6 Ensure all entry

points in to the

construction area are to

be staffed 24 hours a

day.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance

Provision of 24h

security

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ


driving practices are

adopted, particularly

while passing close to

settlements. This

includes a speed limit

of 40km/h within build

up (residential area)

and 20km/h on site.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Implementation

of traffic

management

plan

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

23 Existing service facilities like

Social consultation will

be done and all impacts

23.1 Service facilities

may be leagalized

CEnv CSCEnv

Contractor’s

obligation

DC

Daily

SFA


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Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

education, health, electricity, drinking water supply and public gathering, religious congregations etc

influencing the

communities will be

defined and all these

factors will be added

and incorporated in the

contract document of

the contractor and SFA

of the communities

through SFA. PMO-

EU

defined in

contract data

Compliance of

SFA

When required

23.2 Ensure that

women of the area

consulted and their

point of view

incorporated regarding

the project activities

and community

development projects

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Gender Analysis BC,

At the preparation

of EIA

DC

Quarterly basis

BOQ

23.3 Ensure that

religious congregations

must be observed

carefully in order to

avoid conflicts with

tribal leaders and local

communities.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Public

Consultation

BC

At the preparation

of EIA

DC

When required

BOQ

23.5 Contractor’s camp

should include but not

limited to the following

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Contractor’s

Contractual

Obligation.

BC

At preparation of

contract document

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 149

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

facilities

Mosque, Restaurant

Leisure centre, Health

& Safety centre and

Welfare facilities.

24 Tribal tension local rivalries on running canals and use of aquatic life

Just one month before

the start of the

construction work social

frame work agreement

will be done between

the community

members and the

resident engineer. In

order to avoid conflicts

with tribal leaders and

local communities

mutual consents will be

discussed in SFA.

24.1 Ensure that

polices with direct

bearing on project

activities are culturally

sensitive, in order to

avoid conflicts with

tribal leaders and local

communities and to

offset any impact on

the local social

structure.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Public

consultation

Compliance of

SFA

BC


work

DC

When required

BOQ

24.2 Ensure women

are informed through

traditional means of

communication of the

presence of foreign

men (migrated labour

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance

Gender Analysis

BC,

At the preparation

of EIA

DC

When required

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 150

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

etc) in their area

24.3 Ensure that

individuals holding titles

to private property used

in the project (if any)

are compensated in

accordance with the

market rates and all

payment are recorded

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance of

SFA & Land Act

BC


the work

DC

When required

SFA

24.4 Focus on water

related issues related

to project

implementation in

regular group meeting

with local community

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Group meetings,

Public

consultation

BC/DC

When required

BOQ

25 Adverse effects on archaeological sites any grave yards and burial sites

No important cultural

and archaeological site

has been found or

reported in the area,

25.1 If any

archaeological,

historical, cultural,

religious or grave yard

found during the project

implementation then

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

law indicated in

chapter 2 of EIA

BC

At the completion of

EIA

DC

Daily

When required

Direct Cost


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 151

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Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

the contractor will

ensure that no damage

to any such sites is

caused due to the

project activities.

However no such site

is indicated in the

project area currently.

25.2 Ensure that if any

such sites are found

during the construction

stage informed to the

site office immediately.

CEnv CSCEnv

Compliance DC

Daily

BOQ

26 Public Health & Safety services at construction site.

Due precautions shall

be taken by the

contractor, and at his

own cost, to ensure the

safety of his staff and

labour and, in

collaboration with and

to the requirement of

the local health

26.1 Ensure that a

proper Ambulance

(preferably a four-

wheel drive vehicle) is

available on site on a

24-hour basis during

construction phase.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

26.2 Ensuring that all

materials, gears and

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

Compliance BC/DC


BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 152

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

authority ,to ensure that

medical staff headed by

qualified medical

doctor, first add

equipment and stores

,sick bay and suitable

ambulance service are

available at the campus

, housing, and on the

site at all times through

out the period of the

contract and that

suitable arrangements

are made for the

prevention of epidemics

and for all necessary

well fare and hygiene

requirements.

equipment (including

personal protective

equipment) require

carrying out the work

safely are provided to

the staff.

EU work

DC

Daily

26.3 Ensure that

employees must have

access to running

potable water at their

place of work and also

shaded area is

provided for rest during

working shift.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

System in place DC

Daily

When required

BOQ

26.4 Ensure use of

horns is prohibited ,

except when necessary

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU.

Compliance DC

Daily

When required

BOQ


driving practices are

adopted, particularly

while passing close to

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance

Traffic

Management

Plan

DC

Daily

When required

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 153

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

settlements. This

includes a speed limit

of 40km/h within builtup

area and 20km/h max.

speed limit on site.

27 Employment opportunities

The project will open

new jobs opportunities

which the local

population could avail.

IPD may request the

contractor to hire labour

from the local

community

It is believed that

substantial amount of

unskilled work force for

construction could be

recruited from the local

population near the

project site. Therefore

Barrage construction

will have a positive

27.1 Ensure maximum

(upto 100%) unskilled

and possible semi

skilled and skilled jobs

are to be provided to

people from local

communities, provided

the suitable competent

person with required

qualifications/experienc

e is available.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

labour laws in

contract

documents

BC

At the stage of

employment

DC

When required

BOQ

27.2 Ensure project

staff interaction with

local community is

minimized

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Land selection

for labour camp

should be at

least 500m

away, physical

barrier between

BC

During preparation

of EIA

DC

When required

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 154

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

impact on the socio-

economic fabric of the

local society. The

Contractor will evaluate

the available manpower

taking into

consideration the level

(skilled or unskilled)

and numbers of the

workers who could be

inducted in the labour/

work force of the

Project. The Contractor

will give preference to

employing suitable

personnel living close

to the Project area on

the conditions which

will be in accordance

with the National Law

ensuring that the

working conditions for

work area and

public places

27.3 Ensure that inter

tribal balance is

maintained when giving

employment to the

local population.

Preference to be given

to the people directly

affected by the project.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Public

Consultation

BC

At the stage of

employment

DC

When required

BOQ

27.4 Ensure that

guidelines are prepared

and implemented to

sensitize non-local

labour to local norms

and customs in order to

minimize cultural

tensions

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Public

Consultation

BC

at the stage of

employment

DC

Quarterly

BOQ

27.5 Ensure that field

crew is medically

screened before

employed

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

PHS Act

BC

At the stage of

employment

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 155

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

the labour / work force

at the site take due

care of the health,

safety and ambient

conditions conducive to

appropriate

working/living

standards applicable to

a work site.

28 Communicable Diseases.

The labour camp, their

interaction with truck

drivers and alike

personnel are potential

places for spread of

Communicable

Diseases if the

incidence exists.

Almost 100% of the

people of project area

and the potential labour

are not aware of the

source, mode of

28.1 Ensure that

periodic awareness

campaign for HIV/AIDS

are undertaken for the

project staff

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

PHS Acts, health

& safety

awareness

courses

DC

Quarterly

When required

Direct Cost

28.2 Ensure that a risk

assessment of the

spread of HIV/AIDS is

undertaken in the

project area on the

basis of data from the

Punjab HIV/AIDS

program.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Medical testing

of site worker

BC

At the employment

DC

Quarterly basis

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 156

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

communication or

consequences of

Hepatitis, HIV/AIDS.

Although their religious

and cultural value

system, to a large

extent excludes the

outbreak or rapid

communication of

HIV/AIDS, yet its

occurrence in such a

situation cannot be

precluded. It is

necessary that along

with other

communicable

diseases like Cholera,

Typhoid and

Tuberculosis,

awareness and

preventive campaigns

are run from time to

28.3 The medical staff

ensure periodical

checks of the cooking

staff and cooking

practice particularly for

symptoms of hepatitis

A.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU.

Medical Testing DC

When required

BOQ


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 157

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

time in the labour

camps and the field

offices of the project on

HIV/AIDS.

29 Restoration/rehabilitation

It will be the

requirement of the

contract that restoration

of borrow areas will be

done at completion of

the work. All borrow

areas will be levelled as

far as possible, graded

and brought in a level

form resembling to

natural condition prior

extraction / borrowing.

Campsite and

temporary facilities will

be restored in

accordance with

contractual obligations

and requirements. All

29.1 Ensure that all

barrow sites are

remediate as per

contract requirements

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance

Plategraph

record

After completion of

excavating work

BOQ

29.2 Camp site is

restored and changed

to tourist resort if

possible and agreed by

the I&P Department

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance After completion of

work

BOQ

29.3 All extra products /

material, solid and

liquid will be disposed

off in accordance with

the requirement of the

EIA / EPA and contract

document.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

Waste Disposal-

Plan

After completion of

work

BOQ

29.4 All fencing and

access gates relevant

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

Compliance with

restoration

After completion of

work


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 158

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

the community roads

and bridge roads which

were under contractor

use will be restored to

its original shape or

better.

to construction

activities will be

removed

EU guidelines

29.5 All pits (including

burn pits, sumps and

depression) will be

backfilled unless

agreed with the

CSCEnv

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance At completion of

work

BOQ

29.6 The portion of the

access track likely to

be of no use for other

activities will be

restored by removing

culverts and gravel

topping

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance After completion of

work

BOQ

29.7 While abandoning

sumps the extra cap of

soil will be placed over

them to allow for

compaction.

CEnv CSCEnv

PMO-

EU

Compliance with

restoration

guidelines

After completion of

work

BOQ

29.8 Ensure that no CEnv CSCEnv Compliance with After completion of SFA


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 159

Sr. No.

Project component


Frequency Cost

Executor Monitor

potential conflicts

should emerged with

landowners during the

restoration of the

borrow areas.

PMO-

EU

SFA work

BC - Before Construction; DC - During costruction; CEnv - Contractor’s Environmentalist

PMO-EU - Project Management Office- Environmental Unit; CSCEnv - Construction Supervision Consultants Environmentalis


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 160

7.5 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT

7.5.1 Management Responsibilities Overall responsibility for environmental management will rest on Head PMO of the Irrigation

and Power Department, Government of the Punjab.

(i) Project Management Office (PMO) The overall responsibility for the implementation of Environmental Management/Monitoring

Plan rests with the Project Management Office (PMO) along with the assistance of

Environmental Unit (EU) of PMO. The EU consists of Director Environment & Sociology,

Deputy Director Environment and Deputy Director Sociology.

PMO will assume overall responsibility for ensuring:

• That while executing the contract and undertaking the construction all environmental

norms, regulations and requirements promulgated by Pakistan Environmental

Protection Council (PEPC), Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (PEPA),

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Punjab and environmental safeguard policies

of Asian Development Bank , with respect to the work site and adjacent areas are

fully respected and implemented.

• Overall responsibility for implementation of EMP.

• PMO will ensure that Contractor and Construction Supervision Consultants appoint a

dedicated environmental officer and allied staff. PMO will also ensure that all

i. The Executing Agency : PMO of Irrigation and Power Department

(IPD)

ii. Supervising and Monitoring

Agency

: Environmental Unit of PMO.

iii. General Assistance to all

above agencies in their

respective tasks

: Head PMO/The Project Director, I & P

Department will facilitate communications,

logistics and data collection as and when

required.

iv. Logistic Support : Head PMO/The Project Director, I & P

Department shall provide the logistic support

and shall be the focal point for the

construction activity.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 161

environmental personnel are authorized to implement the socio- environmental

policies and requirements of the EMMP.

• PMO will also coordinate with relevant government departments and stakeholders on

concerned socio-environmental issues.

• PMO will inspect and monitor residual impacts of the rehabilitation work and observe

documentation of the impacts during the construction phase.

• PMO will also inspect the significance of impact in case of unanticipated change in

the project.

Construction Supervision Consultants will assist and advise PMO in implementation of EMP.

(ii) Environment Unit (EU) of PMO - The Environmental Unit (EU) within PMO will monitor Project performance.

- The EU will function in coordination with the Construction Supervision Consultants

and will receive reports from them on behalf of PMO.

- EU will prepare and submit periodical Progress and Monitoring Reports to all

stakeholders as per their schedules. In this task they will seek assistance/ guidance

from Construction Supervision Consultants as and when required.

(iii) Head PMO/The Project Director The Project Director shall provide or arrange the logistics including communication, transport

and accommodation to all visiting persons/teams experts from any of the above monitoring

units and shall coordinate with the contractor(s) to facilitate the visits/inspections. For all

Monitoring and Evaluation activities in the field the Engineer’s Representative shall act as a

focal point.

(iv) Contractor The contractor will be responsible for the implementation of the project EMP. The contractor

will ensure that EMP for the project is implemented fully and must be integrated into the

Project implementation and make integral part of the contract document. For any default

damages so caused will be remediated by the contractor at his own cost and expenses. In

case the contractor fails to rectify the damage the employer will do the need full at risk and

cost of the contractor. The amount will be determined by the Construction Supervision

Consultants which will be adjusted from amount due to the contractor. The contractor will

also be responsible for communicating with and training of his staff in environmental aspects

and implementation of the EMP. The contractor will develop and get approved Health, Safety


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 162

& Environment (HSE) Plan from Construction Supervision Consultants before the

commencement of the Physical works on site.

(v) Construction Supervision Consultants The construction supervision consultants will be responsible to ensure quality of work and

fulfilment of contractual obligations. Environmental Specialist of the construction supervision

consultants will ensure that all the environmental and social provisions comply with the

applicable standards. He / She will confirm that the day-to-day construction activities are

carried out in environment friendly manner and organize periodic environmental training

programmes and workshops for the consultant’s and contractor’s staff.

Project Organizational Structure The organizational structure for the environment management / monitoring implementation is

shown below. The role of the organization are described in exhibit 1.

Organization Chart for Environment Management / Monitoring Implementation

Exhibit 1 - Responsibilities of PMO Environmental Unit, Contractors, Monitoring and Environmental Specialist of the Construction Supervision Consultants

Secretary to Government of Punjab Irrigation and Power Department

Head Project Management Office

Contractor Construction Supervision Consultants

Environment Unit

Deputy Director Sociology

Deputy Director Environment

Director Social / Environment Environmental

Specialist & Sociologist

Environmental officer / Team


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 163

Organization Designation Responsibilities Operating Documents Project

Management

Office (PMO)

Director Socio

/ Environment

Overall in charge of the

environmental unit.

Oversee the works of

environmental and social

aspects related to the

project(s) for Punjab

barrages rehabilitation.

Provide environmental

and social guidance to

environmental staff in

project preparation and

approval / sanctions,

constructions,

implementation, to attain

optimum efficiency and

success in the

management and

operation of the project.

Assist Project Director in

active inter-action with

donors, consultant,

contractors and other

stake holders on monthly

review, progress of the

project or any other

situation required

immediate action.

Time management for

successful completion of

the project and its

scheduling according to

approved budget.

Preparation of all

necessary reports

required to be submitted

to Govt. or donor agency.

Ensure compliance and

implementation of rules

and regulations issued by

Contract with I&P

Department

Relevant Asian Bank

documents on

environmental and

other laws discussed

in EIA of Sulemanki

Barrage

EIA for the Sulemanki

Barrage

The present EMMP of

Sulemanki Barrage

Social Framework

Agreement (SFA).

Consultant’s

Environmental

Reports

Comply with

National, International

and Punjab Public

Health and Safety

(PHS) Acts


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 164

Organization Designation Responsibilities Operating Documents the Federal Agencies

especially regarding social

and environmental

aspects.

Project planning,

monitoring and evaluation

specifically in

environmentally & social

related matters in the

project.

