PROTOTYPE OF POWER LINE INTERFACE SOCKET USING ...

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PROTOTYPE OF POWER LINE INTERFACE SOCKET USING EMBEDDED

CONTROLLER FOR DATA ACQUISITION AND CONTROL.

LAI CHING HUAT

This Report Is Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Bachelor Degree

of Electronic Engineering (Computer Engineering)

Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering

Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

June 2012

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UNIVERSTI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK DAN KEJURUTERAAN KOMPUTER

BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS LAPORAN

PROJEK SARJANA MUDA II

Tajuk Projek :

PROTOTYPE OF POWER LINE INTERFACE SOCKET USING EMBEDDED CONTROLLER FOR DATA ACQUISITION AND CONTROL.

Sesi Pengajian : 1 1 / 1 2

Saya LAI CHING HUAT mengaku membenarkan Laporan Projek Sarjana Muda ini disimpan di Perpustakaan dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut: 1. Laporan adalah hakmilik Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka.

2. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja.

3. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan laporan ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi

pengajian tinggi.

4. Sila tandakan ( √ ) :

SULIT* *(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau kepentingan Malaysia seperti yang termaktub di dalam AKTA RAHSIA RASMI 1972)

TERHAD** **(Mengandungi maklumat terhad yang telah ditentukan oleh organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan)

TIDAK TERHAD

Disahkan oleh:

__________________________ ___________________________________ (TANDATANGAN PENULIS) (COP DAN TANDATANGAN PENYELIA)

Tarikh: ……………………….. Tarikh: ………………………..

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“I hereby declare that this report is the result of my own work expect for quotes as cited

in the references.”

Signature : …………………………………………

Name : …………………………………………

Date : …………………………………………

LAI CHING HUAT

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“I hereby declare that I have read this project report and in my own opinion this project

report is sufficient in terms of the scope and quality for the award of Bachelor of

Electronic Engineering (Computer Engineering) With Honuurs.”

Signature : ………………………………………………….

Name : ………………………………………………….

Date : ………………………………………………….

EN.MAZRAN BIN ESRO

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Dedicated to my beloved family especially my parent, lecturers and all of my friends

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, I would like to express my greatest gratitude and sincere thanks to

my final year project supervisor, Mr. Mazran Bin Esro for his guidance and assists to

complete my final year project. He does give me a lot of advice and guide me to the

correct path of finishing my project.

Next, I would like to express my thankfulness for who have assisted and guided

me during the development and research of this final year project. Especially thanks for

those who that had provide the useful information and consultancy during

commencement of this project.

Last but not least, I would like to appreciate and thanks to all my family

members for their continuous encouragement and financial support. They had always

give me all of the support during completion of my final year project.

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ABSTRAK

Pada masa kini, pasaran kita telah dipenuhi dengan produk-produk yang serba

guna dan innovatif dengan kemajuan penyelidikan teknologi. Kesemua ciptaan produk

ini mempunyai satu matlamat iaitu membawa kehidupan yang lebih selesa dan

menyenangkan kepada manusia. Tujuan projek ini adalah menreka cipta satu soket

elektrik yang dapat beroperasi dengan bijaksana dengan bantuan teknologi komunikasi

kuasa modem iaitu ia akan dapat mengawal pelbagai alat elektrik di rumah tanpa wayar.

Selain itu, projek ini turut menpunyai satu sistem yang direka cipta untuk mendapatkan

maklumat seperti masa dan tarikh socket dibuka, berapa lama socket dah dibuka dan

lain-lain. Prototype ini dapat memberikan keselesaan kepada orang ramai dengan ciptaan

sistem yang dapat mengawal alatan elektrik di rumah dari jauh dan juga menjimatkan

kos pengguna dimana pendawaian adalah tidak diperlukan di sini. Prototaip ini

menggunakan konsep “Senang dipakai” dimana pengguna hanya perlu memasukkan

socket alat elektrik ke dalam socket yang direka cipta.

