Protectionand control

HV/MV substationSepam

2 HV/MV substation

Protection and control of HV/MV substations consistsof getting optimum availability to provide customerswith high quality, cost-effective and safe energy.

To meet this objective, it is necessary to use anefficient, coherent system which is capable of:c continuously monitoring the electrical equipment,c activating the appropriate system protection andcontrol devices.

The original feature of the Sepam range integratedsystem is that it provides a global solution forsubstation protection, monitoring and control needs.

The Sepam range is especially suitable for HV/MVsubstations with the following typical configuration:c 8 HV breaker bays, SF6 gas (GIS) or air (AIS)insulated switchgear in both indoor or outdoor,with single or double busbar arrangement,c 3 HV/MV transformers,c MV cubicles.

Major advantagesThanks to the judicious use of digital technologies, the Sepam range offersadvantages that are a deciding factor in the choice of a protection and controlsystem.

Global cost reductionThe integration of all the functions needed for system protection and control offerssubstantial advantages such as more rational operation, optimized performanceand better service for a reduced overall cost.

Reduction of the cost of:c design: by the choice of units that are ready to use, without requiring detailedengineering work,c installation: by the integration of auxiliary relays, measuring instrumentsand etc…, and by a drastic reduction of auxiliary wiring,c commissioning: by simple parametring and testing,c operation: by remote control and improved access to more complete monitoringinformation,c maintenance: by the reduction of preventive maintenance.

Feedback on the experience acquired with the large number of Sepam in operationsince 1992 confirms the satisfaction of users.

AvailabilityThe use of extensive self-testing and self-diagnosis procedures allows wide-rangemonitoring of the devices. Users are continuously informed of operating status,which means they can take immediate and efficient action in the event of a failure.The risk of running a system with faulty protection is substantially lowered.Periodic testing is no longer essential.

DependabilityExtensive dependability and reliability calculations have been carried out.They show that the failure rate, and therefore the risk of a breakdown,due to mis operation is minimized by using an integrated solution.

SimplicityRequires only simple parameter setting (calibration of the current and voltagetransformers, and entry of general information on the distribution system).

FlexibilityThe flexibility makes it suitable for all possible types of substations,and specificaly adapted for modernization of existing ones.

3HV/MV substation

Mastery of digital techniquesAll protection and control devices must:c supply optimal service in the best safety and availability conditions,c ensure dependable operation in the highly disturbed electrical environmentsfound in substations.

To achieve these objectives, the development of Sepam called for substantialimplementation of expertise and means of investigation in the following mainareas:c electrical phenomena, transient operation,c signal processing,c protection algorithms,c electromagnetic compatibility (EMC),c dependability, reliability,c communication networks.

During the design phase, dependability studies (FMECA)(1) were carried outto determine the hardware and software architectures, considerably improvingavailability and operating security.

All the studies were performed in accordance with a stringent quality plan.A large number of qualification tests were performed in a special protection testinglaboratory (Kirchhoff laboratory).Protection functions are tested in the laboratory by simulating the phenomena(EMTP)(2) as they appear in electrical distribution systems.

Sepam an industrial productEach subassembly is based on standard hardware for which the design andmanufacturing process is ISO 9001 certified and which includes a burn-in cycleand exhaustive in situ and functional factory tests. The sturdy metallic cases andoutstanding electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) allow the products to be used inhighly disturbed substation environments without requiring any special precautionsto be taken.

Sepam well-mastered technology

(1) FMECA: Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis.(2) EMTP: Electromagnetic Transient Program.

Electromagnetic compatibilitytesting in an anechoic chamber.

Kirchhoff protection testinglaboratory.

Sepam in a climatic burn-inchamber.

Sepam in testing.

Sepam in final test.

4 HV/MV substation

All applicationsThe Sepam range is a set of digital protection andcontrol units which have the capacity to fulfil all typesof substation applications:c incoming feeders,c outgoing feeders,c transformers,c busbar coupling,c capacitors banks.

The appropriate Sepam may be chosenby simply examining the selection tables showingthe functions available for each application.

Each Sepam is an optimized solution in termsof functions, performance and price.

