Pumping Plant Fuel Comparison By Clare Prestwich Irrigation Engineer Natural Resources Conservation...

Pumping Plant Fuel Pumping Plant Fuel ComparisonComparison

By Clare Prestwich

Irrigation EngineerNatural Resources Conservation Service

Natural Resources Conservation Service

Jan 2002


Pressure ….Pressure ….

• How do I get it?How do I get it?– ElectricElectric

– DieselDiesel

– GravityGravity

• What works Best?What works Best?

• What can I Afford?What can I Afford?

Jan 2002


System ParametersSystem Parameters

• 160 acres160 acres

• Grow - hay,potatoes, grain, and beetsGrow - hay,potatoes, grain, and beets

• System operates 1800 hours per seasonSystem operates 1800 hours per season

• applies maximum of .32”/ DAY - applies maximum of .32”/ DAY - 36”/SEASON36”/SEASON

• Irrigated by a Center PivotIrrigated by a Center Pivot

• 7 year Capital Recovery Period7 year Capital Recovery Period

• 10% Interest rate on operating funds10% Interest rate on operating funds

Jan 2002


Pivot Layout

Operating Pressure 50psisurface water no other pumping lift required

Jan 2002


Horse power - hour per Horse power - hour per Unit of FuelUnit of Fuel

1.2

15

10.59.5

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

BPH

ElectricDieselGasolinePropane

Fuel type

Jan 2002


Electric Pump stationElectric Pump station

Jan 2002


Find Total Pumping HeadFind Total Pumping Head

System Parameters

PipeFricton Factor

10.00 150 251,867.00 5

6.65 140 25.21,280.00 10

950.00 58.1

117.6

System Information Operating Pressure

Supply Pipe Diameter (in) Nozzle pressure (psi)

Supply Pipe Friction Loss (ft)

Total (ft)

Pivot length (ft)System Flowrate (gpm)

Elevation +/- (12)Minnor losses (ft)

Distance from pump to pivot (ft)Pivot pipe Diameter (in)

Presure regulators loss (psi)Pivot Friction Loss (ft)

Total head required 117.6’

Jan 2002


Find Horsepower and Find Horsepower and energy neededenergy needed

Other Efficiency Total BHP per Operation Units of Water Horse needed Pump Motor Other Horse Power Unit of per season Fuel power (hp) Power (hp) (%) (%) (%) Requirement Fuel (hr) Needed

28 85 95 34.9 1.2 1800 52402.4

Need 35 hp pumpand 52402 kw-h of fuel

Jan 2002


Operating CostsOperating Costs• Annual Cost of FuelAnnual Cost of Fuel• Oil- for MotorOil- for Motor

– 4000 whp-hrs/gal4000 whp-hrs/gal

• Repairs and MaintenanceRepairs and Maintenance– $1/bhp-hr/1000 hr$1/bhp-hr/1000 hr

• Annual Cost of LaborAnnual Cost of Labor– 0.02hrs/hr of operation0.02hrs/hr of operation

• Center Pivot OperationCenter Pivot Operation– hp*hrs/1.2 BPHhp*hrs/1.2 BPH

Jan 2002


Annual Operating CostsAnnual Operating Costs

Cost

Escalation SubItem Amount Units Cost/unit % Total

Fuel 52402 kw-h $0.06 0.0 $3,144oil 1 gal $8.00 $8repair 1 job $400.00 $400Labor 50 hrs $8.00 $400Pivot Operation 15750 kw-h $0.06 $945

Total Operating cost $4,897

Yearly operating cost of $4897

Jan 2002


Pump station Investment Pump station Investment CostsCosts

Return Interest Investment AnnualAmount Units Cost/Unit period (yrs) Rate (%) Cost Cost factor cost

1 Job $6,500.00 7 10 $6,500 0.205405 $1,3351 Job $2,000.00 $2,000 $4111 job $2,000.00 $2,000 $4111 Job $400.00 $400 $82

$0 $0$0$0$0$0$0

Cost Sub Total $10,900 Annual $2,239

ItemPump and fittings

Electrical Panel & mis.Power hook up

Electrician Labor

Annual invest cost $2239

Jan 2002


Final ResultsFinal Results

FixedOperating

Total

$/Acre-Inch0.59$ 1.30$

$/Acre18.95$ 41.45$

60.40$ 1.89$ 3.96$ 7,136$

Annual$/Hour1.24$ 2.72$

2,238.92$ 4,897.14$

Jan 2002


Other possible costOther possible cost

• Phase ConverterPhase Converter

• Power LinePower Line

Jan 2002


With Phase ConverterWith Phase Converter

FixedOperating

Total


3,265.95$ 5,246.49$

72.05$ 2.25$ 4.73$ 8,512$

$/Acre-Inch0.86$ 1.39$

$/Acre27.64$ 44.41$

FixedOperating

Total


5,114.60$ 4,897.14$

84.74$ 2.65$ 5.56$ 10,012$

$/Acre-Inch1.35$ 1.30$

$/Acre43.29$ 41.45$

With 1/4 mile power lineWith 1/4 mile power line

Jan 2002


Diesel Pumping StationDiesel Pumping Station

Jan 2002


Find Horsepower and Fuel Find Horsepower and Fuel needsneeds

Other Efficiency Total BHP per Operation Units of Water Horse needed Pump Motor Other Horse Power Unit of per season Fuel power (hp) Power (hp) (%) (%) (%) Requirement Fuel (hr) Needed

