Public Health Update - TBRPC€¦ · • Should be received early in the season • As long a flu...
Transcript of Public Health Update - TBRPC€¦ · • Should be received early in the season • As long a flu...
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Public Health Update
Ulyee Choe, DODirector, Florida Department of Health in Pinellas
February 10, 2020
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Influenza
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What is Influenza?• Acute respiratory disease caused by
influenza virus
• Transmitted through respiratory droplets
• Incubation period: 1-4 days
• Peak shedding: 1 day before onset of symptoms up to 3 days after
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Symptoms • Acute symptoms persist for 2-7 days
• Malaise and cough may continue for 2 weeks or longer
• Complications include pneumonia, sinus or ear infections, inflammation of the heart (myocarditis), brain (encephalitis) or muscle tissues (myositis, rhabdomyolysis), and possible death
• Influenza-like illness (ILI):• Fever over 100.4°F, cough and/or
sore throat
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Cold or Flu?
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Treatment • Treatment with antiviral medication within the
first 48 hours of the onset of symptoms to be most effective
• Lessens symptoms and can shorten illness duration
• Prevents flu complications including pneumonia
• Other FDA approved antiviral drugs include:• Zanamivir (Relenza)• Peramivir (Rapivab)• Baloxavir marboxil (Xofluza)
ANTIBIOTICS ARE NOT AN EFFECTIVE TREATMENT FOR INFLUENZA!
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Vaccination • Everyone 6 months and older needs a flu vaccine annually
• Should be received early in the season• As long a flu is circulating, vaccination is recommended
• Flu vaccine prevents millions of illnesses and flu-related doctor’s visits each year
• Flu vaccine can be life-saving in children• A 2017 study, which looked at data from four flu seasons between 2010 and 2014, found
that flu vaccination reduced the risk of flu-associated death by half (51%) among children with underlying high-risk medical conditions and by nearly two-thirds (65%) among healthy children.
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• 2019-2020 Influenza Vaccine: • A/Brisbane/02/2018 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus (updated)• A/Kansas/14/2017 (H3N2)-like virus (updated)• B/Colorado/06/2017-like (Victoria lineage) and B/Yamagata virus
• Flu vaccine effectiveness estimates are not available yet this season, but vaccination is always the best way to prevent flu and its potentially serious complications
• In general, current flu vaccines tend to work better against influenza B and influenza A(H1N1) viruses and offer lower protection against influenza A(H3N2) viruses
Influenza Vaccine
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• Influenza is unpredictable
• The US experiences annual epidemics of seasonal flu
• Flu viruses are constantly changing so it’s not unusual for new flu viruses to appear each year
• Seasonal flu activity begins as early as October and November and can continue to occur as late as May; Typically peaks in the US between December and February
Flu Activity
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2019-2020 Flu Activity in the US
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2019-2020 Influenza Season – Florida
• Florida is currently reporting widespread flu activity
• Influenza A 2009 (H1N1) activity increased notably in recent weeks and overtook influenza B Victoria lineage as the most common strain so far this season• Both are included in the quadrivalent vaccine offered this season
• Seven influenza-associated pediatric deaths have been reported in Florida so far this season, all in unvaccinated children
• Influenza activity is estimated to remain elevated for several more weeks
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• Pinellas County is currently reporting moderate influenza activity
• Influenza A is the most common strain circulating at this time
• 83% of positive ELR results
• Emergency Department (ED) visits related to Influenza-like Illness (ILI) are currently higher than expected (Figure 1)
2019-2020 Influenza Season Pinellas County
Figure 1: Percentage of ED Visits for ILI for Facilities Participating in ESSENCE-FL (n=16), Pinellas County, Week 40, 2015 through Week 5, 2020
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Surveillance Reports
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Prevent the Spread of Flu
• Get vaccinated!• Wash your hands often• Stay home if you are sick• Cover your cough or sneeze • Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth
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CDC https://www.cdc.gov/flu/index.htm
Florida DOH http://www.floridahealth.gov/diseases-and-conditions/influenza/index.html
References
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Partner Institutions
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FactorsInfluencing
Health
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Health Impact Pyramid
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Internal Infrastructure
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Emphasize collaborative engagement among community institutions to address the community's social determinants of health.
Objective: Increase Cross Sector Collaborations
Approach: Form Jurisdictional Working Groups Organize and utilize HiAP jurisdictional working groups within Pinellas Park, St. Petersburg, and Pinellas County governments to discuss solutions for local health barriers and disparities.
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Maximize the positive health and equity effects and minimize the potentially unforeseen negative health and equity effects of proposed policies, plans, projects, and/or programs.
Objective: Reduce Health Barriers and PreventHealth Disparities
Approach: Incorporate Health Considerations into Decision-Making Processes
Prevent health-dissuading environments and make the healthy choice the most easily accessible choice.
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Decision Support Tools
Assessments created and customized by the HiAP team to analyze the health and equity impacts of different policies, plans, projects, and/or programs
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Resolutions and Executive Orders Establishing HiAP
Pinellas Park HiAP Resolution Pinellas County HiAP Resolution
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St. Petersburg HiAP Resolution St. Petersburg HiAP Executive Order
Resolutions and Executive Orders Establishing HiAP
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Health Impact Assessments (HIA)
St. Petersburg HIA Pinellas County HIA Pinellas Park HIA
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Other Applied Health and Equity AssessmentsHealth Planning Matrix
Health Lens Analysis
Health Consultations
- Pinellas County Planning Department's Comprehensive Plan- City of St. Petersburg Economic Development Department's Commercial Revitalization Grant Program- City of St. Petersburg Transportation Department's 28th Street Trail Development
- City of Pinellas Park Community Redevelopment Agency's Community Redevelopment Plan
Health Note- City of Pinellas Park Planning & Development Services Department's Visibility Triangle Ordinances- City of St. Petersburg Transportation Department's Complete Streets Implementation Plan
- Pinellas County Administration on Municipal Tax Service Unit Funding- City of St. Petersburg Office of Urban Affairs' Healthy Neighborhood Plan- City of St. Petersburg Office of Sustainability's GreenLink Analysis of Utility Burden- City of St. Petersburg Planning & Development Services Department's Vision 2050 Planning Process and Coastal High Hazard Land Development Regulations
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Questions?