Psychology Discourse

CommunityKalyne Lynch

Annalise Frottier Simona MorrisDavid CashionTaylor Warren

Readers and Writers

• Clinical professionals

• Students

• Librarians

• Employers

• Authors

• Patients

…now what do they write about?

• SO many different things!

• Reports, reviews, critical analysis, research proposals, lab reports, research articles, abstracts

• Research, treatments

• Insurance paperwork, notes, journal entries

Expectations when they read and write!

• Validity and reliability

• Statistics

• Correction citations! [APA]

• Professional, Formal or Precise/Detailed

Shared Public Goals!

• All set out to contribute to the research and contribute to the treatment of patients

• Describe

• Explain

• Predict

• Change

•What genres are most used in your field, both in academia and in the professional community? What purposes do those genres accomplish? Share some examples of writing in your field and discuss particular conventions or topics that are found often.

• I don’t think I have a necessary genre in my major. I do communications so that’s dealing with writing in general. If I were to pick a genre I would probably say it would be journalism. In journalism it all depends on what type of field you are in. In the professional world communications is used frequently. Writing newspaper articles and television broadcasting is used every day to report news. Since elections are going on most news report and broadcasting shows are reporting on that subject.

What types of citation styles are used in your field and WHY?

• In my type of field, MLA or APA format is used while writing. MLA most commonly, I rarely have had to use APA. Most journal articles are written in MLA format.

• . What literacies are valued in your field and how are they put to use? Does it go beyond “writing” in the narrow, traditional sense? How is communication taking place?

• Writing in general is a literacy in communications. Speeches are written down and memorized for public speaking. Being strong in reading and writing is very important in the field of communications. You have to know how to write while doing journalism. You have to read off prompters in order to report news television. Literacy is very important in my field.

Example: Abstract• Background and Objectives: Low self-esteem (LSE) is associated with

psychiatric disorder, and is distressing and debilitating in its own right. Hence, it is frequent target for treatment in cognitive behavioural interventions, yet it has rarely been the primary focus for intervention. This paper reports on a preliminary randomized controlled trial of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for LSE using Fennell’s (1997) cognitive conceptualisation and transdiagnostic treatment approach (1997, 1999). Methods: Twenty-two participants were randomly allocated to either immediate treatment (IT) (n = 11) or to a waitlist condition (WL) (n = 11). Treatment consisted of 10 sessions of individual CBT accompanied by workbooks. Participants allocated to the WL condition received the CBT intervention once the waitlist period was completed and all participants were followed up 11 weeks after completing CBT. Results: The IT group showed significantly better functioning than the WL group on measures of LSE, overall functioning and depression and had fewer psychiatric diagnoses at the end of treatment. The WL group showed the same pattern of response to CBT as the group who had received CBT immediately. All treatment gains were maintained at follow-up assessment. Limitations: The sample size is small and consists mainly of women with a high level of educational attainment and the follow-up period was relatively short. Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that a focused, brief CBT intervention can be effective in treating LSE and associated symptoms and diagnoses in a clinically representative group of individuals with a range of different and co-morbid disorders. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)

Example: Research Article Intro!

• Self-esteem has been defined as the “conviction that one is competent to live and worthy of living” (Branden, 1969; p.110) and is a term used to reflect a person’s overall evaluation or appraisal of his or her own worth. It can be seen as a schema, in that it is a broad, pervasive theme or pattern, comprised of memories, emotions, cognitions and bodily sensations regarding oneself and one’s relationships with others, developed during childhood or adolescence and is elaborated throughout one’s lifetime (Young, Klosko, & Weishaar, 2003). Evidence suggests that the majority of people with mental health problems suffer from low self-esteem (LSE) (Silverstone & Salsali, 2003), in that they evaluate their competence and worthiness negatively. However, due to difficulties operationalizing and evaluating the concept of self-esteem (Mruk, 1999), it has been inadequately studied.

Example! Research Data!

• Table 1. Participants’ demographic information, pre-intervention scores and length of treatment.

• Measure Waitlist group (n = 11)Immediate treatment group (n = 11)Statistic Age (mean, SD)36.55 (12.53)30.64 (9.24)t(20) = −1.26,p = 0.22

Citation for this article!

• Waite, P., McManus, F., & Shafran, R. (2012). Cognitive behaviour therapy for low self-esteem: A preliminary randomized controlled trial in a primary care setting. Journal Of Behavior Therapy And Experimental Psychiatry, 43(4), 1049-1057. doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2012.04.006

Interview

• Ms. Latasha Brown, Counselor

• Brown Clinical Services

• Over 18 years of experience

• Licensed in North Carolina and South Carolina

• Specializes in helping children, adults and families

•What types of writing are done in this field in the academic and professional worlds? What genres are most used, and what purposes do they serve?

“ There are a many different types of writings you’ll have to do in school but in the professional world, I usually write narrative reports. These reports are based off of my private notes. They reflect the service provided and show proof of the service.

- She continued by further explaining that these reports are separated into two categories.“There are private reports that only I examine and there are reports that are presented in court. They provide the courts with updates, referrals, and information on the patient’s progress,”

•What topics are most important to the current conversations taking place in the field? What are the “big issues” being discussed?

• “Making sure we stay on top of our training is a big issue in this field of work. We have to make sure we keep up with changes in the law and with insurance companies. Proper service and client progress are also always being discussed,”

•What are some of the most well-known publications in the field? How can I find them?

• “Psychology Today and ACS are pretty well-known. They can be found on the internet”

• As a new member of this field, what advice can you offer as far as research and writing are concerned? What do I need to do to be prepared to communicate within this discourse community?

“Explore if you want to be a professional counselor or social worker. What you write and research will depend on the area you will specialize in. Learn to work with a variety of agencies and discover how they communicate with each other. Basically, you’ll just have to talk to other professionals to determine what’s for you.”

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