28 15 85 70 72.6 15 1800 8715

With extra horsepower to run Pivot75 hp pump8715 gals of fuel

Jan 2002


Investment costsInvestment costs

CapitalReturn Interest Investment Cost Annual

Amount Units Cost/Unit period (yrs) Rate (%) Cost factor cost1 ea $18,000.00 7 10 $18,000 0.2054 $3,6971 ea $700.00 $700 $1441 ea $500.00 $500 $103

$0 $0$0 $0

$0$0$0$0$0

Cost Sub Total $19,200 Annual $3,944

ItemPumping Plant and Generator

TankPad

Annual cost $3944

Jan 2002


Operating CostOperating Cost

• Annual Cost of FuelAnnual Cost of Fuel• Oil engineOil engine

– 900 whp-hrs/gal900 whp-hrs/gal• Oil Gear DriveOil Gear Drive

– 4000 whp-hrs/gal4000 whp-hrs/gal• Repairs and MaintenanceRepairs and Maintenance

– $3.75/ bhp-hr/1000/hr$3.75/ bhp-hr/1000/hr• Annual Cost of LaborAnnual Cost of Labor

– 0.02hrs/hr of operation0.02hrs/hr of operation

Jan 2002


Operating CostsOperating Costs

Cost

Escalation SubItem Amount Units Cost/unit % Total

Fuel 8715 gal $0.73 $6,362oil 86 gal $8.00 $688oil -gears 19 gal $8.00 $152repairs 135 hrs $3.75 $506labor 36 hrs $25.00 $900

Total Operating cost $8,608

Yearly Operating cost $8608

Jan 2002


Final ResultsFinal Results

FixedOperating

Total

$/Acre-Inch1.04$ 2.28$

$/Acre33.38$ 72.86$

106.24$ 3.32$ 6.97$ 12,552$


3,943.79$ 8,607.92$

Jan 2002


All Things being equalAll Things being equalwhere is is the break even pointwhere is is the break even point

00.020.040.060.080.1

0.12

Electric Costs ($)

Die

sel

Cost

s

Diesel vs. Electric Equivalent costs

$0.90 $1.00 $1.25 $1.50

Jan 2002


Operating Costs

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

1 3 5 7 9

Percent of Engery Escalation (%)

Do

llars

($)

6" Pipe

8" Pipe

10" Pipe

12" Pipe

15" Pipe

Effects of Energy EscalationEffects of Energy Escalation

Jan 2002


Pipe SizingPipe Sizing

• Is it cheaper to buy larger pipe and Is it cheaper to buy larger pipe and less pumping head or smaller pipe less pumping head or smaller pipe and more pumping head?and more pumping head?

Jan 2002


Economic Pipe Size Economic Pipe Size based on 950 gpmbased on 950 gpm

electric @$0.06/Kw-hr, diesel @ $.73/galelectric @$0.06/Kw-hr, diesel @ $.73/gal

8 8

10

0

2

4

6

8

10

inches

Electric Diesel 5fps

Jan 2002


Economic Flow rateEconomic Flow ratebased on Energy Price Escalationbased on Energy Price Escalation

10” pipe Diesel @$1.3010” pipe Diesel @$1.30

843831

808

785

750760770780790800810820830840850

0% 1% 3% 5%

Diesel

Jan 2002


How about Gravity How about Gravity Pressure?Pressure?

Jan 2002


How far Can I afford to How far Can I afford to go?go?

Based on

•Annual cost of $7136

•7 year pay off

Jan 2002


Instead of installing a electric pump Instead of installing a electric pump station You can install how many feet of station You can install how many feet of pipe… ?pipe… ?

Equivalent Gravity Pipe LengthTotal

Operating ElevationPipe Material Installation Length Friction Loss Pressure RequiredRequired Average

Diameter ID (in) $/ft $/diameter-inchCost factor ft ft ft ft slope

10.00 $3.50 $0.25 0.21 5204 22.50 117.59 140.09 2.69%

5204’ of pipeBut 140’ of fall is needed

Jan 2002

Natural Resources Conservation Service2000.00

3000.00

4000.00

5000.00

6000.00

7000.00

8000.00

9000.00

10000.00

5 7 10 15 20

Pay back Period (yrs)

Le

ng

th o

f P

ipe

(ft

)

10" pipe

6" pipe

8" pipe

12" pipe

15" pipe

Pipe Length vs. Capital Recovery Pipe Length vs. Capital Recovery PeriodPeriod

Jan 2002


Head vs. Pipe Length Head vs. Pipe Length Gravity presure vs. Pumping

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

350.0

400.0

450.0

500.0

550.0

600.0

2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

Pipe Length (ft)

Ele

vati

on

He

ad

Ne

ed

ed

(ft

)

6" pipe

8" pipe

10" pipe

12" pipe

15" pipe

Jan 2002


Questions?Questions?

Jan 2002


Thank You!Thank You!And And

Happy FarmingHappy Farming

Pumping Plant Fuel Comparison By Clare Prestwich Irrigation Engineer Natural Resources Conservation...

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