Project

Management

Office (PMO)

Deputy

Director

Environment

Assist Director Socio,

environment in office

assignment and field as

well.

Full fill the obligation as

laid out in his/her contract

with I&P department.

Ensures environmental

protection during the

project implementation

according to

Environmental laws,

policies guidelines and

technical standards

Liaison with contractor

and consultants

environmental team

Conduct site visits to

ensure compliance with

EIA and EMMP

Coordinate with

stakeholders, including

general community, EPA,

WWF, Asian Bank,

contractor, consultants

and others

Support DD Sociology in

Contract with I&P

Department

Relevant Asian Bank

documents on

environmental and

other laws discussed

in EIA. of Sulemanki

Barrage

EIA for the Sulemanki

Barrage

The present EMMP of

Sulemanki Barrage

Social Framework

Agreement (SFA).

Consultants’

Environmental

Reports

Comply with

National, International

and Punjab Public

Health and Safety

(PHS) Acts


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 165

Organization Designation Responsibilities Operating Documents fullfillment of his/her

responsibilities

Project

Management

Office

Deputy

Director

Sociologist

Assist Director Socio,

environment in office

assignment and field as

well.

Carried out the

responsibilities of official

spokesperson of the

PMO.

Deals with social

mobilization and emerging

socio-economic issues.

Coordinate with

stakeholders, including

general community, EPA,

WWF, Asian Bank,

contractor, consultants

and others.

Review all socio-

environmental reports and

ensure implementation of

corrective measures, if

any

Conduct site visits to

ensure compliance with

EIA and EMMP

Support DD Environment

in fulfilment of his/her

responsibilities

Contract with I&P

Department

Relevant Asian Bank

documents on social

aspects and other

laws discussed in EIA

of Sulemanki

Barrage.

Socio-economic survy

as a baseline for EIA

of Sulemanki

Barrage

The present EMMP of

Sulemanki Barrage

PHS Acts

Social Framework

Agreement (SFA).

Consultant’s Socio-

Environmental

Reports

Documentation

received from the

field

Comply with HSE

Acts

Social Framework

Agreement (SFA

Construction

Supervision

Consultant

Environmental

Specialist

Ensure the implementation

of the mitigation

measures suggested in

the EMMP

Monitor construction

activities as per the

Contract with PMO

EIA for Sulemanki

Barrage

The EMMP of

Sulemanki Barrage

Comply with HSE


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 166

Organization Designation Responsibilities Operating Documents compliance monitoring

program

Monitor the impacts of the

project activities (effects

monitoring, discussed

later in this document)

Liaison with environmental

officers and HSE officer

Manage and implement

environmental mitigation

measures, as well as I&P

Department and

contractor’s health and

safety Policies

Manage operation of the

contractor’s

environmental

management staff

Train the staff as required

Plan

Contractor Environmental

officer / HSE

officer

Manage and implement

environmental mitigation

measures contractor’s

health and safety Policies

Liaison with consultant

supervision consultant’s

environmental specialist.

Manage operation of the

field environmental staff

Train the staff as required

Implementation of EMMP

Cause and effects, and

compliance monitoring.

Contract with I&P

Department

EIA for Sulemanki

Barrage

EMMP of Sulemanki

Barrage

Comply with PHS

Acts

Consultant’s

environmental reports.

Social Framework

Agreement (SFA)

7.6 CHANGE MANAGEMENT

An environmental assessment of the proposed project has been made during the

preparation of EIA. However it is possible that change in project design may be required


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 167

when the project is implemented. This section describes the mechanism to handle Changes

that might affect the project environmental impact. The changes in the project design may

be:

First Order Change is one that leads to a significant departure from the project described in

the EIA such as change in location, project design. The change management statement

(CMS) will be submitted to EPA for approval with a copy to the Asian Bank.

Second Order Change is one that is not significantly different from those described in the

EIA such as;

Increase in project personnel by 25%

Changes in the documentation and communication, stakeholders consultation

program

The change management statement (CMS) will be submitted to EPA for information with a

copy to the Asian Bank.

Third Order Change is one that is of little consequence to the EIA findings, such as;

Re-aligning a particular section of road to avoid cutting tree

The assessment report will be compiled and recorded.

7.7 COMMUNICATION AND DOCUMENTATION

Communication and documentation is an essential feature of EMMP. The key features of

such mechanism are:

7.7.1 Data Recording and Maintenance All forms to be used for recording information during the environmental monitoring will follow

a standard format which will correspond to the data base in to which all the gathered

information will be placed. Check boxes will be used as much as possible to facilitate data

entry. Tracking system will be developed for each form.

7.7.2 Storage of Information The database may include the following information

Training programs;

Staff deployment;

Non-compliance;

Corrective actions

List of environmental data and

List of environmental data to be maintained:


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 168

Soil and land pollution

Disposal of excavated silt and earth

Disposal of waste

Water resource

Quality

Quantity

Fuel oil and chemical spills

Vegetation record

Record of wildlife

Noise pollution

Air and dust pollution

Socio-economic data

7.7.3 Meetings The following environmental meetings during the project will take place

Primary meeting for setting out the requisite end frame sounding for the regular

meetings.

Scheduled meetings between Contractor and Supervising Consultant.

Progress review meeting among EU of PMO, Environmental Specialist and

Environment Officer.

The purpose of the meeting will be to discuss the conduct of the operation, non –

compliances noted by the consultant’s environmental team and measures for their remedy.

The meeting will be recorded in the form of a daily/monthly environmental report.

7.7.4 Reports The Environmental Specialist of the Supervision Consultant shall produce periodical reports

as well as inspection notes based upon the visits to the Project site. This information shall

make a basis for EU for their further reporting or visiting the site. All reports shall be location

and activity specific. The reports shall especially identify areas of contractor’s non-

compliance with the EMP and provide guiding remarks on actions to be taken. The

significance of the non-compliance shall also be noted. Copies of these reports shall be sent

to the Resident Engineer (RE) who shall forward them to the Team Leader, Head PMO,

Irrigation & Power Department and the Contractor for their action(s).

The RE will include in his routine reports a summary status of activities relating to the EMP.

Supplemental reports on issues should also be prepared as and when required.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 169

The consultant’ s environmental team will produce daily ,monthly, and annually reports, as

well as a final report of the project based on the information collected. The list of distribution

reports is given in Exhibit-2.

Exhibit-2 Periodic Reports Report Prepared by Reviewed by Distribution Daily Contractor’s

HSE officers

Reviewed by

contractor

environmental

officer and the

Consultant’s

Environmental

Specialists

Resident

Engineer

Monthly Environmental

team of the

Construction

Supervision

Consultants

Reviewed by EU of

PMO.

Resident

Engineer

PMO

I&P Department

Asian Bank

EPA

Annually

Environmental

team of the

Construction

Supervision

Consultants

Reviewed by EU of

PMO.

Resident

Engineer

PMO

I&P

Department

EPA

Asian Bank

Effects Monitoring

Environmental

team of the

Construction

Supervision

Consultants

Reviewed by & EU

of PMO and Punjab

EPA

Resident

Engineer

PMO

I&P

Department

EPA

Asian Bank


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 170

Report Prepared by Reviewed by Distribution Change

Management

Environmental

team of the

Construction

Supervision

Consultants

Reviewed by EU of

PMO.

EPA

Resident

Engineer

PMO

I&P

Department

EPD

World Bank

Final Environmental

team of the

Construction

Supervision

Consultants

Reviewed by EU of

PMO.

Resident

Engineer

PMO

I&P

Department

EPA

Asian Bank

7.7.5 Plategraphic Record of the Project Area This will include: Identifying key locations for taking Plategraphs

Using digital camera to Plategraph of the project area before the construction start and

Recording the following information for each shot on a form

• Shot number

• Name of Plategraph

• Date

• Time

• Featured Plategraph

• Other observations

Repeating the above after completion of all activities for selected location

7.7.6 Social Complaints Register The consultant’s environmental team will maintain a social complaint register at camp site

office to document all complaints received from the local communities. The register will also

record the measures taken to mitigate these concerns. The final report will be communicated

to Environmental section of PMO. The details of Grievance Redress Mechanism are

provided in the RAP. The Project Monitoring team shall carry out the monitoring of the

implementation of social and environmental mitigation measures as per ADB Safegaurd

Policy Statement.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 171

7.7.7 Record Register The environmental specialist of the construction supervision consultants will be responsible

to maintain and update all environment related data, record and documents. The results

from environment monitoring and sampling program should be fully documented and

recorded. The results will be available for inspection by the regulator, authorities and Asain

Bank on site. The record should provide the following quality assured monitoring and

sampling information.

• Determinants monitored and sampled

• Specified details of measurements/samples to support analytical and QA

requirements e.g. dates, times, location, other relevant parameters

• Results of measurements/sample analysis, with error limited.

• Interpretation and review of results against specified trigger level.

This will be maintained at a site to document any change in the project design as well. These

changes will be handled through the change management mechanism if any. The final report

will be communicated to EU. Environmental issues Tracking Report form will be completed

and maintained by the Contractor.

7.8 WASTE DISPOSAL PLAN

This component describes the waste disposal plan that will be employed during the

construction and restoration period. The main types of waste to be disposed off include

Waste generated during construction

Fuel, oils, and chemicals;

Sewage;

Campsite waste;

Medical waste;

Demolition waste;

Packing waste and

Excess construction material.

Domestic waste and construction waste will be the main type of waste generated from

Labour Camp and construction activities. Domestic waste contains high percentage of

readily degradable hydrocarbon which gives bad smell on decomposition, especially in hot

and humid environment. Construction waste classified as inert waste which could be a

problematic to dispose off. It is recommended to collect the domestic waste and construction

waste separately.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 172

7.8.1 Domestic Waste • All the waste generated at Labour Camp should be collected and temporarily stored

at the designated bonded area within the labour camp.

• The area should be prepared, maintained and visually inspected and recorded on

regular basis by the Environment Officer of the contractor.

• The waste storage area should be fenced to stop animal’s direct contact with the

waste. The site must be decontaminated to keep the building free from foul smells,

spreading of diseases and healthy working environment on regular basis.

• It is a responsibility of Contractor to arrange the waste collection from the Labour

Camp with local authority or waste disposed cooperation on regular basis.

• Waste Chute should be provided within the Labour Camp. Chute will enable the

collection of thrown solid in the covered storage site.

• Bags should be provided to the occupants and resident of the labour camp for

collecting their waste.

• Implement resource conservation and recover recyclable waste e.g. paper, steel

cane, glass bottles etc from the collected waste and divert the filtered waste to the

area landfill site.

• A burning pit should be built on site to burn the combustible waste on site. The

suggested dimension of the pit in feet is 15 x 12 x 4 (length x width x height)

7.8.2 Construction Waste • Construction waste could be reused as a fill material or construction material.

However the detail testing should be undertaken to confirm the suitability of the

waste, if is used as a construction material. .

• If the construction waste disposed of on site in the form of landfill then once the hole

filled with the construction waste the top of the fill should be capped with clayed

material and compacted to minimize water infiltration.

The waste disposal system is summarized in Exhibit-3 below

Exhibit-3 Waste Disposal Plan Types of waste

Description Construction phase

Disposal methods

Construction waste

Crushed Concrete & Excavated soil

Road Bridge and Barrage structure repair work

Dumping and levelling of waste only on site agreed with the Environmental Specialist and EU as indicated on figure 1.3. Waste will be properly disposed of in a manner that does not disturb the natural drainage. The dumped material will be


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 173

Types of waste


Disposal methods

strengthened by stone pitching.

fuel, oils, and chemicals spills contaminated soil or wastewater

Contaminated soil or water

All phases soil contaminated by minor spills / leakages (defined as leaks from the vehicles, machinery, equipment, or storage containers such that the areas and depth of soil contaminated is less than 1sqft and 3 inches respectively) will be scraped and sent to the burn pit where it will be burned along with other combustible wastes. Contaminated water will be dispersed with pressure. Moderate spills defined as spills of volume less than or equal to 200 litres will be contained and controlled using shovels, sand, and native soil. these materials and equipment will be made available at campsite and construction site during operation. The contaminated soil will be excavated and stored in a bonded area lined with impermeable base. Depending on the volume of the contaminated soil, the disposal may involve of sending to burn pit or by specialized treatment such as bioremediation or solidification/stabilization (s/s) Major spills of volume exceeding 200 litres will require the initiation of PMO emergency response procedures. These spills will be handled and controlled according to the specialized measures and special treatment as suggested by the spills removal experts. The contaminated water should be collected in separate container and sent them to the suitable treatment site after the mutual agreement with environment consultant and PMO.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 174

Types of waste


Disposal methods

Sewage and gray wastewater

Wastewater from kitchen and washing areas, sewage

Construction /Operation Phase

Sewage to be disposed of using septic tanks and soak pits, solid residue to be disposed of in nearby sewage treatment facilities. Wastewater from kitchen and washing areas to be disposed of in soak pits

Campsite waste

Animal, fruit or vegetable residue, domestic garbage


Colour coded waste collection drums will be placed at the appropriate locations to segregate different types of waste. Recyclable waste to be given away for recycling; non recyclable, combustible waste to be burned at burn pit and non combustible waste to be buried in designated landfill as agreed with EU and Environmental Specialist. Green waste will be disposed off at the composting unit having same dimension as burning pit.

Medical waste

Syringes, glass bottles, soiled bandages, expired drugs, dressing


To be incinerated at nearby hospital incinerator, if any, or an equivalent facility

Workshop waste, and fluid waste

Used oil, ferrous /non ferrous materials, batteries, oil etc

Construction / Operation Phase

The collection of waste should be arranged with specialized certified contractor.

Demolition Waste

Concrete, bricks, other building materials


Reusable material to be given away for use. Remaining waste to be buried in designated landfill or designated construction waste disposal site.

Packing waste

Paper, plastic, textiles, cardboard, rubber, wood, glass, tin,


Combustible waste to be burned in burn pit, recyclable waste to be handed over to recycling contractors-


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 175

Types of waste


Disposal methods

cans, aluminum cans

Excess construction material

Sand, aggregate, cement, bricks, reinforcement steel bars, paints and other construction materials


To be sold back or given to the supplier or other users

7.9 ILLUSTRATED TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

Mechanical works at the barrage might require partial or full closure of the road bridge during

construction. Therefore traffic management would be required during such time periods

spanning long hours in a day. It is a contractor’s contractual obligation to prepare a Traffic

Management Plan, get its approval from traffic police, XEn Irrigation and HSE Officer and

implement on site. The plan should be available for public in local library and published in

news paper. The suggestions made in this section should be incorporated by the contractor

in preparation of the Traffic Management Plan.

The purpose of traffic management plan is to cope with traffic distribution that call for co-

ordinate actions from several services responsible for road/traffic management on a given

road or network.

Barrage Structure Repair Work There is a single carriage way bridge on top of the main weir at Sulemanki Barrage for public

transport. If part of the road needs to be used to undertake the barrage structural repair work

then the working area should be clearly marked with separating fence. No unauthorized

person should be allowed to enter the working area. Following measures should be taken

during the construction of the bridge

• The adjacent land on both side of the road at the suggested location of the road

bridge belongs to IPD, therefore no private land acquisition require

• Contractor should provide a temporary route during the bridge construction if require.

• The temporary route should be adequate for the existing traffic plus the site traffic and

designed and build by a specialized contractor.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 176

• The rural roads leading to or passing near the construction site could be used to

convey men and materials to the construction sites.

• It is a Contractor’s contractual obligation to use the roads and paths carefully and in

case of any damage, repair the damaged roads or paths.

