Pump Types Guide - Find the Right Pump for the Job

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3/3/2015 Pump Types Guide Find the right pump for the job http://www.pumpscout.com/articlesscoutguide/pumptypesguideaid100.html 1/6 Pump Types Guide Find the right pump for the job Contributed by: PumpScout Staff There are lots of pump types available, but which one is right for you? Understanding which pump type is right for your application is critical to reduce costs and increase the life of your pump and system. We've worked with leading pump experts to put together this comprehensive guide to the most popular pump types. The individual pump types are listed in the left column and are grouped by either centrifugal pumps or positive displacement pumps. This content is a copywrite of PumpScout.com and can not be copied or reproduced. If you would like to share this valuable information with others, please consider linking to this page. Pump Type Basic Description Key Features Applications Used Recommended Media (Fluid) Advantages Flow Rate Ranges Total Head (Pressure) Ranges Horse Power Ranges Centrifugal Pumps General name for pumps with one or more impellers. Many types and configurations for different applications. See below for specific centrifugal pump types. One or more impellers. Casing is volute or diffuser type. Normally electric motor driven, but other drive types available. All sorts of liquids can be pumps with centrifugal pumps. Highest flow rates of all pump types. Handles clean or dirty liquids, and liquids with low viscosity. Liquid should not contain air or vapors. Water and relatively thin liquids (won't pump thicker oils). Can pump liquids with or without solids if proper impeller type is chosen. Available in alloys for corrosive services. Best pump choice for lower viscosity (thin) liquids and high flow rates. No pulsations that may be found in some positive displacement pumps. 5 200,000 gpm 19 757,080 lpm 10 7,500 ft 3 2,286 m 0.125 5,000 hp ANSI Process Pumps ANSI Process pumps are the only dimensionally standard pump type in the U.S. pump industry (e.g., comparable sizes of all manufacturers have identical envelope and interface dimensions.) ANSI process pumps are, by definition, a horizontal, end suction, single stage pump. The pump meets ANSI B73.1 (ASME B73.1). Considered an end suction pump, frame mounted. Normally supplied with open impellers. Dimensionally standard sizes supplied by all manufacturers. Available in a wide variety of alloys and nonmetals for many corrosive services. Transfer and process applications in chemical plants, pulp and paper mills, refineries, food processing plants, and general services in manufacturing plants of all types. Water and relatively thin liquids (won't pump thicker oils). Can pump liquids with or without solids if proper impeller type is chosen. Available in alloys for corrosive services. Dimensional standardization allows the complete piping, foundation, and building design to be completed before the pump supplier is chosen. Also, this permits the pump brand to be switched in the field without having to repipe or modify the motor, coupling, or bedplate. This pump type has more material options than other types. 10 5,000 gpm 38 18,927 lpm 50 750 ft 22 325 psi 1 250 hp API Process Pumps The API pump type applies to pumps built to the API 610 standard for pumps for refineries, pipelines, and other hydrocarbon processing applications. It includes end suction, horizontal split case, vertical turbine, and other types. Meets API 610 standard for hydrocarbon services. Includes closed impellers, with locked wearing rings. Normally centerline mounted to minimize thermal movement. Hydrocarbon transfer and processing services in refineries, pipelines, and hydrocarbon processing plants. Crude oil and all types of hydrocarbons. Meets API 610 requirements, assuring safety and reliability for high pressure, high temperature hydrocarbon services. 10 10,000 gpm 38 37,854 lpm 50 7,500 ft 22 3251 psi 1 5,000 hp Axial Flow Pumps Axial Flow pumps are a very high flow, low head type of pump. Also called a propeller pump. Single stage, high specific speed impeller for high flow low head. Flood dewatering, power plant circulating water pump, evaporator services, and irrigation. Water and relatively thin liquids. Can pump liquids with or without solids if proper impeller type is chosen. This pump type is the best type to achieve very high flow rate with very low head, a hydraulic requirement needed for certain applications such as flood dewatering. 5,000 200,000 gpm 18,927 757,08 lpm 10 30 ft 4 13 psi 10 1,500 hp Booster Pumps Booster pumps are used to further boost the pressure in a system. It may be an end suction, inline circulator, horizontal split case, or vertical turbine in a can type of pump. Booster pumps are almost always a multi stage pump (has more than one impeller). All other features are quite specific to the application. Potable water distribution, irrigation booster, cooling water booster, process booster service Water and relatively thin liquids (won't pump thicker oils). Normally not used for liquids containing solids. Available in alloys for corrosive services. Allows the building up of additional pressure that is required to move liquid a long distance or to use the high pressure for spraying or other services. 5 10,000 gpm 19 37,854 lpm 200 7,500 ft 87 3,251 psi 1 5,000 hp Canned Motor Canned Motor pumps are sealless centrifugal pumps. The impeller is directly attached to the Pump and motor are close coupled, so no mechanical seal. Pump rotor includes a circulating path of pumped liquid to Pumping chemicals, hydrocarbons, or other liquids that are difficult to seal, or where the consequences of leakage are serious. Pumping All types of thin (non Eliminates the mechanical seal, one of the largest components of 5 1,500 gpm 25 400 ft 0.5 300

description

A guide to select suitable pump

Transcript of Pump Types Guide - Find the Right Pump for the Job

Page 1: Pump Types Guide - Find the Right Pump for the Job

3/3/2015 Pump Types Guide ­ Find the right pump for the job

http://www.pumpscout.com/articles­scout­guide/pump­types­guide­aid100.html 1/6

Pump Types Guide ­ Find the right pump for the jobContributed by: PumpScout Staff