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ABSTRAK

Nowadays, there are a lot of innovation products in the market through the

development of the advance technology. Those products are all having the same goal

which is bringing people to the better and comfortable life. The purpose of this project is

to design a power socket which behave and operate smartly via the power line

communication technology. The title of the project is “prototype of power line interface

socket using embedded controller for data acquisition and control” where a power socket

prototype is being developed. Besides that, control systems will also being develop in

order to control and obtain the operation detail of the socket such as date and time. PIC

18F4550 microcontroller has playing the role as main source to control the power socket

via the power line modem in the project. No more additional wire just plugs and use,

easy to use and install, one power socket provide power and communication needed are

all the purpose of the implementation of this project.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER DESCRIPTION

PAGE

PROJECT TITLE i

CONFIRMATION REPORT STATUS ii

DECLARATION iii

SUPERVISOR CONFIRMATION iv

DEDICATION v

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT vi

ABSTRAK vii

ABSTRACT viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ix

LIST OF TABLE xii

LIST OF FIGURE xiii

LIST OF ABBREVIATION xv

LIST OF APPENDIXE

xvi

I INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Problem Statement 2

1.3 Project Objective 3

1.4 Scope of Work 3

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1.5 Methodology

1.6 Project Expected Outcome

1.7 Thesis Structure

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4

4

II LITERATURE REVIEW

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2.1 Introduction 5

2.2 Lightning Management System (Infrared) 5

2.3 A Passive RF for Remote Power Control 7

2.4 The Information Home Appliances Control System 8

2.5 Power Line Modem 9

2.5.1 Link Sprite Smart Outlet System 10

2.5.2 Specification 11

2.5.3 Embedded power line modem ATL 90115-1 12

2.2.1 PLC Configuration 10

2.2.2 Basic PLC Schema 10

III METHODOLOGY

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3.1 Introduction 13

3.1.1 Project Planning 13

3.1.2 Literature Review 14

3.1.3 Working on the project 14

3.1.4 Troubleshooting 14

3.1.5 Finishing 15

3.2 Flow chart diagram 16

IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION

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4.1 Introduction 18

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4.2 Hardware 19

4.2.1 Power line modem ATL 90115 19

4.2.2 Power Line Interface Socket PCB Layout 21

4.2.3 Power Line Interface Socket Circuit 22

4.2.4 Power Line Interface Socket prototype

4.3 Software

4.3.1 Power Line Interface Socket Control Panel

4.4 Power Line Interface Socket Experimental Result

4.4.1 Distance Based Result

4.4.2 Miniature Circuit Breaker Based Result

4.5 Discussion

4.6 Second Version of Power Line Interface Socket

4.7 Comparison of current existing system with prototype

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24

24

27

28

31

33

33

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V CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