Closing one Lane: When closing down the one lane of the road then the traffic light system

should be set up and allow only one side traffic at a time. Sign posts about the new traffic

light and/or proposed new road layout should be placed at least one km from both sides of

the Barrage. Sign boards about the expected delay in traffic and queue build up should be

placed in Havali Lakha and Michna Abad (about 45 km from Sulemanki Barrage). .

Complete Closure of the Road: There is an active river creek at downstream of the

barrage and road bridge will be required for alternative route. A boat bridge could be

assembled for temporary alternative route for the traffic during the refurbishment of the

existing bridge, the suggested location of the Boat Bridge and access roads (currently are

kacha path need to be strengthened for the main traffic) are indicated in figure 7.1.

If the road need to be closed completely without provision of alternative route then it is

suggested that the closure should not be more than continuous 4 hours. Local traffic police

should be informed at-least a week before the closure required. Traffic sign board regarding

the closure time and suggestion for alternative routes should be placed at the exit of main

city i.e. Pakpattan, Depalpour, and Bahawalnager towards the Sulemanki Barrage. Where

possible the closure should be arranged outside the off peak times (consider peak time from

6am to 10am and 3pm to 7pm). The traffic should be stopped before it enters the build up

area near the barrage i.e. settlements near the barrage to avoid the distraction of the local

community and damage the infrastructure from the accumulated traffic. The following traffic

survey conducted over a week provides the estimate of the daily average traffic flow can be

used for the preparation of the traffic management plan by the contractor.

Table 7.1: Traffic Survey Conducted at Sulemanki Barrage

Motor-

cycle

Car/Jeep/

Taxi/Pajero

Hiace

Wagon

Mini Bus/

Coaster Bus

Loader

Pickups

Truck/

Trailer/

tractor

2009 1176 589 155 117 50 38 460

2014* 1405 655 161 122 52 47 487

2020 1635 722 168 126 54 56 515

*First Year after Proejct Completion ADT : Average Daily Taffice


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 177

Strengthening Embankments Works The existing embankments can be used for transporting soil, material and plant and

equipment. However the approximate width of the bunds is 20 ft which may not cope with

the traffic on both directions (depending upon the type of vehicles use in earth moving). The

crossing/waiting bays should be provided, if require along the embankments to avoid any

accidental slip of vehicles. The soft barricading fence should be provided at the edges of the

path/roads etc.

7.10 OUTLINE OF EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND CONTINGENCY PLAN

If any of the results of the environmental monitoring/sampling exceed specified trigger levels

for the determinant, the appropriate actions will be undertaken to prevent hazard to human

life, property and the environment outside the operating site bounding control and minimize

any immediate risks of pollution of the environments, ensure the immediate initiation of

necessary investigation and management actions to identify, mitigate and remediate the

cause of the accident. Initiate training and periodic testing/checking when necessary.

The probabilities of accident such as oil spills, accidental habitat destruction, water or air

pollution, breach in cofferdam and hit with unexpected high flow are very low. However, such

accidents can occur and overall environmental emergency response method may be used:

• Obtain an early warning of the emergency conditions so as to avoid adverse impacts

on the environment

• Safeguard personnel to prevent injuries or loss of life

• Minimize the impact of such event on the environment and facilities by mitigating the

potential for escalation and containing of the hazards

• Site in charge should have permanent mode of contact (e.g. mobile phone or walki

talki) with the HSE officer.

• Contact name and number of HSE officer should be available in site office and

displayed on site office notice board.

It is a responsibility of the contractor to provide at least one First Aider during working hours.

The First Aid provider will perform the following duties.

i. Keeping all necessary first aid medicines and bandages in the first aid box at every

time.

ii. Replace the medicines before their expiry dates to avoid any health hazard to the

people.

iii. Provide first aid to the injured at the event of accident.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 178

iv. Report any accident / incident to the environmental manager immediately for

necessary action.

v. Call ambulance in case of any serious emergency.

Emergency siren should be installed at the barrage to inform the site worker about any

emergency situation. The operation of the siren will be controlled by the HSE officer or his

nominated person. The designate assembly area also should be marked and informed to

site worker.

An outline of a contingency plan for the accidental spill is shown in Exhibit –4 Exhibit-4 Accidental Spill Contingency plan Step Diesel spill Chemical and Oil Spill Alert / Mobilize

(by work supervisor)

Alert emergency

coordinator and team

Alert emergency

coordinator and team

Initial action

(by HSE Officer)

Start log of event

Determine appropriate

strategy

Notify PMO in Lahore

Notify relevant authority

Start log of event

Determine appropriate

strategy

Notify PMO in Lahore

Notify relevant authority

On-going actions

(Site Incharge)

If there is a containment

breach, use earth moving

equipment to construct

ditch or berm to contain

spill. Use pump / absorbent

to recover the product.

Handle the recovered

product according to the

COSHH sheets.

If there is a containment

breach, use earth moving

equipment to construct

ditch or berm to contain

spill. If it contaminates the

river use pump / absorbent

pad to recover the product.

Handle the recovered

product according to the

COSHH sheets.

Stand Down

(Site Incharge / The

Engineer)

Once the incident has

ended the emergency team

and authorities will stand

down and commence as full

investigation

Once the incident has

ended the emergency team

and authorities will stand

down and commence as full

investigation


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 179

Waste disposal

(Contractor)

Collect all contaminated soil

or absorbing pads and

incinerate or treat with

bioremediation at a

controlled access area. In

case of contaminated water

the water should be treated

and reuse or pump it back

in to the river.

Incinerate or treat with

bioremediation the

collected product at a

controlled – access area at

the burn pit. Collect all

contaminated soil and

incinerate it at the burn pit.

7.11 HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT (HSE) PLAN

It is a contractor’s obligations to provide and implement the Health, Safety & Environment

(HSE) Plan. The Plan should be divided into three main parts Health, safety and

environment. Each part should include but not limited to the following elements;

SAFETY

1 HSE Responsibilities

2 Site HSE Rules

3 Orientation, Site HSE Induction and Other Training Activities

4 Communication and HSE Meetings

5 Workforce Involvement, Motivation and HSE Incentive

6 Performance Monitoring

7 Hazard Analysis and Risk Management

8 Safe Work Practices

9 Personal Protective Equipment

10 Fire Prevention

11 Emergency Response Plan (ERP)

12 Transportation

ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATING AND MOINTORING PLAN (EMMP)

1. HSE Policy

2. Scope and Objectives

3. Mitigation Measures, Implementation Plan & Compliance Monitoring

4. Waste Management

5. Hazardous Material

6. Night Working


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 180

7. House Keeping

8. Noise

HEALTH & HYGIENE

1. Purpose

2. Scope

3. Medical Personnel

4. First Aid (Medical) Facilities

5. Heat Stress

6. First Aid Training

7. Living Camp

8. Welfare of Personnel

9. Use of Narcotics And Drugs

10. Drainage, Sewerage and Septic Tank

SITE SECURITY

1. Purpose

2. Scope

3. Method and Responsibilities

ATTACHMENTS

1. HSE Policy

2. List of HSE SOP’s, MS & Formats

3. Typical Site HSE Organization

4. Injury Statistics for the last four years

5. Honours and Awards

7.12 TREE PLANTATION

The Tree Plantation Plan will be prepared and implement by the contractor and verified by

The Engineer. In order to construct the flood escape channel about 310 numbers of woody

trees are required to be uprooted. All these trees are on the government land.

To mitigate this environment loss the only way out is the re-plantation with at least fifteen

hundred new trees in the adjacent area of the flood escape channel.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 181

To raise the aesthetic value and enhancing positive environmental impacts it is also planned

to plant additional 3000 number of woody, fruit and flower plants at the different location of

the barrage and along the existing embankments.

New plantation will be undertaken as an avenue plantation along the newly built bypass

channel and the available locations at the existing embankments, according to the tree

plantation plan prepared by the contractor.

7.13 BORROW AREAS RESTORATION

Construction of bypass channel will generate sufficient soil material to fulfil the requirement

of the fill for strengthening of embankments. If during construction further material is required

or contractor need to borrow material from anyother site then the contractor can acquire

private land in according to the lease agreement with the land owner. Photographs record

will be kept before and after the land use as borrowing area. The contractor will not leave

borrowing pit in such a condition that they are unusable and could be filled with rain water

and provide breeding place for mosquitoes or cause any health and safety issues.

Agriculture land should be restored such that it can be re-use for the agricultural purpose.

The restoration of agricultural land includes but not limited to the following steps.

• Remove of 6 inches of the topsoil and keep it separate on site for its re-spread back

on the levelled borrow area

• Excavate up to maximum 3 feet

• Level slops as far as possible

• Place the topsoil back on reasonably levelled area

7.14 LAND ACQUISITION PROCEDURE

• Land Acquisition Act (LAA) 1894 is the primary law governing land acquisition in

Pakistan. The rules and regulation of above law will be followed for the acquisition of

private land.

• It is envisaged that no private land acquisition will require for the project

implementation and contractor’s facilities set up. However temporary acquisition of

private land may require for borrowing material. If the contractor proposed different

locations of labour camp, batching plant etc and require any private land then he/she

need to follow the LAA 1894 to compensate the land owner.

• Land valuation will be carried out with the help of district officer and agree with the

private land owner.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 182

• Cut of date will be announced at the day of compensation value agreed and signed

with land owner and authorities.

• The compensation will be paid to the affectee(s) prior to possession of the land being

taken by the Government of Punjab.

7.15 RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN

The outline of the Risk Management Plan is provided in this section. The detailed and more

precise plan should be prepared and implemented by the contractor’s Project Manager. The

following Plan identify the possible hazards associated with the project activities,

consequences of the occurrence, probability of the occurrence and action to reduce the risk

to acceptable level i.e. low to medium.

Hazards Consequences of occurrence (Severity-L,M,H)

Probability of occurrence (L, M, H)

Risk (L, M, H)

Action to Manage the Risk

Residual Risk

Oil,

Chemical

Spill

Contaminate

land and control

water bodies

(M)

H H -Select the location

of material storage

yard away from the

water bodies

-Store material on

bunded area with

impermeable layer

-Good

housekeeping

-loading and

unloading of

material should be

manage by a

competent person

-spill kit should be

available to deal

with small spills

L


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 183



Risk (L, M, H)


Residual Risk

Breach in

Cofferdam

Fatality or

serious injury of

the worker

Adversely

impact on

aquatic life

(H)

M H -The construction

and maintenance of

cofferdam should

be mange by a

competent person

-Findings of daily

inspection should

be recorded and

analysis

-sand bags should

be available on site

to deal with small

damages in the

cofferdam

-monitor river

quality at

downstream of the

cofferdam on

regular basis.

L

Adverse

environment

al impacts

on Barrage

pond area

due to

construction

activities

Deteriorate

natural habitat

of pond area

(L)

H M -Implementation of

the control

measures to

mitigate impact on

biological

resources

-Select appropriate

plant and

equipment and

enforce the speed

limit for site traffic

to minimize the

noise and dust

pollution

L


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 184



Risk (L, M, H)


Residual Risk

Failure in

plant &

equipment

e.g. lifting

gears etc

Fatality or

serious injury

(H)

M H -Inspect all the

equipment

including lifting

chains & ropes at

the start of the work

-A competent

person should

mange the work on

site.

L

Extended

Canal

Closure

Damage the

crop within the

canal command

area

(H)

L M Pakpattan and

Sadiqia Canals are

perennial canals

and close only for

canal cleaning

work. All the work

requires canal

closure should be

arranged during

available canal

closure time. If

require use

cofferdam or

construct

temporary bypass

arrangement to

continue canal

water supply as

routine.

L


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 185



Risk (L, M, H)


Residual Risk

Batching

plant

Deteriorate

ambient air

quality

(M)

H H -Select batching

plant location away

from the living area

or construct zero

emission plant

-should not operate

outside working

hours i.e. night time

or early morning

-All the workers

working at the plant

should wear proper

PPE (breathing

masks, gloves, eye

protection etc)

L

Smoke from

Burning

Cause

suffocation and

diseases

respiratory tract

(H)

M H -Provide smoke

free fuel at labour

camp

-Cutting and

burning of trees

shall be prohibited

L

Road

accidents

due to

construction

work

activities

Casualty,

serious injury,

damage to

infrastructure

(H)

M H -prepared and

implement Traffic

Management Plan

as suggested in

EIA.

L


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 186



Risk (L, M, H)


Residual Risk

Adverse

Social

impacts due

to migrating

labour from

other part of

the country

Extra burden on

existing welfare

facilities.

Can Cause

communicable

diseases

(H)

M H Improve and

increase the

capacity of

available existing

service to cope with

the requirement of

additional users.

Run a campaign

within the labour

camp and local

community to make

people aware of the

cause, mode of

transmission and

consequences of

communicable

diseases e.g.

HIV/AIDS etc

L

L: Low; M: Medium; H: High

7.16 TRAINING MODULE

The training will be given to the different professional groups separately such as manager

level group, work supervisors, skilled/unskilled labour etc. The training will helps to insure

the Project worker understood and followed the EIA and EMP. A Trainging plan of 10

sessions which will be finalized before the commencement of the project is given below


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 187

Training Plan

Trainee Trainer Contents Schedule Selected field staff of

PMO and Supervision

Consultatnt

EU Specialists;

Environmentalist

of Supervision

Consultatnt

Environmental and social

aspects, particularly

sensitivities of the project;

Key finding of the ESIA

Social and cultural values

of the area;

Leadership dynamics.

Before

construction

activities

All site personnel

• Contractor:

Managerial staff,

engineers,

Environment, social,

health and safety

staff.

• Consultants:

Managerial staff and

engineers

Environmentalist

of Supervision

Consultant

Environmental and social

aspects, particularly the

sensitivities of the project;

Wildlife and vegetation

related sensitivities of the

project;

Key finding of the ESIA;

Mitigation measures;

Contingency plan;

Community issues;


of the area

Before and

during

construction

stage

Construction crew Environmentalist

of Supervision

Consultant and

Environmental

Officer of

Contractor

EMMP;

Waste disposal plan; HSE

plan

Before and

during

construction

stage

Drivers Environmental

Officer of

Contractor

HSE plan; Road safety;

Road restrictions;

Vehicle restrictions;

Defensive driving;

Waste disposal;


of the area.

Before and

during the

construction

Camp staff Environmental

Officer of

Contractor

HSE plan;

Camp operation

Waste disposal

Natural resource

Before and

during the

construction


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 188

Trainee Trainer Contents Schedule conservation

Housekeeping

Restoration team Environmentalist

of Supervision

Consultatnt

Waste disposal;

Site restoration;

Leveling and restoration of

borrow area

Before the

start of the

restoration

activity

7.17 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COST

The cost provided in this section is based on the information available at up-dating feasibility

level, which may be amended at detail design stage.

7.17.1 Environmental Monitoring Cost River water should be tested on quarterly basis at the barrage during barrage structure

repair, motorization for gate operating system and bela excavation activities. Samples

should be collected from upstream and downstream of the barrage during the construction

phase. The samples should be tested for all the parameters of WHO drinking water

standard, NEQS and FAO water quality standards. The approximate cost of monitoring of

river water quality, assuming 3 years of construction phase is Rs. 1500,000.00. Dissolve

Oxygen, pH and Electric Conductivity (EC) of the river water should be monitored on

monthly basis during construction phase the approximate cost of the equipment are

EC, TDS, DO & pH meter = Rs. 150,000.00 (Modern Technology, Lahore, HANNA

Sole distributor)

Groundwater should be tested at quarterly basis. Testing is also required at the start of the

project before using the groundwater as a source of water supply. The samples should be

collected from all the sources of groundwater use by the contractor onsite i.e. hand pumps,

tubewell etc. The parameters need to be tested include WHO drinking water standard and

FAO agriculture standards. The approximate cost of monitoring the groundwater over 3

years of construction phase at quarterly basis (considering one source only) is Rs.

