PUBLIC LIBRARIES: NEW OPPORTUNITIES IN TIMES OF CHANGE Marshall Breeding Independent Consult,...
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Transcript of PUBLIC LIBRARIES: NEW OPPORTUNITIES IN TIMES OF CHANGE Marshall Breeding Independent Consult,...
PUBLIC LIBRARIES: NEW OPPORTUNITIES IN TIMES OF CHANGE
Marshall BreedingIndependent Consult, Author, Founder and Publisher, Library Technology Guideshttp://www.librarytechnology.org/http://twitter.com/mbreeding
08 March 2013 PLWA 2013 Biennial Conference
Summary
Public libraries face many challenges in the ways they serve their communities in these times of great change in society and technology. Interest in e-books has taken off, presenting enormous opportunities—if libraries can navigate through all the obstacles—to deliver lending services that delight their customers. Finding new ways to foster engagement with their communities stands as a paramount concern. Libraries have a growing set of options to bring in the character of social networks into their sphere. Most importantly, libraries can work to become a hub for their community, expanding beyond traditional methods of library service. Marshall Breeding will present his view of the role of libraries in this critical time of change and some of the ways that libraries can improve their standing in their communities in the way that they shape their services and in their use of technology.
Library Technology Guides
www.librarytechnology.
org
Public Libraries in Australia
Public Libraries in Western Australia
Library Journal Automation Marketplace
Published annually in April 1 issue Based on data provided by each vendor Focused primarily on North America
Context of global library automation market
LJ Automation Marketplace
Annual Industry report published in Library Journal: 2012: Agents of Change 2011: New Frontier: battle intensifies to win hearts, minds
and tech dollars 2010: New Models, Core Systems 2009: Investing in the Future 2008: Opportunity out of turmoil 2007: An industry redefined 2006: Reshuffling the deck 2005: Gradual evolution 2004: Migration down, innovation up 2003: The competition heats up 2002: Capturing the migrating customer
Cloud Computing for Libraries
Volume 11 in The Tech Set
Published by Neal-Schuman / ALA TechSource
ISBN: 781555707859
http://www.neal-schuman.com/ccl
Book Image Publication Info:
Next-Gen Library Catalogs
Marshall BreedingNeal-Schuman PublishersMarch 2010
Volume 1 of The Tech Set
Appropriate Automation Infrastructure
Current automation products out of step with current realities
Centered on transactional support Proliferation of disconnected tech components Majority of automation efforts support print
activities Management of e-content continues with
inadequate supporting infrastructure Need better virtual presence that covers full
breadth of library collection and services Library users expect more engaging socially aware
interfaces for Web and mobile
Allocation of resources
Libraries need flexible technical infrastructure that responds to changing priorities
Collection funds devoted mostly to e-content
Allocation of technology infrastructure and personnel devoted mostly to management of print
Not hardwired to specific content media, workflows, or services
Technology to support all faces of public libraries
Physical Social / Community Digital
Reshaped collections
Monographs: transition to e-books underway Demand for e-book discovery and lending For academics, E-books now largely delivered
through database aggregations Digital collections: local libraries and cultural
organizations actively involved in digitizing unique materials
Journal content: mostly delivered electronically Media collections: LP, CD, DVD, Blu-Ray to
streaming Heritage print collections will remain indefinitely
Fulfillment activities
Print circulation Increasing Increasing reliance on self-service Direct consortial borrowing Interlibrary loan activity rising Increased pressure for resource sharing
Additional public library roles Beyond content fulfillment Centers of community engagement Technology access for the under-served Ready reference > in-depth research
support Improve Literacy, promote reading, etc Facilitating use of technology Stimulate creativity: Maker spaces
Public Library Issues
Greater concern for e-books and general article databases
Management: Need for consolidated approach that balances print, digital, and electronic workflows
Emphasis on technologies that engage users with library programs and services
Cumulative effect
Library collections more complex than ever
Library services move diverse Managing electronic and digital content
harder than managing print
Tech for Physical Libraries
Content stations: Catalog stations, e-book kiosks, specialized resources
Self-service (RFID) – increasingly duplicating LMS / Online catalog functionality
Digital signage and exhibits Computing: Wi-Fi – PCs – printing Multi-media tables Device Lending – increasingly self-service Anything to spark collaboration and
engagement
Social Computing
Web 2.0 as a separate activity often counter productive
Important to have social orientation built directly into the software and services that comprise library infrastructure
Avoid jettisoning patrons out of the library’s Web presence
Find ways to effectively connect with users, connect users to each other, and especially to connect users to library content and services
Key Context: Changed expectations in metadata management
Moving away from individual record-by-record creation Life cycle of metadata
Metadata follows the supply chain, improved and enhanced along the way as needed
Manage metadata in bulk when possible E-book collections
Highly shared metadata E-journal knowledge bases (KnowledgeWorks / 360 Core)
Great interest in moving toward semantic web and open linked data Very little progress in linked data for operational systems AACR2 > RDA MARC > RDF (recent announcement of Library of Congress)
Enterprise connectivity
Important to be interconnected with the technical infrastructure of related organizations: Council services, Campus,
UK: strong dynamic between local council business systems and that of the library service
Fundamental technology shift Mainframe computing Client/Server Cloud Computing
http://www.flickr.com/photos/carrick/61952845/
http://soacloudcomputing.blogspot.com/2008/10/cloud-computing.html
http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-10-2001/jw-1019-jxta.html
Mobile Computing
Cooperation and Resource sharing
Efforts on many fronts to cooperate and consolidate
Many regional consortia merging (Example: suburban Chicago systems)
State-wide or national implementations Software-as-a-service or “cloud” based
implementations Many libraries share computing
infrastructure and data resources
Illinois Heartland Library Consortium
LargestConsortiumin US by Number of Members
Strategic Cooperation
Shared infrastructure in support of strategic collaborative relationships
Opportunities to share infrastructure Examples:
2CUL Orbis Cascade Alliance
Opportunities to reconsider automation implementation strategies One library = 1 ILS? Ability to share infrastructure across organizational
boundaries?
