PSY 1400 Final Fiesta Project
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Transcript of PSY 1400 Final Fiesta Project
PSY 1400Final Fiesta Presentation
Megan Grace Murto
extraordinary
phenomena?
It has been reported that in the city of Kalamazoo,Michigan that a student taught her cat to sit, sit-up,and high-five using the principles of behavior...
Mulder, this is not an X-file….
Sometimes looking for extreme possibilities
makes you blind to the probable explanation right in front of you
“Yes!” Cat Treat
No “Yes!” No Cat Treat
• The pairing of the signal marker “yes!” with the presentation of the reinforcer of the cat treat
• The value-altering principle converted a neutral stimulus (“yes!”) into a learned reinforcer.
The pairing procedure: the pairing of a neutral stimulus with a
reinforcer or aversive stimulus
“Yes!” Cat Treat
No “Yes!” No Cat Treat
Skinner, I’m lost.
What is a learned reinforcer?
a learned reinforcer is a stimulus, event, or condition that is a reinforcer because it has been paired with another reinforcer.
Reinforcement Contingency
Before:
Kitty has no treat
Behavior:
Kitty
Sits
After:
Kitty has treat
the response-contingent presentation of a reinforcer resulting in an increased
frequency of that response
• Initial training began with
the use of the cat treat to
lure Kitty into the sitting
position.
• Once sitting was acquired
by guiding the response
with the treat, I would then
fade out using luring and
train the behavior by using
hand signals as the
prompt
A prompt is a supplemental
stimulus that raises the probability of a correct response
• reinforcing or punishing a response
• in the presence of one stimulus
• and extinguishing it
• or allowing it to recover
• in the presence of another stimulus.
In order to teach Kitty to discriminate between the response to sit and sit up I used a discrimination training procedure:
During the training of sitting up, I used the hand signal of an upward movement with my pointer finger as the discriminative stimulus:
• a stimulus in the presence of which
• a particular response will be reinforced or punished
SΔ
SD
Behavior:
After:
After:
Before:
discrimination training procedure
Differential-Reinforcement Procedure
reinforcing one set of responses and withholding reinforcement for another set of responses
Discrimination Training Procedure
SΔ: NO upward
movement with pointer finger
SD:upward movement with pointer finger
Behavior:
Kitty sits up
After:
No Treat
After:
Treat
Before:
No treat
Differential Reinforcement
Sit
Sit Up
Shaping with Reinforcement
the differential reinforcement of only
the behavior that more and more
closely resembles the terminal
behavior
Shaping with Reinforcement
The procedure started by reinforcing the initial behavior of Kitty sitting
› Behavior that resembles the terminal behavior along some meaningful dimension and occurs at least with a minimal frequency
the intermediate behavior of Kitty sitting up while looking up and reinforcing correct responses.
› Behavior that more closely approximates the terminal behavior
After several repetitions of this behavior I was able to begin shaping the final chain of Kitty fully sitting up on her back legs, the terminal behavior:
› behavior not in the repertoire or not occurring at the desired frequency; the goal of the intervention.
Shaping with Reinforcement
Reinforcement
Extinction
The next behavior I began training was teaching Kitty how to give a “High-Five”
◦ I started out by using the physical prompt (the trainer physically moves the trainee’s body in approximation of the desired response) by moving her paw in approximation towards my hand.
[Video]
Before:
Kitty has no treat
Behavior:
Kitty High-Five’s
After:
Kitty has treat
SΔ:
“Left”
SD:
“Right”
Behavior:
Kitty High –Five’s
After:
No Treat+
No “YES!”
After:
Treat+
“YES!”Before:
NoTreat
Before:
No Treat
Behavior:Kitty High Five’s with Right Paw
Behavior:Kitty High
Five’s with Left Paw
After:
Treat
After:
No Treat
The End!