300,000.00.

Air quality should be monitored at quarterly basis and When required at work activities. The

parameters for air quality monitoring include but not limited to carbon monoxide, NOx, SOx

and particulate matter. The approximate cost of Ambient Air Monitoring over 3 years of

construction phase is Rs. 300,000.00. Noise should be monitored 3 times on each working


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 189

day at every noise producing activity. The approximate cost of the Noise meter is Rs.

50,000.00.

The approximate total cost of the monitoring of the physical environmental parameters is

Rs.2.3million. The cost includes the man months of environmentalist for analyzing of the

results and report writing by an environmentalist.

The required environmental monitoring is summarised below in table 7.2.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 190

Table 7.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan for the Construction Phase

Environmental Quality Parameters Details of Location Standards /

Guidelines Frequency Responsibility Duration

Air Quality PM10, CO, CO2 NOx, SOx

At 40m radius of Batching Plant (determine the dominate air direction and carry out monitoring at downstream of air flow)

USEPA, WHO Quarterly basis Contractor Construction for 24 hours or one full working day

Dust Monitoring PM10

• At Borrowing area

• At the barrage

• At the Access roads

• Labour camp

USEPA, WHO Quarterly When required

Contractor Full working day

Noise Monitoring Noise

• At the barrage

• At Barrage Pond area, approximately 5m from the working site/machinery

• At the borrowing site (s)

Maximum allowable level is 80dB

3 times over 24 hour (morning, afternoon and evening) at Active Construction site

Contractor -


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 191

Environmental Quality Parameters Details of Location Standards /

Guidelines Frequency Responsibility Duration

Surface Water Quality

Full Suite of contaminants given in main report of ESIA (in ch. 4)

At upstream and downstream of the barrage / Work area and effluent from labour camp wastewater before discharge into the river or other water body

NEQS & WAPDA Irrigation Standards

Quarterly Basis Contractor -

DO, EC, pH and TDS

At upstream and downstream of the Barrage / work area

NEQS & WAPDA Irrigation Standards

Monthly Basis Contractor -

Groundwater

Groundwater (Suite of Contaminants given in ESIA)

All the groundwater extraction points use by the contractor

WHO drinking water standard

Quarterly Basis Contractor -

Updating Feasibility Study for R&U Suleimanki Barrage Updating Feasibility Study for R&U Suleimanki Barrage Environmental & Social Impact Assessment

NESPAK-ABB-DMC 192

7.17.2 Training Cost Training is considered to be an important part of environment awareness and all site

management and work supervisors should undertake periodic training.

The Contractor will arrange to run a proper campaign among the workers to make people

aware of the causes, mode of transmission and consequences of HIV/AIDS.

Contractor will arrange briefing given to all workers regarding the biological resources and

wetland area. It should be cleared to the worker that unnecessary and out of bound activities

/ movements are strictly prohibited in the barrage pond area. All forest and fisheries laws

should be explained to the workers.

The approximate cost of training the site staff is Rs. 500,000. The cost includes 10 sessions

of environment awareness course each cost Rs. 50,000.

7.17.3 Plantation Cost Strengthening of embankments and construction of flood escape channel and fuse plug will

require tree cutting of approximately 310 numbers of woody tree. 5 new trees will be planted

of every one tree uprooted on site. Therefore it is proposed that the contractor or hire the

services of concern department i.e. Forestry to plant minimum 1550 new plants and look

after them until their maturation i.e. arrange watering and install protection grill around new

plantation, if require. New plantation should be around the barrage and proposed flood by

pass channel. The total estimated cost of the plantation is Rs. 300,000.00.

7.17.4 Cost of Implementation of Emergency Plan The emergency plan will be prepared and presented in the final EIA report. The plan will be

prepared to address any emergency conditions occur due to encounter unexpected flood,

breach in cofferdam or accidental spill of oil or chemical. The approximate cost of dealing

with unforeseen circumstances during construction phase is half a million rupees.

7.17.5 Solid Waste Management Cost The approximate daily production of domestic waste at labour camp is estimated at

approximately 500kg (1/2 kg per person per day). The cost for disposal of domestic waste

for 3 years of construction phase including the preparation and maintenance of the

temporary storage area and burn pit on site is included in the contractor’s contractual

obligations.

Specialize contractor should be hired to dispose of the special waste i.e. cement bags,

clinical waste, electric batteries etc. The approximate cost of the disposal of special waste is

Rs. 500,000.00.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 193

7.17.6 Water Supply & Wastewater Management Cost It will be one of Contractor’s contractual obligations to arrange the supply of running drinking

water at appropriate pressure to the site workers. The access of the drinking water should be

available to every site worker. The cost of this item is included in the contractor’s contractual

obligations. Water sample should be collected and tested on quarterly basis to confirm its

suitability for drinking purpose. The approximate cost of this item is Rs. 250,000.00.

It is proposed to treat the domestic wastewater generated from the labour camp, which

should be collected with provision of underground sewer system and three chambers Septic

Tank connected in series. The capacity of each chamber should have minimum one day

waste water discharge from the site facilities. The cost of this item is included in the

contractor’s contractual obligations.

If collected wastewater from site setup i.e. Batching Plant, contractor’s camp, effluent

collected from waste storage area etc are discharge into the river then it should be tested for

NEQS standard and confirmed the levels of the contaminates are within the acceptable

level. The allocated cost for this testing is Rs. 250,000.00.

7.17.7 Site Visits by Authorities & Regulators Inspections by stakeholder and concern bodies for example WWF, Wildlife, Forest or Fishery

Officers etc should be facilitated in camps to facilitate a proper implementation of relevant

laws. The approximate cost of this item is Rs. 500,000.00.

7.17.8 Traffic Management Cost The Traffic Management Plan will be prepared by the contractor to manage the site traffic

and public traffic during construction phase of the project to minimise the interruption in the

flow of traffic. The approximate cost allocated for this item is 10 million rupees. The cost

include the provision of boat bridge at down stream of the barrage during the barrage repair

work.

7.17.9 Public Parks The development of existing Public Park is also included in the scope of work of this project.

This will raise the aesthetic value and biodiversity of the area. The scope of work includes a

development of an artificial lake, plantation of woody, fruit and flower plants, install children

fun rides and Construct new canteen and restaurant area. The approximate cost of this item

is 10.0 million rupees.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 194

7.17.10 Restoration Cost The area being under the use of contractor during construction phase should be restored at

the completion of the project to the original level without any additional cost by the

contractor.

Table 7.3 Environment & Management Cost

Activity Cost (millionRs) Cost ($)

(1$ = 85Rs)

Environment Monitoring Cost 2.3 27,059

Training Cost 0.5 5,883

Plantation Cost 0.3 3,530

Emergency Plan 0.5 5,883

Waste Management Cost 0.5 5,883

Water Supply & Wastewater

Management Cost 0.5 5,883

Site Visits by Regulators & Authorities 0.5 5,883

Traffic Management Cost 10.0 117,647

Public Park Rehabilitation 10.0 117,647

Total 25.1 295,298

The above cost will be covered for the project (as part of the loan money)

Contractor’s Obligation The following conditions should be included in the Tender Document followed by the

Contract Document as essential clauses:

• Clause regarding disposal of waste construction material The Contractor shall in consultation with the supervising consultant and with the approval of

Supervision Consultant of the Project, select and abide by the selection, a site for disposal of

waste construction material as well as the material used for construction of coffer dam.

Contravention to this clause may tantamount to contravention to contract and the Contractor

will be responsible of removing the material dumped on a wrong site, at his own expense as

early as possible. In case of delay, the contractor will pay a fine, suggested by the

supervision consultant, for his negligence.

• Clause regarding adjustment with unstable locations appearing during construction especially the foundation

In case an unstable location appears during construction, especially the foundation, the

contractor shall immediately inform the Supervision Consultant expressly providing full

technical details about the problem. The Supervision Consultant will inspect the site;


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 195

preferably the same day the report is received and will, if necessary, agree to make

modifications and changes in the design to stabilize the situation such as change in the

depth of foundation. Contractor will not make any changes in the specification without

express approval of Supervision Consultant. Contravention to this provision will mean

unauthorized construction carried out for which RE will issue dismantling orders.

• Clause regarding Location of Labour Camps, Material Dumps / Depots, Equipment and Machinery Yards, approach roads and routes

Irrigation and Power Department land is available for location of Labour Camps, Material

Depots, Equipment and Machinery Yard, link roads or other activities related to these

matters and proposed sites have been shown on the environment baseline map. The

Contractor will choose particular sites within the overall campus with the consultation with

Supervision Consultant and PMO. If the Contractor chooses to locate his facilities on a

private land, he will himself be responsible for any compensation, resettlement or

rehabilitation process and costs and Supervision Consultant or Irrigation and Power

Department shall not be involved in acquiring or using the land in making any payments for

doing so. If the contractor selects different location for the Batching Plant, Labour Camp,

borrowing area etc then the contractor will develop base line data for the new location on his

own cost and resources.

• Clause regarding Rehabilitation of Construction and Extraction Sites

The Contractor shall carry out construction work exactly on the same site and according to

the same design as provided in the Tender Documents. Also the camps site, the material

depot, the machinery and equipment yard, link roads, borrow areas and coffer dam shall,

after the completion of construction, be restored and rehabilitated and brought to at least the

same condition, in which these were handed over to the contract. A set of Plategraphs and a

video tape film shall be prepared to show the pre-construction sites and post construction

rehabilitated sites.

• Clause Regarding Drainage, Paths, Roads, Linear Fixtures Crossed/Damaged By Machinery Moving to and From the Construction Sites

During the construction, if the Contractor’s vehicles moving to and from the construction

site(s) cause any damage or disruption of services pertaining to drainage systems, paths,

roads linear fixtures e.g., transmission lines and fences, the Contractor shall get the damage

repaired and services restored within the shortest possible time of the damage, failing which

the Supervision Consultant will get an assessment of the damage and losses and debit that

amount to Contractors account and the next payment shall be made to Contractor after

deducting the debited amount.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 196

• Clause Regarding Earthen Embankments or Concrete Work Vicinity Scouring on The Protection Bunds or on the Main Sill Structure

All such spots where there is a possibility of scouring of earthen embankments or concrete

work edge as mentioned in the Tender Document and quality included in this Construction

Contract, the Contractor shall protect by protection walls and stone rip-rap work, failing

which the payment of the Contractor shall be with-held.

• Clause regarding discharge spill or dumping on any building, House, graveyard, archaeological site (established or newly Found), unstable slopes, un-compacted embankment or leaking into construction area

The Contractor shall be contractually bound to not to allow or cause discharge spill or

dumping on any building house, graveyard, archaeological site (established or newly found),

unstable slopes, un-compacted embankment or leakage of material/waste into the

construction area. Any such failure shall be duly noted by Supervision Consultant during site

inspections and contractor shall immediately remedy the situation failing which the payment

of the contractor shall be with-held and the damage so caused shall be debited to

contractor’s account under the contractual provisions.

• Clause regarding Diesel and other fluids spilling over to River water from Construction Machinery

The Contractor shall ensure that his construction machinery is always in first class working

order and no spilling of Diesel or any other fluids into the River, is caused by the defective

machinery of the Contractor. For any such spill the Contractor shall pay the environmental

compensation to be assessed by Supervision Consultant and the said amount shall be

debited towards the payment of the Contractor.

• Clause Regarding Protection of Construction Work From Floods

The Contractor shall, throughout the construction work, manage to keep an eye on the flood

position of the barrage and shall remain in touch with Flood Control Centre and remain

equipped with means and equipment for taking protective measures to protect the works

under construction. Irrigation and Power Department shall not be responsible for any

damage caused by floods and any works washed away shall be reconstructed by the

Contractor at his own cost within the tenure of the contract.

• Clause regarding providing proper diversion of water from downstream

The Contractor shall, in consultation with Supervision Consultant provide proper diversion to

water flowing downstream and by requesting the Barrage Management opening and closing

the main barrage gates and by collaboration with local communities especially the

Fishermen community as per SFA and preparing them for any such diversions or closures.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 197

Losses caused to construction work due poor or mismanaged river flow diversion shall be

considered as negligence on the part of contractor any damages or losses caused due to

this negligence shall be borne by the contractor.

• Clause regarding control on air quality by not allowing Machinery to cause dust, smoke or noise pollution

The Contractor shall not cause deterioration of air quality by using old or ill maintained

machinery which raise excessive dust, produce excessive smoke or cause excessive noise

pollution. The Contractor shall follow strict standards of maintenance of machinery, provide

qualified and trained drivers and operations for the vehicles. The Contractor shall also

sprinkle water on kacha roads to be used as link roads, and sites where the earth is to be

dumped. The Contractor shall provide protective masks to his work force. Failure to do so

shall be taken as serious contravention of the contract and shall cause the payment to be

deferred till the correction of the situation.

• Clause regarding control of dust or other pollutants from Stored materials, material depots or spoil heaps

The Contractor shall:-

(a) locate his material depots and spoil dump as far away from the villages/community

“Deras” as possible.

(b) keep all such materials covered for effective control of the fugitive dust.

Failing to do the Contractor will bear the cost which may have to be incurred on arranging

remedy to defaults.

• Clause regarding use of outdated machinery

The Contractor shall obtain a certificate from Vehicle Examiner working under the

Supervision Consultant but paid by the Contractor, that all the machinery employed is either

new or in first class fitness condition so as not to cause smoke or oil leakages. Supervision

Consultant will not allow the use of any outdated machinery.

• Clause to Protect the Biological Resources

The Contract will ensure that:-

a) Unnecessary and out of bound activities/movements are not done outside the

campus allotted to him for setting-up the labour camp, material depots and

machinery yard etc.

b) No fire arms are carried by any of the employees or labour.

c) All Forest, Wildlife and Fisheries Laws are fully respected and abided by the

Contractor and his work force.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 198

d) The Biodiversity is respected and saved on its terrestrial, aquatic and aerial habitats.

e) Necessary sign boards indicating boundaries of the barrage pond area are displayed

to make labour, visitors and members of public to remind them of their obligations

towards Biota.

f) Inspections by Wildlife, Forest and Fisheries Officers are facilitated in camps to

facilitate a proper implementation of relevant Laws.

g) Communities are given awareness and are involved in proper protection of the Biota

inside and around the Project site.

• Clause regarding respect for Socio-economic and Cultural Values and heritage

The Contractor shall be bound to:-

(a) Ensure that no damage or disruption is caused to the social infrastructure or public

services being provided to the people e.g., education, health, electricity supply,

drinking water supply facilities for public gathering or religious congregations.

(b) Ensure the Contractor or his employees remain above the local Tribal tensions

especially the disputes over distribution of canal water and use of aquatic life.

(c) Ensure that existing ownership of land around the Project is respected.

(d) Ensure that if some construction material has to be procured from or through a

member of local community, it must be by a proper Social Framework Agreement

signed by all the parties.

e) Ensure that no damage or adverse effect is caused to archaeological sites (in case

find on site) graveyards and burial places.

• Clause regarding Public Safety, Health and Safety at Construct Site, including measures against HIV/AID and Life insurance.