Shared Infrastructure
Northern Ireland South Australia Denmark (tender process underway) Chile Iceland
Challenge: Disjointed approach to information and service delivery
Library Web sites offer a menu of unconnected silos: Books: Library OPAC (ILS online catalog module) Articles: Aggregated content products, e-journal
collections OpenURL linking services E-journal finding aids (Often managed by link resolver) Subject guides (e.g. Springshare LibGuides) Local digital collections
ETDs, photos, rich media collections Metasearch engines Discovery Services – often just another choice among
many All searched separately
Integrated service Delivery
A unified interface that takes full responsibility for customer experience
Avoids abrupt hand-offs Does not jettison customers away from
the library presence Inward vectors of engagement
Integrating e-Books into Library Automation Infrastructure
Current approach involves mostly outsourced arrangements
Collections licensed wholesale from single provider
Hand-off to DRM and delivery systems of providers
Loading of MARC records into local catalog with linking mechanisms
No ability to see availability status of e-books from the library’s online catalog or discovery interface
Online Catalog
Books, Journals, and Media at the Title Level
Not in scope: Articles Book Chapters Digital objects Web site content Etc.
Scope of SearchSearch:
Search Results
ILS Data
Public Library Information Portal
Search:
Digital Collections
Web Site ContentCommunit
yInformatio
n
…Customer-providedcontent
Reference Sources
Search Results
Pre-built harvesting and indexing
Conso
lidate
d In
dex
LMS Data
Aggregated Content packages
Archives
Usage-generate
dData
Customer
Profile
Discovery Products
http://www.librarytechnology.org/discovery.pl
Fragmented Library Management LMS for management of (mostly) print Duplicative financial systems between library and local
government or other parent organization E-book lending platform (multiple?) Interlibrary loan (borrowing and lending) Self-service and AMH infrastructure Electronic Resource Management PC Scheduling and print management Event scheduling Digital Collections Management platforms (CONTENTdm,
DigiTool, etc.) Discovery-layer services for broader access to library collections No effective integration services / interoperability among
disconnected systems, non-aligned metadata schemes
Library management systems Traditionally focus on circulation,
cataloging, and acquisitions Neglect patron-facing services New generation needs to operate as:
Customer relationship management Enterprise Resource Management Collection management Patron discovery and service fulfillment
Automation priorities
Current LMS model focuses on technical services
Discovery interfaces and catalog address patron self-service
General absence of customer relationship management How can new generations of technology
infrastructure provide tools to facilitate research support, reference, and other public services
Need to generate performance metrics for these critical library services
Comprehensive Resource Management
No longer sensible to use different software platforms for managing different types of library materials
ILS + ERM + OpenURL Resolver + Digital Asset management, etc. very inefficient model
Flexible platform capable of managing multiple type of library materials, multiple metadata formats, with appropriate workflows
Open Systems
Achieving openness has risen as the key driver behind library technology strategies
Libraries need to do more with their data Ability to improve customer experience and
operational efficiencies Demand for Interoperability Open source – full access to internal
program of the application Open API’s – expose programmatic
interfaces to data and functionality
Libraries need a new model of library automation
Not an Integrated Library System or Library Management System
The ILS/LMS was designed to help libraries manage print collections
Generally did not evolve to manage electronic collections
Other library automation products evolved: Electronic Resource Management Systems –
OpenURL Link Resolvers – Digital Library Management Systems -- Institutional Repositories
Library Services Platform
Library-specific software. Designed to help libraries automate their internal operations, manage collections, fulfill requests, and deliver services
Services Service oriented architecture Exposes Web services and other API’s Facilitates the services libraries offer to their users
Platform General infrastructure for library automation Consistent with the concept of Platform as a Service Library programmers address the APIs of the platform to
extend functionality, create connections with other systems, dynamically interact with data
Library Services Platform Characteristics
Highly Shared data models Knowledgebase architecture Some may take hybrid approach to accommodate
local data stores Delivered through software as a service
Multi-tenant Unified workflows across formats and media Flexible metadata management
MARC – Dublin Core – VRA – MODS – ONIX New structures not yet invented
Open APIs for extensibility and interoperability
Con
solid
ate
d in
dex
Unified Presentation LayerSearch:
Digital Coll
ProQuest
EBSCO…
JSTOR
Other Resource
s
New Library Management Model
`
API Layer
Library Services Platform
LearningManageme
nt
LearningManageme
nt
Enterprise ResourcePlanning
Enterprise ResourcePlanning
StockManagement
StockManagement
Self-Check /
Automated Return
Self-Check /
Automated Return
Authentication
Service
Authentication
Service
Smart Cad /
Payment systems
Smart Cad /
Payment systems
Discovery
Service
Reassess expectations of Technology
Many previous assumptions no longer apply
Technology platforms scale infinitely No technical limits on how libraries share
technical infrastructure Cloud technologies enable new ways of
sharing metadata Build flexible systems not hardwired to
any given set of workflows
Reassess workflow and organizational options
ILS model shaped library organizations New Library Services Platforms may
enable new ways to organize how resource management and service delivery are performed
New technologies more able to support strategic priorities and initiatives
Time to engage
Transition to new technology models just underway
More transformative development than in previous phases of library automation
Opportunities to partner and collaborate Vendors want to create systems with long-
term value Question previously held assumptions
regarding the shape of technology infrastructure and services
Provide leadership in defining expectations