Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Presentation

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Centre for Psychiatric Nursing

Psychiatric Mental Health

Nursing




Overview ofPsychiatric/Mental Health

Nursing

Outline Similarities & differences between

psychiatric nursing and other fields of

nursing

Skills & knowledge of the psychiatric nurse




Overview ofPsychiatric/mental Health

Nursing

The importance of psychiatric nursing skills

in all clinical settings

Career opportunities

Postgraduate study & endorsement

Professional affiliation




The Psychiatric/mental Health

Nurse “Mental Health Nursing is a specialised

field of nursing which focuses on meeting

the mental health needs of the consumer, inpartnership with family, significant others

and the community in any setting. It is a

specialised interpersonal processembodying a concept of caring….” (p. 3)

ANZCMHN (1995)




The Essence ofPsychiatric/mental Health

Nursing

Lies not in tasks performed or with the presentingillness but in the relationship that develops with

clients and families and their responses to theillness, including the impact that the illness has ontheir lives.

The essence is in establishing a „therapeutic partnership‟, a connectedness, between the nurseand client which is based on empathy and trust.

Elsom (2001)




Similarities & Differences

SIMILARITIES

Work in close contact with people from a wide

variety of backgrounds Provide CARE for people with a wide variety of

illnesses

Involved in health promotion and illnessprevention

Nursing philosophy of benevolence





SIMILARITIES

Education: must meet required level of

knowledge and skills to attainregistration/endorsement

Governed by the Nurses Codes –

Professional Conduct & Ethics Structure of work hours, salary, benefits




Similarities & DifferencesDIFFERENCES

Core focus of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing

Therapeutic relationship

Use of self as a therapeutic tool People-centred approach, engaging clients in

discourse, promoting change

Less task orientated

Less technical environment

Professional autonomy

Moir & Abraham (1996)





DIFFERENCES

Clinical competence based on interpersonal

techniquesStuart & Laraia (2001)

Less repetition in process & procedures due to

client individualityMoir & Abraham (1996)




Philosophy of the Profession

Each individual:

Has intrinsic worth and dignity and each

person is worthy of respect.

Has the potential to change.

Has common, basic human needs…

Varies in their coping capacities




Philosophy of the profession

Each individual(s):

Behaviour is meaningful…

Has a right to equal opportunity for

adequate health care.

Has the right to participate in decision

making regarding their care.

Has the right to self-determination…




Philosophy of the profession

The fundamental premise is:

The goal of nursing care is to promotewellness, maximise integrated

functioning….nursing care is based onmutually determined needs and expectedtreatment outcomes..

An interpersonal relationship can producechange and growth within the individual….

Stuart & Laraia (2001, p. 7)




The Knowledge, Skills &Attitudes of the

Psychiatric/mental Health Nurse

The knowledge base of the

psychiatric/mental health nurse is

grounded in the integration of the

biological, psychological, spiritual, social

and environmental realms of the human

experience.

Stuart & Laraia (2001)





Psychiatric/mental Health Nurse

Broad context of care

Requires purposeful use of self as a therapeutictool

“Knowing you, Knowing me” (Awareness of self) Barker, Jackson & Stevenson (1999)

Requires great sensitivity to the socialenvironment & advocacy needs of clients/families

Requires careful consideration of legal & ethicalissues





Psychiatric/mental Health NurseTHERAPEUTIC NURSE-CLIENT RELATIONSHIP

• Physical dimension

• Safety dimension• Social dimension

• Spiritual dimension

• Provision of treatment modalities

• Encouraging self-determination

• Provision of information

Cowman, Farrelly & Gilheany (2001)




The Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes

of the Psychiatric/mental Health

Nurse Milieu management

Assessing, planning, implementing & evaluating

care Pharmacological interventions

Documentation/Administration

Legal requirements Educating/supervision

Coordination/Multidisciplinary team member




The Importance ofPsychiatric/mental Health Nursing

Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes

In Australia, one in five persons will atsome stage in their lives, experience a

major mental illness.

Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care Services (1997)






Exposure to clients with mental health problems

or illness in any area of practice

Skills will assist the nurse to provide comfort to

clients who may be experiencing a myriad of

emotions. I.e. grief, anxiety, anger, cognitive

deficits and subsequent behaviour, and diagnosed

mental illness






Mental state assessment skills

Early intervention - reduced stays, improved

recovery rates. Improved client outcomes

Nurse more comfortable, confident in working

with clients with mental illness




Career Opportunities

Diversity within the profession

Attractive transferable skills

Consultation

Management

Education

Independent Practitioner





DIVERSITY

Public & Private Mental Health Services

In-Patient Facilities Out-patient or Day-patient Programs

Crisis Assessment & Treatment Teams

Community Teams Consultation-Liaison Mental Health Nurse





DIVERSITY Adult Acute

Community

Adult Rehabilitation Child & Adolescent

Aged Mental Health

Forensic Specialty Programs: I.e. Eating Disorders, Substance

Abuse Treatment, Cognitive Behavioural Programs,

Parent-Infant.





Career structure

Professional development

Clinical supervision

Scholarships

Graduate nurse Programs

Postgraduate Study Paid study leave




Postgraduate Study &

Endorsement Postgraduate studies in Psychiatric/Mental Health

Nursing

Graduate Diploma Graduate Certificate

Endorsement by the NBV (Where relevant)

Highly attractive to prospective employers




Professional Affiliation

Australian Collage of Mental Health Nurses

ACMHN.

Standards of Practice

Centre for Psychiatric Nursing (CPN)




Reflection

“Nurses are „traveling companions‟ with

patients, not „travel agents‟… the heart

(of nursing) is the skills and values

needed by nurses to establish and

maintain human contact with patients.”

Peck & Norman (1999)




References Australian and New Zealand Collage of Mental Health Nurses Inc.

(ANZCMHN) (1995). Standards of Practice for Mental Health Nursing in Australia Adelaide: ANZCMHN Inc.

Barker, P., Jackson, S. & Stevenson, C. (1999). What are psychiatricnurses needed for? Developing a theory of essential nursingpractice Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 6,

273-282.

Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care Services.(1997). National Mental Health Report 1996: Fourth Annual Report,Changes in Australia’s Mental Health Services under the National

Mental Health Strategy 1995-6. Canberra: Australian GovernmentPrinting Services




References Cowman, S., Farrelly, M. & Gilheany, P. (2001). An examination of

the role and function of psychiatric nurses in clinical practice inIreland Journal of Advanced Nursing 34(6 ), 745-753.

Elsom, S. (2001). The active participants in Mental Health Services.In Meadows, G. & Singh, B. (Ed.), Mental Health in Australia,Collaborative Community Practice (pp. 136-162). Melbourne:Oxford University Press.

Grigg, M. (2001) The role of the psychiatric nurse. AustralasianPsychiatry 9(2), 143-145.

Peck, E. & Norman, I. (1999). Working together in adult communitymental health services: exploring inter-professional role relations.

Journal of Mental Health 8, 231-242

Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Presentation

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