The Contractor shall:-

a. Put up temporary but prominent sign boards in all of the project activity area warning

people against likely hazards which can be caused due to certain activities. (Also to

be reflected in SFA).

b. Arrange to run a proper campaign in the labour camp, to make people aware of the

causes, mode of transmission and consequences of HIV/AIDS.

c. Strengthen the existing Basic Health Unit (BHU) for the benefit of the labour as well

as the surrounding villages.

d. Ensure proper cleanliness and hygienic conditions at labour camps by ensuring a

clean mess, proper drainage and suitable disposal of solid waste. Inoculation against

Cholera will be arranged at intervals as recommended by Health Department.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 199

e. Keep all the camps, offices, material depots, machinery yards and work site open for

the inspection of health and safety measures, and related documents and include in

the contract document the text regarding accessibility to the camps etc.

f. Provide proper overall, helmet and field boots and earplugs to work as a precaution

against any mishap, and interlink various parts of the construction complex with local

wireless telephones also fitted the vehicles.

g. Provide a group insurance cover to the workers and labour on study on site or in the

camp, against accidents, mishaps or loss of life on duty.

• Clause regarding employment of Locals in the construction work

The Contractor as an obligation of the Contract will employ, subject to availability and work

ability, maximum number of local labour for construction work.

• Clause regarding impact due to material and waste left behind when construction or dismantling Cofferdam(s)

A careful planning of construction and dismantling is the Contractor’s contractual obligation.

It is his further obligation to remove all left over material and construction waste. The

contractor shall ensure that turbidity / dissolved oxygen will not exceed from the acceptable

levels during construction or dismantling of cofferdam(s). Contractor will consult with the

environmentalist from the supervising consultant to get approval of the process of

constructing / dismantling of cofferdam(s). It is also obligation of the contractor to remove at

least 70% of the cofferdam construction. Furthermore, all removable sheet piles, if any, will

be completely removed or at least underwater cut at river bed level after completing the

construction activities. Failure to complete the task will liable the contractor to deduct total

cost of the sheet pile left, as well as the cost of the construction of cofferdam left behind

lesser than 70%. Disposal site(s) for the dismantled cofferdam(s) will be finalized by RE and

EU.

7.18 CONCLUSION

The potential impacts of the project are associated with only the construction phase of the

project and all of these impacts are temporary and reversible in nature. These impacts can

be mitigated through the proper implementation of the EMP. Therefore it is concluded that

the project is environmentally friendly, financially viable, economically sustainable,

genderally neutral and pro-poverty alleviation.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 200

Figure 7.1 Proposed Traffic Management Map


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 201

CHAPTER 8: PUBLIC CONSULTATION 8.1 GENERAL

Timely and broad-based stakeholder involvement is an essential element for an effective

environmental assessment, as it is linked with Project Planning, appraisal and development

in general. Public involvement during Environmental impact Assessment (EIA) have a

tendency to improve project design environmental soundness and social acceptability.

Contrary, EIAs that fail to be inclusive lean to have less influence over planning and

implementation and resulted in high environmental and social cost. Considering more

stakeholder involvement in EIA process resulted in improving the quality of the

environmental assessment (EA). This is due to the prediction of the impacts using EIA often

requires many years information and good quality base line data. Environmental

Assessment that involves broad-base stakeholder consultation have greater potential to

assess wider information resource-base and generation of accumulating knowledge of the

local environment.

8.2 LEGAL REQUIREMENT FOR PUBLIC CONSULTATION

According to the IEE and EIA Review Regulations 2000, public consultation is mandatory for

EIA study. It is also mandatory for the projects classified as category B project and AOI

include environmental sensitive area under the ADB Environment Policy.

8.3 CONSULTATION METHODOLOGY

8.3.1 Stakeholder Identification They are grouped into the following main categories

i. Local Communities

ii. Government & Local Government Bodies

iii. Civil Societies

iv. Private Sector Bodies

The groups or institutions identified as stakeholder under each category are listed below

I. Local Communities

a) Local labour (landless)

b) Farmers of all land holding categories

c) Fishing communities

d) Female-head household

e) Small business owner


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 202

II. Government

There can be many departments who can be indirectly related to the project but those who

have high relevance include;

a) Punjab Irrigation Department (including both top and low ranked officers

and staff)

b) Punjab Forest Department, Wildlife, Fisheries Department

c) EPA

III. Civil Society Institution that may have relevance to the Project includes various

NGO’s working in the construction and social development

IV. Private sector bodies can be commercial e.g. plantation manager, fishing contractors

etc

8.3.2 Consultation Process and Technology Public Consultation has been conducted in two phase once during the early stage,

reconnaissance survey and once during the preparation of EIA. Consultation with

stakeholder will also be carried out throughout the Project cycle and by different member of

the team at different stages of the study. Consultation process includes focus group

discussion, village meetings and semi-structured interviews and one to one meeting or

interviewed in the case of government, private and civil society institutions. During the

consultation process, the stakeholders was briefed about the project objectives and scope.

Their fears and suggestions was recorded. Women consultations was undertaken, under

Gender analysis and explained about the benefits of the project.

All meetings and discussion were held during day time on working days to ensure the

availability and participation of the group/individual being consultant. The consultation is

sensitive to the local language and cultural needs and wherever expatriate staff is involved

local interpreters will be used, as the staff observed local norms.

Local community and Wildlife and Fishry department has been consulted under phase I

public consultation and their point of view and information provided are included in this

study. The details of the consultations are summarized in Table-8.2.

8.4 OBJECTIVES ACHIEVED WITH THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION

1 Eliminate the scare that the canals will remain closed outside the routine closure period

during the construction period. It was clarified that due measures will be taken that

canals would run as per usual program and canal closure will take place only under the

notified canal closure program as follow.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 203

Name of Canal Status of Canal Periods when canal would close

Pakpattan Canal Perennial 31-Dec to 16-Jan

Fordwah Canal Non-Perennial 15 Oct to 15 April

Sadiqia Canal Perennial 31-Dec to 16-Jan

2 No change would ordinarily be made in existing capacity of canals during construction

phase, so no impact is anticipated on the canal command area. It was explained

that project aimed at rehabilitating the Sulemanki Barrage and increase the capacity of

the barrage by strengthening embankments, Barrage structure and dredging the silt

within the pond area of the barrage. The local community was informed about the

surface water quality and the water quality of the existing hand pump is not fit for

drinking purpose without any treatment as identified in the baseline study.

3 Resettlement Plan (RP) will be prepared to facilitate the affecties and submitted to the

authorities under different cover.

4 Eliminate the fears that the large number of workers and labour will be brought by the

contractor from outside the project area and ensure them that an opportunity of

employment generated by the project shall be availed by the people of the area.

5 It was clarified that no access roads or public paths damage or alter for the contractor(s)

activities i.e. labour camp, material depot, machinery yard etc.

6 It has been ensured to the local community that maximum employment will be offered to

the local labour/workers. They were given the following illustrative numbers of skilled

and unskilled labour that will be required for the project.

Table 8.1: Employment Opportunity at Suleimanki Barrage Rehabilitation Work

Approximate Total No. Minimum Percentage of Local

Skilled Worker 75 As much as possible

Semi Skilled

Labour 325 As much as possible

Unskilled

Labour 600 As much as possible

i. Fishermen of the community believe that the construction activities would not put

adverse effects on fishing industry as most of the Project activities schedule within

half kilometer of upstream and downstream of the barrage structure which is a

prohibited area for fishing. However the strengthening of the embankments work will


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 204

raise the noise level of the surrounding area and could effect the fishing activities

next to the embankments.

ii. Question was passed by the community that presence of some 1000 male members

of labour from general locality of project will not only restrict the chances of women

employment, but also cause moral and social problems for the free movement of

local women folk in the area. It was clarified that strict discipline would be exercised

on the labour force by providing stringent clauses in the contract document. To cut

out the possibility of any moral issues or Communicable diseases spread, a well

organized campaign shall be run.

iii. Road and kacha paths within the project areas would expose to the heavy traffic due

to Project activities. This could raise the road accident and deterioration rate of the

roads. It was clarified that due sinology and traffic management plan would be put

into operation to minimize the impacts.

iv. With arrival of about 1000 additional persons, the price of accommodation in project

area and Sulemanki Barrage markets would go up, and price index would go

unfriendly for the local villagers. It was clarified that a Labour Camp will be

constructed to accommodate for workers. It was also explained to the local

community by some trade oriented people that instead of rise in price those would fall

because larger market activities reduce the profit margin and price. More economical

activities and better employment opportunities will be available for local community

due to the rehabilitation of the barrage. This will help in lowering the poverty line in

the area.

The following points came up in open acceptance of the project.

a) Greater employment opportunity was most welcome.

b) Greater economic activity will alleviate poverty.

c) Sulemanki barrage will be saved and given longer base of life and thus the

dependent agriculture.

d) Present level of services i.e. electricity, communication, schooling, water

supply etc. is likely to improve.

e) Wildlife Public Parks will attract visitors and tourism in the area and put

positive effects on the local economy.

8.5 CONSULTATION AND DISCUSSION DURING IMPLEMENTATION

8.5.1 Public Hearing This public hearing paragraph is a dummy to indicate the type of text required in the report.

This will be replaced by actual text when EPA Punjab holds hearing. The public hearings will

provide a forum for the post submission consultation on the EIA. The Punjab EPA within 10


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 205

days of the submission of the EIA will publish a public notice in any English or Urdu national

newspaper and in a local news paper for general circulation of the area affected by the

project.

The EPA will fix the date (not be earlier than 30 days from the date of publication of the

public notice) and venue for the public hearing.

The circulation of the EIA report, gathering of comments on the EIA and ensuring public

participation during public hearing will be the responsibilities of the Punjab EPA. The public

hearing will preferably be held at the town/city nearest to the project area with representative

from the government agencies, academic and prominent NGOs attending.

During the project implementation the consultation of the local community will occur at many

forum by different members of the project. These consultations will be done during

construction & operational phase of the project, for capacity building and implementing

agricultural extension. These consultations will be provided the forum continuously gathering

concerns of the local communities during project implementation.

A Social Frame Work Agreement (SFA) will be signed through mutual open consent

between the local village leaders and designated official of I&P Department. An outline of

SFA is given below.

8.5.2 Epa Approval

The EIA report duly reconciled with PMO has been submitted to EPA Punjab for obtaining

No Objection Certificate (NOC). A cheque of Rs. 30,000.00 has been also deposited along

with the report by the consultant to EPA through PMO for conducting a Public Hearing. The

approval from EPA (NOC-No Objection Certificate) for the Project is mandatory requirement

before its commencement.

Social Framework Agreement

1. This is a Draft Social Framework Agreement between an official representing the

Irrigation and Power Department (I&P Department), Government of Punjab and the

villagers’ Committee, whose names have been inscribed below in their presence and

full consent.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 206

Sr. No. of Village

Village Name (Two from each Village)

Father’s Name

1. 1.

2.

2. 1.

2.

3. 1.

2.

4. 1.

2.

5. 1.

2.

6. 1.

2.

7. 1.

2.

8. 1.

2.

9. 1.

2.

2. We the committee of village leader/elders have agreed unanimously to nominate

_______________________ S/O ______________________ as our Chairman and

authorize him to enter into an SFA with I&P on our behalf. We understand and

pledge that this SFA will be a binding on us and I&P throughout the currency of the

construction work as well as the operational phase.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 207

Signatures or Thumb Impression (TI) of the Chairman and the Members of the Villagers

Committee.

Sr. No.

Name Signatures/TI

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

3. By mutual consent it is agreed that I&P Department

i) Shall not occupy any agriculture land or acquire any other land during the

construction of the project.

ii) Shall not cause any damage or reduction in the water supply in the canals during

the construction period of the project, except in case of force majeure e.g. high

floods, strong storms or any other act of God

iii) Shall not cause any disturbance to the wildlife, wetland, archeological heritage or

a place of worship

iv) Shall not interfere in the social political or tribal balance of the area.

v) Shall wherever possible, facilitate better services and supplies to the area e.g.

schooling, health, awareness on epidemic and communicable diseases,

electricity and road/rail communication.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 208

4. Also, by mutual consent it is agreed that all the villagers residing in the area

influencing project (name of the villages listed in para 1 above), collectively and

severally:

i) Shall not interfere in the location of labour camps, material depots, equipment

yards and all the approach roads to be used during project construction phase,

all of which will be located on the lands of I&P department

ii) Shall not interfere if the I&P department decides to shift the construction of

works elsewhere on a more suitable site as long as the activity remains on I&P

department’s own land

iii) Shall not receive any discharge of water slurry or oil spills to any graveyard or

archaeological site

iv) Shall not cause any damage to wildlife or forest resources of any wildlife reserve

and no villagers will be involved in killing, poaching or illegal hunting

v) Shall not allow reduction or official interference in our existing services and

facilities e.g. education, health, electricity, water supply, religious and social

congregations

vi) Agree that in case the contractor wishes to obtain some material from the private

lands or wishes to make use of any piece of land outside the I&P department

land that would invoke a new agreement between the villagers and the contractor

and I&P department or Govt. of the Punjab shall not be involved in that in any

way

vii) Agree to respect and observe the cautions on the sign boards displayed by

project authorities and shall not remove or cause to be removed any signboards

or installations put up by I&P or their representatives

(Add more conditions if required as per the prevailing circumstances).

This SFA has been signed this ________________ day of ______________, at __________


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 209

Signatures

Resident Engineer

(Full name and address)

Signatures

Chairman Villagers’ Committee

(Name and Address)

Counter signed

Signature

Designated Official of I&P, Punjab

(full name and address)


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 210

Table 8.2: Public Consultation Sr. No Meeting Place Date No. of Participants Main Concern Replies

1

At the Barrage

(in the restaurant

area)

11/7/09 10

The benefits from the project to the

local community

Arriving of possibly 1000 labour

from other part of the country may

adversely impact the social life and

the local women movement in the

area

Protection from flood, Leakage of

water through the gates will be

minimize and so there will be more

water in canals

Job opportunities to the local

community

It was clarified that strict discipline

would be exercised on the labour

force to restrict the possibility of

any moral issues or spread of

communicable diseases.

2 Local Fishing

Department office 11/7/09 8

Wildlife habitat adversely impacted

due to the construction activities and

illegally fishing by the outside labour

It has been ensured to the local

community that maximum

employment will be offered to the

local community

All fishing, wildlife and forest laws

are fully respected and abide by the

contractor and his work force


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 211

3

Wildlife

Department

Office at

Suleimanki

Barrage

11/7/09 6

Wildlife habitat adversely impacted

due to the construction activities

It was explained that all the wildlife,

forestry & fishry laws will be

implemented on site to avoid

adversely affecting the wildlife and

flora of the area

4

Chak Abdalka

Union Council

Jhindhka

16/11/09 10

Extra burden on existing services

e.g. health facility, education,

electricity etc

Worries were expressed by the local

community regarding the extended

canal closure during construction

phase.

Project’s heavy traffic may damage

the roads and kacha paths of the

area

Possible impact of water logging

due to alteration in water level in

result of project activities

It was explained that due sinology

and traffic management plan would

be put into operation to minimise

the disruption of traffic. Regular

spraying of water would be

undertaken to minimize the dust

pollution.

It was clarified that due measures

will be taken that canal will run as

per usual programme with no effect

on the discharge volume and will

close only during routine annual

closure

It was explained that there will be

no change in pond water level,

therefore inundation or water


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 212

logging will not be the issue due to

implementation of the project

5

Head Office

Wildlife

Departmen at

Lahore

19/02/10 4

The spillway channel area fall in

public park and wetland

The idea of developing the length

of the spillway fall in wildlife public

park area as a lake was

appreciated very much and agreed

that this will enhance the bio-

diversity of the area by the Wildlife

Department.