This principle makes it possible to incorpore economical busbar protection,or to set shorter protection time delay upstream than downstream,and still maintain tripping discrimination.

It means that Sepam can efficiently meet the protection and control needsof substations and high voltage distribution systems up to 250 kV.

Sepam 2000 has a large control and monitoring capacity, provided by its built-inPLC and interface for communication with a remote monitoring and control systemor another centralized control system. Integrated program logic substantiallyreduces auxiliary relays and the associated wiring.

Sepam 2000 replaces measuring instruments such as ammeters, voltmeters,wattmeters, energy meters, etc. It displays alarm and operating messages relatedto the protection functions and program logic systems, thereby eliminatingthe many indicator lamps previously found on installations.

The front of the device includes:c a lighted alphanumerical display, visible from several meters away,c keys to select the measurement to be displayed and to acknowledge messages.As a security feature, these keys do not give access to the protection settings,c 3 lights:v “trip” (tripping by the protective relays),v “circuit breaker open”,v “circuit breaker closed”,c a green light indicating the presence of "auxiliary power supply",c a red light indicating malfunctions and relay fail-safe position (watchdog),c a door for access to:v the TSM 2001 pocket terminal socket,v the removable cartridge that contains the different programs required for Sepamoperation. This allows an easier maintenance, all programs and settings have beenstored independently to the Sepam hardware.

The available data as well as Sepam 's remote control capacity enable it to beintegrated in an energy management system. Sepam 2000 reports to the controlroom so the user is immediately informed of any occurrence and has theinformation necessary at his disposal to take the appropriate measures withoutleaving the control room.

Sepam is designed to accommodate a choice of communication protocol modules:c Mod-Bus - RS485, IEC 870-S-103…

Easy operationIt is easy to read measurements, enter settings, modify operating conditionsand review maintenance information such as "fault current", "number of c.b.operations", etc.Access to the protection function settings is protected by a password.

Sepam 2000 is simple to read and set using:c the TSM 2001 pocket terminal. The pocket terminal is equipped with a keyboard,a 4-line display (20 characters per line) and a menu system,c SFT 2801Using a portable computer the SFT 2801 software allows,v setting of the connected Sepam,v print-out of all parameters,v fault record analysis.

Disturbance recordingSepam 2000 has a high performing disturbance recording function. It is used torecord analog signals (current/voltage) and logic states during a time interval whichincludes the disturbance. Sepam 2000 also has a graphical wave form recoverysoftware package for the analysis and uses of the data (SFT 2826).

Simple setting with the TSM 2001 pocket terminal.

Simple setting with PC and the SFT 2801 software.

All functionsEach Sepam includes all the protection, meteringcontrol, monitoring and annunciation functionsrequired for its assigned application. The functionshave very wide setting ranges, all types of curves,and can therefore fit into any protection system.The choice of functions offered in each Sepam typeis the result of the engineering, experience andexpertise of Schneider specialists who are confronteddaily with the challenge of developing electricalequipment projects.

In addition, the “logic discrimination ” functionmakes it possible to further lower tripping timewhen a fault occurs, whatever the time discriminationintervals and the type of curve (definite time or IDMT).

Sepam 2000 stores all the parameters and settings in its non volatile memory.In the event of an auxiliary power supply failure, they are saved and retrievedas soon as the power is restored.

5HV/MV substation

Example of application

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6 HV/MV substation

Protection and controlsystem architectureprinciplesThe organization of layouts and relations betweenfunctions is adapted to suit the power single-linediagram:c by bay for the HV part of the substations(circuit breaker, disconnectors, earthing switches)c by cubicle for the MV part of the substation.

HV bayThe operating requirements of HV equipment lead to a distinction being madebetween the following:c operating monitoring and control, on the one hand,c network protection in the other,they are inclued in different products and the definition of their interfaces.

This results in independent functions (e.g. the failure of a monitoring functiondoes not affect the protection functions).

Operation monitoring and control of the bay.The following functions are performed by the Bay Controller:c control mimic diagram,c annunciation,c metering,c alarms,c prevention against dangerous operations :v interlocking (disconnector, circuit breaker, earthing switch),v synchro-check.c switchgear diagnostics.

