Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions...

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Transcript of Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions...

Page 1: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Public Policy

Page 2: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Public Policy

• Domestic– Programs seek to improve the economy, social,

and political conditions within a country

• Foreign– Policies concern other nations, treaties,

diplomacy, wars, defense, national security …

• Policy label depends on its target, not its causes

Page 3: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

I. Economic Policy • Revenue– taxes

• Expenditures– Money spent

Page 4: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Monetary vs. Fiscal Policy• Fiscal Policy

– Taxing and spending– Budget deficit or surplus, money spent on retirement, health

care, education, military– Taxes come from tariffs, income taxes, sales taxes, excise taxes

• Monetary Policy– Money supply issues– Interest rates, central banks, reserve rates, paper versus specie,

bonds, currency issues, inflation or deflation, National debt

– http://www.usdebtclock.org/

http://www.usdebtclock.org/
Page 5: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

• Nationalization vs. Privatization– Shock Therapy, Russia

Development Policy• Infrastructure– Roads, bridges, RR, electricity, energy, and

communications

• Private Sector incentives– Subsidies, tax breaks, deregulation

Page 6: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Regulatory Policy• Rules and limits placed on business or individuals• Set standards for products• Require disclosures• Anti-monopoly laws• Environmental laws• Energy laws– Iran’s nuclear energy program

• Civil Rights laws– Women in Iran

• Regulatory Capture

Page 7: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Trade Policy

• Tariffs– Tax on imports

• Quotas on imports– Sets limits on foreign products can buy

• Free Trade Agreements– NAFTA

Page 8: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,
Page 9: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

II. Social Welfare Policies

• Programs that affect standard of living, not just for the poor

• Includes education, healthcare, antipoverty, pensions

Page 10: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Old Age- Retirement

• Many countries implemented around the Great Depression, WWII

• Most give a state pension, a monthly payment• US called social security• Harder for MDCs with declining birthrates and

longer life spans• One Child Rule in China is putting pressure on

this system

Page 11: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Health Care Policy

• Costs are going up, especially with aging populations

• Often little access in rural areas• UK- Beveridge report after WWII, government

health care created• National Health Service (NHS)• Free, universal health care

Page 12: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Antipoverty Policies

• Programs to help the poor• Redistributive of wealth in a society• Often comes from progressive taxation• PROGRESA in Mexico

Page 13: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Education Policy

• Issues1.Degree of centralization2.Level of opportunities made available to the

general population3.Higher Education’s admittance policies and

access issues4.Does the system indoctrinate its citizens in

political ideas, like Communist doctrine in the former Soviet Union

Page 14: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Identity-Related Policies

• Citizenship– Naturalization– Dual citizenship

• Immigration– Who is allowed to visit and for how long?

• Integration– Affirmative Action

Page 15: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Policy Making

• Bureaucracies implement• Mix of legislatures and executives create policy• Elections alert politicians that policies are not

working• Referendums can be a public input on an issue• In some nations, parties disagree with the nature

of the level of government involvement in the economy and societal issues

Page 16: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Answers- Public Policy Drive for 5

1. D2. A3. A

Page 17: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Answers- Public Policy Drive for 5

1. D2. A3. A4. B5. A6. D7. A

Page 18: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Answers- Public Policy Drive for 5

1. D2. A3. A4. B5. A6. D7. A8. C9. E10. B

11. D12. B

Page 19: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Answers- Public Policy Drive for 5

1. D2. A3. A4. B5. A6. D7. A8. C9. E10. B

11. D12. B13. A14. B15. C

Page 20: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Answers- Introduction

1. B2. A3. E4. C

Page 21: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Answers- Introduction

1. B2. A3. E4. C5. D6. C

Page 22: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Answers- Introduction1. B2. A3. E4. C5. D6. C7. A, poor Question8. D9. B10. E

Page 23: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Answers- Introduction

1. B2. A3. E4. C5. D6. C7. A8. D9. B10. E

11. E12. C13. A14. D15. C

Page 24: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

• Centrifugal (flee the center)-fragment• Centripetal (To seek the center)-unify• Gini Coeffecient- measures the amount of

economic inequality in a nation, the lower the number the more equality, Sweden .26, Mexico .48

Page 25: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Answers- Introduction

1. B2. A3. E4. C5. D6. C7. A8. D9. B10. E

11. E12. C13. A14. D15. C16. A17. C18. E19. D20. B

Page 26: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Answers- Introduction

1. B2. A3. E4. C5. D6. C7. A8. D9. B10. E

11. E12. C13. A14. D15. C16. A17. C18. E19. D20. B

Page 27: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Answers- Introduction

1. B2. A3. E4. C5. D6. C7. A8. D9. B10. E

11. E12. C13. A14. D15. C16. A17. C18. E19. D20. B

21. C22. A23. B24. D25. E

Page 28: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Answers- Introduction

1. B2. A3. E4. C5. D6. C7. A8. D9. B10. E

11. E12. C13. A14. D15. C16. A17. C18. E19. D20. B

21. C22. A23. B24. D25. E26. D27. B28. A29. C30. E

Page 29: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,
Page 30: Public Policy. Domestic – Programs seek to improve the economy, social, and political conditions within a country Foreign – Policies concern other nations,

Secretary

Kristi or Claire


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