Protein turnover. Biosynthesis of a mino acids Léránt István.

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Protein turnover. Biosynthesis of amino acids Léránt István

Transcript of Protein turnover. Biosynthesis of a mino acids Léránt István.

Page 1: Protein turnover. Biosynthesis of a mino acids Léránt István.

Protein turnover.Biosynthesis of amino acids

Léránt István

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Biosynthesis of amino acidsN – NH4

+

C – glycolysis, PPP, citric acid cycle

L-amino acid / D –amino acid

Proteinogen amino acids 20 (22)

Essential amino acids

Non essential amino acids

COOH

C

R1

HNH2

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OHNADPGlutamateHNADPHNH ateketoglutar 24

NADPH – L-Glutamate

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OHNADPGlutamateHNADPHNH ateketoglutar 24

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Glutamine synthetase

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Synthesis of amino acidsOrigin of C•Intermedier of glycolysis•Intermedier of PPP•Intermedier of citric acid cycle

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BIOSYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDS

• alpha-ketoacid à alpha-amino acid

AspAlaGlu

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SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDSAspAlaGlu

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

NH3

+

O

NH4

+ OH2

alpha-ketoglutarate L-glutamate

NAD/P/H + H+ NAD/P/H+

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SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDS

• Transamination• Deamination• Decarboxylation • Glycogen-glucose

PLP – Vitamin B6

N+

NH2

OHO

PO

OH OH

Pyridoxaminphosphate

N+

O

OHO

PO

OH OH

Pyridoxalphosphate

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SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDSProlineArginine

Glutamate

Glutamate-g-semialdehyde

Proline Arginine

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SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDSProlinArginin

Glutamate

Glutamate-g-semialdehyde

Proline Ornitine

Arginine

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SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDSSerGlycolysis intermedier: 3-P-glycerateTransaminationDephosphorylation

Ser: precursor of Gly & Cys

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SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDSSerSer: precursor of Gly & Cys OH O

NH3

+

O

O

NH3

+

O

Methylen-H4-folátH4-folát

Ser Gly

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SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDSSerSer: precursor of Gly & Cys

Ser + homocysteine (Met)

Cystationine

Alpha-ketobutyrate + cysteine

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FOLIC ACID – C1FoliumSpinach

15 mg / adultsMainly - liver

• Vitamin B9, Vitamin M• Vitamin B9 deficiency• megaloblastic anaemia

– Neurological symptoms peripherial neuropathy myelopathy

– vegetative disturbance• psychiatric disturbance

– depression– insomnia– irritability– forgetfulness

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