There are lots of pump types available, but which one is right for you? Understanding which pump type is right for your application is critical to reduce costsand increase the life of your pump and system. We've worked with leading pump experts to put together this comprehensive guide to the most popular pumptypes. The individual pump types are listed in the left column and are grouped by either centrifugal pumps or positive displacement pumps.This content is a copywrite of PumpScout.com and can not be copied or reproduced. If you would like to share this valuable information with others, pleaseconsider linking to this page.

 

Pump Type Basic Description Key Features ApplicationsUsed

RecommendedMedia (Fluid) Advantages

FlowRate

Ranges

Total Head(Pressure)Ranges

HorsePowerRanges

CentrifugalPumps

General name forpumps with one ormore impellers. Manytypes andconfigurations fordifferent applications.See below for specificcentrifugal pumptypes.

One or moreimpellers. Casing isvolute or diffusertype. Normallyelectric motor driven,but other drive typesavailable.

All sorts of liquidscan be pumps withcentrifugal pumps.Highest flow ratesof all pump types.Handles clean ordirty liquids, andliquids with lowviscosity. Liquidshould not containair or vapors.

Water and relativelythin liquids (won'tpump thicker oils).Can pump liquidswith or without solidsif proper impellertype is chosen.Available in alloys forcorrosive services.

Best pump choicefor lower viscosity(thin) liquids andhigh flow rates. Nopulsations thatmay be found insome positivedisplacementpumps.

5 ­ 200,000gpm­­­­­­­­19 ­

757,080 lpm 

10 ­ 7,500 ft­­­­­­­­

3 ­ 2,286 m

0.125 ­5,000 hp

ANSI ProcessPumps

ANSI Process pumpsare the onlydimensionally standardpump type in the U.S.pump industry (e.g.,comparable sizes of allmanufacturers haveidentical envelope andinterface dimensions.)ANSI process pumpsare, by definition, ahorizontal, end suction,single stagepump. The pumpmeets ANSI B73.1(ASME B73.1).

Considered an endsuction pump, framemounted. Normallysupplied with openimpellers.Dimensionallystandard sizessupplied by allmanufacturers.Available in a widevariety of alloys andnon­metals for manycorrosive services.

Transfer andprocess applicationsin chemical plants,pulp and papermills, refineries, foodprocessing plants,and generalservices inmanufacturingplants of all types.

Water and relativelythin liquids (won'tpump thicker oils).Can pump liquidswith or without solidsif proper impellertype is chosen.Available in alloys forcorrosive services.

Dimensionalstandardizationallows the completepiping, foundation,and building designto be completedbefore the pumpsupplier is chosen.Also, this permitsthe pump brand tobe switched in thefield without havingto re­pipe or modifythe motor,coupling, orbedplate. Thispump type hasmore materialoptions than othertypes.

10 ­ 5,000gpm­­­­­­­­38 ­

18,927 lpm

50 ­ 750 ft­­­­­­­­

22 ­ 325 psi1 ­ 250 hp

API ProcessPumps

The API pump typeapplies to pumps builtto the API 610standard for pumpsfor refineries,pipelines, and otherhydrocarbonprocessingapplications. Itincludes end suction, horizontal split case,vertical turbine, andother types.

Meets API 610standard forhydrocarbonservices. Includesclosed impellers, withlocked wearing rings.Normally centerlinemounted to minimizethermal movement.

Hydrocarbontransfer andprocessingservices inrefineries, pipelines,and hydrocarbonprocessing plants.

Crude oil and alltypes ofhydrocarbons.

Meets API 610requirements,assuring safetyand reliability forhigh pressure, hightemperaturehydrocarbonservices.

10 ­ 10,000gpm­­­­­­­­

38 ­ 37,854lpm

50 ­ 7,500 ft­­­­­­­­

22 ­ 3251 psi

1 ­ 5,000hp

Axial Flow Pumps

Axial Flow pumps area very high flow, lowhead type of pump.Also called a propellerpump.

Single stage, highspecific speed impellerfor high flow low head.

Flood dewatering,power plantcirculating waterpump, evaporatorservices, andirrigation.

Water and relativelythin liquids. Canpump liquids with orwithout solids ifproper impeller typeis chosen.

This pump type isthe best type toachieve very highflow rate with verylow head, ahydraulicrequirementneeded for certainapplications suchas flooddewatering.

