PROTESTANTS/CATHOLICS

• Surprisingly agreed that the separation of Church and State would lead to the secularization of society.

• For BOTH religions, a connection grew between religious heresy & economic dislocation

Lutherans - Protestants

• Protestant doctrines of the priesthood of all believers raises religious status of laypeople and provides greater income for city treasuries

• Tried to balance popular religious ideas with the aims of political authority

Calvininsts• Predestination- God has

already decided who would be saved/damned

• God is total power, humanity is total weakness

• Instead of focusing on the negative legacy of this, Calvinists believed in the redemptive work of Christ

• An energizing dynamic, becomes focused on work-ethic

• The most widely exported Reformation religion around the world

Legacy of Calvin/Calvinism

Becomes model for:1. Presbyterians in Scotland2. Huguenots in France 3. Puritan Churches in England 4. Puritan Churches in New England

RADICAL REFORMATION

• Rejected ideas that Church and State need to be united, sought to create a voluntary community of believers

• Groups include Anabaptists, and later on Quakers, Baptists and Congregationalists

• Directly tied to the SEPARATION of Church and State in the U.S.A. today

• Severely condemned/murdered by Catholics, Protestants & Politicians (Germans/Swiss)