Protection of the electrical networkThey are performed by protection Sepams or other devices:c distance protection,c transformer differential protection ,c overcurrent protection,c directional protection,c voltage protection,c breaker failure protection reclosing without or without synchro-check,c busbar differential protection.

AvailabiityIn downgraded mode, circuit breaker control may be performed by theprotection Sepam (Lxx, Bxx, Txx, according to the type of bay) withoutor without synchro-check.

MV cubicleThe control, monitoring and protection functions are grouped together inan optimized multifunctional unit.

7HV/MV substation

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Example of architecture

8 HV/MV substation

HV lines(1), and HV busbars application

functions ANSI Sepam 2000 HV lines HV busbars Sepam

code L60 L61 L62 L63 L64 L65 L66 L67 L00 B61 B62 B63 B00 100 LD

protection

breaker failure 50BF/62 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

phase overcurrent 50/51 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

earth fault 50N/51N 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

directional overcurrent 67 1 1

directional earth fault 67N 1 1 1 1

undervoltage 27 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1/1*

overvoltage 59 1 1 1 1/1*

neutral voltage displacement 59N 1 1

recloser 79 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

synchro check 25 1 1 1 1 1 1

underfrequency 81 4 4

differential protection 87B 1(2)

metering

phase current (I1, I2, I3) c c c c c c c c c c c cpeak demand phase current (I1, I2, I3) c c c c c c c c c c c cvoltage (U21, U32, U13) c c c c/c* c c/c* c c/c*

real and reactive power (P, Q) c c c c c cpower peak demand c c c c c cpower factor c c c c c cfrequency c c c c c c c creal and reactive energy c c c c c ctripping currents (I1, I2, I3, Io) c c c c c c c c c c ctrue rms current c c c c c c c c c c c cdisturbance recording c c c c c c c c c c c cresidual current c c c c c c c c c c cresidual voltage c c c c c ccumulative breaking current c c c c c c c c c c ccontrol and monitoring

trip / reclose c c c c c c c c c c(3) c(3) c(3) c(3)

lockout relay 86 c c c c c c c c c c c c cinhibit closing 69 c c c c c c c c c c c c cannunciation 30 c c c c c c c c c c c c cfault recorder triggering c c c c c c c c c c c cdisturbance recording c c c c c c c c c c c cevent time tagging c c c c c c c c c c c c cVT supervision c c c c c c c c c crelay supervision c c c c c c c c c c c c cSepam model S36 YR XR XR YR XR TR XR XR TR YR XR XR TR

number of standard ESTOR 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2

The figures in the columns represent the number of similar protection devices.For example, for phase overcurrent protection, "4" means 4 separate protection devices.(1) for distance protection, refer to S21 relay.(2) for CT supervision refer to the “busbar differential protection” documentation Sepam W01, W02.(3) tripping order only.* function available on 2 sets of sensors.

(2)

9HV/MV substation

The figures in the columns represent the number of similar protection devices.For example, for phase overcurrent protection, “4” means 4 separate protection devices.(*) function available on 2 sets of sensors.

HV transformer application

functions ANSI Sepam 2000 Sepam 100

code T60 T61 T62 T63 T64 T66 T67 D21 D31 LD

protection

breaker failure 50BF/62 1 1 1 1 1 1

phase overcurrent 50/51 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

earth fault 50N/51N 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

thermal overload 49 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

earth fault (neutral) 50N/51N 2 2

tank earth leakage 50/51 1 1

synchro check 25 1 1

differential protection 87T 1 1

restricted earth fault 64REF 1 2 1

metering

phase current (I1, I2, I3) c c/c* c c c c/c* c c cpeak demand phase current (I1, I2, I3) c c c c c c cvoltage (U21, U32, U13) c c creal and reactive power (P, Q) c c cpower peak demand c c cpower factor c c cfrequency c c creal and reactive energy c c ctripping currents (I1, I2, I3, Io) c c c c c c ctrue rms current c c c c c c cdisturbance recording c c c c c c cresidual current c c/c* c c c c/c* cresidual voltage c ccumulative breaking current c c c c c c ccontrol and monitoring

Buchholz, thermostat c c c c c c ctrip c c c c c c clockout relay 86 c c c c c c c c cinhibit closing 69 c c c c c c clogic discrimination 68 c c c c c c cannunciation 30 c c c c c c c c cfault recorder triggering c c c c c c cdisturbance recording c c c c c c cevent time tagging c c c c c c c c cVT supervision c crelay supervision c c c c c c c c cintertripping c c c c c c c c cSepam model S36 YR KR XR YR XR LR XR CR CC

number of standard ESTOR 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3

10 HV/MV substation

The figures in the columns represent the number of similar protection devices.For example, for phase overcurrent protection, “4” means 4 separate protection devices.(*) function available on 2 sets of sensors.