5,000 ­200,000gpm­­­­­­­­18,927 ­

757,08 lpm

10 ­ 30 ft­­­­­­­­4 ­ 13 psi

10 ­ 1,500hp

Booster Pumps

Booster pumps areused to further boostthe pressure in asystem. It may be anend suction, in­linecirculator, horizontalsplit case, or verticalturbine in a can type ofpump.

Booster pumps arealmost always a multi­stage pump (hasmore than oneimpeller). All otherfeatures are quitespecific to theapplication.

Potable waterdistribution,irrigation booster,cooling waterbooster, processbooster service

Water and relativelythin liquids (won'tpump thicker oils).Normally not usedfor liquids containingsolids. Available inalloys for corrosiveservices.

Allows the buildingup of additionalpressure that isrequired to moveliquid a longdistance or to usethe high pressurefor spraying orother services.

5 ­ 10,000gpm­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 37,854lpm

200 ­ 7,500 ft­­­­­­­­

87 ­ 3,251 psi

1 ­ 5,000hp

Canned Motor

Canned Motor pumpsare sealless centrifugalpumps. The impeller isdirectly attached to the

Pump and motor areclose coupled, so nomechanical seal.Pump rotor includes acirculating path ofpumped liquid to

Pumping chemicals,hydrocarbons, orother liquids that aredifficult to seal, orwhere theconsequences ofleakage areserious.  Pumping All types of thin (non­

Eliminates themechanical seal,one of the largestcomponents of

5 ­ 1,500gpm 25 ­ 400 ft

0.5 ­ 300

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Pumps motor rotor, with a canseparating the wettedrotor from the motorstator.

lubricate sleevebearings and thrustsurfaces. These wearareas are made ofceramic, siliconcarbide, or tungstencarbide.

heat transfer fluidswhich are hightemperature orwhich are prone tocostly evaporativelosses withtraditionalmechanical seals.

viscous liquids).   pump maintenancecost. Plus, thepump is assured tobe leak­free.

­­­­­­­­19 ­ 5,678

lpm

­­­­­­­­11 ­ 173 psi

hp

Chopper Pumps

Chopper Pumps are atype of centrifugalpump that is designedto chop up solids andstringy material as itpumps. It is availablein a vertical columnand end suctionconfiguration.

Pump impellercontains heavy dutygrinding teeth, andmany havereplaceable wearplates in the casing,to allow chopping ofsolids as the pumpoperates.

Chopper pumps areused in applicationsthat plugconventional solidshandlingwastewater pumpsin industrial,chemical, and foolprocessingfacilities.

Liquids containingsolids and stringymaterial that wouldotherwise be difficultto pump.

Able to pumpliquids containinglong stringymaterials or othersolids that wouldplug up in otherpump types.

50 ­ 10,000gpm­­­­­­­­189 ­

37,854 lpm

15 ­ 200 ft­­­­­­­­

7 ­ 87 psi1 ­ 500 hp

Circulator PumpsCirculator pumps isgenerally a pump within­line suction anddischarge flanges.

In­line suction anddischarge pipingconnections. Pumpmay be equipped witha traditional motor andcoupling, or may havea wetted rotor motorthat eliminates theseal.

Circulator pumpsare used in HVACsystems in buildings(chilled watercirculation, hotwater circulation,potable watercirculation). Alsocirculation of coolingwater in plants.

Water and relativelythin liquids. 

In­line design saveson floor space.

5 ­ 750 gpm­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 2,839lpm

20 ­ 180 ft­­­­­­­­9 ­ 78 psi

1 ­ 50 hp

Cryogenic PumpsCryogenic pumps areused to handle verylow temperatureliquids.

Special materials,seals, and clearancesto tolerate very lowtemperatures.

Low temperatureapplications inprocess industries,LNG supply, andsemiconductormanufacturing.

Ideal for very lowtemperature liquids.

Able to tolerate thelow temperaturesfound in certainapplications.

5 ­ 1,000gpm­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 3,785lpm

25 ­ 1,000 ft­­­­­­­­

11 ­ 434 psi

0.5 ­ 500hp

Drum Pumps

Drum pumps are usedto pump smallquantities of liquid outof drums and carboys.Pump is very slim to fitin drum opening.Normally supplied ascentrifugal pump, butpositive displacementpump types areavailable for thickerliquids and pastes.

Small diameter tubesurrounding the shaftfits into the opening ofa 55 gallon drum.Normally has a hand­trigger controlledmotor.

Pumping smallquantities of liquidsout of 55 gallondrums and largercarboys.

Wide variety of thinand thick liquids,including corrosiveliquids.

Very practical wayto pump smallamounts of variousfluids that arestored in drums orcarboys.

0.5 ­ 70gpm­­­­­­­­

2 ­ 265 lpm

20 ­ 75 ft­­­­­­­­9 ­ 33 psi

0.25 ­ 1 hp

End SuctionPumps

End suction pumpsare the common typeof centrifugal pump.Has horizontal shaftwith overhungimpeller. Flow goes inthe end of the casing,and out the top.