It was ensured that the wildlife,

Forestry & fishery rules & laws will

be implemented during design and

construction phase of the project to

minimize the adverse impacts on

the ecology of the area.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC

Appendices


NESPAK-ABB-DMC

APPENDIX-2.1

NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 213

Appendix 2.1

National Environemntal Quality Standards

Determinant Limit

Temperature 40 deg Centigrade

pH 6 and <10 pH

BOD 80 mg/l

Chemcial Oxygen Demand (COD) 150 mg/l

Total Suspended Solid (TSS) 200 mg/l

Total Dissolved solids 3500 mg/l

Grease and Oil 10 mg/l

An-ionic detergents (as MBAS) 20 mg/l

Ammonia 40 mg/l

Chlorine 1.00 mg/l

Chloride 1000 mg/l

Sulphate 600 mg/l

Manganese (Mn) 1.50 mg/l

Chromium (Cr) 1.00 mg/l

Copper (Cu) 1.00 mg/l

Lead (Pb) 0.50 mg/l

Mercury (Hg) 0.01 mg/l

Selenium (Se) 0.50 mg/l

Nickel (Ni) 1.00 mg/l

Silver (Ag) 1.00 mg/l

Zinc (Zn) 5.00 mg/l

Barium (Ba) 1.50 mg/l

Iron (Fe) 8.00 mg/l

Chlorine 1.00 mg/l

Phenol Compounds 0.1mg/l

Cyanide (Cn) 1.0mg/l

Cadmium (Cd) 0.1mg/l

Arsenic (As) 1.0mg/l

Total Toxic Metal 2.0mg/l

Boron 6.00mg/l


NESPAK-ABB-DMC

APPENDIX-3.1

CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 214

Appendix 3.1 Construction Schedule


NESPAK-ABB-DMC

APPENDIX-4.1

SAMPLING PROCEDURE AND TEST RESULTS


NESPAK-ABB-DMC

Monitoring Report

Environmental Assessment at Sulemanki Barrage

Our Ref.: Env-Lhr-435/09 Monitoring Date: November 10 to November 11, 2009

For

Environmental Services SGS Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 215

List of Contents

1. Introduction 1.1. Sampling Location

1.2. Study Objectives

1.3. Scope of Services

1.3.1. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

1.3.2. Noise Level Monitoring

1.3.3. Water Sampling

1.3.3.1 Analys is Parameters :

1.4. Work Plan

2. Methodology 2.1. Ambient Air Quality

2.1.1. Sampling and Analysis of Particulate Matter

2.2. Meteorological Conditions

2.3. Noise Level Monitoring

2.4. Sampling of Ground and Surface Water

2.4.1. Sample Preservation

2.4.2 Sample Identification and Chain of Custody

2.4.3 Analysis Methods

3. Results and Discussion


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 216

List of Tables:

Table 1: Ground Water

Table 2: Surface Water

Table 3: Work Plan

Table 4: Methodology of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Table 5: Summary of Special Handling Requirements for Ground / Surface Water Samples

Table 6: Methods Used for Analysis

Table 7: Average Obtained Concentrations of Priority Pollutants


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 217

List of Figures:

Figure 1: Project Location

Figure 2: Sampling Location

Figure 3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Figure 4: Noise Level Monitoring at Irrigation

Figure 5: Noise Level Monitoring at Sulamanki Barrage

Figure 6: Ground Water Sampling from Haveli Lakha

Figure 7: Surface Water Sampling from Right Under Sluice


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 218

List of Annexes: Annexure – I Meteorological Data

Annexure – II Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Data

Annexure – III Noise Level Monitoring Data

Annexure – IV Ground Water Analysis Report

Annexure – V Surface Water Analsyis Report

Annexure – VI Standards


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 219

1. Introduction

National Engineering Services Pakistan (Pvt) Limited (NESPAK) is one of the leading

engineering consultancies of the Pakistan. NESPAK is conducting project for

rehabilitation and up gradation of Sulemanki barrage funded by Asian Development Bank.

Services of SGS Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd were engaged to develop baseline of the project site

and surroundings. This report is prepared on the basis of field survey carried out from

November 10 to 11, 2009 for ambient air quality, weather conditions, noise level

monitoring, ground and surface water sampling from advised locations.

1.1. Sampling Location

The project location for Sulemanki barrage rehabilitation and up gradation is given as

Figure 1. The site selected for ambient air quality and noise level monitoring was at

Sulemanki Barrage. The monitoring was carried out at the selected sites for the duration of

24 hrs. Water samples were collected from advised sampling locations in order to

determine the water quality of the area. Three surface water samples were collected from

right under sluice, left under sluice and BS link fall into the Sutlj River respectively.

Ground water sample was collected from the village located in the vicinity of the project

site. The photographs of the sampling is given in Figure 6 and 7.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 220

Fi g ur e : 1 Pr o j ec t L oc a t i o n


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 221

F i g u r e : 2 S a m p l i n g L o c a t i o n


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 222

1.2. Study Objectives

The main objective of the study was to monitor ambient air quality, recording sound level

and analyze the ground and surface water samples to examine the environmental

conditions and water quality of the project site and its surroundings. The obtained data is

compared with standards attached as Annexure- VI of the report.

1.3. Scope of Services

Scope of services covered following main components:

� Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

� Weather Conditions

� Noise Level Monitoring

� Ground Water Sampling and Analysis

� Surface Water Sampling and Analysis

1.3.1. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

In accordance to USEPA National Ambient Air Quality standards the following priority

pollutants would be monitored in the ambient air of the study area:

� Carbon Monoxide (CO)

� Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

� Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)

� Particulate Matter (PM1 0 )

In addition to above mentioned parameters, the weather conditions were also monitored in

order to interpret ambient air quality. For the purpose following parameters would be

monitored:

� Ambient Temperature

� Relative Humidity

� Barometric Pressure

� Wind Direction

� Wind Velocity


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 223

1.3.2. Noise Level Monitoring

Noise level using portable digital sound meter was monitored at following advised sites:

� At Barrage

� Irrigation Colony

1.3.3 Water Sampling

Water samples were collected from advised sampling points and were submitted to SGS

chemical and microbiological labs for analysis according to parameters as per contract.

1.3.3.1 Analysis Parameters:

The collected water samples were analyzed for following list of parameters according to US

EPA and APHA approved methods.

Tab l e 1 : Ground Wate r

Test Type Physical Chemical Biological

Parameter Odor Color Taste

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Ca Hardness Mg Hardness Nitrate Electrical Conductivity (EC) Chloride (Cl) Sulphate Turbidity Fluoride Nickel Manganese Zinc Copper Chromium Mercury Lead Silver Selenium Barium Magnesium Iron Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC)

Total Colonial Count Total Coliforms Fecal E. Coli Fecal Enterococci


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 224

Table 2 : Surface Water

Test Type Physical Chemical Biological

Parameter Odor Color Taste

Electrical Conductivity (EC) Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Nitrate Grease & Oil Chloride (Cl) Sulphate Turbidity Fluoride Magnesium Iron Nickel Manganese Zinc Copper Chromium Mercury Lead Silver Selenium Barium BODs COD Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC)

Total Colonial Count Total Coliforms Fecal E. Coli Fecal Enterococci


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 225

1.4. Work Plan

In order to cover the above scope of work, following schedule was planned and followed:

T a b l e 3 : W o r k P l a n

Sr.# Intervention Date Activity

Sulemanki Barrage

Irrigation Colony

Monitoring Haveli Lakha

and Sampl ing Locat ion

Right Under Sluice

Left Under Sluice

Just After the BS Link Fall

into Sutlj River

Environmental Assessment at Sulemanki Barrage

1 Nov.10 to Nov.11,2009 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

2 Nov.10 to Nov.11,2009 Weather Conditions

3 Nov.10 to Nov.11,2009

Noise Level Monitoring

4 Nov.11 ,2009 Ground Water Sampling

5 Nov.11,2009 Surface Water


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 226

2. Methodology

Following is the brief description of methodology adapted for this environmental

assessment:

2.1. Ambient Air Quality

Ambient air quality was monitored with the help of Mobile Air Quality Station equipped

with the state of the art ambient air analyzers.

Figure 3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring at Suleimanki Barrage

Selection of sampling points was made considering the wind direction at the advised

sampling sites. The methodology adopted for ambient air quality monitoring is as follows:


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 227

Table 4: Methodology of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Air Pollutant

Monitoring TechniqueMethod

Measurement Range

Lowest Detection

Limit

Carbon Monoxide

(CO)

Gas Filter Correlation CO Analyzer

USEPA Designated

Method RFCA- 0981-054

0 – 100 0.01 ppm

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)

Pulsed Fluorescent Analyzer

USEPA Designated

Method EQSA- 0486-060

0 – 50 ppb 0 – 1000 ppm

1 ppb

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Chemiluminescent

Analyzer

USEPA Designated

Method RFNA- 1289-074

0 – 50 ppb 0 – 1000 ppm

1 ppb

Particulate Matter (PM1 0)

High Volume Sampler 40 CFR 50,

App. B (US-EPA)

2 – 750 g/m3 2 g/m3

2.1.1. Sampling and Analysis of Particulate Matter

Particulate matter concentration in terms of PM10 was monitored in the ambient air with

the help of high Volume PM10 Sampler. Reference method used for PM10

determination in ambient air is 40 CFR 50, Appendix J (USEPA).

Air sample for detection of PM10 concentration was drawn on fiberglass filter paper and

then the collected sample was preserved in protective holder which was transported to

SGS lab for further analysis under standard environmental conditions.

2.2. Meteorological Conditions

In addition to the advised parameters for ambient air quality, weather conditions were

also monitored continuously for 24 hours with the help of mobile weather station.

Selection of sampling points was made considering the wind direction at the advised

sampling site.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 228

2.3. Noise Level Monitoring

Noise level was monitored at the advised sampling points for 24 hours with interval of 1

second and hourly average data is reported. The sound level was monitored with the help

of potable Digital sound meter (RION, Model NL – 31, IEC60051 TYPE 1 IE60804 TYPE 1

JIS C 1505).

Figure4: Noise Level Monitoring at Irrigation Figure5:Noise Level Monitoring at Colony Sulemanki Barrage

Noise level measurement was performed according to standard operating procedures.

2.4. Sampling of Ground and Surface Water

One ground and three surface water samples were collected from advised sampling

points in the surroundings of the project site. Water samples were collected according to

the SOP based on the recognized methods of United State Environmental Protection

Agency (USEPA) and American Public Health Administration (APHA) for water sampling

and analysis.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 229

2.4.1. Sample Preservation

The collected water samples were preserved in appropriate containers as per APHA

guidelines. A shipping container (Ice box with eutectic cold packs instead of ice) with

maintained temperature of 4° C ±5 °C was used for transporting the samples from the

collection site to the analytical laboratory.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 230

Table 5: Summary of Special Handling Requirements for Ground / Surface Water Samples

Determination Container Minimum

Sample

Size (ml)

Preservation Maximum Storage

Recommended /

Regulatory

BOD5 P, G 1000 REFRIGERATE @ 4 oC 06 HRS / 48 DAYS

COD P, G 100 REFRIGERATE @ 4 oC ANALYZE

ASAP OR ADD H2SO4 TO pH <2 07 DAYS / 28 DAYS

CHLORINE, Residual P, G 500 ANALYZE IMMEDIATELY 0.5 HR / 02 HRS

COLOR P, G 500 REFRIGERATE 48 HRS / 48 HRS

CONDUCTIVITY P, G 500 REFRIGERATE 28 DAYS / 28 DAYS

FLUORIDE P 300 NONE REQUIRED 28 DAYS / 28 DAYS

GREASE & OIL G, wide mouth

calibrated 1000

ADD H2SO4 TO pH < 2,

REFRIGERATE 28 DAYS / 28 DAYS

HARDNESS P, G 100 ADD HNO3 TO pH < 2 06 MON / 06 MON

METALS, General P (A), G (A) - FOR DISSOLVED METALS

FILTER IMMEDIATELY 06 MON / 06 MON

Mercury P (A), G (A) 500 ADD HNO3 TO pH < 2.4 C 28 DAYS / 28 DAYS

Nitrogen

Ammonia P, G 500

ANALYZE ASAP OR ADD H2SO4

TO pH < 2, REFRIGERATE 07 DAYS / 28 DAYS

Nitrate P, G 100

ANALYZE ASAP OR

REFRIGERATE, OR FREEZE AT

–20 C

48 HRS / 48 HRS

Nitrate + Nitrite P, G 200 ADD H2SO4 TO pH < 2,

REFRIGERATE NONE / 28 DAYS

Nitrite P, G 100

ANALYZE ASAP OR

REFRIGERATE, OR FREEZE AT

–20 C

NONE / 48 HRS


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 231

Determination Container Minimum

Sample

Size (ml)

Preservation Maximum Storage

Recommended /

Regulatory Odor G 500 ANALYZE ASAP, REFRIGERATE 06 HRS

pH P, G - ANALYZE IMMEDIATELY 02 HRS / 02 HRS

Solids P, G - REFRIGERATE 07 DAYS / 07-14 DAYS

Sulfate P, G - REFRIGERATE 28 DAYS / 28 DAYS

Sulfide P, G 100 REFRIGERATE, ADD 4 DROPS 2N

ZINC ACETATE 28 DAYS / 28 DAYS

Temperature P, G - ANALYZE IMMEDIATELY - / -

Turbidity P, G - ANALYZE SAME DAY, STORE IN

DARK UP TO 24 HRS 48 HRS / 48 HRS

P : Plastic Container G : Glass Bottle

2.4.2 Sample Identification and Chain of Custody

The collected water samples were labeled and assigned a unique sample identification

number, sampling date and time of collection to collected samples. All the relevant

information (sampling location, time of collection, sample identification, temperature, pH,

collected by, preservation techniques etc) was recorded immediately on the Chain of

Custody form signed by SGS field Analyst.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 232

2.4.3 Analysis Methods

The collected ground and surface water samples were analyzed according to following

methods:

Table 6: Methods Used for Analysis

Sr.# Parameter Method / Technique Reference Method

1 Temperature Thermometer -

2 pH pH meter with 2 point calibration USEPA, APHA

3 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Wet chemistry APHA 4 Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5) Wet chemistry / Incubation ASTM

5 Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Wet chemistry/Air oven ASTM

6 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Wet chemistry/Digital determinator USEPA, APHA

7 Grease & Oil Solvent extraction ASTM

8 Phenolic Compounds (as phenol) Colourimetry USEPA, APHA

9 Chloride Wet chemistry USEPA, APHA

10 Fluoride Ion selective/colourimetry USEPA, APHA

11 Cyanide Ion selective / colourimetry USEPA, APHA 12 Anionic detergents Colourimetry USEPA, APHA 13 Sulphate Wet chemistry APHA 14 Sulphide Wet chemistry ASTM 15 Ammonia Wet chemistry / Ion Selective ASTM 16 Cadmium AAS USEPA, APHA 17 Chromium AAS USEPA, APHA 18 Copper AAS USEPA, APHA 19 Lead AAS USEPA, APHA 20 Mercury AAS USEPA, APHA 21 Nickel AAS USEPA, APHA 22 Silver AAS USEPA, APHA 23 Zinc AAS APHA 24 Arsenic AAS (Hydride generation) ASTM 25 Iron AAS ASTM 26 Manganese AAS USEPA, APHA 27 Nitrates Ion Selective USEPA, APHA

28 Turbidity Spectrophotometer USEPA, APHA

29 Dissolved Oxygen Titrimitery USEPA, APHA 30 Chlorine Wet chemistry APHA

APHA= American Public Health Association

ASTM=American Society for Testing and Materials

USEPA=United State Environmental Protection Agency


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 233

3. Results and Discussion

Monitoring of ambient air quality, weather, noise level and water quality was carried out at

advised sampling points. The monitoring results are given in Annexure I to V. The results

of ambient air quality monitored for 24 hrs are given in Annexure II of the report. USEPA

(United State Environmental Protection Agency) and Draft National Environmental Quality

Standards (NEQS) of Pak EPA for ambient air quality were used for comparison. The

copy of USEPA and Pak-EPA ambient air quality standards is attached as Annexure – VI of the report. The average concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) for 8 hrs according to

the USEPA standard should not exceed from 9ppm while for Pak EPA 5 mg/m3. The

levels obtained at monitoring site for 24 hrs averages were 3.19 ppm and 3.98 mg/m3

which lie well within the limits specified in both the standards for CO. Similarly average

concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide was found at 8.48 ppb (29.18

µg/m3) and 5.15ppb (14.72 µg/m3) respectively which are well within the limits defined in

USEPA and Pak-EPA standards. The 24 hrs average particulate matter PM10 was

found to be 117.32 µg/m3 against standards value of 150 µg/m3 for USEPA and 250

µg/m3 for Pak-EPA standard.