MV substation, MV busbars application

functions ANSI Sepam 2000 MV substation MV busbars

code S61 S62 S63 S64 S65 S66 B68 B69

protection

breaker failure 50BF/62 1 1

phase overcurrent 50/51 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

earth fault 50N/51N 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

directional overcurrent 67 1 1

directional earth fault 67N 1 1 1

undervoltage 27 1 1 1 2/2*

overvoltage 59 1 1 1 2/2*

neutral voltage displacement 59N 1

remanent undervoltage 27R 1/1*

synchro check 25 1

metering

phase current (I1, I2, I3) c c c c c c c cpeak demand phase current (I1, I2, I3) c c c c c c c cvoltage (U21, U32, U13) c c c c/c*

real and reactive power (P, Q) c c c cpower peak demand c c c cpower factor c c c cfrequency c c c creal and reactive energy c c c ctripping currents (I1, I2, I3, Io) c c c c c c c ctrue rms current c c c c c c c cdisturbance recording c c c c c c c cresidual current c c c c c c c cresidual voltage c c c c ccumulative breaking current c c c c c c c ccontrol and monitoring

open /close c c c c c c c ctrip c c c c c c c clockout relay 86 c c c c c c c cinhibit closing 69 c c c c c c c clogic discrimination 68 c c c c c c c cannunciation 30 c c c c c c c cCB control monitoring 74 c c c c c c c coperation counter c c c c c c c cfault recorder triggering c c c c c c c cdisturbance recording c c c c c c c cevent time tagging c c c c c c c crelay supervision c c c c c c c cSepam model S36 YR XR XR XR YR XR YR TR

number of standard ESTOR 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3

11HV/MV substation

MV outgoing feeder application

The figures in the columns represent the number of similar protection devices.For example, for phase overcurrent protection, “4” means 4 separate protection devices.

functions ANSI Sepam 2000 Sepam 2000 Sepam 2000code overhead feeders underground feeders capacitors

A61 A62 A63 A64 U61 U62 U63 U64 C61 C62 C63 C64

protection

thermal overload 49 1 1 1 1 1 1

phase overcurrent 50/51 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2

earth fault 50N/51N(G) 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2

undervoltage 27 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

remanent undervoltage 27R 1 1

overvoltage 59 2 2 2 2 2

directional earth fault 67N 1 1

earth fault (compensated) 67NC 1 1

underfrequency 81 4 4 4 4

capacitor unbalance 50/51 3x2 3x2

recloser 79 1 1 1 1

metering

phase current (I1, I2, I3) c c c c c c c c c c c cpeak demand phase current (I1, I2, I3) c c c c c c c c c c c cvoltage (U21, U32, U13) c c c c c c c c creal and reactive power (P, Q) c c c c c c c c cpower peak demand c c c c c c c c cpower factor c c c c c c c c cfrequency c c c c c c c c creal and reactive energy c c c c c c c c ctripping currents (I1, I2, I3, Io) c c c c c c c c c c c ctrue rms current c c c c c c c c c c c cdisturbance recording c c c c c c c c c c c cresidual current c c c c c c c c c c c cresidual voltage c c c c c c c c ccumulative breaking current c c c c c c c c c c c ccontrol and monitoring

load shedding c c c copen / close c c c c c c c c c c c clockout relay 86 c c c c c c c c c c c cinhibit closing 69 c c c c c c c c c c c clogic discrimination 68 c c c c c c c c c c c cannunciation 30 c c c c c c c c c c c cCB control monitoring 74 c c c c c c c c c c c coperation counter c c c c c c c c c c c cfault recorder triggering c c c c c c c c c c c cdisturbance recording c c c c c c c c c c c cevent time tagging c c c c c c c c c c c cVT supervision c c c c c c c c crelay supervision c c c c c c c c c c c cSepam 2000 S36 XR XR XR YR XR XR YR XR KR LR