Horizontal shaft,single impeller (seemulti­stage categoryfor pumps with moreimpellers). Variousimpeller types forclean and dirtyservices, manymaterial options 

Any transfer orcirculation of liquid.Handles clean ordirty liquids, andliquids with lowviscosity. Liquidshould not containair or vapors.

Water and relativelythin liquids (won'tpump thicker oils).Can pump liquidswith or without solidsif proper impellertype is chosen.Available in alloys forcorrosive services.

Lowest first costoption for mostapplications.Stocked by mostdistributors incommon sizes.  

5 ­ 7,000gpm­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 26,498lpm

10 ­ 750 ft­­­­­­­­

4 ­ 325 psi

0.125 ­250 hp

Fire Pumps

Centrifugal pump usedfor fire fighting inbuildings, plants, andother locations. Maymeet UL/NFPAstandards for firepumps. Normally this isa horizontal split caseor vertical turbinepump for UL/FMservices. Non listedpumps may be endsuction type.

Listed pumps meetthe requirements ofUL/FM for firefightingservices.

Fire fighting servicesof all types, bothUL/FM listed andunlisted.

Water

Meetsrequirements ofUL/FM for firefighting pumps.Suppliers ofteninclude completesystem, includingengine andcontrols.

20 ­ 5,000gpm­­­­­­­­

76 ­ 18,927lpm

100 ­ 1,200 ft­­­­­­­­

43 ­ 520 psi

10 ­ 800hp

Grinder Pumps

Grinder pumps are atype of submersiblesewage pump that hascutting teethincorporated onto theimpeller, to grind thesewage for pressuresewer applications.Also available inprogressing cavitypump positivedisplacement type.

Grinding teeth on theinlet of the impeller,submersible motor.

Residentialpressure sewersystems.

Sewage and otherwastewater.

This type ofsewage pumpallows smallerdiameter sewagelines than typicalgravity drainsewers. Also, thesewer lines canfollow the contourof the land sincethey don’t have tocontinuously drainto the collectionpoint.

5 ­ 50 gpm­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 189 lpm

50 ­ 150 ft­­­­­­­­

22 ­ 65 psi0.5 ­ 5 hp

Horizontal SplitCase Pumps

Horizontal Split Casepumps are a types ofcentrifugal pump typehas a single doublesuction impellersupported betweenbearings. Casing issplit horizontally formaintenance. Suctionand discharge flangesare opposed to eachother.  

Double suctionimpeller gives betterNPSH and lower axialthrust. Casing isnormally doublevolute, to reduceradial bearing loads. Pump has two seals,both sealing suctionpressure.

Usually higher flowrate applicationsthan end suctionpumps. Used forcooling water, plantmake­up water,potable waterdistribution, firepumps, pipelines,and other mainprocess flows.

Water and relativelythin liquids (won'tpump thicker oils).Normally not used forliquids containingsolids. Available inalloys for corrosiveservices.

This pump typepermits muchhigher flow ratesthan end suctionpumps. The doublesuction impeller hasno axial thrustloads, and is lesslikely to cavitate.

100 ­100,000gpm­­­­­­­­379 ­

378,540 lpm

50 ­ 1,500 ft­­­­­­­­

22 ­ 650 psi

3 ­ 5,000hp

Jet pumps are a typeof home water well

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Jet Pumps

pump that is used forlower flow rates thanvertical turbine types.It is a horizontal endsuction pump, putmakes use of anejector to assist theflow.

Horizontal endsuction pump withejector eithermounted on the pump(for shallow wellservices), or locateddown in the well.

Domestic waterwells Water

Lower costdomestic wellpump thansubmersible.

1 ­ 70 gpm­­­­­­­­

4 ­ 265 lpm

20 ­ 200 ft­­­­­­­­

9 ­ 87 psi0.5 ­ 5 hp

Magnetic DrivePumps

Magnetic drive pumpsare a type of seallesscentrifugal pump. Ittransmits the torquefrom the motor to theimpeller by means of arotating outer magnetwhich transmits themagnetic flux througha can to an innermagnet that isattached to theimpeller. The inside ofthe can is thus isolated,with no shaftpenetration, and theseal is eliminated.

Magnets are typicallymade of ceramic,samarium cobalt, orneodymium. Bushingsand thrust surfacesinside the can aremade of siliconcarbide or tungstencarbide, or ceramic, tohandle the potentiallyabrasive liquid thatcirculates inside thecan. Most must beprotected against lossof flow, which couldseriously damage thepump due totemperature build­updue to the magneticflux.

Pumping chemicals,hydrocarbons, orother liquids that aredifficult to seal, orwhere theconsequences ofleakage are serious.Pumping heattransfer fluids whichare hightemperature orwhich are prone tocostly evaporativelosses withtraditionalmechanical seals.

All types of thin (non­viscous liquids).  

Eliminates themechanical seal,one of the largestcomponents ofpump maintenancecost. Plus, thepump is assured tobe leak­free.

5 ­ 4,000gpm­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 15,142lpm

25 ­ 1,000 ft­­­­­­­­

11 ­ 434 psi

0.5 ­ 300hp

Multistage Pumps

Multistage pumps usemultiple impellers witheither diffusers orvolutes generate morehead than single stage(single impeller)pumps. Available inhorizontal and verticalorientations.