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5.1 Conclusion 36

5.2 Future Improvement

36

REFERENCE 37

APPENDIXE A 38

APPENDIXE B 44

APPENDIXE C 51

APPENDIXE D 54

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LIST OF TABLE

NO TITLE

PAGE

2.0

2.1

2.2

4.0

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

Comparison between Infrared and power line communcation

Comparison between radio frequency and power line

communication

Comparison between bluetooth and power line communication

Time needed to receive signal via power line

Explanation of figure 4.5 labeling


Distance Based Experiment Result

Miniature Circuit Breaker Based Experiment Result


Comparison of existing system with prototype

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7

8

20

22

25

28

31

34

34

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LIST OF FIGURE

NO TITLE

PAGE

2.0 IIR 1 and IIR 2 connection circuit 6

2.1 RF Power switch ASIC remote control circuit 7

2.2 transmitter module 8

2.3 Receiver module 8

2.4 Link sprite smart outlet system 10

2.5 Embedded PLC Modem ATL90115-1 11

3.0 Flow chart diagram (i) 16

3.1 Flow Chart Diagram (ii) 17

4.0 Block diagram of power line communication and PIC 16F877A 19

4.1 Power line Modem ATL 90115 19

4.2 Ways of testing power line modem 20

4.3 Power Line Interface Socket Receiver PCB Layout 21

4.4 Power Line Interface Socket Transceiver PCB Layout 21

4.5 Power Line Interface Socket Receiver Circuit 22

4.6 Power Line Interface Socket Prototype 23

4.7 Power Line Interface Socket Prototype 24

4.8 Microsoft Visual Basic 2010 Software 24

4.9 Power Socket Control Interface 25

4.10 On/Off button coding 26

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4.11 Com Port coding 26

4.12 Timer coding 27

4.13 Experimental Workstation 27

4.14 Distance versus no of attempts chart 29

4.15 20 meter transmission 29




4.19 DB-G1/P-Y9 MCB Transmissions 31

4.20 DB-11/P-R10 MCB Transmissions 32

4.21

4.22

4.23

4.24

DB-21/P-Y1 MCB Transmissions

DB-31/P-B2 MCB Transmissions

Second Version of Power Line Interface Socket

Second version prototype operation flows

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32

33

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LIST OF ABBREVIATION

PLC Power Line Modem

MCB Miniature Circuit Breaker

DB Distribution Board

VB 2010 Microsoft Visual Basic 2010

PIC Peripheral Interface Controller

COM PORT Communication Port

IRR Infrared Receiver

RF Radio Frequency

MCU Microcontroller Unit

UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter

PCB

FSK

Printed circuit board

Frequency Shift Keying

TTL Transistor-transistor Logic

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LIST OF APPENDIXE

NO TITLE

PAGE

APPENDIX A PIC Code 38

APPENDIX B Microsoft Visual Basic 2010 Code 44

APPENDIX C RS-232 Connection and Circuit Diagram 51

APPENDIX D Embedded Power Line Modem ATL 90115-1 Datasheet 54

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Overview of the project

Nowadays, controlling remotely through home network is becoming important

for electrical home appliances in order to provide a better and comfortable life. In this

project, power line communication (PLC) technology has been used where power line is

utilized as communication cable in order to form a home network that can be remotely

controlled. Power Line Communication (PLC) carries out a high speed data transmission

through power lines. A simple wireless network can be constructed with advantage of

stable data transmission, and this type of network is gradually receiving growing

attention. [1] Power line communication is suitable as the communication medium in the

home network compared to other mediums because it can be easily installed in an

existing residence and do not need new cabling.

In this project a no new wire embedded system have been develop to control and

monitor the power socket. For the hardware part, power line modem and PIC

microcontroller have been used to build a power line controller socket. Power line

modem is used to form a network through the existing power line grid while PIC

microcontroller is used as the controller to control any domestic product which is

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plugged into the socket. For the software part, a control and monitor system using

Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 will be developed in order to monitor and control this

power line socket. Once the domestic product have been plugged into the power line

socket, then user can be able to control and monitor the domestic product through the

system, for example turning ON/OFF the appliances, setting timer for ON/OFF

application. The system is also able to provide details on the duration where the socket

has been in use. Those electrical appliances which functions with network monitoring

and controlling capabilities do not require any network re-layout. [2]

1.2 Objective

The main objectives of this final year project are:

i. To establish a communication between power line modem, PIC, and

domestic devices using existing AC power line.

ii. To control any domestic that plug into the PLC Power control outlet socket

remotely.

iii. To design a Power control outlet socket.

1.3 Problem Statement

Current home appliances do not have the capabilities where they can be

remotely controlled, thus, it needs the users to manually activate the appliances

before they can be used. This conventional method may not be convenient for the

disabled/handicapped as they are not capable of moving around in a normal manner

where the power socket placed at certain heights can be real troublesome. Apart

from that, existing power lines are not fully utilized if it just functions as power

supply. In current technology, existing power line grids are able to form

communication network. This communication can then be fully utilized for various

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purposes, for example monitoring and controlling electrical appliances in our house.

Nowadays, new installation of wireless technology involves complicated procedures

and expensive cost, which makes the idea of smart house unpopular in the society.

But now, with the existence of power line communication, everyone is able to enjoy

the benefits of wireless technology with a lower cost. The limitation posed by power

socket such as cost and space can be eliminated too.

1.4 Scope of Work

1. Familiar with the operation of power line modem and establish the

communication

2. Establish the communication between power line modem and PIC 16F877A.

3. PIC 16F877A is use as controller to switch on the devices.

4. Design control interface by using Microsoft Visual Basic 2010.

5. Design and built an AC power socket prototype.

1.5 Methodology

This project contains two components which are the hardware and software

components. On the hardware part, the power line transmission function needed to be

developed with the pic microcontroller in order to control appliances through power

line. Interfacing of power line modem with pic microcontroller is the main part of the

hardware while the software part requires designing a control system panel that is

able to interact with the hardware. Microsoft Visual basic 2010 software has been

chosen in this project to design the control interface and serial communication is used

to connect the prototype with the control interface. All the operation of the prototype

with control interface is using the serial port communication.