Table 7: Average Obtained Concentrations of Priority Pollutants

Parameter Unit

Average

Obtained

Concentration

Unit

Average

Obtained

Concentration

Duration

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2 ) ppb 8.48 µg/m3 29.18 24Hours

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2 ) ppb 5.15 µg/m3 14.72 24 Hours

Carbon Monoxide (CO) ppm 3.19 mg/m3 3.98 24 Hours

Particulate Matter (PM1 0 ) µg/m3 117.32 µg/m3 117.32 24 Hours

Noise level monitoring was conducted at sulamanki barrage and irrigation colony. Results

were attached as Annexure III of the report. The noise level was found in range of 43.4 –

62.7 dB (Le q . ) .


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 234

One ground water and three surface water samples were collected from advised sampling

points. The water samples were analyzed for chemical and microbiological parameters.

The WHO drinking water guidelines are given in Annexure VI of the report. Microbiological

analysis results of both ground and surface water samples show rich microbial

contamination which makes them unfit for human consumption. The results of ground

water analysis were attached as Annexure-IV while that of surface water are attached

Annexure V. All the parameters of ground water sample lie within the limits specified in

WHO guidelines except turbidity, lead and iron content which shows higher concentrations

than the values defined in WHO limits for drinking water. However, it is anticipated that the

concentration of turbidity and iron are high due to assimilation of soil in ground water.

Surface water samples were analyzed according to NEQS parameters. All the parameters

lie within the limits specified in NEQS for surface water. Results were attached as

Annexure-V of the report.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC

Annexure – I

Meteorological Data


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 235

Meteorological Data

Client : NESPAK (Pvt) Ltd. Sampling Point : Sulemanki Barrage Date of Intervention : November 10 – 11, 2009

Time Temp Wind Dir Wind Speed Hum Pressure OC m/s %

13:00 26 E 2.2 42 756.7 14:00 25 SW 2.0 44 756.5 15:00 23 N 1.7 45 756.5 16:00 23 NW 0.9 45 756.1 17:00 19 S 3.7 49 755.9 18:00 17 SW 1.9 52 755.7 19:00 15 SW 1.7 57 755.5 20:00 14 SW 1.1 60 755.1 21:00 14 SW 0.5 60 755.2 22:00 14 SW 0.8 62 755.1 23:00 13 SW 0.4 68 754.8 24:00 13 SW 0.9 68 754.6 01:00 13 SW 0.9 69 754.3 02:00 13 SW 0.9 69 754.2 03:00 11 SW 0.4 75 754.0 04:00 10 SW 0.4 74 754.1 05:00 9 SW 0.9 78 754.2 06:00 9 SW 0.4 79 754.4 07:00 8 E 2.7 80 754.9 08:00 12 SE 0.4 74 754.9 09:00 16 SE 0.8 56 755.2 10:00 22 SW 2.2 44 755.1 11:00 23 SW 2.5 36 754.8 12:00 25 SW 2.4 48 754.6


NESPAK-ABB-DMC

Annexure – II

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Data


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 236

Ambient Air Quality


S r. # T ime CO (ppm) NO

(ppb) NO2

(ppb) NOX (ppb)

SO2 (ppb)

1 13:00 2.6 10.12 8.09 18.21 3.21

2 14:00 2.2 12.72 4.58 17.30 3.17

3 15:00 3.1 10.32 9.77 20.09 4.20

4 16:00 2.7 12.40 13.61 26.01 5.17

5 17:00 4.2 19.21 5.15 24.36 9.48

6 18:00 4.3 12.27 17.26 29.53 9.58

7 19:00 4.0 13.57 6.97 20.54 8.17

8 20:00 3.8 8.01 4.92 12.93 7.12

9 21:00 3.6 6.49 4.81 11.30 5.82

10 22:00 3.4 4.80 14.8 19.60 5.30

11 23:00 4.0 10.07 153.31 25.38 4.91

12 24:00 3.3 11.40 5.03 16.43 4.96

13 01:00 3.1 6.08 9.89 15.97 4.62

14 02:00 3.0 6.57 11.64 18.21 4.57

15 03:00 3.0 6.92 5.08 12.00 5.04

16 04:00 2.9 3.75 5.18 8.93 4.30

17 05:00 2.9 2.80 3.52 6.32 3.83

18 06:00 2.8 2.23 7.85 10.08 3.04

19 07:00 2.7 3.83 4.33 8.16 3.52

20 08:00 2.7 2.65 9.66 12.31 2.85

21 09:00 4.3 4.81 12.87 17.68 4.49

22 10:00 2.9 7.70 9.91 17.61 5.51

23 11:00 2.6 7.10 5.34 12.44 5.96

24 12:00 2.5 5.18 8.03 13.21 4.74


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 237

Ambient Air Quality Client : NESPAK (Pvt) Ltd. Sampling Point : Sulemanki Barrage Date of Intervention : November 10 – 27, 2009

Parameter Unit Duration LDL Average Obtained

Concentration

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) ppb 24Hours 0.01 8.48

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) ppb 24 Hours 0.01 5.15

Carbon Monoxide (CO) ppm 24 Hours 1.0 3.19

Particulate Matter (PM10) µg/m3 24 Hours 2 117.32

µg/m3: micrograms per cubic meter

ppm: parts per million

ppb: parts Per billion

LDL: Lowest Detection Limit


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 238


Sr. # Time CO

(mg/m3) NO

(µg/m3) NO2 (µg/m3)

NOx (µg/m3)

SO2 (µg/m3)

1 13:00 3.25 13.56 16.58 30.14 9.18

2 14:00 2.75 17.045 9.39 26.44 9.07

3 15:00 3.87 13.83 20.03 33.86 12.01

4 16:00 3.37 16.6 27.90 44.50 14.79

5 17:00 5.25 25.74 10.56 36.30 27.11

6 18:00 5.37 16.44 35.38 51.82 27.40

7 19:00 5.00 18.18 14.29 32.47 23.37

8 20:00 4.75 10.73 10.09 20.82 20.36

9 21:00 4.50 8.70 9.86 18.56 16.64

10 22:00 4.25 6.43 30.34 36.77 15.16

11 23:00 5.00 13.50 314.29 327.79 14.04

12 24:00 4.12 15.28 10.31 25.59 14.19

13 01:00 3.87 8.15 20.27 28.42 13.21

14 02:00 3.75 8.80 23.86 32.66 13.07

15 03:00 3.75 9.27 10.41 19.68 14.41

16 04:00 3.625 5.02 10.62 15.64 12.30

17 05:00 3.62 3.75 7.22 10.97 10.95

18 06:00 3.50 2.99 16.09 19.08 8.69

19 07:00 3.37 5.13 8.88 14.01 10.07

20 08:00 3.37 3.55 19.80 23.35 8.15

21 09:00 5.37 6.44 26.38 32.82 12.84

22 10:00 3.62 10.32 20.31 30.63 15.76

23 11:00 3.25 9.51 10.95 20.46 17.05

24 12:00 3.12 6.94 16.46 23.40 13.56


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 239


Parameter Unit Duration Average

Concentration

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) µg/m3 24 Hours 29.18

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) µg/m3 24 Hours 14.72

Carbon Monoxide (CO) mg/m3 24 Hours 3.98

PM10 µg/m3 24 Hours 117.32

µg/m3: micrograms per cubic meter mg/m3: milligrams per cubic meter LDL: Lowest Detection Limit


NESPAK-ABB-DMC

Annexure – III

Noise Level Monitoring Data


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 240



Sr. # Time Leq(dB) Lmax(dB) Lmin(dB)

1 13:00 60.2 65.1 54.1

2 14:00 62.7 67.4 56.2

3 15:00 58.1 64.0 52.1

4 16:00 60.2 68.2 56.0

5 17:00 55.5 62.3 50.3

6 18:00 56.0 60.1 53.1

7 19:00 53.1 59.2 50.0

8 20:00 54.7 59.0 51.1

9 21:00 53.4 58.2 49.2

10 22:00 54.0 62.1 50.0

11 23:00 49.1 57.2 43.7

12 24:00 52.1 58.0 49.1

13 01:00 51.0 59.3 47.3

14 02:00 55.2 63.7 52.4

15 03:00 53.7 60.2 49.7

16 04:00 50.0 58.0 46.0

17 05:00 50.2 57.4 45.1

18 06:00 53.0 62.2 49.2

19 07:00 56.1 64.0 53.4

20 08:00 60.4 67.1 55.1

21 09:00 59.2 68.7 56.7

22 10:00 57.0 65.3 54.2

23 11:00 57.3 64.0 55.3

24 12:00 55.1 63.2 54.0


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 241


Client : NESPAK (Pvt) Ltd.

G r a p h 1 : - V a r i a t i o n o f N o i s e w i t h T i m e


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 242


Client : NESPAK (Pvt) Ltd. Sampling Point : Irrigation Colony Date of Intervention : November 10 – 11, 2009

Sr. # Time Leq(dB) Lmax(dB) Lmin(dB)

1 13:00 60.0 65.0 53.0

2 14:00 62.1 67.1 55.2

3 15:00 55.7 62.0 57.0

4 16:00 52.3 60.7 48.3

5 17:00 59.4 63.9 53.0

6 18:00 57.0 64.5 52.5

7 19:00 55.3 59.2 47.2

8 20:00 49.2 55.1 46.0

9 21:00 57.2 60.3 57.3

10 22:00 46.1 52.2 44.4

11 23:00 44.0 50.5 42.0

12 24:00 44.7 51.3 40.1

13 01:00 43.4 50.2 39.7

14 02:00 47.5 52.7 41.0

15 03:00 45.4 53.1 40.5

16 04:00 52.2 57.0 45.0

17 05:00 54.0 59.1 49.7

18 06:00 58.1 63.0 50.0

19 07:00 60.3 64.3 52.1

20 08:00 62.2 65.7 53.3

21 09:00 59.1 63.0 50.0

22 10:00 57.3 60.1 49.2

23 11:00 59.2 62.1 53.7

24 12:00 61.1 64.0 56.2


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 243

G r a p h 2 : - V a r i a t i o n o f N o i s e w i t h T i m e


NESPAK-ABB-DMC

Annexure – IV

Ground Water Analysis Report


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 244

MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS REPORT

Job No : Client Name & Account : Description Of Sample :

Env – Lhr – 435 / 2009 NESPAK (Pvt) Ltd. Ground Water

Marking (If Any) : Hand Pump near Mosque

No. of sample : 01

Sample Condition Upon Receipt: Satisfactory Sample Collection Date : 11-11-09 Environmental Conditions: Temperature : NA Humidity: NA

Sr. # Parameters Procedure Permissible

Limits

Results

01 Total Colony Count APHA:9215 < 500 cfu / ml T N T C

02 Total Coli Forms APHA:9222 B 0 / 1 00ml 6 7

03 Faecal

Coli Forms (E.Coli) APHA:9222 B 0 / 1 00ml 3 9

04 Faecal

Streptococci/ Enterococci APHA: 9230 C 0 / 1 00ml 1 8

cfu : co lony forming unit

NOTE:

WHO/USEPA Guidelines for Drinking Water states that T o t a l or Faeca l Coli forms must be absent a n d are not to le ra ted in Potable water.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 245

C H E M I C A L L A B O R A T O R Y

T E S T R E P O R T

Job No : Client Name & Account : Description Of Sample :

Env – Lhr – 435 / 2009 NESPAK (Pvt) Ltd. Ground Water

Marking (If Any) : Hand Pump near Mosque

No. of sample : 01

Sample Condition Upon Receipt: Satisfactory Sample Collection Date : 11-11-09 Environmental Conditions: Temperature : NA Humidity: NA

Sr. # Parameters Method Unit LDL Test

Results WHO

Guidelines

01 Color Visual - - Pale Yellow -

02 Odor Organoleptic - - Odorless -

03 Turbidity APHA-2130 B NTU 0.2 27 5 NTU

04 Conductivity APHA-2150 B µS 0.1 594 -

05 Total Dissolved Solids

(TDS) APHA-2540 C mg/L 5.0 415 1000

06 Total Suspended Solids

(TSS) APHA-2540 D mg/L 5.0 34 -

07 Calcium Hardness APHA-2340 B & C mg/L 0.5 183.15 -

08 Magnesium Hardness APHA-2340 B & C mg/L 0.5 66.80 -

09 Magnesium APHA-3500Mg B mg/L 0.5 16.3 -

10 Chloride (Cl) APHA-4500Cl- B mg/L 0.5 21 250

11 Sulfate (SO4) APHA-4500SO4 C mg/L 5.0 35 250

12 Nitrates (NO3) APHA-4500NO3 B mg/L 0.003 5.3 50

13 Fluoride (F) APHA - F- C mg/L 0.01 1.2 1.5

14 Sodium Absorption Ratio

(SAR) In-House - - 10.46 -


(RSC)

In-House

mg/L

- ND -


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 246

Sr. # Parameters Method Unit LDL Test

Results

WHO

Guidelines

16 Chromium (Cr) APHA-3500Cr B mg/L 0.01 <0.01 0.05

17 Copper (Cu) APHA-3500Cu B mg/L 0.01 <0.01 1.0 – 2.0

18 Lead (Pb) APHA-3500Pb B mg/L 0.01 0.02 0.01

19 Mercury (Hg) APHA-3500-Hg B mg/L 0.001 <0.001 0.001

20 Selenium ( Se ) APHA-3500Se C mg/L 0.01 <0.01 -

21 Nickel (Ni) APHA-3500-Ni B mg/L 0.01 0.02 0.02

22 Silver (Ag) APHA-3500Ag B mg/L 0.1 <0.1 -

23 Zinc (Zn) APHA-3500Zn B mg/L 0.01 <0.01 3.0

24 Iron (Fe) APHA-3500Fe B mg/L 0.01 2.50 0.3

25 Barium ( Ba) APHA-3500Ba B mg/L 0.5 <0.5 -

26 Manganese (Mn) APHA-3500Mn B mg/L 0.01 0.41 0.1 – 0.5

27 Chlorine APHA-4500Cl G mg/L 0.1 <0.1 -

LDL: Lowest Detection Limit Not Defined

<: Less Than.