Casing may be splitradially or axially.Axial thrust may ormay not be balancedout, depending ondesign. Impellers areenclosed design withdiffuser or volutecasing.

Higher pressureservices such asboiler feed water,condensate,pipelines, reverseosmosis, anddecaling.

Water and relativelythin liquids (won'tpump thicker oils).Normally not usedfor liquids containingsolids. Available inalloys for corrosiveservices.

Best ways to gethigh pressure witha centrifugal pump.Thrust loads maybe lower thansingle stagedesigns.

5 ­ 10,000gpm­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 37,854lpm

200 ­ 7,500 ft­­­­­­­­

87 ­ 3,251 psi

1 ­ 5,000hp

RegenerativeTurbine Pumps

Regererative turbinepumps are notconsidered a truecentrifugal, but workson the same kineticprincipal as acentrifugalpump.Instead of animpeller with vanes,the turbine impellerhas blades similar toturbines, whichgenerate the head.Normally it is endsuction, single stage,though multi­stageversions are available.

Normally single stage,though multi­sage isavailable. Pump hasvery tight internalclearances, so liquidpumped must be quiteclean.  Pump has verysteep head­capacitycurve, so pump mustbe protected againstpossibly operatingagainst closed valve.

Small boiler feedpumps for drycleaners, bakeries,and similar smallcommercial boilers.Also used in OEMapplications such aschiller and lasercooling.

Thin, clear liquids.

Very compactpump for low flow,high headapplications. Thismay result in spacesavings andreduced cost forsmall boiler feedpumps. This pumptype handles vaporand air mixed inwith the liquidbetter thantraditionalcentrifugal pumps.

1 ­ 200 gpm­­­­­­­­

4 ­ 757 lpm

50 ­ 1,200 ft­­­­­­­­

22 ­ 520 psi0.5 ­ 75 hp

Slurry Pumps

Slurry pump is ageneral term for apump that handles anabrasive slurry. Theymay be considered anend suction pump,vertical column pump,or submersible pump.

Pumps areconstructed either ofhigh nickel cast iron(white iron) towithstand theabrasive wear ofslurries, or the pumpis lined with rubber formore round­edgedslurries. Pumps oftenhave replaceablewear plates on one orboth sides of theimpeller.

Mining, mineralsprocessing,transportation ofslurries forprocessing, anddredging. Alsopumps used inslurry applicationsin coal fired powerplants, steel mills,cement mills, etc.

Very abrasive liquidsof all types.

Ordinary pumpswouldn't withstandthe abrasive wearthat slurries causeon pump parts.Slurry pumps aredesigned to handleabrasive slurriesand give pumpsthe longest lifepossible.

10 ­ 30,000gpm­­­­­­­­38 ­

113,560 lpm

30 ­ 250 ft­­­­­­­­

13 ­ 108 psi

1 ­ 2000hp

Self­PrimingPumps

Self­Priming pumpsare a type ofcentrifugal that can belocated above thesuction reservoirwithout an externalpriming system. Endsuction configuration,but enlarged case tosupport priming.

No need for externalpriming or foot valves.

Sump pumps anddewateringapplications.Transfer serviceswhere pump mustbe located abovethe suction vessel.

Water and relativelythin liquids (won'tpump thicker oils).Can pump liquidswith or without solidsif proper impellertype is chosen.Available in alloys forcorrosive services.

No need forexternal priming

5 ­ 7,000gpm­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 26,498lpm

10 ­ 350 ft­­­­­­­­

4 ­ 152 psi1 ­ 150 hp

SubmersiblePumps

Submersible pumpsinvolve a submersiblemotor with a closecoupled to singlestage pump thatallows the entireassembly to operatedsubmerged.

Submerged motor,either air­filled or oil­filled. Differentimpellers aredesigned toaccommodate solidsof various sizes.

Sump pumpservices, effluentand sewageservices ranging insize from productsfor homes to mainsewage treatmentplants.

Water and relativelythin liquids (won'tpump thicker oils).Can pump liquidswith or without solidsif proper impellertype is chosen.

Eliminates columnshaft and bearingsfound in columnsump pump. Morecompact, reducedsump installationcost. May belocated in areasprone to flooding.

5 ­ 7,500gpm­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 28,391lpm

10 ­ 200 ft........

4 ­ 87 psi

0.25 ­ 250hp

Trash Pumps

Trash pumps are atype of self­primingcentrifugal orsubmersible centrifugalpump designed tohandle rocks and othersolids whiledewatering.

Open or non­clogenclosed impellers,designed to passrocks and otherdebris. Pumps may beself­priming. Sealsusually have hardenedfaces.

Dewateringconstruction sites,mines, and utilitypits.

Dirty watercontaining mud,rocks, stone, andother debris.

Designed to pumpthe solids andabrasives found inmany dewateringapplications.

5 ­ 1,000gpm........