Sepam 2000 S26 (compact) LT LT

number of standard ESTOR 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3

12 HV/MV substation

Control and monitoring applications

functions types of Sepam

R01 R02 R03 R04 R06 R07 R08 R09

metering (1)

phase current (I1, I2, I3) c c c c cpeak demand current (I1, I2, I3) ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc cccccvoltage (U21, U32, U13) (2) ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc cccccreal / reactive power (P, Q) ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc cccccpeak demand real / ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc cccccreactive power

power factor ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc cccccfrequency ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc cccccreal and reactive energy ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc(± Wh, ± VARh)

memorization of ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccctripping currents (Io, I1, I2, I3)

temperature (6 RTDs) ccccc ccccctemperature (12 RTDs) ccccctrue rms current ccccc ccccc ccccc cccccresidual current ccccc ccccc ccccc cccccresidual voltage ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccclow level analog input (3)

number of channels 8 8

control and monitoring

resetting to zero of peak demand ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccccurrents , W, VAR and "I TRIP"

outputs 10 14 14 10 38 38 38 38

inputs 18 26 26 18 48 48 48 48

maximum capacity (4) 18 26 26 18 112 112 112 112

temperature 6 RTDs (2 settings) ccccc ccccc12 RTDs (2 settings) ccccc

detection of plugged connectors ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc cccccwatchdog ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc ccccc cccccSepam models

S36 XR XR SR SS

S26 LT

S46 RR XR NR ZR

number of standard ESTOR or ETOR/STOR boards

2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3

(1) direct connection to CT and VT.(2) V1, V2, V3, U21, U32, U13 for R07.(3) connection to converters with format: 0-20, 4-20, 0-10, ±10 mA. Choice parameterizable via the TSM 2001 pocket terminal.(4) by the addition of a 16 input board.

13HV/MV substation

Sepam 2000transformer differential protection

Sepam 2000 D transformer differential protection is designedfor double-winding and three-winding transformers,

Sepam 2000 D provides fast protection against faults which occurin the protected zone:c phase-to-phase faults,c phase-to-earth faults,c faults between winding turns.

Sepam D includes:c percentage differential function,c one or two restricted earth fault protection.

Sepam D does not require an adaptation or resetting transformer.

(1) for Sepam 2000 D31 only.

protections ANSI code D21 D31

differential 87T 1 1 percentage characteristic high set

restricted earth fault 64REF 1 2 percentage characteristic

metering

I1, I1’ and I1” currents and phase shift (1) c cI2, I2’ and I2” currents and phase shift (1) c cI3, I3’ and I3” currents and phase shift (1) c cresidual current Io, Io’ and Io” (1) c cdifferential currents Id1, Id2, Id3 c cthrough currents: It1, It2, It3 c ctripping currents: c cdifferential: trip Id1, trip Id2, trip Id3through: trip It1, trip It2, trip It3

control and monitoring

latching/acknowledgment 86 c cannunciation 30 c cdetection of plugged connectors 74 c cfault trip counter c cSepam 2000 model

S36 CR CC

Sepam 2000 D21, D31.

14 HV/MV substation

Example of a personalized message.

Example of a customized scheme developed using Logipam (1).

Sepam 2000customization

In addition to the protection and metering functions, Sepam 2000 also includescontrol logic and annunciation.This standard control logic may be adapted to most usuals schemes by a simpleparametring at commissioning stage.This enables optimized cabling and more dependable operation.(Diagrams are specified to take into account the most frequent needs).

In order to offer greater flexibility to adapt to your installations, functions can bemodified and new control and annunciation functions can be added by programmingin an electrican’s language (Logipam (1)).Programming can be done on site.