• This r e port is not valid f o r any negotiation.

• The remaining portion of the sampl e (s) will be disposed off after one week unless otherwise instruct.

• The sample(s) to which the findings recorded herein ( the “Findings”) relate was (were) drawn and / o r provided by the Client or by a third party acting at the Client’s direction. The Findings constitute no waranty of the sample’s re presentativeness of any goods and strictly relate to the sample(s). The Company accepts no liablity with regard to the origin o r source from which the sample(s) is/are said to be extracted.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC

Annexure – V

Surface Water Analysis Report


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 247

MICROB I O LOG I C A L A N A L Y S I S R E P O R T

J ob No : Client Name & Account : Description Of Sample :

Env – Lhr – 435 / 2009

NESPAK (Pvt) Ltd.Surface Water

Marking (If Any) : Right Under Sluice

Sample Condition Upon Receipt: Satisfactory

Environmental Conditions: Temperature : NA

Sr . # Parameters Procedure Permiss ible

L imits

Results

0 1 Total Colony Count APHA:9215 < 500 cfu / ml

1985

02 Total Coli Forms APHA:9222 B 0 / 100ml

57

03 Faecal

Coli Forms (E.Coli) APHA:9222 B 0 / 100ml 30

04 Faecal

Streptococci/ Enterococci APHA: 9230 C 0 / 100ml 10

c f u : c o l o n y f o r m i n g u n i t


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 248

M I C R O B I O L O G I C A L A N A L Y S I S R E P O R T


Env – Lhr – 435 / 2009


Marking (If Any) : Right Under Sluice

Sample Condition Upon Receipt: Satisfactory

Environmental Conditions: Temperature : NA

Sr . # Parameters Procedure Permiss ible

L imits

Results

0 1 Total Colony Count APHA:9215 < 500 cfu / ml 2392

02 Total Coli Forms APHA:9222 B 0 / 100ml 70

03 Faecal


04 Faecal




NESPAK-ABB-DMC 249

M I C R O B I O L O G I C A L A N A L Y S I S R E P O R T


Env – Lhr – 435 / 2009


Marking (If Any) : Right Under Sluice No. of sample : 01

Sample Condition Upon Receipt: Satisfactory Sample Collection Date : 11‐11‐09

Environmental Conditions: Temperature : NA Humidity: NA

Sr. # Parameters Procedure Permiss ible

Limits

Results

0 1 Total Colony Count APHA:9215 < 500 cfu / ml

967

02 Total Coli Forms APHA:9222 B 0 / 100ml 23

03 Faecal


04

Faecal




NESPAK-ABB-DMC 250


T E S T R E P O R T


Env – Lhr – 435 / 2009


Marking (If Any) : Right Under Sluice No. of sample : 01


Environmental Condit ions: Temperature : NA Humidity: NA

Sr . # Parameters Method Uni t L D L Test

Resul ts

L imits as

per NEQS


02 Turbidity APHA-2130 B NTU 0.2 21 -


04 Biochemical Oxygen

Demand ( BOD5 ) ASTM 5210

mg/L 5.0 7 80.00

05 Chemical Oxygen Demand

(COD) APHA-5220 D mg/L 5.0 12 150.00


(TSS) APHA-2540 D mg/L 5.0 28 200.00


(TDS) APHA-2540 C mg/L 5.0 273 3500.00

08 Chloride ( Cl ) APHA-4500Cl- B mg/L 0.5 31.98 1000.00

09 Sulphate ( SO4 ) APHA-4500 SO4 C mg/L 5.0 34.78 600.00

10 Nitrates (NO3) APHA-4500NO3 B mg/L 0.003 1.4 -

11 Fluoride ( F) APHA - F- C mg/L 0.01 0.33 10.00


(SAR) In-House mg/L - 14.77 -


(RSC) In-House mg/L - ND -


15 Grease & Oil USEPA-1664 mg/L 1.0 <1.0 10.00


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 251


T E S T R E P O R T


Resul ts

L imi ts as

per NEQS


17 Copper (Cu) APHA-3500Cu B mg/L 0.01 <0.01 01.00

18 Lead ( Pb ) APHA-3500Pb B mg/L 0.01 0.02 00.50

19 Mercury ( Hg) APHA-3500Hg B mg/L 0.001 <0.001 00.01

20 Selenium ( Se ) APHA-3500Se C mg/L 0.01 <0.01 00.50

21 Nickel ( Ni ) APHA 3500 Ni B mg/L 0.01 <0.01 01.00

22 Silver ( Ag ) APHA-3500Ag B mg/L 0.1 <0.1 01.00

23 Zinc ( Zn ) APHA-3500Zn B mg/L 0.01 0.02 05.00

24 Barium ( Ba) APHA-3500Ba B mg/L 0.5 <0.5 01.50

25 Iron ( Fe ) APHA-3500Fe B mg/L 0.01 0.54 8.00

26 Manganese ( Mn ) APHA-3500Mn B mg/L 0.01 0.02 01.50

27 Chlorine APHA-4500Cl G mg/L 0.1 <0.1 1.00


-: Not Defined

< : Less Than.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 252


T E S T R E P O R T


Env – Lhr – 435 / 2009


Marking (If Any) : Left Under Sluice No. of sample : 01


Environmental Condit ions: Temperature : NA Humidity: NA


Resul ts

L imits as

per NEQS





Demand ( BOD5 ) ASTM 5210 mg/L 5.0 9 80.00


(COD) APHA-5220 D mg/L 5.0 20 150.00


(TSS) APHA-2540 D mg/L 5.0 30 200.00


(TDS) APHA-2540 C mg/L 5.0 280 3500.00












NESPAK-ABB-DMC 253


T E S T R E P O R T


Resul ts

L imits as

per NEQS






21 Nickel ( Ni ) APHA 3500 Ni B mg/L 0.01 0.02 01.00







LDL: Lowest Detection Limit Not Defined ND: Not Detected

< : Less Than.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 254


T E S T R E P O R T

Job N o : C l i en t Name & Accoun t : Desc r i pt i on O f Sample :

Env – Lhr – 435 / 2009 NESPAK ( P v t ) L td . Su r f a ce Water

Mark ing ( I f Any ) : J u s t a f t e r the B S l i n k f a l i n t o Su t l i j R ive r

No . o f sample : 01

Sampl e Cond i t i on Upon Rece i pt : Sa t i s f a c to ry Sample Co l e c t i on Date : 11‐11‐09

En v i r onmen t a l Cond i t i on s : Tempe ra tu re : NA Humid i t y : NA


Resul ts

L imits as

per NEQS





Demand ( BOD5 ) ASTM 5210 mg/L 5.0 10 80.00


(COD) APHA-5220 D mg/L 5.0 21 150.00


(TSS) APHA-2540 D mg/L 5.0 48 200.00


(TDS) APHA-2540 C mg/L 5.0 219 3500.00












NESPAK-ABB-DMC 255


Resul ts

L imits as

per NEQS






21 Nickel ( Ni ) APHA 3500 Ni B mg/L 0.01 0.02 01.00








-: Not Defined

< : Less Than.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC

A n n e x u r e – V I

Standards


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 256

USEPA Na t i ona l Amb ien t A i r Qua l i t y S tandard

Following are the limits specified in NAAQS for primary as well as secondary pollutants.

POLLUTANT STANDARD

VALUE *

STANDARD

TYPE

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

8-hour Average 9 ppm (10 mg/m3) Primary

1-hour Average 35 ppm (40 mg/m3) Primary

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

Annual Arithmetic Mean 0.053 ppm (100 µg/m3) Primary & Secondary

Ozone (O3)

1-hour Average 0.12 ppm (235 µg/m3) Primary & Secondary

8-hour Average

Lead (Pb)

0.08 ppm (157 µg/m3) Primary & Secondary

Quarterly Average 1.5 µg/m3 Primary & Secondary

Particulate (PM 10)

Particles with diameters of 10 micrometers or less

Annual Arithmetic Mean

24-hour Average

50 µg/m3

150 µg/m3

Primary & Secondary

Primary & Secondary

Particulate (PM 2.5) Particles with diameters of 2.5 micrometers or less

Annual Arithmetic Mean 15 µg/m3 Primary & Secondary

24-hour Average 65 µg/m3 Primary & Secondary

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)

Annual Arithmetic Mean 0.030 ppm (80 µg/m3) Primary

24-hour Average 0.14 ppm (365 µg/m3) Primary

3-hour Average 0.50 ppm (1300 µg/m3) Secondary


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 257

Draft National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) for Ambient Air

Concentration in Ambient Air

Pollutants Time-weighted average

Effective from 1st January 2009

Effective from 1st January

2012

Method of measurement

Sulphur Annual Average* 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 Ultraviolet Fluorescence

Dioxide (SO2 ) 24 hours** method 120 µg/m3 120 µg/m3

Oxides of Annual Average* 40 µg/m3 40 µg/m3

Nitrogen as Gas Phase Chemiluminescence(NO) 24 hours**

40 µg/m3 40 µg/m3

Oxides of Annual Average* 40 µg/m3 40 µg/m3

Nitrogen as Gas Phase Chmiluminescence(NO2 ) 24 hours**

80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3

O3 1 hour 180 µg/m3 130 µg/m3 Non Dispersive UV absorption method

Suspended Annual Average* 400 µg/m3 360 µg/m3 High Volume Sampling,

Particulate (Average flow rate not less thanMatter (SPM) 24 hours** 1.1 m3/minute).

550 µg/m3 500 µg/m3

Respirable Annual Average* 200 µg/m3 120 µg/m3

Particulate Ray absorption method Matter PM

1 0 24 hours**

250 µg/m3 150 µg/m3

Respirable Annual Average* 25 µg/m3 15 µg/m3

Particulate Ray absorption method 24 hours** 40 µg/m3 35 µg/m3

Matter. PM 2 . 5

1 hour 25 µg/m3 15 µg/m3

Annual Average* 1.5 µg/m3 1 µg/m3 ASS Method after sampling

Lead (Pb) using EPM 2000 or equivalent 24 hours** Filter paper 2 µg/m3 1.5 µg/m3

Carbon 8 hours ** 5 mg/m3 5 mg/m3 Non Dispersive Infra Red Monoxide (NDIR) method

(CO) 1 hour 10 mg/m3 10 mg/m3

*Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval.

** 24 hourly /8 hourly values should be met 98% of the in a year. 2% of the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 258

D r i n k i n g W a t e r G u i d e l i n e s Maximum permissible limits as defined by Various Countries

S/No Parametric Tests * EEC Canada USEPA WHO 1 Aluminum 0.2 NS 0.05 - 0.20 0.2 2 Ammonium 0.5 NS NS 1.5 3 Antimony 0.01 NS 0.006 0.005 4 Arsenic 0.05 0.025 0.05 0.01 5 Barium NS 1 .0 2.0 0.7 6 Boron NS 5.0 NS 0.3 7 Cadmium 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.003 8 Chloride 25 250 250 250 9 Chromium 0.05 0.05 0.1 0.05

10 Coliforms, total /1 00ml 0 0 0 0 11 Coliforms,E.Coli/1 00ml 0 0 0 0 12 Color 20 Pt-Co 15cu 15cu 15cu 13 Copper NS 1. 0 1. 0 1 - 2 14 Cyanide 0.05 0.2 0.2 0.07 15 Fluoride 0.7 - 1 .5 1 .5 2.0-4.0 1.5 16 Hardness 50 NS NS NS 17 Iron 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 18 Lead 0.05 0.01 0.015 0.01 19 Manganese 0.2 0.05 0.05 0.1- 0.5 20 Mercury 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.001 21 Molybdenum NS NS NS 0.07 22 Nickel 0.05 NS 0.1 0.02 23 Nitrate/Nitrite, total NS NS 10.0 as N NS 24 Nitrates(NO3)- 50 10 as N 10.0 as N 50 25 Nitrites(NO2)- 0.1 3.2 1 .0 as N 3 26 Odor NS NS 3 TON NS 27 pH 6.2 - 8.5 6.5 - 8.5 6.5 - 8.5 6.5 - 8.5 28 Phosphorous 5.0 NS NS NS 29 Phenols 0.0005 0.002 NS NS 30 Potassium 12 NS NS NS 31 Selenium 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.01 32 Silica Dioxide(SiO2) 10 NS NS NS 33 Silver 0.01 0.05 0.1 NS 34 Solids, Total dissolved NS 500 500 1000 35 Sodium 75 -150 NS 20 200 36 Sulfate NS 500 250 250 37 Turbidity(Non-microbial) 4 JTU 1 NTU 0.5 - 5.0 NTU 5 NTU

38 Zinc NS 5.0 5.0 3.0 Abbreviations/Explanations:

NS=No Standards | JTU=Jackson Turbidity Units | NTU=Nephelometric Turbidity Units cu=Color Units | MPN Coliforms, Total or E.Coli/100ml | Pt‐Co = Platinium Cobalt Standards | EEC=European Economic Community for Environmental Legislation USEPA= United States Environmental Protection Agency | TON=Threshold Odor Number

*mg/l (milligrams per litre) except where notified


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 259

Annex I (amended)

NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS FOR MUNICIPAL AND LIQUID INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS (mg/l, UNLESS OTHERWISE DEFINED)

S.No. Parameter

Existing Standards

Revised Standards Into Sea(6) Into Inland

Waters Into Sewage Treatment(5)

1 .Temperature or Temperature Increase*

40oC =<30C =<30C =<30C 2.pH value 6-10 6-9 6-9 6-9 3.Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)5 80 80 250 80**

at 200C(1) 4.Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) (1) 150 150 400 400 5.Total suspended solids (TSS) 150 200 400 200 6.Total dissolved solids (TDS) 3500 3500 3500 3500 7.Grease and oil 10 10 10 10 8.Phenolic compounds (as phenol) 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 9.Chloride (as Cl¢) 1000 1000 1000 SC***

10.Fluoride (as F¢) 20 10 10 10 11 .Cyanide (as CN¢) total 2 1.0 1.0 1.0 12.An-ionic detergents (as MBAs) (2) 20 20 20 20 13.Sulphate (SO¢¢)4 600 600 1000 SC***

14.Sulphide (S¢) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 15.Ammonia (NH3) 40 40 40 40 16.Pesticides (3) 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 17.Cadmium (4) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1 8.Chromium (trivalent and hexavalent) (4) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 19.Copper (4) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 20.Lead (4) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 21.Mercury (4) 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 22.Selenium (4) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 23.Nickel (4) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 24.Silver (4) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 25.Total Toxic metals 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 26.Zinc 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 27.Arsenic (4) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 28.Barium (4) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 29.Iron 2.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 30.Manganese 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 31 .Boron (4) 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 32.Chlorine 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Explanations:

1. Assuming minimum dilution 1:10 on discharge, lower ratio would attract progressively stringent standards to be determined by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency. By 1:10 dilution means, for example that for each one cubic meter of treated effluent, the recipient water body should have 10 cubic meter of water for dilution of this effluent.

2. Modified Benzene Alkyl Sulphate; assuming surfactant as biodegradable. 3. Pesticides include herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides. 4. Subject to total toxic metals discharge should not exceed level given at S.No.25. 5. Applicable only when and where sewage treatment is operational and BOD5=80 mg/l is achieved by the sewage treatment

system. Provided discharge is not at shore and not within 10 miles of mangrove or other important estuaries.


NESPAK-ABB-DMC

APPENDIX-4.2

WATER QUALITY GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 260


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 261


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 262


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 263


NESPAK-ABB-DMC 264

Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program, Tranche 2

Documents

Transcript of Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program, Tranche 2