16/05/2019

1

Martin Buchheit, PhD

FIRSTBEAT HRV SUMIIT

Elements of optimal performanceMay 13-14, 2019, Helsinki

HRV monitoring, tool or toy? Insight from the elite world

@mart1buch

A 20-years relationship with HRV

HRV?98 Msc00 Athletes01Martin

Daily for 7 yrs

02 PhD mb04 PhD 207 PhD309 PhD 411 Reviews13 PhD 516

Hypoxia Physical activityFitnessAgeingFatigue

Handball players(Youth elite and Pros)

Cyclists, Swimmers, TriathletesFootball players, Rowers

>35 papers3 reviews1 book

Science + real world with Elites

Mechanisms

LimitationsRecord. conditions

athletes n≈ 1000

HIIT Science19

rMSSD

Book and Online Course@HIITscience

5 PhDs…Hani Al Haddad, PhD #2

(France &Qatar)

Dan Plews, PhD #4(New Zealand)

Robon Thorpe, PhD #5 (UK)

Jamie Stanley, PhD #3(Australia)

Australian CyclingQatar Federation

Manchester United

Tri World Champ

Prescription

ExternalLOAD

InternalLOAD

LOAD = STRESS

on the body

INPUT

OUTPUT

IntensityVolume

PERFORMANCE

LOAD MONITORING

Ind

ivid

ual

ch

ara

cte

rist

ics

[La]

TRAINING RESPONSE

MONITORING

HRV

1. Responses to training

2. HRV-guided training

3. Practical considerations

Overview

1 2

3 4

5 6

16/05/2019

2

Buchheit et al. EJAP 2010b

Recreational adult runners

8-weeks training

5-min run every second week + daily HRV

More = better 8-weeks trainingin recreational adult runners

Buchheit et al. EJAP 2010b

More = better

Plews EJAP 2012

Elite Triathletes(NZ Champions)

Less = worse

Plews Sports Med 2013

Olympic / World Gold ChampionsRowing

More IS NOT better

Stanley IJSPP 2015

More IS NOT better

Plews 2014

Intensity distribution IT DEPENDS !!!!!!!

HIIT

LSD

7 8

9 10

11 12

16/05/2019

3

Hedman Act Physiol Scand 1995

Vagal tone vs. modulation Saturation?

Plews Sports Med 2013

rMSSD/RR

Plews Sports Med 2013

Saturation (↓rMSSD/ ↑RR)

Inc. sympathetic activity(↓rMSSD/ ↓RR)

Variability of the variability

(CV)

Buchheit EJAP 2010

Less = positive!

Plews EJAP 2012

Elite Triathletes(NZ Champions)

Less = negative

Variability of the

variability (CV)

• Buchheit (2010) in elite youth soccer: lower CV = greater fitness

• Plews (2012) in elite triathletes: lower CV = maladaptation

• Flatt (2017) in college swimmers: CV increases = + response

• Flatt (2017) in college women soccer: CV inc. = + response

• Flatt in R7 (2018): low CV →better adaptation !!!!

CV….

13 14

15 16

17 18

16/05/2019

4

2. HRV-guided training

Hautala et al. Clin Physiol 2001

Holt 2018, HIIT Science

Responses to HIIT sessions (rowing)•5 x 10 min, 4 min rest (threshold session)•5 x 3.5 min, 4 min rest (long interval HIIT)•10 x 30 s, 5 min rest (sprint interval training)

HIIT

Holt 2018, HIIT Science

Stanley Sports Med 2013

Low-intensity HIIT

Threshold-intensity

Stanley Sports Med 2013

19 20

21 22

23 24

16/05/2019

5

Stanley Sports Med 2013

Pro Handball players

HRV-guided training

Kiviniemi et al. EJAP 2007

Kiviniemi et al. EJAP 2007MSSE 2009In Stanley Sports Med 2013

Javaloyes IJSPP 2019

Nuutilla IJSM 2017

HRV-guided training leads to greater perf improvements

Data selection/collectionWeek averageRandom day of the week

Plews EJAP 2013

Race day

Race day

Race dayRace day

Race day

Race day

Plews IJSPP 2014

Week averageRandom day of the week

Data selection/collection

*

Triathletes: Baseline to Overload

Number of days of Ln rMSSD is averaged

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Sta

nda

rdis

ed

diffe

ren

ces

-1.0

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Lik

ely

R2 = 0.92

Lik

ely

Very

likely

Lik

ely

Lik

ely

Lik

ely

Uncle

ar

Triathletes: Overload to Taper

Number of days of Ln rMSSD is averaged

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Uncle

ar

Uncle

ar

Uncle

ar

Uncle

ar

Uncle

ar

Uncle

ar

Uncle

ar

R2= 0.05

Recreational Runners: Week 1 to Week 9

Number of days of Ln rMSSD is averaged

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Alm

ost c

erta

in

Alm

ost c

erta

in

Alm

ost c

erta

in

Lik

ely

Very

likely

Uncle

ar

Lik

ely

R2= 0.46

*

Plews IJSPP 2014

Data selection/collection

25 26

27 28

29 30

16/05/2019

6

Versterinen MSSE 2016

3. Practical considerations

Utra-Trail

Buchheit Frontiers 2014

170 km

Player #11

Player #1

Week 3 Week 4

Adapted from Thorpe IJSPP 2015

Buchheit EJAP 2012

HRV sensitivity is performance-specific

3-Month period

Buchheit Frontiers 2014

When to use HR measures?Type of sport

Limited usefulness of

HR(V) monitoring

Team sports Individual sports

Once a week< Once a week

Limited usefulness of

HR(V) monitoring

HRex

Daily to ≥3 /week Once a week

Resting HRV

rMSSD

Daily

< Once a week

Limited usefulness of

HR(V) monitoring

High metabolic componentHigh training volume

Neuromuscular andCognitive function as the

main determinants

Once a week

HRex HRex

31 32

33 34

35 36