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1.6 Project Expected Outcome

The basic communication through power line will be established and the PIC

controller will be able to control any electric appliances that plug in to the power line

interface socket. Besides that, one control and monitor system is being develop and

able to control and monitor the power line interface socket by the help of RS-232.

The system is able to control ON/OFF of the domestic product, provide the detail data

like date and time of the socket being ON/OFF to user.

1.7 Thesis Structure

Chapter 1: This chapter will introduce the brief idea of the project where it will

cover the objectives, problem statement, scope and the project outcome.

Chapter 2: This chapter will be discussing the project background. The method,

theory and concept are briefly explained in this chapter.

Chapter 3: This chapter will discuss on the methodology of the project. It will

discuss on the method that will be carried out in order to complete this project

like research, reading and other.

Chapter 4: All the simulation, result and collection of the data and analysis will

be presented in this chapter.

Chapter 5: This chapter will discuss the details about the discussion and

summarize the project achievement. It also includes the conclusion and

recommendation that can be taken for the future improvement of this project.

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CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

This chapter will discuss on other remote control project method such as infrared,

radio frequency and Bluetooth. Those projects will be reviewed and comparison with

this power line communication project will be made. Besides that, the comparison of

different power line modem and PIC will also be included in this chapter.

2.2 Lightning Management System (Infrared)

From the reviewed paper, the author wrote that infrared technology is being

used as switch in the home to switch on light. Through this, user need to point on the

infrared receiver (IRR1) to the wall that is mounted with timer, from there IRR1 then

only will transfer the logic ‗1‘ to another module IRR 2 that connects with the load. The

figure below is showing the overall concept of the project. [3]

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Figure 2.0: IIR 1 and IIR 2 connection circuit

From the above project, a comparison has been made with the power line

communication in order to see which technology is suitable as remote control medium

inside the project[3]. Table 2.1 is showing the characteristic of two project.

Table 2.0 Comparison between Infrared and power line communcation

Infrared Power line communication

Use infrared as remote control

technology

Use power line communication modem

as remote control

Involve with complicated of setup

procedure.

Involve with easy setup procedure

because there is no more new wire

installing.

Need point on to the receiver at the

nearest disctance in order to turn ON

the light.

Just a simple touch button in the

computer in order to turn ON the

equipment. Able to control in the

distance of 300m

Use LED light as indicator Having one control system interface to

indicate the status.

Not having controller inside the project Having PIC 16F4550 controller in the

project

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2.3 A Passive RF Receiving and Power Switch ASIC for Remote Power Control

with Zero Stand-by Power. (RF)

Figure 2.1: RF Power switch ASIC remote control circuit

The literature paper state that the project is using wireless radio frequency (RF)

and power switch ASIC to switch on the load. This project is having one main attractive

function which is having zero standby power. [4]

Table 2.1 Comparison between radio frequency and power line communication

Radio Frequency (RF) Power line communication

Use radio frequency as remote control

technology


as remote control


procedure.



installing.

Need point on to the receiver at the

nearest disctance in order to on the

light.

Just a simple touch button in the

computer in order to on the equipment.

Able to control in the distance of 300m

Use ASIC to control on/off Use PIC18F4550 to control on/off

Less of monitoring and control system Having one systematic monitoring and

control system

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2.4 Project 3: The Information Home Appliances Control System – A Bluetooth

Universal Type Remote Control (Bluetooth)

This project is work on the bluetooth remote control that able to control any

household appliances. The bluetooth range here can be reach till 100m with the addition

of antena. There will be two module developed in this project which is transmitter and

receiver. In the transmitter module is included keyboard, MCU and bluetooth module

while the receiver module comprise bluetooth module, MCU and load. The overall

concept can be shown at figure below. [5]

Figure 2.2: transmitter module

Figure 2.3: Receiver module

Table 2.2 Comparison between bluetooth and power line communication

Bluetooth Power line communication

Use bluetooth as remote control

technology


as remote control


procedure.



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