19 ­ 3,785lpm

25 ­ 150 ft­­­­­­­­

11 ­ 65 psi

0.25 ­ 50hp

Vertical sump pumps Various impeller types Water and relatively

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Vertical SumpPumps

involve a vertical shaftsupported in a centercolumn. Singleimpeller, open orenclosed, pumpsthrough a volutecasing and then out adischarge columnpipe.

for clean and dirtyservices. Sleevebearings in thecolumn pipe need tobe lubricated by thesump water, orexternally with wateror grease. 

Sump pumpservices.

thin liquids (won'tpump thicker oils).Can pump liquidswith or without solidsif proper impellertype is chosen.Available in alloys forcorrosive services.

Relatively low costsump pump.  Mostdesigns need noshaft seal, sinceshaft column notpressurized.

5 ­ 7,500gpm ­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 28,391lpm

15 ­ 150 ft­­­­­­­­

7 ­ 65 psi

0.5 ­ 250hp

Vertical TurbinePumps

Vertical turbine pumpsare a vertical shaftpump that is designedto fit in a bore­holewell. Can also pumpout of open reservoir,river, intake structure,or tank, or can bemounted in barrel forbooster pumpapplications. Pump canhave one or moreimpellers and diffuserbowls, depending ontotal headrequirement.

Available with openand enclosedimpellers. Sleevebearings in pumpdiffuser bowls arelubricated by liquidpumped. Vertical highthrust motor mountedon top for productlubricated lineshaftbearings, orsubmersible motormounted below pumpto eliminate lineshaftand lineshaft bearings.

Irrigation, potablewater supply, plantmake­up water,cooling water, firepumps, potablewater distribution,booster pumps,process pumps.

Water and relativelythin liquids (won'tpump thicker oils).Can pump liquidswith or without solidsif proper impellertype is chosen.Available in alloys forcorrosive services.

Only practical wayto pump from adeep well. Wideflow and headranges. Low floorspace usage. Immersed pumpeliminates priming.Canned pumpversion excellentfor low NPSHservices 

50 ­150,000gpm­­­­­­­­189 ­

567,810 lpm

15 ­ 2,000 ft­­­­­­­­

7 ­ 867 psi

1 ­ 5,000hp

Well Pumps

A type of verticalturbine pump designedespecially for use in adrilled bore­hole well. Also, for lower flowrates refer to jet pumptype above.

Available with openand enclosedimpellers.  Sleevebearings in pumpdiffuser bowls arelubricated by liquidpumped.  Vertical highthrust motor mountedon top for productlubricated lineshaftbearings, orsubmersible motormounted below pumpto eliminate lineshaftand lineshaftbearings.

Irrigation, potablewater supply, plantmake­up water,cooling water, firepumps, potablewater distribution

Water and relativelythin liquids. Canpump liquids with orwithout solids ifproper impeller typeis chosen.

Only practical wayto pump from adeep well. Wideflow and headranges. Low floorspace usage. Immersed pumpeliminates priming.

50 ­ 20,000gpm­­­­­­­­189 ­

75,708 lpm

20 ­ 1,000 ft­­­­­­­­

9 ­ 434 psi

1 ­ 3,000hp

PositiveDisplacement

Pumps

A positive displacement(PD) pump is ageneral name for apump type that doesnot have impellers, butrather relies onrotating orreciprocating parts todirectly push the liquidin an enclosed volume,until enough pressureis built up to move theliquid into thedischarge system. Thisincludes many specifictypes for specificapplications, asdescribed below.

Pump works onpositive displacementprincipal, either rotaryor reciprocating type.See below forfeatures of specifictypes.

All types of servicesin many industrieswhere positivedisplacement pumpsare favored overcentrifugal pumpsdue to high viscosity,presence of fragileor shear sensitivesolids, or need forlow flow and highpressure.

High viscosity fluids,some thinner fluids,fluids containingsolids, especiallyfragile solids, andshear sensitiveliquids.

Best choice forhigher viscosityservices, and tomove liquids gently.May also beneeded for lowflow, high pressurecombination, orother applicationniches. Some typesare inherently self­priming, andseveral types aresealless.

0.1 ­ 15,000gpm­­­­­­­­

 .38 ­ 56,781

lpm

10 ­ 100,000psi

­­­­­­­­.7 ­ 6,895 bar

0.5 ­ 5,000hp

AODD Pumps

AODD pumps are anytype of reciprocatingdiaphragm pumpcontaining twodiaphragms anddriven by air instead ofby electric motor.

Air section withshuttle valve appliesair alternately to thetwo diaphragms.Each diaphragm hasa set of check valves.

Many applicationsin general plantservice whereelectricity isn'tavailable, or wherethe liquid beingpumped has highsolids content orhigh viscosity.

Wide range ofliquids, includingliquids containingsolids, and corrosiveliquids.

Can be usedwhere noelectricity isavailable, ifcompressed air isavailable. Availablein a variety ofmetal and non­metallic materialsdepending on thefluid pumped. Ableto pump liquidscontaining largesolids. Pump issealless and canrun dry.