Built-in PLCc up to 26 logic inputs and 14 output relays(by 8-input / 4-output modules),c 24, 48, 127, 220 Vdc power supply,c 512 internal relays,c 24 event counters,c 60 timers,c 64 personalized 11-character messages that can be programmed regardingevents,c 128 bistable relays,c 64 internal relays that can be set via the pocket terminal.c 96 internal relays that can be set by via communication.

Remote monitoring and control via communicationc setting of protection functions and control logic time delays (remote setting),c measurement readout (remote metering),c logic input and output relay readout (remote indication),c remote control of 96 internal relays (remote control),c self-testing results readout (remote diagnosis).

The Logipam software package has a simulation function for functional testingof the control logic scheme before programming of the Sepam cartridge.

(1) Logipam TM : scheme programming software package for Sepam 2000 (please consult us).

15HV/MV substation

Example of control mimic diagram.

PresentationSepam 2000 “Bay Controlers” are digital units that control and monitor switchgearin High Voltage bays, either in local or remotly.Different types of Sepam 2000 Bay Controllers perform in a single unit allthe necessary function as follows:c metering required for operation via:v current and voltage transformers,v existing measurement converters.c indication of switchgear status via logic inputs,c event loging (1 ms accuracy),c control of devices via relay outputs,c control logic such as circuit breaker and disconnector blocking,c diagnostic functions:v circuit breakers,v switches,v GIS substation compartments.

Advantagesc Better functional availability, each bay being independent and having itsown control and monitoring device,c Cost-savings by the integration of functions, especially cabling cost saving,by the use of a communication network,c The “Bay Controller” is integrated and tested within the Bay at the factory,c Complete interlocking functions, including synchronism check,c Local control function with integrated mimic diagram for display of switchgearstatus, measurements and alarms available locally on the display unit,c Complete and continuous monitoring of:v switchgear SF6 pressure, operating time, ...v auxiliaries such as circuits supervision, power supply, ...c Sepam’s continuous self-testing gives it a high level of dependability and avoidsthe risks of random operation. Sepam automatically goes into a fail-safe positionwhenever an anomaly is detected,c Its high level of electromagnetic compatibility allows it to be used close toswitchgear without the need for any particular precautions,c Self-diagnosis, disconnection capability and a memory cartridge considerablyreduce maintenance operations,c Flexibility and upgrading capability are provided by programming possibilities,c Programming of automatic control sequences,c Simple to integrate in a telecontrol system.

Local control mimic diagramDisplayc Display of the open and closed position of each device,c Display of an alarm or fault indicator for each device,c Display of GIS compartment SF6 pressure faults,c Display of the authorized operation (opening or closing) of the selected device,c Lamp test.

Choice of control modeSelection of local/remote control mode via a 3-position key-type selector switch:c remote: local control inhibited, the devices are controlled remotely viathe communication network (remote control orders),c local: local control authorized with interlocking,c maint: local control authorized without interlocking for commissioningor maintenance operations.

Control ordersc Selection of the device to be operated by control keys, resulting in:v blinking of the starting position indicator,v display of the authorized operation,c Execution by control keys of the authorized opening or closing order, resulting in:v blinking of the authorization indicator during the operation,v updating of position display.

Bay control and monitoring

Example of “bay controler” installation.

16 HV/MV substation

(1) connected to CT’s and VT’s.(2) connected to (0-20, 4-20, 0-10, ± 10 mA) transducers.(3) connected to dry contact.

functions Sepam typesR60 R61 R64 R66

metering (1)

phase current (I1, I2, I3) cpeak demand phase current cvoltage (V1, V2, V3, U21, U32, U13) creal and reactive power (P, Q) cpower peak demand cpower factor cfrequency creal and reactive energy (±Wh, VArh) canalog input(2) 8 8temperature (6 RTD’s) cinterlockingcircuit breaker closing c c c csynchro check ccircuit breaker opening c c c cdisconnector operation blocking c c c cremote operationopen / closed c c c cposition signaling c c c cexternal information c c c ctelemetering c c c cmonitoring and controlsignaling c c c cdiscrepancy c c c cpump/compressor operating time c c c cnb. of pump/compressor starts c c c cswitchgear diagnosiscircuit breaker inactivity c c c ccumulative pump/compressor starts c c c ctime and nb, of circuit breaker c c c cand disconnector operationscompartiment monitoringSF6 pressure (3) c c c ctemperature (2 settings) cauxiliary monitoringSepam (watchdog) c c c cDC supervision c c c cdetection of plugged connectors c c c cinput and output capacitylogic relay outputs 38 38 38 38logic input (basic / maxi) 48/112 48/112 48/112 48/112control unit (option) S46switch and CB control c c c cswitch and CB position c c c cgrouping of SF6 pressure alarms c c c cand devicesremote / local control c c c cSepam 2000 S46 S46 S46 S46with control mimic option RM XM NM ZMwithout control mimic option RR XR NR ZR

