Public Speaking as Public Dialogue
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Transcript of Public Speaking as Public Dialogue
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Public Speaking as Public Dialogue
Cindy L. GriffinColorado State University
Public Speaking Online Lecture SeriesFebruary 26, 2003
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Overview: Public Speaking As Public Dialogue What is public speaking as public dialogue? Service learning Invitational speaking Benefits
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Public Dialogue:
The civil exchange of ideas and opinions among public groups about topics that affect the public.
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The importance of dialogue:
to interact, to connect, and to exchange information with other people.
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An Ethic of Civility
Care and concern for others, the thoughtful use of words and language, and the flexibility to see the many sides of an issue.
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To engage in a public dialogue is:
to recognize the speaker and the audience are equally important, that both have opinions, feelings and beliefs
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Reinforces an audience-centered approach:
to acknowledge your audience by listening to the unique, diverse, and common perspectives of its members before, during and after the speech.
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Why We Enter the Public Dialogue
We decide to speak We are asked to speak We are required to speak
Understand that culture has a powerful affect on communication Our nationality Ethnic heritage Our gender
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Public Speaking as Public Dialogue
Service Learning
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Service Learning:
takes students out of the classroom, applies the concepts taught in the classroom to the outside world, and engages the material in hands-on ways.
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Different Service Learning Models
Solution or problem-based service-learning (consultant model)
Activity-based service learningInformation-based service-learning
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Public Speaking as Public Dialogue through Service Learning Higher caliber of speeches Students make a personal connection Wide-range of perspectives Students stay and volunteer Students see “real world” connections
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Sample
Topic: Neighbor to Neighbor
General Purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the programs offered by Neighbor to Neighbor.
Thesis Statement: Programs offered by Neighbor to Neighbor include mortgage counseling, rental assistance and transitional housing.
Main points:I. Mortgage counseling.II. Rental assistance.III. Transitional housing.
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Public Speaking as Public Dialogue
Invitational Speaking
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Invitational speaking is:
a type of public speaking in which a speaker enters into a dialogue with an audience in order to clarify positions, explore issues and ideas, or articulate beliefs and values.
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Goals of Invitational Speaking
Informative Speech
Persuasive Speech
Invitational Speech
To inform my audience of the history of the Equal Rights Amendment.
To persuade my audience that we should pass the ERA.
To invite my audience to understand the powerful impact that ratifying the ERA could have on us all.
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Why Give an Invitational Speech?
People have profoundly different positions Political issues Social issues Religious or spiritual issues
We are not able to persuade They are not going to change We are not going to change
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Why Give an Invitational Speech?
We want to go beyond informing Gain a more complex understanding of the
issues Open up a space for dialogue
Options Stop communicating Try to persuade Communicate from an invitational perspective
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Communicate from an Invitational Perspective Invite them into our world view
And try to see the world as they do
Dialogue about our differences To gain a better understanding
Willing to communicate by creating a particular type of environment
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An Invitational Speaking Environment Conducive to an open dialogue
Your position is ONE viable stance
Alter traditional roles of speaker/audience Audience expresses their views
Three conditions must exist
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Establishing an Invitational Speaking Environment
Condition of equality:You see the audience members as holding valid perspectives and positions that are worthy of exploration.
Condition of value:Recognize that the views of the audience, although different from the speaker’s, have inherent value.
Condition of self-determination: Recognize that the members of your audience are experts in their own lives, or that people know what is best for them and have the right to make choices about their lives based on this knowledge.
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Two Types of Invitational Speeches
Invitational speeches to articulate a position.You invite an audience to see the world as you do and to understand issues from your perspective.
Invitational speeches to explore an issue. You attempt to engage your audience in a discussion about an idea, concern, topic, or plan of action.
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Speeches to Articulate a Position
To invite my audience to consider the idea that women pioneers should be represented in history textbooks.
To invite my audience to consider some of the positive lessons that can be taught with the ethical use of guns.
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Invitational Speeches to Articulate a Position
You share information with the audience But an open dialogue occurs
Richer understanding of a complex issue Invite the audience to enter your world
Return the gesture
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An Invitational Speech to Explore an Issue Gather information to understand the subject
more fully
You have thoughts about a plan/action They are not set-in-stone They might be tentative
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Invitational Speeches to Explore an Issue To invite my audience to explore, and to
explore myself, three theories of evolution and creation and their role in public education.
To invite my audience to explore, and to explore myself, the positive and negative aspects of cloning endangered animals.
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Public Speaking as Public Dialogue
Benefits
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Standardization: Many of the Same Skills are Learned Critical Thinking Distinguishing between different types of
speeches Organizational patterns Five canons of rhetoric Principles of Persuasion Delivery Reasoning effectively and ethically
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New Skills Students Learn Audience-centered
Culture Language Listening styles
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New Skills Students Learn
Facilitating an open dialogue Reasoning used in ALL types of speeches Mythos in addition to
Logos, Ethos, and Pathos Invitational speech option
To explore an issue or articulate a position Open dialogue New way of using language
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Public Speaking as Public Dialogue
Benefits
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Benefits
Difficult to maintain “speech files” Move beyond common speeches
Beer-oriented speeches Legalization of marijuana or hemp-oriented
speeches Lowering the legal drinking age
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Benefits
Assessment of student academic achievement still present
Transferability of course to other schools Different types of speeches Reasoning Listening Language Diversity
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Benefits
Service Learning Meets requirements at Universities Makes public speaking “real” Keeps instructors more engaged
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Benefits
Public Speaking as Public Dialogue Teaches students to TALK about their
differences OPENLY
Teaches students and faculty to be interested in diverse standpoints and positions
It helps us all make real world connections
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Public Speaking As Public Dialogue
Questions