0.25 ­ 300gpm­­­­­­­­1 ­ 1,136

lpm

10 ­ 125 psi­­­­­­­­.7 ­ 9 bar

0.25 ­ 30hp

Concrete Pump

Concrete pumps are atype of reciprocatingpositive displacementpump that is speciallydesigned to pumpconcrete and othermixed aggregatesolutions.

High pressuredischarge for pumpingconcrete longdistances or up highelevations. Materialsof construction thatcan handle theabrasive aggregate.

Concrete pouring,constructionprojects.

Concrete and otheraggregate solutions.

Best way to moveconcrete longdistances and upheights duringpour.

10 ­ 1,000gpm­­­­­­­­

38 ­ 3,785lpm

25 ­ 1,000 psi­­­­­­­­

2 ­ 69 bar

10 ­ 500hp

Diaphragm Pumps

Diaphragm pumps area type of reciprocatingpositive displacementpump in which liquid ispumped by areciprocatingdiaphragm, which isdriven by a solenoid, amechanical drive, or afluid drive. Otherversions are airoperated (see AODDtype below). Pumphas inlet and outletcheck valves.

Pump containsreciprocatingdiaphragm and inletand outlet checkvalves.

Many applicationsin general plantservice where theliquid being pumpedhas high solidscontent or highviscosity.

Wide range ofliquids, includingliquids containingsolids, and corrosiveliquids.

Handles a widerange of liquids,including liquidscontaining solids.Pump is sealless,and can run drywithout damagingthe pump.

1 ­ 1,800gpm­­­­­­­­4 ­ 6,814

lpm

25 ­ 15,000psi

­­­­­­­­2 ­ 1,034 bar

0.5 ­ 2,000hp

Flexible impellerpumps are a type ofrotary positive Used as bilge and

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Flexible ImpellerPumps

displacement pumpthat has a rotatingrubber impeller withvanes that bend andthen straighten as theimpeller rotates toconform to the internalcam in the pumpcasing.

Various rubbermaterials available forcorrect compatibilitywith the fluid pumped.

ballast pumps insmall and mediummarine services.Also found in otherapplications in plantswhere fluids containsome solids.

Water, seawater,and other thin liquids,including liquidscontaining somesolids.

Relatively low costway to move liquidscontaining someamounts of solids.  

5 ­ 150 gpm­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 568 lpm

10 ­ 60 psi­­­­­­­­.7 ­ 4 bar

0.25 ­ 10hp

Gear Pumps

Gear pumps are atype of rotary positivedisplacement pump inwhich liquid is pumpedby passing betweentwo meshing gearsand the surroundingcasing. There areinternal and externalgear types.

Internal and externalgear types. Typicallydoesn't handle solidsor abrasive liquids.

Most commonpump for clean oilsand other viscousliquids.

Oils and other highviscosity liquids.Usually only suitedfor clean liquids (nosolids).

Most widely usedfor clean oilservices. Fewmoving parts,simpleconstruction.

1 ­ 1,500gpm­­­­­­­­4 ­ 5,678

lpm

10 ­ 2,500 psi­­­­­­­­

.7 ­ 138 bar

0.5 ­ 2,000hp

Lobe Pumps

Lobe pumps involvetwo shafts drive lobeswhich mesh with eachother, but do not touchdue to the use oftiming gears. Thisallows gentle pumpingof liquids containingsoft or fragile solids, orviscous liquids.  

Pump has timinggears so that lobesdon't contact eachother while pumping.Available in sanitaryoptions for food,pharmaceutical, andbiotech services.

Available in sanitaryoptions for food,beverage,pharmaceutical, andbiotech applications.

Liquids which areviscous or whichcontain fragile solidsor are shearsensitive.

This is the normalpump of choice forsanitaryapplicationspumping viscousliquids or liquidscontaining fragilesolids. No metal tometal contact insidethe pump.

25 ­ 3,000gpm­­­­­­­­

95 ­ 11,356lpm

50 ­ 450 psi­­­­­­­­

3 ­ 31 bar1 ­ 500 hp

Metering Pumps

Metering pumps are atype of reciprocatingpositive displacementdiaphragm pump thathas a very low flowrate (typicallymeasured in gallonsper hour or per day,rather than perminute). Flow rate isadjustable.

Pump is typically adiaphragm style,though older designsare plunger type.Diaphragm is drivenby solenoid,mechanical actuation,or hydraulic actuation.Pump includes inletand outlet checkvalves. Normallycontains stroke lengthadjustment to varyflow rate, and somepumps can alsocontrol flow rate withspeed control.

Used to meter ordose very low flowrates with highaccuracy. Mostcommon applicationis chemicaltreatment of waterin boilers, coolingtowers, potablewater, etc.

Wide variety of thinand thick liquids,including corrosiveliquids.

Accurate,repeatablevolumetric flowmeasurement.Ability to easilyadjust the flow rateby adjusting strokelength or speed.