HV Bay control

17HV/MV substation

Sepam 100 protection and control functions

Sepam 100 LA .

Sepam 100 is a group of modules which fit intothe Sepam range. The modules may be usedseparately or in combination with Sepam 2000 .

Sepam 100 comprises:c on the front of the device: commands, settingsand information needed for operation,c on the back of the device: connections.

The Sepam 100 series includes several types:

Advantagesc Protection against low-value phase and earth faults,c Self-powering: Sepam 100 LA is powered by the current sensors,c May be put in disabled status (inactive output) via an external inhibition contact,c Tripping by a low power-consuming “MITOP” trip unit (1).

Sepam 100 LAProvides definite time DT phase and residual current protection without requiringan auxiliary power source. Combined with Sepam 2000 , this module provides“reflex” protection, operating in redundancy, in the event of a failure in the mainprotection chain (auxiliary power supply, tripping, device, etc.). It actuates a special"Mitop" type release. This protection device is generally installed on the MVsubstation's main incoming feeder.

Sepam 100 MISepam 100 MI local control modules are designed to match with Sepam 2000front face and used for:c circuit breaker control,c selection operating modes (local-remote),c annunication of the position of circuit breaker and isolating switches(by the lighting up of the associated indicators).A number of models are available for different types of diagrams, e.g.:c incomers and outgoing feeders,c bus tie,c single or double busbar arrangement, suitable for each cubicle layout.

Advantagesc Stability with respect to external faults,c Sensibility to internal faults,c Speed (typical response time: 15 ms to 5 x Is),c Outputs with or without latching,c Local and remote acknowledgment.

Sepam 100 LDProvides high impedance type differential protection for:c restricted earth fault protection for transformers, (ANSI 64 REF),c busbar protection. (ANSI 87B)

Sepam 100 LD requires the use of an external stabilizing resistor.

I

O

local

remote

I

O

local

remote

I

O

local

remote

Sepam 100 MI example.

(1) “MITOP” may be fitted an Schneider MV circuit breaker an request.

18 HV/MV substation

Distance protection S21 relay

Advantagesc 4 zones of phase and ground protection,c Any zone may be set forward or reversed,c Desensitization in load-enchroachment zone,c Oscillography,c Fault locating,c Independently set phase and ground distance elements,c Ground distance can be selected for “mho” characteristic, quadrilateralcharacteristic or both,c Negative sequence directional element.

Characteristics

setting (CT’s 5A)

X1, X2, X3, X4 0.05 to 64 ΩR1, R2, R3, R4 0.05 to 50 Ωtripping time: 1-1.5 cycle

QuadrilateralcharacteristicsThe S21 relay also provides groundquadrilateral characteristics.The top line of the quadrilateralcharacteristics compensates for loadflow to avoid under and overreaching.The ground mho and quadrilateraldistance elements may be usedindividually or concurrently.

Digital phase and grounddistance relayThe S21 relay is designed for protectionand monitoring of transmission lines.Applications include:c single-pole and three-pole tripping,c all types of protection,c protection of series compensated lines.

Phase and ground mho distance characteristics.

Mho characteristicsThe S21 relay uses mhocharacteristics for phaseand ground distance protection.

All mho elements use positive-sequence memory polarization thatexpand in proportion to the sourceimpedance, and provide positive,secure operation for close-in faults.

Quadrilateral ground distance characteristics.

