P U N I S H E D : P O L I C I N G T H E L I V E S O F B L A C K A N D L AT I N O B O Y SV I C T O R M . R I O S

O U T L I N E O F P R E S E N TA T I O N

Introduction to Book About the Author / Preface of Book

Methodology Summary of Chapters

Conclusion Personal Insights on Book

L E S L I E M A R M O N S I L K O , 1 9 9 7

“A word of caution: our stories are not just for entertainment.”

I N T R O D U C T I O N T O T H E B O O K

V I C T O R M . R I O S

P R E FA C E

“You know nothing, and worse than nothing, about the working class. Your sociology is as vicious and

worthless as is your method of thinking.”

E R N E S T E V E R H A R D I N J A C K L O N D O N ’ S T H E I R O N H E E L , 1 9 0 7

M E T H O D S O F R E S E A R C H

Ethnographic research methods within a purposeful sample of forty Black and Latino boys (ages 14-18) in

Oakland. All of the participants had been arrested, were on probation, or were socially linked with other young men who had been arrested. Rios collected data from

2002 to 2005 by conducting extensive participant observations, interviews, focus groups, and fieldwork

across multiple settings, including schools, neighborhoods, community centers, businesses, and

homes.

“Just as children were tracked into futures as doctors, scientists, engineers, word processors, and fast-food workers, there were also tracks for some children, predominantly African American and male, that led to prison.”

C H A P T E R 1 : D R E A M S D E F E R R E D - T H E PA T T E R N S O F P U N I S H M E N T I N O A K L A N D

A N N A R N E T T F E R G U S O N , B A D B O Y S , 2 0 0 0

“It’s like they put a bomb on my back, but I was the one that pulled the trigger.”

C H A P T E R 2 : T H E F L A T L A N D S O F O A K L A N D A N D T H E Y O U T H C O N T R O L C O M P L E X

E I G H T E E N - Y E A R - O L D F L A C O , 2 0 0 3

“Overall, ethnic minority youths, gang or non-gang, resent the “dissing” (disrespect) meted out by patrol officers… Once youths have begun to reject the law and its underlying values , they often develop a resistance orientation and take a defiant and destructive stance.”

C H A P T E R 3 : T H E L A B E L I N G H Y P E - C O M I N G O F A G E I N T H E E R A O F M A S S I N C A R C E R A T I O N

J A M E S D I E G O V I G I L , A R A I N B O W O F G A N G S , 2 0 0 2

“In its function, the power to punish is not essentially different from that of curing or educating.”

C H A P T E R 4 : T H E C O U P L I N G O F C R I M I N A L J U S T I C E A N D C O M M U N I T Y I N S T I T U T I O N S

M I C H E L F O U C A U LT, D I S C I P L I N E A N D P U N I S H , 1 9 7 7

“In attempting to maintain the existing order, the powerful commit crimes of control… At the same times, oppressed people engage in…crimes of resistance.”

C H A P T E R 5 : “ D U M M Y S M A R T ” - M I S R E C O G N I T I O N , A C T I N G O U T, A N D “ G O I N G D U M B ”

M E D A C H E S N E Y- L I N D A N D R A N D A L L G . S H E L D E N , G I R L , D E L I N Q U E N C E Y, A N D J U V E N I L E J U S T I C E , 1 9 9 2

“Willis too easily converts the culture of these young men into a seamless form of resistance, ignoring or textually diminishing internal contradictions such as the male chauvinism and sexism on which the culture of “resistance” is founded.”

C H A P T E R 6 : P R O V I N G M A N H O O D - M A S C U L I N I T Y A S R E H A B I L I TA T I V E T O O L

J O S É L I M Ó N , D A N C I N G W I T H T H E D E V I L , 1 9 9 4

“The problem is that parents, shopping mall security, police officers, grocery store clerks, and even other youth have a hard time distinguishing the delinquents from the wannabes…The many lawful youth take on the stylistic affections of true “wild children” even though they infrequently, if ever, cross the line in their behavior.”

C H A P T E R 7 : G U I LT Y B Y A S S O C I A T I O N - A C T I N G W H I T E O R A C T I N G L A W F U L ?

M A R Y PA T I L L O - M C C O Y, B L A C K P I C K E T F E N C E S , 1 9 9 9

A P P E N D I X + C O N C L U S I O N

“All students cringe under the scrutiny, but those most harshly affected, least successful in the competition, possess some of our greatest unperceived riches.”

M I K E R O S E , L I V E S O N T H E B O U N D A R Y, 1 9 8 9

T H A N K Y O U