.01 ­ 20gpm­­­­­­­­.038 ­ 76

lpm

10 ­ 30,000psi

­­­­­­­­.7 ­ 2,068 bar

0.125 ­ 60hp

Peristaltic Pumps(Hose Pump)

Peristaltic pumps orhose pumps are a typeof rotary positivedisplacement pumpthat has a roller orshoe that squeezes atube or hose as itrotates. The squeezingaction moves the liquidalong the tube.

Includes replaceablehose that must becompatible with thepumped liquid. Thishose is typically able tobe replaced whenworn.

This pump type isused to handlechlorine and otherdisinfectants incommercialswimming pools, inwineries, in sewagetreatment plants,and in many OEMapplications wheresealless pumping isa plus.

Wide range of liquids,including liquidscontaining solids, andcorrosive liquids.

This pump typerequires no seal,and keeps theliquid inside thetube, so zeroleakage.  

0.2 ­ 200gpm­­­­­­­­

 .78 ­ 757lpm

10 ­ 250 psi­­­­­­­­

.7 ­ 17 bar

0.125 ­ 40hp

Piston Pumps

Piston pumps are atype of reciprocatingpositive displacementpump that has, doubleacting reciprocating pistons.

Pump includes one ormore double actingpistons, sealed witho­rings againstcylinder walls. Pumphas an inlet and outletcheck valve for eachpiston.

Used in oilproduction, in washdown services,pressure washing,car washes,reverse osmosis,and otherapplications wherehigh pressure isneeded.

Water and other thinliquids, includingliquids containingabrasives.

May be betteralternative thanplunger pump incertainapplications, suchas abrasive liquids.Slower speedsmay mean lessmaintenance.

5 ­ 700 gpm­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 2,650lpm

50 ­ 5,000 psi­­­­­­­­

3 ­ 345 bar1 ­ 500 hp

Plunger Pumps

Plunger pumps are atype of reciprocatingpositive displacementpump that has,typically, three or fivesingle actingreciprocating plungers.

Pump includes one ormore single actingplungers, sealed withpacking againstcylinder walls. Pumphas an inlet and outletcheck valve for eachplunger.

Used in oilproduction, in washdown services,pressure washing,car washes, reverseosmosis, and otherapplications wherehigh pressure isneeded.

Water and other thinliquids, crude oils.

Best way toachieve very highpressures whenpumping.

5 ­ 1,200gpm........

19 ­ 4,543lpm

50 ­ 100,000psi........

3 ­ 6,895 bar

1 ­ 5,000hp

Progressive CavityPumps

Progressive cavitypumps are a type ofrotary positivedisplament pump thathas a single­threadedhelically shaped rotorturning inside of adouble­threadedhelically shapedrubber stator. Thisproduces aprogressing cavitythat moves the liquidthrough the pump andpressurizes it. 

Rotor is aninterference fit insidethe electrometricstator to minimizeleakage (slip).Starting torque maybe higher thanrunning torquebecause of this.

Used to pumppolymers anddewatered sludge insewage treatmentapplications, and inpumping liquidswhich are viscousor contain solids inindustrial plantssuch as pulp mills,petrochemical, andchemical plants.

Wide variety of thinand thick liquids,including corrosiveliquids and liquidscontaining solids.

Sometimesconsidered thepump of lastresort, as it willhandle difficultliquids which areviscous or containsolids and whichother pump typescannotaccommodate. 

10 ­ 2,400gpm­­­­­­­­

38 ­ 9,085lpm

50 ­ 2,000 psi­­­­­­­­

3 ­ 138 bar1 ­ 500 hp

Screw Pumps

Screw pumps use twointermeshing screws,driven by timing gears,move oils and otherviscous liquids. Alsoavailable with threescrews, one driving the

Two screw pumpsmake use of timinggears so that meshingscrews don't driveeach other. Triplescrew types have onescrew driving theother two and don't

Fuel transfer,elevators, and otherapplicationsrequiring relativelyhigh flow rates ofviscous liquids.

Oils, fuels, and otherhigh viscosity liquids.Also handles two­phase liquid/gasmixtures.

Highest flow rate ofpositivedisplacementpumps.

50 ­ 15,000gpm­­­­­­­­189 ­

56,781 lpm

50 ­ 4,500 psi­­­­­­­­

3 ­ 310 bar

5 ­ 5,000hp

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other. include timing gears.

Vane Pumps

Vane pumps use arotor with vaneslocated in slots,rotating inside aneccentrically shapedcasing. As the rotorturns, the vanes movein and out of the slots.

Sliding vanes areoften made ofcarbon.  

An alternative to agear pump fortransferring oils andother viscousliquids. Also goodfor thinner liquids.

Oils and other highviscosity liquids.Usually only suitedfor clean liquids (nosolids). Also good forthin liquids likegasoline and water.

Good for both thickand thin liquids, sooften chosen forterminals and truckunloading wheremany types ofliquids are handled.

5 ­ 2,500gpm­­­­­­­­

19 ­ 9,464lpm

20 ­ 200 psi­­­­­­­­

1 ­ 14 bar1 ­ 300 hp

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