S21 digital distance relay.

zone 3zone 2zone 1

zone 4(shownreversed)

X Z L

R

zone 3

zone 2

zone 1

zone 4

X Z L

directionalelement

R

19HV/MV substation

Control and monitoring central computerA complete answer based on two main componants

Graphic user interfaceA powerful and easy to use graphic user interfacec Provides the operator all the information to monitor, operate and maintain locally the substation,in an easy-to-use graphical interface,c Easy to configure and customize,c Based on a standard PC-Windows. Can be implemented on portable PC or industrial PC installed into a panel,c Communication with intelligent Devices (like Sepam) through standard communication protocol,c Able to handle the all substation control system.

Substation computerA comprehensive range from the smaller substation control system to the biggest onec Enables dual remote and ou local monitoring and control of switchgear,c Designed for discrete retrofit and/or digital architecture,c Integrates functions of control (programmable capabilities),c Supports dedicated functions for operation and maintenance,c Enables remote “Quality of supply” reporting,c Multi-host capabilities,c Multi-protocol capabilities (standard or others).

Typical architecture for mixed architecturewith both local and remote control

Substation computerto remote control center

Graphic user interface(for local control)

Please consult us for more detailed information.

20 HV/MV substation

General characteristics

logic outputs (relays) Sepam 2000voltage 48/127/220 Vdc

rated current 8 A

breaking capacity: DC resistive load 0.7 AAC resistive load 8 A

logic inputsvoltage 48/127/220 Vdc (1)

consumption 10 mA

auxiliary power supplyDC voltage 48/127/220 Vdc

consumption 19.5 W

dielectricindustrial frequency IEC 60255-5 2 kV-1 mn

climaticoperation IEC 60068-2 -5°C to 55°Cstorage IEC 60068-2 -25°C to 70°Cdamp heat IEC 60068-2 95% at 40°Cmechanicaldegree of protection IEC 60529 IP.51 on front

vibrations IEC 60255-21-1 class I

shocks IEC 60255-21-2 class I

fire NFC 20455 glow wire

electromagneticradiation IEC 60255-22-3 class X - 30 V/m

electrostatic discharge IEC 60255-22-2 class III

electrical1.2/50 µs impulse wave withstand IEC 60255-5 5 kV

damped 1 MHz wave IEC 60255-22-1 class III

5 ns fast transients IEC 60255-22-4 class IV

Electrical characteristics

Environmental characteristics

“ ” marking on our products guarantees their conformity to European directives.

BA

C

types A (mm) B (mm) C (mm) weight (kg)Sepam 2000 S26 254 300 222 7

Sepam 2000 S36 352 300 222 9

Sepam 2000 S46 440 300 222 12

21HV/MV substation

Notes

22 HV/MV substation

Notes

23HV/MV substation

2 HV/MV substation

Services

Tailor-made serviceThe development of an electrical distribution systemand the design of a control-monitoring architecturedepend not only on making an efficient analysisof the requirements but also on finding a technicaland econmic compromise which is the fruitof experience.

Schneider has an organization of skilled staff to helpyou make choices and confirm solutions. This teamhas acquired irreplaceable experience by beingconfronted with a wide variety of situations.

They are at your disposal for:c preliminary distribution system studiesand coordination studies,c studies of the architecture of your controlmonitoring system,c testing and start-up,c future system upgrading and maintenance,c training of your technicians.

These people, who are close by, benefit from trainingand ongoing support by a group of experts as well asoutstanding investigation means (1) which make itpossible for them to deal with all types of situationsand come up with the right answer for your needs.

Configuration, customizationOur application staff can perform configuration andcustomization of your control station in accordancewith your specifications (please consult us).

Training your technicians.

(1) Kirchhoff protection testing laboratory.EMTP and MORGAT system simulation software.(2) Calculation software (short-circuit current, dynamicstability, etc.) developed by Schneider.

Example of a system coordination study using Selena (2) .

Schneider Electric SA Postal addressF-38050 Grenoble cedex 9Tel: +33 (0)4 76 57 60 60Telex: merge 320842 Fhttp://www.schneider-electric.com

As standards, specifications and designs change from timeto time, please ask for confirmation of the information givenin this publication.

Publishing: Schneider Electric SADesign, production: IdraPrinting:

03 / 1999PCRED397071 /1ENART.083354

Rcs Nanterre B 954 503 439

This document has beenprinted on ecological paper.