Public Policy & Social Change
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Transcript of Public Policy & Social Change
Public Policy Public Policy & &
Social ChangeSocial Change
Parth J ShahParth J Shah
Centre for Civil SocietyCentre for Civil Society
[email protected]@ccs.in
What is public policy?What is public policy?
Who makes policy?Who makes policy? Who influences policy?Who influences policy? Who are affected by policy?Who are affected by policy?
Financing of FilmsFinancing of Films
Mahesh Bhatt meeting Dawood Ibrahim Mahesh Bhatt meeting Dawood Ibrahim for a loan to finance his new filmfor a loan to finance his new film
Why?
School/College School/College AdmissionsAdmissions
Long queues Long queues Donations/ Donations/
capitation feescapitation fees Interview of Interview of
parents and parents and childrenchildren
Why?Why?
Does not own the Does not own the rickshaw he pliesrickshaw he plies
Pays very high rent, Pays very high rent, Rs 25 a day Rs 25 a day
Cannot expand the Cannot expand the busineessbusineess
Cannot increase his Cannot increase his incomeincome
Why??Why??
Cycle Rickshaw PullersCycle Rickshaw Pullers
Street HawkersStreet Hawkers
For 15 years sitting For 15 years sitting in the same place in the same place with about the with about the same amount of same amount of goods goods (investment).(investment).
Why??Why??
Addressing Social Addressing Social ProblemsProblems
Direct ActionDirect Action
Policy ActionPolicy Action
Fish, Fish, Fish…Fish, Fish, Fish…
Give fishGive fish Teach fishingTeach fishing Keep fishing as a viable livelihoodKeep fishing as a viable livelihood
Choose to be a fishermanChoose to be a fisherman Training Institutes giving Diploma in Training Institutes giving Diploma in
FishingFishing
Why Policy Action is Why Policy Action is BetterBetter
Direct ActionDirect Action Immediate reliefImmediate relief Specific area/ Specific area/
peoplepeople Impact = EffortsImpact = Efforts Need for Need for
continuous continuous mobilisation mobilisation
Policy ActionPolicy Action Sustained reliefSustained relief All peopleAll people Small change = Small change =
large impactlarge impact Permanent Permanent
solutionsolution
Why Policy Action is Why Policy Action is BetterBetter
Direct ActionDirect Action Only activists can Only activists can
engageengage Need information Need information
about each new about each new occurrence of the occurrence of the problemproblem
Old problems Old problems persist; less time persist; less time for new onesfor new ones
Policy ActionPolicy Action All people can All people can
participateparticipate Internalised Internalised
correctional correctional feedbackfeedback
Time, energy and Time, energy and motivation left for motivation left for new problemsnew problems
Enduring ImpactEnduring ImpactIm
pact
Spa
ceIm
pact
Spa
ce
Impact SpeedImpact SpeedFast SlowPersonsPersons
SystemSystem
Enduring Leverage
Keep Fishing Viable
Teach Fishing
Give Fish
cc Anupam Saraph
Want Sustainable Want Sustainable Social Change Social Change
Think Public Policy !Think Public Policy !
Think AboutThink About
– One public policy that you think has worked and why
– One public policy that you think has not worked and why
– One area in which a policy is needed but government does not have one
– One are in which government has a policy but it is not necessary
Problem, Policy & Problem, Policy & ChangeChange
Problem:What Policy?
Is this aRight Policy?
Problem-Policy MatchProblem-Policy Match
• Problem – Precise identification– Causes (qualitative and quantitative
analysis)– Alternative solutions – Costs & benefits– Finances and implementation– Success benchmarks– Regular, independent evaluation
Is this a good policy?Is this a good policy?
• Policy– What is the problem? Is it a genuine problem?
NO NEED OF POLICY!– Who should act? State, markets, charities– Limit freedom?– Reduce choice and competition?– Create monopoly? Entry or exit barriers? – Unintended consequences?– Implementation: Information and incentives
Good Policy?Good Policy?
– Who’s for it? Who’s against it? Follow the money!
– Winners and Losers?– Effect on marginalised groups?– Effect on all groups in the society? – Externalities or third-party effects?– Short, medium, and long term effects?
Water and FarmersWater and Farmers
Road Roko Andolan to stop agriculture Road Roko Andolan to stop agriculture water diverted to the citywater diverted to the city
Why??
Communal RiotsCommunal Riots
Destruction of livesDestruction of lives Destruction of Destruction of
property (looting, property (looting, burning shops, burning shops, houses)houses)
People’s People’s Representatives?Representatives?
Criminal elected to Criminal elected to assembly and assembly and parliamentparliament
Tribals Surviving?Tribals Surviving?
Tribals shot at a Tribals shot at a protest against protest against acquisition of land acquisition of land in their areain their area
Elephants let loose Elephants let loose on ‘encroached’ on ‘encroached’ tribal dwellings in tribal dwellings in forestsforests