Protists & Fungi
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Transcript of Protists & Fungi
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Protists & Fungi
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Kingdom Protista – Characteristics
Single or many celled Live in moist or wet
surroundings Eukaryotic Plant-like, animal-like,
or fungus-like Reproduce asexually or
sexually Important food source
for other organisms
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Plant-Like Protists Known as Algae Single or many celled Contain chlorophyll Make their own food
(like plants) Many have cell walls Used in pudding, ice
cream, salad dressing, cheese spreads, mayonnaise, and toothpaste
Red Tide
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Animal-Like Protists
Known as Protozoa Single celled No cell wall Classified by how they move
Cilia (Ciliates) Flagella (Flagellates) Psuedopod (Amoeba)
Specialized vacuoles for digesting food
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Animal-like Protists
Important source of food
Sporozoans are parasites Malaria carried by
Anopheles Mosquito African Sleeping
Sickness
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To Review
The protozoa that move with tiny threadlike structuresA. Amoeba
B. Ciliate
C. Flagellates
D. Sporozoans
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To Review
The protozoa that move with flagella.A. Amoeba
B. Ciliate
C. Flagellates
D. Sporozoans
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To Review
The protozoa that move with a pseudopodA. Amoeba
B. Ciliate
C. Flagellates
D. Sporozoans
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Fungus-Like Protists
1. Slime Molds Move by pseudopods (like amoebas) in part of life
cycle Reproduce with spores (like fungi) Live on decaying logs or dead leaves in moist, shady
woods Brightly colored http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GScyw3ammmk
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Fungus-Like Protists
2. Water Molds and Downy Mildews Live in water or moist places Fuzzy white growths Reproductive cells (spores)
with flagella Grows as a mass over an
organism, digests it, and absorbs nutrients (decomposes)
Many are parasites
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Fungus-Like Protists
Help break down dead organisms
Can cause disease in aquatic organisms
Infect crops Downy mildews:
Irish potato famine (1840s)
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Kingdom Fungi Overview
Molds, mildews, rusts, smuts, yeasts, and mushrooms
Saprophytic or parasitic Importance to humans:
Yeasts are useful in the
making of bread and
fermented drinks. Some parasitic fungi are actually human pathogens,
causing athlete’s foot and ringworm Nature’s recyclers
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Characteristics
Do not make own food
No leaves or roots Many cells Hyphae – threadlike
mass of tubes that make up the body of a fungus Secretes enzymes
to digest food
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Characteristics
Most feed on dead tissues (saprophytic)
Live in warm, humid areas
Spores = reproductive cells that form new organisms without fertilization
Classified by their reproductive structure
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Club Fungi
1. Basidiomycota Basidium is where
spores are produced In gills of mushroom Importance:
Rusts and smuts destroy crops
Cultivated mushrooms for eating
NEVER EAT A WILD MUSHROOM
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Sac Fungi 2. Ascomycota
Morels, yeasts, molds, truffles
Spores produced in an ascus
Ascospores are released when the tip of an ascus breaks open
Can destroy plant crops Dutch Elm disease Apple Scab Ergot Disease of Rye
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Sac Fungi
Yeast (single celled) Can reproduce by budding
Asexual reproduction New organism grows off of parent
Used in baking Use sugar to produce alcohol and CO2
CO2 causes bread to rise
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Zygote Fungi
3. Zygomycota Fuzzy black mold on
bread, fruit Produce spores in round
spore cases called sporangia on tips of hyphae
Releases 100s of spores into the air
Will grow into mold if it lands where there is enough moisture
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Imperfect Fungi
4. Deuteromycota Sexual stage has never been observed
When it is observed they are immediately put into one of the three groups
Penicillium = penicillin (antibiotic) Ringworm Athlete’s Foot
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Lichens
Made of fungus and green alga or a cyanobacterium
Symbiotic relationship (both benefit) Alga get moist,
protected living space; fungus gets food
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Lichens Importance: Food source for animals Release acids that aid in
erosion & soil is formed Used to monitor
pollution levels Increase in lichens = no
pollution Decrease in lichens =
increase in pollution
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To Review
Thread-like tubes that make up the body of a fungusA. Spores
B. Hyphae
C. Roots
D. Leaves
E. Scaffolding
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To Review
The club fungi have their sporesA. In an Ascus
B. In a basidum
C. In sporangia on tips of hyphae
D. In a bud
E. We have never observed their sexual stage
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To Review
The sac fungi have their sporesA. In an Ascus
B. In a basidum
C. In sporangia on tips of hyphae
D. In a bud
E. We have never observed their sexual stage
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To Review
The zygote fungi have their sporesA. In an ascus
B. In a basidum
C. In sporangia on tips of hyphae
D. In a bud
E. We have never observed their sexual stage
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To Review
The imperfect fungi have their sporesA. In an ascus
B. In a basidum
C. In sporangia on tips of hyphae
D. In a bud
E. We have never observed their sexual stage